UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
Regional Project with participation from the governments of:
Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Slovak Republic
Project Document Number: RER/00/G35/A/1G/37
Project Title: Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) In the Danube River Basin
Project Short Title: TEST
UNDP and Cost Sharing:
Executing Agent: UNIDO/UNDP
UNDP/GEF
$900,000
Implementing Agent: UNIDO
GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP
AOS:
$90,000
Project site:
UNDP Total $990,000
Beneficiary Countries:
Parallel Financing $1,380,000
Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Romania,
Slovak Republic
Total:
$2,370,000
Estimated Start Date: January 2001
Estimated End Date: December 2003
Programme Officer: Mr. Christopher Briggs
Classification Information
ACC sector & sub-sector: Environment enhancement and management (203).
DCAS sector &sub-sector: Natural Resources: Environmental preservation and rehabilitation.
Primary area of focus/ sub-focus: Environmental Resources and Security (C.2.3).
Secondary area of focus/ sub-focus: Promotion of Sustainable Resources Management.
Primary type of intervention: Institution building (E.1).
Secondary type of intervention: Pilot and Demonstration (E.4).
Primary target beneficiaries: Target organization (D2): Civil Society Organization (cleaner production centres).
Secondary target beneficiaries: Lakes and rivers (D.3).
Brief Description
The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130 major manufacturing enterprises
of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a significant number of these are
contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients and/or persistent organic pollutants. In
spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack of convincing evidence that it is
possible to comply with environmental norms while still maintaining or perhaps enhancing their
competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner production institutions in five
Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of Environmentally Sound
Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to bring these pilot enterprises
into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River Protection Convention while at the
same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to deal with the social
consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity would then be
available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other Danubian countries.
C:\Prodoc4/7.08.00
On behalf of the
Signature
Date
Name/Title
Governments of:
Bulgaria
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_________________
Croatia
___________
_____
_________________
Hungary
___________
_____
_________________
Romania
___________
_____
_________________
Slovak Republic
___________
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_________________
See ANNEX VI
On behalf of:
UNDP GEF
___________
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__________________
UNIDO
___________
_____
__________________
I. CONTEXT.......................................................................................................................................................6
A. Pollution in the Danube River Basin and Industrial Contribution
B. Host Country Strategies
C. Prior or on-going Assistance directed at the same Sub-sector
D. Institutional Framework
II. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ...................................................................................................................13
A. Problems to be addressed: the present situation
B. End-of-project situation
C. Target beneficiaries
D. Project strategy and institutional arrangements
E. Reasons for UNDP/UNIDO assistance
F. Special considerations
G. Counterpart support capacity
Bulgaria
Croatia
Hungary
Romania
Slovakia
III. DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE .............................................................................................................25
IV. IMMEDIATE COMPONENTS, OBJECTIVES, OUTPUTS AND ACTIVITIES ............................26
Component I- Institutional Strengthening
Objective 1- Set up national focal points that would facilitate the transfer of ESTs to industrial
enterprises in five Danubian countries.
Output 1.1 TEST Focal Point initiated
Output 1.2 TEST team trained
Output 1.3 Information management system setup
Output 1.4 Implementation schedule prepared
Component II- Entreprise Demonstrations
Objective 2-Apply the TEST approach to at least twenty enterprises located in the Danube River
Basin.
Output 2.1 Twenty pilot enterprises selected to participate in TEST project
Output 2.2 Viability assessment (site survey) prepared for 20 pilot enterprises
Output 2.3 CP assessments prepared for 20 pilot enterprises
Output 2.4 Industrial management assessments prepared for 20 pilot enterprises
Output 2.5 An EST package identified and evaluated for 20 pilot enterprises
Output 2.6 Sustainable Enterprise Strategies finalized for 20 pilot enterprises
Output 2.7 EMS designed for 20 pilot enterprises
Output 2.8 Investment Promotion Packages proposed for 20 pilot enterprises
Component III- Diffusion of Results
Objective 3- Diffusion of experience with the 20 pilot enterprises to other enterprises in the five
participating countries and to other Danubian countries.
Output 3.1 National seminars held in five countries
Output 3.2 Revised TEST manual with country case studies
Output 3.3 Twenty-five enterprises offered one day introductory TEST seminars.
Output 3.4 Regional seminars held to present results of TEST application.
Output 3.5 Teams identified and trained in four other Danubian countries
V. INPUTS.........................................................................................................................................................37
A. Government inputs
B. GEF inputs
C. UNDP/UNIDO inputs
VI. RISKS..........................................................................................................................................................38
F. 1.Major risks
F. 2. Minor risks
VII. PROJECT OBLIGATIONS AND PREREQUISITES .........................................................................39
VIII. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK, CO-ORDINATION AND ADMINISTRATION...................39
IX. PROJECT REVIEWS, REPORTING AND EVALUATION ...............................................................41
X. EXPECTED FOLLOW-UP.......................................................................................................................41
XI. LEGAL CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................................41
ANNEXES:
I-
JOB DESCRIPTION
II-
WORK-PLAN
III-
BUDGET SHEETS
IV-
MAJOR MANUFACTURING DISCHARGES IDENTIFIED BY THE GEF
DANUBE RIVER BASIN POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMME, 1998 FOR
BULGARIA, CROATIA, HUNGARY, ROMANIA, SLOVAKIA
V-
CONTACT INFORMATION FOR NCPCs/PPCs
VI-
GOVERNMENT REQUESTS (BULGARIA, CROATIA, HUNGARY, ROMANIA,
SLOVAKIA)
ACRONYMS
CIC
Clean Industry Centre of Bulgaria
CPCs
Country Programme Coordinators for the Convention
CP
Cleaner Production
Cro CPC
Croatian National Cleaner Production Centre
DRPC
Convention on Cooperation for the Protection and Sustainable Use of the
Danube River
EMS
Environmental Management Systems
EST
Environmentally Sound Technology
HCPC
National Cleaner Production Centre of Hungary
ICPDR
International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River
PCU
Programme Coordination Unit
PMTF
Programme Management Task Force
PPC
Pollution Prevention Centre of Romania
PRP
Pollution Reduction Programme for the Danube River; funded by GEF
SCPC
Slovak Cleaner Production Centre
TDA
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis; part of PRP
TEST
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
I. CONTEXT
A. Pollution in the Danube River Basin and Industrial Contribution
The Danube River Basin
The Danube River basin is the heartland of central Europe. The main river is 2,857 km long
and drains 817,000 sq. km including all of Hungary; most parts of Romania, Austria, Slovenia,
Croatia, and Slovakia; and significant parts of Bulgaria, Germany, the Czech Republic, Moldova and
Ukraine. Territories of FR Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and small parts of Italy, Switzerland,
Albania and Poland are also included in the basin (Figure 1). The Danube River discharges into the
Black Sea through a delta which is the second largest natural wetland area in Europe.
Water Quality Problems in the Danube
The Transboundary Analysis (TDA) for the Danube River Basin (1999) identified the following
main problems that affect water quality use: high load of nutrients and eutrophication; contamination
with hazardous substances, including oils; microbiological contamination; contamination with
substances causing heterotrophic growth and oxygen depletion and competition for available water.
The human activities contributing significantly to these problems are human settlements, agriculture
and industry.
Industry, atmospheric deposition, etc. cause about 20-30 per cent of the problem of excessive
nitrogen and phosphorus in the Danube Basin. Old-fashioned fertilizer factories are major dischargers
of nitrogen and their outdoor piles and lagoons of phosphor-gypsum are a special case of pollution by
nutrients. Even if production on these sites is reduced or stopped, the gypsum stores will continue to
be serious pollution sources in the future.
Industry and mining are responsible for most of the direct and indirect discharges of hazardous
substances into the Danube Basin. Depending on the type of industry, the effluent might contain
heavy metals (smelting, electroplating, chlorine production, tanneries, metal processing, etc.), organic
micro-pollutants (pulp and paper, chemical, pharmaceuticals, etc.) or oil products and solvents
(machine production, oil refineries, etc.). Mining activities result in drainage water from the mines,
run off from tailings and from process water containing metals and sometimes organic solvents. Data
on loadings of hazardous pollutants are available from only a few individual enterprises. Sewage is a
main source of ammonia.
Organic materials discharged by human settlements and industry consume available dissolved
oxygen. The impact is dependent on the total load, the type of organic substances, the water
temperature, the dilution capacity and the initial oxygen concentration of the recipient. Serious
oxygen deficiencies are most likely to occur in slow-flowing and stagnant waters. Downstream of
major outlets, the oxygen concentration may drop below the level that can support aquatic life forms
including fish populations and render the receiving waters unsuitable for drinking water supply and
recreation. Such situations are occurring in the Danube tributaries: for example, the Vit River in
Bulgaria is unable to support fish downstream of the city of Plevin, primarily due to discharges from a
sugar factory, and discharges from the pulp and paper factory in Pietra Neamt have made one of the
Siret tributaries unfit for most uses. The main stream of the Danube, however, has a very large
dilution and oxygen mixing capacity that enables it to cope with heavy loads of organic materials.
Industrial Polluters
In the frame of the UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme (PRP) in 1998/1999, country
expert teams under the guidance of the respective country programme coordinators undertook a new,
comprehensive review of the sources of pollution and their effects in the Danube River Basin and the
Black Sea. Each national team developed a national review for their respective countries based on a
common methodology. The results were then compiled and analyzed at the regional level in the
TDA. Based on the TDA and the ICPDR Emission Expert Group, 130 industrial enterprises of
concern (known as hot spots) were identified within the Danube River Basin (Table 1).
Table 1. Major Manufacturing Discharges identified by the GEF Danube River Basin Pollution
Reduction Programme, 1998
ISIC
Bosnia
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czech
Hungary
Romania
Slovak.
Slovenia
Ukraine
Yugo-
Total
Code
Herzegov.
Rep.
Rep.
slavia
311 Food &
5
14
2
5
5
31
313
Beverages
321 Textiles
2
1
3
323 Leather
1
2
1
1
1
6
331 Wood
1
1
2
1
5
processing
332 Furniture
1
1
341 Paper
1
1
3
3
2
5
2
1
18
351 Ind.
2
2
1
3
23
6
2
39
Chem. &
Fertilizers
352 Other
2
2
3
7
chemicals
353 Petrol.
1
1
2
ref.
371 Iron
1
1
2
5
9
372 Non-
1
1
1
3
ferrous
381 Metals
2
2
Oth. major
1
1
1
1
4
ind.
Grand Total
Bosnia-H.
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czech R.
Hungary
Romania
Slovakia.
Slovenia
Ukraine
Yugo.
G.T.
4
16
20
3
13
44
12
10
4
4
130
Note: This table summarizes major manufacturing discharges; agricultural and mining activities are not included. No industrial discharges are
reported for Moldova.
Source: Danube PRP, "Transboundary Analysis Report", (June 1999).
The specifics of the transboundary pollution problems in the Danube River Basin and Black
Sea originating from the industrial plants in the five countries selected to participate in the TEST
program are described in Annex I. Briefly summarized: Bulgaria -- 8 plants contributing to nutrient
loadings of 50 tons/year or greater ; Croatia-- 3 plants contributing to nutrient loadings of 50 tons/year
or greater and 2 plants with other pollutant loading affecting a SIA in a neighboring country; Hungary
-- 4 plants contributing to nutrient loadings of 50 tons/year or greater and 2 plants with other pollutant
loadings affecting a SIA in a neighboring country; Romania--33 plants contributing to nutrient
loadings of 50 tons/year and 5 plants with other pollutant loadings affecting a SIA in a neighboring
country and Slovakia-- 2 plants contributing to nutrient loadings of 50 tons/year or greater and 9
plants with other pollutant loadings affecting a SIA in a neighboring country.
The major polluting industrial sub-sectors in terms of numbers of enterprises are food; paper,
chemicals, and iron. Together these four sub-sectors account for about 75 per cent of the major
industrial pollutant dischargers.
Thus despite the period of transition in most of Central and Eastern Europe that has lead to
serious changes in the level of industrial and agricultural activity, industrial pollution still remains a
significant problem to be addressed by Danube Countries. Moreover, it can be expected that as
economies in the region recover and industrial production increases, industrial pollution will also
increase unless the source of pollution is adequately addressed Table 1.
B. Host Country Strategies
Recognizing the growing regional and transboundary character of the water management and
related environmental problems, the Danubian countries together with the interested members of the
international community met in Sofia in September 1991 to consider a new regional initiative to
support and enhance the national actions that would be required. The countries agreed to develop and
implement a programme of priority actions and studies in support of a new Environmental
Programme for the Danube River Basin (EPDRB). The countries also agreed to form a Task Force to
oversee the EPDRB. The Commission of the European Communities (CEC), in its role as G-24
Coordinator, agreed to provide support and coordination for the Task Force. The main objective of the
EPDRB has been to strengthen the operational basis for environmental management in the Danube
River Basin.
To secure the legal basis for protecting water resources, the Danube River Basin countries and
the European Union signed the Convention on Cooperation for the Protection and Sustainable Use of
the Danube River (DRPC) in Sofia, on 29th of June 1994. The main objective of the Convention is
that all parties cooperate by taking all appropriate legal, administrative and technical measures to
maintain and improve the current environmental and water quality conditions of the Danube River
and of the waters in its catchment's area. This includes, among others, the improvement and rational
use of surface and ground water, pollution reduction from point and non-point sources and loads to
the Black Sea, as well as accidental prevention and response measures.
The Convention entered into force on 22 of October 1998. It is ratified by eleven parties: ten
Danubian countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Moldavia,
Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) and the European Union.
C. Prior or on-going Assistance directed at the same Sub-sector
EU/PHARE
The EU Phare Multi-Country Programme for Environment supported the following activities
during the 1992-2000 period: implementation of Strategic Action Plan projects, development of the
Accident Emergency Warning System (AEWS), development of Monitoring, Laboratory and
Information Management (MLIM), execution of an Applied Research Programme, and the
development of river basin management cooperation. The EU Tacis programme is implementing
parallel projects to the Phare Programme, especially AEWS and MLIM actions, for the benefit of
Moldova and Ukraine.
Of direct relevance to the TEST project is the ongoing Clean Technology and Industrial Waste
Treatment project (SIP/CH/01/96) (US$ 300,000; 1997-2000) This project is supporting three
interventions. One is a feasibility study for a combined wastewater treatment plant for a tannery and
municipal waste in Sevlievo, Bulgaria. The second intervention is an evaluation of improved process
technology and waste treatment to reduce pollutant loads from the Senica and Myajavou viscose and
polyester factory in Slovakia. The third intervention is the evaluation and selection of technology for
resource recycling in Leta-Bacau Paper/pulp factory in Romania. In addition, Tacis started in 1999
similar projects for two wood processing plants in the up-stream reach of the Tisza River
(Karpathians, Ukraine).
GEF
The UNDP/GEF Danube River Pollution Reduction Programme (PRP), funded by the Global
Environmental Facility (GEF) (1997-1999) under the guidance of UNDP and UNOPS (US$ 7.5
million; 1997-1999), created a framework for a long-term solution to the problem of pollution in the
Danube River Basin. The programme developed national reviews consisting of: socio-economic
analysis of effects of water pollution, analysis of financing mechanisms, water quality and water
engineering measures and project files for identified projects. The national reviews identified hot
spots in the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors and proposed projects to remediate the hot
spots. The TDA evaluated the pollution problems from a regional perspective and worked to identify
the important cause and effect relationships of transboundary pollution. Besides the effects of
pollution on the Black Sea, significant impact areas (SIAs) of pollution were identified. The TEST
project in the Danube River Basin is a follow-up to the PRP in that it will build capacity in five
Danubian country institutions to advise major industrial discharges on appropriate pollutant reduction
measures.
USAID
The USAID Danube Pollution Reduction Programme (US$ 8.5 million; 1996-2000) aimed to
reduce emission of toxic compounds and pathogens into international waters in selected areas where
potential pathways of human exposure cross national boundaries. Implementation of activities under
this programme helps to reduce discharges of pollution to the three tributary basins of the Danube
River (the Hornad/Hernad, the Bodrog/Upper Tisza, and the Cris/Koros) that potentially affect
downstream uses for potable water, irrigation, fishing, and recreation especially in Hungary while
ultimately affecting the Black Sea.
The focus of one group of tasks was to help industry, primarily in Romania, reduce the
quantity of waste discharged to surface waters. Assistance was given to industrial facilities in
methods of waste minimization, wastewater pretreatment, and containment of contaminated runoff.
The focus was mainly on low-cost/no-cost opportunities.
Six plants have received assistance in waste minimization and pre-treatment methods. A
variety of industries were represented, including petrochemicals, pigments, pharmaceuticals,
metalworking, uranium mining, and metals mining. Overall, implementation of pollutant reduction
options under this group of tasks will significantly reduce radiological contamination and discharges
of oils, phenols, zinc, cyanide, and heavy metals, while helping local industries reduce operating
costs. Waste management assessments have been completed and implementation of pollutant
reduction options is now underway.
World Bank
The World Bank has formulated projects for industrial pollution abatement in Romania and
Ukraine. Of most relevance to activities to be undertaken in this project is the one in Romania entitled
Romania-Industrial Pollution Abatement. The main objectives of the project are: to address industrial
pollution with significant impact on human health and productivity; to achieve overall improvements
in environmental and natural resource management; and to increase public awareness of
environmental issues. A subsidiary objective will be to facilitate privatization by helping industry to
deal with environmental liabilities.
EBRD
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has put forward a GEF
project concept entitled "Danube Pollution Reduction Programme--Financing of Pollution Reduction
Projects by Local Financial Intermediaries." If the proposed project is realized, the financial resources
it would offer to industrial facilities would be a welcome complement to the TEST project. The TEST
project would enhance capacity in host institutions with hands on experience with 20 enterprises to
formulate bankable industrial projects according to International Financial Institutions criteria. The
last step in the TEST capacity building project is investment negotiation, which would be the starting
point for the EBRD project.
D. Institutional Framework
Programme Management for the Convention
The DRPC is being implemented and supported by the following entities: (1) The DRPC
consists of the heads of delegation from each signatory country. The ICPDR is the decision-making
body of the DRPC; (2) The Secretariat manages the day to day functions of the ICPDR; (3) the
Programme Management Task Force (PMTF) is a special supporting body established under the
umbrella of the Convention. The key role of the PMTF is to support the practical implementation of
action programs, promote priority environmental investments and help secure technical assistance
required by the Danubian countries and agreed upon in the Convention. Membership of the PMTF
includes contracting parties, donors and international financing institutions, and non-governmental
organizations.
The PMTF elects a Chairman from among its members; (4) The Programme Coordination Unit
(PCU) supports the activities of the PMTF and provides daily management of implementation
activities funded by donors. Two donors, the EU Phare Multi Country Environmental Programme
and UNDP/GEF have supported the PCU. The GEF Programme activities, however were completed
in December 1999 and the PHARE assistance is scheduled to end in October 2000; (5) Heads of
Delegations and Country Programme Coordinators who are nominated by senior officials from
Danubian countries are responsible for management of ICPDR activities within their country; and (6)
Technical Expert-Groups include the Monitoring, Laboratory and Information Management, the
Accident Emergency Warning System and the Emission Expert-Groups.
Bulgaria
Implementation Strategy
The Bulgarian strategy for reducing industrial pollutant discharge into the Danube is described in the
report from a National Planning Workshop held in Sofia (30 June - 4 July 1998) and the "Causal
Chain Analysis for the Middle and Lower Danube Countries" [PCU/March 1999]. In brief, the report
describes three broad categories of activities: (i) reduction of the impact of past pollution on the
environment; (ii) implementation of appropriate measures for limiting the discharge of industrial
wastewater and (iii) adoption of sustainable industrial practices. Categories (ii) and (iii) list activities
that would be supported by the TEST project. Under category (ii), the activities proposed are
introduction of efficient treatment technologies, construction of treatment facilities, updating of
manufacturing technologies [mentions TEST project] and improving the maintenance and operation
of treatment facilities. Under category (iii), the activities proposed are applying an appropriate public
relations strategy for stakeholder involvement, establishing a programme for prevention of the risk of
industrial accidents, reducing the use of hazardous raw materials, supplies and equipment and
implementing modern manufacturing technologies.
Croatia
Implementation Strategy
The Croatian strategy for reducing industrial pollutant discharge into the Danube is described in the
report from a National Planning Workshop held in Varazdin (15-18 September 1998) and the "Causal
Chain Analysis for the Middle and Lower Danube Countries" [PCU/March 1999]. In brief, the report
describes three broad categories of activities: (i) ecological disposal of waste; (ii) adoption of
environmentally friendly industrial production and (iii) re-establishment of pre-war environmental
conditions. Categories (i) and (ii) list activities that would be supported by the TEST project. Under
category (i), these are introduction of adequate wastewater treatment technology and facilitation of
favorable conditions for industrial waste management. Under category (ii), this is modernization of
technological processes.
Hungary Implementation Strategy
The Hungarian strategy for reducing industrial pollutant discharge into the Danube is described in the
report from a National Planning Workshop held in Visegard (11-14 May 1998) and the "Causal Chain
Analysis for the Middle and Lower Danube Countries" [PCU/March 1999]. In brief, the report
describes three broad categories of activities: (i) application of appropriate technologies and pollution
reduction measures in the chemical industry; (ii) application of appropriate technologies and pollution
reduction measures in the oil industry and (iii) control of water pollution resulting from shipping and
harbor activities. The activities in categories (i) and (ii) would be supported by the TEST project;
these are development of technology in the chemical and oil industry and promotion of information
management systems and consultancy services.
Romania
Implementation Strategy
The Romanian strategy for reducing industrial pollutant discharge into the Danube is described in the
report from a National Planning Workshop held in Constanza (30 September - 3 October 1998) and
the "Causal Chain Analysis for the Middle and Lower Danube Countries" [PCU/March 1999]. In
brief, the report describes four broad categories of activities: (i) implementation of clean technologies;
(ii) ensuring discharge of standard quality treated wastewater; (iii) adoption of proper management of
solid wastes and adequate performance of wastes transport. Categories (i) and (ii) list the activities
that would be supported by the TEST project. Under category (i), the activities proposed are
introduction of a legal and economic framework for implementation of clean technologies, promotion
of incentives for Best Available Technology, identification of multiple financing resources, and
implementation of measures to minimize losses in existing installations. Under category (ii), the
activities proposed are construction of wastewater treatment plants, proper operation of wastewater
treatment plants and implementation of measures for the discharge of properly treated wastewater.
Slovakia
Implementation Strategy
The Slovakian strategy for reducing industrial pollutant discharge into the Danube is described in the
report from a National Planning Workshop held in Bratislava (2 - 5 June 1998) and the "Causal Chain
Analysis for the Middle and Lower Danube Countries" [PCU/March 1999]. In brief, the report
describes three broad categories of activities: (i) application of appropriate technologies; (ii) proper
treatment of industrial wastewater and (iii) adequate implementation of legislative and financial
mechanisms. All three categories list activities that would be supported by the TEST project. Under
category (i), the activities proposed are modernization of industrial processes, promotion of
environmental management systems and establishment of an information center for new
environmental technologies. Under category (ii), the activities proposed are introduction of chemical
and biological treatment technologies and technologies for nutrient removal, increased capacity and
efficiency of wastewater treatment plants and establishment of monitoring and warning systems in the
frame of water management of enterprises. Under category (iii), the activities proposed are improved
legislation, improved financial mechanisms and increased availability of funds.
II. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION
A. Problems to be addressed: the present situation
a. In the framework of the UNDP/GEF PRP, the participating countries undertook a review of
industrial, municipal and agricultural sources of pollution in 1998/99. The national reviews
identified 130 industrial enterprises of concern within the Danube River Basin (Table 1). The
findings of the PRP will form the basis for the ICPDR Action Programme. Industrial
pollutant reduction will be an important element. It is important to alleviate industrial hot
spots as well as to introduce the use of cleaner technologies to ensure that continuous
improvement occurs before industrial output begins to rise in the near future as expected.
b. There is a lack of convincing practical demonstrations with enterprises of concern that show it
is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or perhaps enhance their
competitive positions. The international technical cooperation community is supporting only a
few demonstrations, which were described in section A.3. Unfortunately, these seem to focus
exclusively on environmental issues rather than the integration of economic, social and
environmental issues, and they are limited to direct support for a few enterprises. Little effort
is being made in these demonstrations to enhance technical capacities in the countries to
provide the integrated package of technical services that would be more attractive to and
helpful for these enterprises.
c. Although there are capacities in Danubian countries to provide many of the services needed
by industry to pursue the simultaneous objectives of competitiveness enhancement, social
responsibility and environmental compliance, these capacities remain isolated in separate
institutions and companies. These services are not being provided as an integrated service
package that is needed by the enterprises to pursue the three objectives simultaneously.
d. There is a lack of appreciation in the professional communities of the synergies to be
achieved in the collective provision of services to enterprises. These synergies would result in
solutions for enterprises that would actually meet their needs and could be provided at a more
reasonable cost than if they were provided as individual services.
e. The year 2000 is the perfect time to address industrial pollutant reduction in the
Danube. The main reason is that industrial production has declined over the years and only
now has the potential to increase. In this situation, plants would probably be eager to learn
about ways to increase production while being able to comply with environmental norms.
This project would offer them the opportunity to learn how to do this by using
environmentally sound technology. Such a proactive approach to preventing pollution would
also serve as a model for other international river basins and water bodies faced with similar
industrial pollution problems.
B. End-of-project situation
a. All participating enterprises would have prepared a Sustainable Enterprise Strategy (SES) that
combines the essential elements of business plans, social action commitments and negotiated
environmental compliance schedules. The SESs would explain how the enterprises, as
required by the Convention, would implement best available techniques and best
environmental practices needed to integrate successfully ESTs into their production
processes1;
b. EST options (some combination of advanced process, pretreatment and final pollution control
technologies) successfully identified for three-quarters of the 20 enterprises at the end of the
project. These options would bring these enterprises into compliance with environmental
norms of the EU and of the Danube Convention;
c. Significant pollutant reductions (at least 30 per cent), with an emphasis on nutrients, in at
least one-half of the participating enterprises and some pollutant reduction in the one-half as a
result of implementing only cleaner production (process change) measures;
d. As a result of training courses provided by international experts, hands on experience working
with international experts when they advise the 20 enterprises and a study tour (s), capacity is
built in networks of national institutions to advise the remaining 74 enterprises in the five
participating countries on how to implement the TEST approach;
e. TEST management toolkit (technical manuals on enterprise viability, cleaner production,
industrial management, environmentally sound technology assessment, sustainable enterprise
strategy, environmental management systems and investment negotiations as well as 20 case
studies and information sources on sub-sector specific ESTs tailored for the needs of Danube
River Basin enterprises) would be available for teams of national experts in working with the
remaining 74 enterprises to identify and install the most appropriate of ESTs at least cost; and
f. The TEST project and Toolkit disseminated to the other six Danubian countries with polluting
industrial enterprises identified by the TDA. A project document will be prepared if warranted
for a full-scale technical cooperation project with these countries.
__________________________________
1 The TEST programme, which is being designed for application in different parts of world, uses the terms cleaner production
(preventive actions within the production process) and pollution control technology (both pre-treatment before pollutants are
discharged into municipal wastewater treatment plants and final treatment/end-of pipe). The DRPC requires individual industrial
sectors or industries to apply best available techniques (BAT) and best available practices (BEP). BAT includes process changes
(cleaner production), pretreatment and final treatment. It is equivalent to EST as defined both by UNIDO and the UN Commission
on Sustainable Development. "Environmentally sound technologies in the context of pollution are "process and product
technologies that generate low or no waste for prevention of pollution. They also cover "end of the pipe" technologies for treatment
of pollution after it has been generated. Environmentally sound technologies are just not individual technologies, but total systems
which include know-how, procedures, goods, and services, and equipment as well as organizational and management
procedures"(Agenda 21, Chapter 34, Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology, Cooperation and Capacity Building). BEP
means the application of the most appropriate combination of sectoral environmental controls and strategies. The introduction of
Environmental Management Systems as part of the TEST programme is an effort to encourage industry to adopt many of the
considerations that constitute BEP, such as the precautionary principle, principle of responsibility, principle of minimizing, etc.
C. Target beneficiaries
UNIDO will assist national institutions and independent experts (counterparts) to enhance their
understanding of the need for and their abilities to provide enterprises the integrated package of
services that constitute the TEST programme. Perhaps the most important skill developed will be the
realization of the necessity to work in teams to be able to provide the diverse services needed by
enterprises to be able to incorporate ESTs in their production operations.
The target beneficiaries will be the 20 enterprises that will be advised on how to reduce their
pollutant discharge at the same time they improve their production efficiency. These beneficiaries
also include the workers in the enterprises who would have the prospects of a more secure economic
future.
The ultimate beneficiaries will be those who are adversely affected by the national as well as
transboundary pollution in the Danube River. The Danube River as well as the Black Sea, which is the
ultimate sink for wastes discharged in the Danube, provides vital services such as drinking water
supply and recreation, as well as sustaining aquatic life forms that can survive only in a clean
environment.
D. Project strategy and institutional arrangements
The project strategy is based on UNIDO's substantial experience in implementing industrial
environmental projects. Some of the lessons learned from these projects that were relevant for
developing the project strategy are:
1. Due to the political and economic transformation that has taken place in the former centrally
planned Central and Eastern European countries, product driven former state owned enterprises
have to be privatized in order to become competitive in the emerged or emerging market
economy. The individual enterprises need tailor made support to do this. The enterprises need to
identify their competitive strengths and prepare a strategy to take advantage of them. At the same
time, the enterprise management functions have to be upgraded so as to ensure improvements in
quality, reductions in costs and enhanced delivery capability.
2. The successful, widespread transfer of environmentally sound technology is dependent upon two
factors. First, the technological feasibility as well as the financial and environmental benefits of
the technology must be demonstrated in an enterprise in the country and that experience must be
accessible to other enterprises in the same country. Second, at least one institution (could be a
project counterpart, a private enterprise research institution etc.) has to market the new technology
to other enterprises. Without an organized effort to disseminate results, the successful
technological innovations usually remain confined to the demonstration plants.
3. Despite the limited evidence, the notion that costs of prospective environmental control measures
are often over estimated is being recognized (Anderson, 1999 and Luken, 1997)2. Goldstein and
Hodges (1997) claim that the costs of proposed environmental regulations in the United States
have been substantially overestimated in several cases, including asbestos, benzene, coke ovens,
___________________
2Anderson, Dennis (1999), "Technical progress and pollution abatement: an economic view of selected technologies
and practices," draft report, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine; Goldstein, Eban and Hart Hodges
(1997), "Polluted data: overestimating environmental costs," The American Prospect, volume 35; Jaffe, Adam, Steven
Peterson, Paul Portney, and Robert Stavins (1995), "Environmental regulation and the competitiveness of US
manufacturing: what does the evidence tell us?", Journal of Economic Literature, Vol.33; Luken, Ralph (1997) "The
effect of environmental regulations on industrial competitiveness of selected industries in developing countries,"
Greener Management International, Issue 19; Palmer, Karen, Wallace Oates, and Paul Portney (1995), "Tightening
environmental standards: the benefit-cost or the no-cost paradigm?", Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 9; Porter,
Michael (1991), "America's green strategy" Scientific American, Vol. 264; and Porter, Michael and Klaus van der
Linde (1995), "Toward a new conception of the environmental-competitiveness relationship," Journal of Economic
perspectives, Vol. 9.
cotton dust, strip mining, and vinyl chloride. An extreme form of the cost-overestimate
argument is the Porter hypothesis [Porter (1991) and Porter and van der Linde (1995)] which
asserts that environmental regulation generally triggers innovation sufficient to more than offset
compliance costs, which implies that any positive cost estimate is too high. The hypothesis is
disputed by Jaffe et al. (1995) and Palmer et al.(1995).
4. Technical cooperation projects that enhance capacity within an existing institution rather than
create a new institution have a greater chance of being sustained. A comparison of the
UNIDO/UNEP National Cleaner Production Programme, which established CP capacities in
existing institutions, and the USAID Environmental Pollution Prevention Programme (EP3),
which established CP capacities in new institutions, showed that all of the NCPCs are
continuing to function after the end of UNIDO/UNEP support and virtually none of the EP3
centres have continued after the end of USAID support.
5. Any successful effort that addresses the technological transformation of enterprises based on
EST also needs to take into account economic and social considerations. Failing to take into
account these two factors usually prevents the implementation of the transformation. In
particular, failure to deal with employees both in the design and implementation of the
technology transformation and the most likely negative effects on employment will prevent
significant technology transformations.
The strategy to achieve the project objectives, taking into account the above five points,
consists of three elements: establishing a TEST focal point/network in each of the five countries,
applying the TEST approach to a selected set of enterprises in the five countries and initiating the
TEST approach in other enterprises in the five countries and in the other countries that are
signatories to the Convention.
1. Identification of TEST focal point is immediate objective one of the project and includes the
following outputs:
(a) Setting up TEST focal points in the NCPCs/PPCs. These units are already functioning and
have the necessary management and office support facilities to carry out the project (See
section B.8 Counterpart Support Capacity for detailed information about the history and
achievements of each centre);
(b) Identifying the most appropriate institutions/experts to support the NCPC/PPCs in carrying
out the project based on advice from the PCU, country counterparts for the Convention,
UNIDO national focal points and UNIDO staff;
(c) Introducing the focal points to the TEST programme, installing an information
management system; and
(d) Preparing an implementation schedule for application of TEST to selected enterprises.
2. Application of the TEST approach to 20 enterprises (four in each country) is immediate
objective two of the project and includes the following outputs:
(a) Selecting enterprises and securing their commitment to participate in the TEST project;
(b) Training of the TEST teams in the analytical techniques (enterprise viability survey,
cleaner production, industrial management, EST selection, sustainable enterprise strategy,
environmental management systems and investment promotion);
(c) Applying the TEST approach to 20 enterprises in order to identify the least cost solution
for complying not only with water related environmental norms, but also with other
environmental norms as required by EU Directive on Integrated Pollution Prevention and
Control. The TEST approach introduces enterprises to a sequential series of analytical
techniques for two reasons. One is that the sequential application of these techniques has
the greatest potential for identifying the least cost path to compliance with environmental
norms. The other is that application of cleaner production and industrial management
measures has often changed the perspective of the type of EST needed to come into
compliance with environmental norms. The change is usually a less costly configuration of
EST than originally envisaged before the application of the TEST approach.
The TEST approach starts with the enterprise viability assessment, which determines whether
the enterprise has the potential to remain in business for more than five years given its market position
and costs of production (Figure 2). If the answer is negative, an enterprise would no longer be
included in the project because new investment in the plant, which would include investment in EST,
would not be warranted. If the answer is positive, then the enterprise would proceed with a cleaner
production assessment which would identify pollutant reduction measures that an enterprise could
undertake using its own financial resources. If these CP measures are implemented, which would
demonstrate an enterprise's commitment to environmental improvement, then an industrial
management assessment is undertaken. If the plant implements the measures recommended in this
assessment, then the TEST team would proceed to an environmentally sound technology assessment.
If the industrial management options are not implemented, an enterprise would no longer be included
in the project.
At the end of these two assessments (cleaner production and industrial management), the
enterprise would have sufficient information about its production processes and problems to
undertake an environmentally sound technology assessment. The EST assessment would identify the
combination of best available techniques (combination of process change, pre-treatment and final
treatment) and best available practice (sectoral environmental control strategies and measures) that
would bring the enterprise into compliance with environmental norms. If the EST assessment
identifies a technically and financially feasible combination of technologies and these technologies are
available on acceptable terms to the enterprise, the TEST team would prepare a sustainable enterprise
strategy. If the EST assessment does not identify a satisfactory combination, then the enterprise would
be dropped out of the project.
The sustainable enterprise strategy would combine an updated business plan that includes the
financial justification for the EST investment, a social action plan on how to assist workers who
would potentially be made redundant as a result of technological modernization and a negotiated
environmental compliance schedule that reflects a common understanding between the enterprise and
environmental authority that the authority would not take enforcement actions against the facility as
long as it stayed on the proposed schedule for technological modification.
When the strategy is nearing finalization (agreement with labour unions and environmental
authorities), an enterprise would enter into the last two steps of the TEST approach. It would
formalize an environmental management system for its operations as most of the preparatory work for
setting up the system would have already been done in undertaking the earlier steps. And, it would
begin the process of investment negotiation, which moves either in the direction of finding a strategic
partner to bring into its operations or in the direction of approaching major lending institutions, such
as the World Bank and EBRD. If the former direction were envisaged (making a business alliance),
the enterprise would certainly want to include the proposed partner in finalization of its sustainable
enterprise strategy because the proposed partner would most likely have proposals that should be
taken into account in the revised business plan.
The design of the TEST approach is uniquely different from earlier and currently on-going
technical cooperation projects addressing industrial pollution in the Danube River Basin in two
aspects. First, continued participation of enterprises in the TEST programme is contingent upon
improving while assessing. This means that enterprises must implement at least some of the
improvements identified by each assessment before they proceed to the next assessment in the TEST
approach. For example, they must implement no and low cost cleaner production options identified
during the audit before proceeding to the industrial management assessment. Second, the TEST
approach is not the typical diagnostic study primarily undertaken by outside international and national
experts. Rather it is an integrated assessment and improvement project conducted by enterprise teams
under the guidance and supervision of outside international and national experts. The integrated
approach usually results in a greater number of improvement options generated and implemented than
the diagnostic approach.
Figure: 2 Test Approach
No
Enterprise Selected
Yes
No
Viability Assessment
Yes
No
Cleaner Production Assessment
Select
Yes
No
New
Industrial Management Assessment
Enterprises
Yes
Environmentally Sound Technology
No
Assessment
Yes
No
Sustainable Enterprise Strategy
Yes
No
Environmental Management System
Yes
No
Investment Negotiation
3. Dissemination of the TEST results achieved by the 20 enterprises to other enterprises in the five
participating countries and to other countries in the Danube River Basin is immediate objective
three of the project and includes the following outputs:
(a) Preparing marketing material for the TEST approach. The marketing material would
include the TEST manual along with case studies;
(b) Hosting national seminars in each of the five countries;
(c) Offering a one-day assessment at polluting enterprises to show them the potential benefits
of applying the TEST approach at their enterprises;
(d) Introducing the TEST approach to the six other Danubian countries.
Implementing the TEST approach will draw on several analytical methods that have been
developed/applied by UNIDO in other technical cooperation projects. These include those for
enterprise viability (Manual on Diagnostic and Industrial Restructuring), cleaner production, (Audit
and Reduction Manual for Industrial Emissions and Wastes), industrial management (Manual on
Diagnostic and Industrial Restructuring) environmentally sound technology assessments ( Interactive
Eco-Investment Decision Support Software and Manual on Technology Negotiation), environmental
management systems (ISO 14000 and Eco-Management and Audit Scheme) and investment
promotion (Investment Promotion Services/Agencies).
E. Reasons for UNDP/UNIDO assistance
UNIDO has the in-house capacity and historical experience (since 1966) to build capacity in
institutions in order to provide the integrated package of services needed for the successful transfer of
environmentally sound technology. Some of its relevant experience, with countries in transition, is
summarized below:
National Cleaner Production Center Programme in the Czech Republic, Hungary & Slovakia
(1994/96 - present; US$ 1.6 million): The objective of this joint UNIDO/UNEP programme is to build
capacity in developing country and countries in transition to provide five core cleaner
production/pollution prevention services (in-plant assessments, training, technical information,
financial options and policy advice). UNIDO/UNEP started the first phase of the programme in 1994
with the establishment of eight national cleaner production centers, two of which are in the Czech and
Slovak Republics. In the second phase, which started in 1996 and continues, seven more centers have
been started including one in Hungary. The Czech and Slovak centers built on a base of experts
trained by the World Cleaner Production Society, which was funded by the Government of Norway,
and have compiled a solid record of successful in-plant assessments and trained experts. Collectively,
the three Centres have completed approximately 185 in-plant cleaner production assessments, trained
about 600 factory workers in cleaner production assessment methods and have issued more than 30
publications to promote the concept of cleaner production.
Assistance to the Ministry of Industry to Establish Cleaner Production at Two Polluting Plants
at Copsa Mica in Romania: (US$ 250,000; 1994-1996): The objective of the project was to reduce the
toxic levels of industrial pollution through expert technical assistance and cleaner production
practices. A UNIDO team of international and Romanian specialists advised shutting down the carbon
black power plant, but rescued the metals shelter by cleaning it up. Management invested in filters to
extract polluting dust, furnace ventilators to absorb gases, a wastewater treatment plant to avoid
polluting the nearby river and equipment to analyze and monitor emissions. Company teams
introduced good housekeeping practices covering management, technical and environmental issues.
Managers and operators improved their know-how in emission control, trainers strengthened their
skills, and factories organized safety and anti-pollution teams. UNIDO introduced a programme of
basic industrial hygiene to reduce factory workers' pollutant intake and avoid contaminating family
members in their homes.
Promotion of Small and Medium Private Industries in Romania (US$ 2.5 million, 1992-1997):
The objective of the project was to foster the growth of private enterprises in Romania through a
business support network. UNIDO helped the Romanian Government set up a business development
center and a countrywide network of Jute Core Business Centers. Local counselors were trained to
appraise business and financial issues of concern to enterprises as well as financial institutions. The
role of the centers is to assist entrepreneurs in all aspects and phases of business: developing
marketing and management skills, drawing up a business plan, preparing feasibility studies and loan
applications and expanding operations. The project published the first-ever guide to starting
businesses in Romania. Sixteen business centres, established by the project outside Bucharest, have
continued to operate after the end of the project.
UK/UNIDO Restructuring Project in Poland (US$ 3.6 million; 1991-1996): The objective of
this project was to provide restructuring assistance to 20 medium sized enterprises in Poland. This
was considered a pilot project for Poland, as well as for the restructuring initiatives in the region.
The main activities were: (a) enterprise diagnoses and restructuring strategies; (b) capacity
strengthening at the Industrial Development Agency to undertake additional restructuring work; (c)
developing national management consulting capability; (d) management training for enterprise staff;
and (e) energy audits. Eighteen out of the 20 companies are now commercially viable and are seen as
growth companies.
Restructuring Assistance to Privatized SMIs in Romania (US$ 220,000; 1997-1998): The
objective of this project was to provide restructuring assistance, as well as management training, to
privatized SMEs. Under the first wave of the Romanian privatization, enterprises classified as Small
& Medium (200-1000 employees) were privatized through management and employee buyouts. The
new owners had limited capabilities to restructure as well as manage the enterprise as a commercial
entity. As part of this project, UNIDO trained six Romanian nationals on enterprise restructuring
methodology and provided restructuring assistance to eight recently privatized companies.
Restructuring Assistance to Istrochem in Slovakia (US$ 260,000; 1995-1996): The objective of
this project was to provide restructuring assistance, concentrating in the areas of restructuring
strategy, finance and marketing to Istrochem. Istrochem is a large chemical industrial complex located
in the outskirts of Bratislava, employing over 3500 people. Their activities range from explosives,
agro-chemicals, rubber additives, and plastics to synthetic fibers. The plant has now been privatized
and is commercially viable.
Preparatory Assistance to Enterprise Restructuring in Moldova (US$ 220,000; 1997-1998): The
objective of this project was to assist the government restructuring agency. The project undertook
analysis of restructuring needs of five enterprises, trained 20 national staff on restructuring
methodology and hosted a workshop on restructuring experiences and approaches.
Regional Business Development Centres in Bosnia (US$ 665,000; 1997-1999). The objective of
this project was to provide assistance to the private sector small and medium enterprises and
entrepreneurs to identify investment opportunities, appraise options, prepare business plans and apply
for available credit facilities. The project established regional business development centres in the
regional chambers of economy of Bihac, Mostar and Banja Luka.
Restructuring of Enterprises and Competitiveness Development in Albania (US$ 880,000; 1999
- 2001): The objective of this project is to assist the Albanian industrial sector to adjust to the
emerging market environment by enhancing competitiveness and profitability. The activities will
assist the interim restructuring of state enterprises as well as provide restructuring and
competitiveness development support to recently privatized enterprises.
F. Special considerations
UNIDO has adopted a new approach for designing technical cooperation programmes that
should enhance the contribution of industry to sustainable development and would most efficiently
utilize the financial resources available for technical cooperation. Briefly summarized, the new
approach identifies the main services that can address the cause (s) of critical problem(s) confronting
industrial development in a country. UNIDO has focused its technical cooperation activities around
16 service modules, all of which contain a discrete number of main services (see UNIDO Service
Modules [November 1998]).
The main UNIDO service for this project is capacity building for the transfer of EST within the
Cleaner Production module. This is the principal service because it addresses pollution problems as a
question of industrial production process modification and upgrading with the dual aims of
environmental compliance and competitiveness improvement. The most important complementary
service is pollution control (pretreatment and final treatment of pollutants) in the Pollution Control
and Waste Management module because process modification alone will not bring plants into
compliance with environmental norms. Other necessary complementary services are industrial
restructuring and upgrading in the Continuous Improvement and Quality module; selection and
operation of appropriate technologies in the Technical Skills Upgrading module; business advisory
service and incubators in the Entrepreneurship module; and formulation and appraisal of partnership
opportunities in the Investment and Technology Promotion module.
Internally, UNIDO has established a project design and management team with professional
staff members who represent each of the service modules. Each service module representative will be
responsible for training, recruitment and supervision of experts and evaluation of outputs. The team
leader will be a senior staff member in the Cleaner Production and Environmental Management
Branch.
G. Counterpart support capacity
Bulgaria
Organizational structure
The Clean Industry Center (CIC) was established as a separate operational unit of the Bulgarian
Industrial Association in September 1995 according to the cooperation agreement concluded with the
World Environment Center. The Association is the major business association in Bulgaria. It
represents companies, entrepreneurs and employers of the state, private, cooperative and municipal
sectors. The activities and objectives of the Associations' Environmental Policy are directly connected
with the efforts of industry to achieve sustainable development, minimize its impact on the
environment and raise overall production efficiency. In this respect, the CIC implements a diverse
range of activities and services, including quality and environmental management systems.
In plant assessments
The Center has completed the following activities: (a) waste minimization/cleaner production
programs have been undertaken at the Lead and Zinc Complex, Verily, Neftochim, Sofarma; (b)
implementation of ISO 14001, including management training and consultation and environmental
review including mass balances have been undertaken at Biovet Peshter; (c) feasibility studies have
been prepared for Sevlievo and Sevco tannery integrated WWTP; (d) environmental site assessment
(past contamination) under the privatization legal procedure have been prepared for MDK Pirdop
Union Minier, Lead and Zinc Complex, Kardjaly; and (e) technical services including gas leakage
measurements and consequent losses have been conducted for Neftochim.
Training
The Center has organized a series of seminars for the main industrialized areas in Bulgaria; for a
whole industrial branch (e.g., the pharmaceutical and the metallurgical sectors); for the regional and
branch associations that are members of the Bulgarian Industrial Association; for particular plants
such as: Neftochim-Burgas, Biovet-Peshtera and others. More than 200 representatives from industry,
municipalities and other sectors have been trained in Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
implementation at two-day seminars.
Information dissemination
CIC maintains databases on the air emissions, water discharges, solid waste and polluted soils for 400
major polluting companies and is supporting the establishment of the National Pollutants Release and
Transfer Register (Toxic Release Inventory). It has published the results of seminars, case studies,
pilot projects on CP and EMS and the publications are listed on the Center's homepage.
Policy Dialogue
The CIC facilitates dialog among industry, government and society, by encouraging, strengthening
and supporting the capabilities of the various industrial sectors in the formulation and implementation
of their own environmental policies. Two assessments have been produced on the industrial
restructuring and environmental performance of the Bulgarian industry and submitted to the Ministry
of Industry and Ministry of Environment. CIC is a leading party in the official adoption of ISO
140001 as an official Bulgarian Standard.
Croatia
Organizational Structure
The Croatian National Cleaner Production Center (Cro CPC) has been hosted by APO - Hazardous
Waste Management Agency, Zagreb since its inception in 1997. Its staff consists of two full time
professionals including the director and part time clerical support provided by the host institution.
The counterpart to the Centre is the Czech NCPC.
In-plant assessments
During the first long-term training, 11 CP demonstration projects in nine industrial companies were
undertaken. Participating companies represent various industrial sectors: chemical, food processing,
pharmaceutical, cosmetics and detergents, ceramics, electronics and adhesive tapes production.
During the second long-term training, nine industrial companies participated: food processing,
chemical, pharmaceutical, shipyards and thermal power plant. Ten in-plant assessments have been
initiated as part of the training.
Training
Since 1997 two long-term interactive "train the trainer" training courses have been organized.
Long-term training consists of three five-day workshops. Between the workshops the participants
undertook demonstration projects in their enterprises. Outputs of first training were that 32 experts
were awarded the professional development certificate in Environmental Management and Cleaner
Production, and 11 CP demonstration projects were completed in nine companies. The second training
course was completed in October 1999. In this course, 26 experts in CP and EMS were trained and 10
CP case studies were completed.
Information dissemination
Information dissemination is performed through long-term training and promotional seminars.
Besides the two long-term training courses, seven branches and five regional promotional seminars
have been organized by Cro CPC and the Croatian Chamber of Industry. Introductory and
promotional presentations have been given at the Chemical Engineers Society and the High Technical
School. CP has also been promoted by presentations at several national and international conferences
and symposia and by articles in national magazines dealing with waste management and environment.
Policy dialogue
Croatian CP experts have been involved in the process of environmental legislation making. The Cro
CPC participated in preparation of the National Environmental Strategy in 1999. At the request of the
Government, Cro CPC prepared two reports as part of the United Nations Economic Commission for
Europe (UNECE) project entitled "Environmental Performance Review: Croatia".
Hungary
Organizational structure
The National Cleaner Production Centre of Hungary (HCPC) started its operation in May 1997. It is
located in its host institution, the Budapest University of Economic Science and cooperates with a
number of national institutions involved in CP in Hungary. The office consists of five staff members,
including the director. The office staff works together with 8-10 national experts. A HCPC affiliate
(regional sub-centre) opened in Györ in June 1998. The counterpart to the Centre is STENUM,
Graz/Austria.
In-plant assessments
Five workshops have already been completed in two regional CP projects in Salgotarjan and Dorog
with 12 participating companies altogether. These projects were based on the Ökoprofit
methodology, which has been developed by STENUM, and were carried out in close cooperation with
the two municipalities. HCPC staff members also took part in a CP-EMS project in a Hungarian
brewery.
Training
In September 1998, the staff of the Centre and seven national experts took part in an in-depth CP
training, which was organized by STENUM in Graz/Austria. Six national experts have recently been
trained in Ökoprofit programmes. Preparatory work is under way for further training programmes.
CP has been included in the curriculum of environment management courses at the University of
Economics. One of the main tasks of the regional centre in Györ is to extend the training capacities of
the HCPC.
Information dissemination
The director and the staff of the centre have organized or participated in various CP awareness
seminars in Hungary. The HCPC and partners were present at an international fair in Budapest in
May 1998. Several presentations at various conferences have been made. The HCPC has set up an
Internet database on cleaner technologies. The HCPC organized the European Cleaner Production
Round Table in 1999.
Policy dialogue
The HCPC is participating in the establishment of a national accreditation body for EMS and is
member of the National Accreditation Committee. Also, the HCPC is taking part in the development
of economic and legal conditions in order to promote the CP concept, e.g. creation of an
environmental insurance system for companies, where the fee is based on the environmental
performance of the company. The director and staff members are taking part in a project initiated by
the Hungarian Academy of Sciences to develop the environmental strategy for the EU accession.
Romania
Organizational Structure
The Pollution Prevention Centre (PPC) of Romania is an independent, not-for-profit non-
governmental organization operating since 1995 as a civic association. Its initial funding came from
the U.S. Agency for International Development via the World Environment Centre, which has
supported several pollution prevention centres in Central and Eastern European and Baltic countries.
Financial support for the PPC from the World Environment Centre ended in March 1999. It is staffed
by six professionals, mostly engineers, and one of these is the executive director of the Centre. It is
housed in a modern office building with adequate computers and space in Bucharest.
In-plant Assessments
The PPC has undertaken three CP demonstration projects in the leather sector, which included
equipment and training in monitoring and analysis of wastewater discharge. The PPC has undertaken
eight CP projects in companies from different industrial sectors (metal finishing, steel processing,
metallurgy, wood processing, leather work), which included training in CP principles and were
continued by the companies which implemented a series of CP projects. In addition, the PPC has
undertaken six energy conservation demonstration projects, which included training in the use of
analytical equipment.
Training
The PPC has organized 11 workshops for the management staff of industrial plants. The plants
included the main industries in Romania, oil processing, chemicals, ferrous and non-ferrous metals,
leather tanning and pulp and paper. The workshops covered CP, energy conservation and EMS.
Information Dissemination
The PPC has written and distributed manuals on waste minimization (more than 200 copies), energy
conservation (more than 300 copies) and EMS (more than 150 copies). The PPC has published a
report that describes CP projects undertaken in Romania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Policy Dialogue
The PPC has proposed to the local Environmental Protection Agencies to make an inventory of
pollution sources and to encourage industry to adopt CP measures. The first phase of this inventory
will focus on major cities. In addition there are several joint activities with the Ministry of Waters,
Forests and Environment Protection, the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Public Health.
Slovakia
Organizational structure
The Slovak Cleaner Production Centre (SCPC) is an independent, not-for-profit non-governmental
organization operating since 1995 as a civic association affiliated with the Slovak University of
Technology in Bratislava. At its inception, the Centre received funds within the framework of the
Slovak-Norwegian Cleaner Production Programme and later also from other sources. The Centre is a
member of the PREPARE core group working in the European Union in the area of CP and of the
International Network of Environmental Management. The Centre represents Slovakia in activities of
ISO TC 207 Environmental Management. CP methods applied by the Centre are based upon the
experience of the counterpart institution STENUM, the Norwegian approach and the Center's own
activities. The focus is on small and medium size enterprises.
In-plant assessments
In April 1995, SCPC organized the first workshop for a regional assessment project in the city of
Martin. The ten participating companies represent various sectors, such as brewery, energy supply,
metallurgy (Martin Metal), agriculture, glass production (Skloobal Nemsovar), hospital and wood
furniture. In February 1996, the second regional assessment project started in the city of Trnava. Nine
companies from the agro-industry and the chemical industry sectors and the municipality of Trnava
participated in this project. In April 1997 the results of the Trnava project were officially presented. In
1997, a new EMS capacity building project was started by training consultants. In 1998
implementation of CP and EMS projects started in four companies.
Training
In November 1995, 11 Slovak experts participated in a five-day workshop on EMS organized by
STENUM. During the demonstration projects in Martin and Trnava, ten consultants received in-depth
training in CP. In total the Centre has trained 260 national CP experts, consultants and managers. In
1997 the SCPC created a Club of national CP experts and managers. In October 1997 a long-term
training course on EMS and CP was started. In 1998 the EMS+CP course focused on training of 20
national experts and implementation of EMS+CP in four national companies, to meet the demands of
ISO 14000. New projects, integrating CP, EMS and a health and safety management system, were
started as well. In October 1998 a joint training with Regional Training Centre for Basel Convention
was held for government representatives of 20 CEE and NIS countries.
Information dissemination
In its four years of operation, the SCPC has organized 32 CP workshops and introductory seminars for
participants from industry, services, municipalities and research and development institutions. It has
published a 28-page brochure on the Slovak CP programme, three newsletters and 33 articles in
bulletins and newspapers and has received press and radio coverage. The first conference on CP in
Slovakia was held in June 1996. At that time, the Club of Cleaner Production Experts and Managers
was formed. In September 1996, in cooperation with SUSTAIN Austria, the SCPC organized the
second Slovak Cleaner Production Conference and a conference on the Glass Industry and the
Environment. During the last two years, activities and results of the Centre were presented at 29
national conferences and seminars and 10 international events.
Policy Dialogue
SCPC has prepared several reports for the Government and the Ministry of Economy, the most
important ones being cleaner technologies in Slovak industry and development of biotechnologies. In
addition, it has proposed that the Ministry of Economy should include CP in its document on
industrial policy of Slovakia. This proposal was approved by the country's Parliament. Several joint
activities with the Ministry of Environment and the Agency for Environment Protection were
undertaken.
III. DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE
Significantly improved industrial environmental management by major industrial enterprises in
the Danube River Basin, resulting in major reductions in pollutant loadings and consequently risk to
the Danube River and Black Sea aquatic environments.
IV. IMMEDIATE COMPONENTS, OBJECTIVES, OUTPUTS AND ACTIVITIES
The implementation of the project will be subdivided into three operational components:
· Component I. Institutional Strengthening
· Component II. Entreprise Demonstrations
· Component III. Dissemination of Results
Under each component there is one major objective and several outputs.
The following tables in this section present the relationship among the components, objectives,
outputs, success criteria, activities, lead agencies, national counterparts, budget lines/associated US$
funds and project milestones.
The following table reflects the full level of funding needed to implement the project, which is a
combination of government inputs, GEF funds and Industrial Development Fund contributions to
UNIDO.
27
COMPONENT I. Institutional Strengthening0
Objective 1. Set up national focal points that would facilitate the transfer of ESTs to industrial enterprises in five Danubian countries
The first step for successful implementation of the project is to strengthen national focal points that would facilitate the transfer of ESTs to industrial enterprises in
five Danubian countries. The focal points will be working units within an already established NCPC or PCC. Success under this objective would be strengthened
institutional capacity to apply the TEST approach. The availability of the strengthened capacity would be measured in terms of the availability of trained national
team leaders and their deputies in the TEST approach, of operating information management systems and of a boards of advisors actively involved in enterprises
selection and oversight of activities.
Outputs:
Success criteria:
1. 1 TEST Focal Point3 initiated
· Team leader designated
· Advisory board set-up
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
1.1.1
Finalization of the country nominations for TEST
Host country/
programme lead institution and collaborating public/private
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to 17-05
1
sector.institutions/companies that will provide the national
UNIDO/PCU
experts.
1.1.2
Set up project advisory board from each of the participating
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to 17-05
1
institutions/companies.
UNIDO/PCU
1.1.3
Designate team leader for TEST team based on
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to 17-05
1
recommendation of advisory board with review by
UNIDO/PCU
UNIDO/PCU.
1.1.4
Set up TEST team office-recruit clerical support of needed.
NCP/PPC
17-01 to 17-05
1
__________________________________________________________
3 Functions: The focal points would serve as the country coordinator for the TEST project, implement the cleaner production module of the TEST programme and
disseminate the results of the TEST demonstrations to other factories; Management: The director of the NCPC/PPC is the overall manager of the programme; Working Methods:
These are the UNIDO methodologies for the seven components of the TEST programme (enterprise viability, cleaner production, industrial management, environmentally sound
technologies, sustainable enterprise strategy, environmental management systems and investment promotion); Premises: the existing offices of NCPCs/PPCs; Equipment: One PC
configuration; Resources provided by the project: Salary and expenses for the full-time professional staff member and salary for the half-time clerical/administrative assistant;
Customer/target group: The polluting enterprises identified in the TDA.
Outputs:
Success criteria:
1. 2 TEST team trained
· Training organized
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
1.2.1
Brief each team in country by UNIDO staff. Introduce TEST
UNIDO
16-00
2
methodology.
1.2.2
Train team leader and his/her deputy in one week TEST overview
32-00
2
workshop (briefly covers all methodological approaches) at UNIDO
UNIDO
headquarters by members of UNIDO in-house TEST team.
1.2.3
Participation of team leaders and his/her deputies in study tour to
32-00
2
selected European countries to see the potential of EST in the
UNIDO
sebsectors of most relevance for their situations.
Outputs:
Success criteria:
1. 3 Information management system setup
· Operational information
· Management system
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
1.3.1
Install equipment (PC, CD-ROM Reader, etc..).
NCPC/PPC
45-01
2
UNIDO/PCU
1.3.2
Establish Internet linkages with relevant databases and institutional
NCPC/PPC
3
Centre, EU, US as well as the ICPDR information systems
UNIDO/PCU
1.3.3
Find and assemble relevant sub-sectoral case studies about the
NCPC/PPC
3
successful implementation of ESTs. Information to be used in
UNIDO/PCU
marketing TEST programmes to enterprises as well as training TEST
team members.
1.3.4
Document relevant EU and national environmental standards for
UNIDO/PCU
3
pollution release into the environment.
NCPC/PPC
Outputs:
Success criteria:
1.4 Implementation schedule prepared
· Work plan prepared
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
1.4.1
Prepare work plan for immediate objective two.
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to 17-05
3
COMPONENT II. ENTREPRISE DEMONSTRATIONS
Objective 2. Apply the TEST approach to at least twenty enterprises located in the Danube River Basin
The outputs and activities under this objective are the core of the project. Under this objective national teams will apply the TEST approach in the five
countries in order to show 20 enterprises that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or perhaps enhance their competitive positions.
Success under this objective would be enterprise application of the TEST approach, both individual components and of all seven components. Successful
application would be measured in terms of at least 15 out of the 20 participating enterprises applying the full TEST approach to their operations and a larger
number of firms applying most of the seven components. In addition, there should be significant pollutant reduction (at least 30 per cent) by at least ten of the
20 enterprises and some pollutant reduction by the other ten enterprises at the end of the project. Full compliance with environmental norms will take additional
years because of the need to install the EST packages at the enterprises.
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.1 Twenty pilot enterprises selected to participate in TEST project.
· Twenty entreprises selected
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.1.1
Select potential participating enterprises.
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to 17-05
4
Exclude those already receiving international assistance.
2.1.2
Send letter and questionnaire to potential and select plants that could
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to 17-05
4
participate.
2.1.3
Interview those enterprises that indicate potential and select plants that
NCPC/PPC
16-00
5
could participate.
UNIDO/PPC
2.1.4
Secure letters of commitment from top management of enterprises to
NCPC/PPC
participate in project. Letter should designate enterprise team and its
availability for project, commit enterprise to implement low cost CP
and industrial management options and state its willingness to share
results with other enterprises.
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.2 Viability assessment (site survey) prepared for 20 pilot enterprises.
· Viability assessments prepared for 20 enterprises
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.2.1
Train national experts in UNIDO methodology for enterprise viability
11-51 to 11-52
6
assessment in order to have a uniform and proven methodology in all
UNIDO/IE
17-06 to 17-10
five countries. One week workshop.
17-11 to 17-15
32-00
2.2.2
Conduct a diagnostic of each enterprise from the stand point of
NCPC/PPC
11-51 to 11-52
7-8
products, markets, costs and revenue.
IE/NE
17-06 to 17-10
17-11 to 17-15
2.2.3
Based on the enterprise diagnostic, determine the strengths,
11-51 to 11-52
9
weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) relating to each
NCPC/PPC
17-06 to 17-10
enterprise and determine the enterprise competitive advantage. Identify IE/NE
17-11 to 17-15
specific measures necessary to enhance the competitive advantage and
secure enterprise future viability and profitability.
2.2.4
Based on these findings, TEST teams in consultation with board of
11-51 to 11-52
9
advisors and enterprises determine if pilot enterprises should continue
NCPC/PPC
17-06 to 17-10
in the project.
IE/NE
17-11 to 17-15
UNIDO/
NCPC/PPC
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.3 CP assessments prepared for 20 pilot enterprises.
· CP assessments prepared for 20 enterprises.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.3.1
Review with national experts the UNIDO methodology for cleaner
UNIDO/IE
11-53
9
production assessments (audits, option generation and implementation)
17-16 to 17-20
in order to have a uniform and proven methodology in all five
32-00
countries. Two day workshop.
2.3.2
Undertake cleaner production assessments to identify CP options.
NCPC/PPC
11-53 to 11-58
10
Prepare work plan for option implementation.
IE/NE
17-16 to 17-20
17-21 to 17-40
2.3.3
Assist enterprises over a three-month period implement cleaner
NCPC/PPC
11-54 to 11-58
11-13
production options that can be implemented within their own
IE/NE
17-16 to 17-20
resources. Document results.
17-21 to 17-40
2.3.4
Based on results obtained, TEST teams in consultation with board of
NCPC/PPC
11-53 to 11-58
14
advisors and enterprises determine if pilot enterprises should continue
IE/NE
17-16 to 17-20
in the project.
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.4 Industrial management assessments prepared for 20 pilot enterprises
· Industrial management assessments prepared for 20 enterprises
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.4.1
Train national experts in UNIDO methodology on industrial
management improvement (production planning and control, inventory UNIDO/IE
11-59
14
control, quality assurance, work study and productivity) in order to
17-41 to 17-45
have a uniform and proven methodology in all five countries. One
32-00
week workshop.
2.4.2
Undertake industrial management assessments to determine the extent
to which the enterprises are applying the appropriate industrial
NCPC/PPC
11-59
14
management techniques. Prepare work plan for option
IE/NE
17-41 to17- 45
implementation.
17-21 to 17-40
2.4.3
Assist enterprises over a three month period in implementing industrial
management improvements within their own resources in order to
NCPC/PPC
17-31 to17- 35
14-16
enhance operational performance. Document results.
IE/NE
17-21 to 17-40
2.4.4
Based on results obtained, TEST teams in consultation with board of
NCPC/PPC
11-59
16
advisors determine if pilot enterprises should continue in the project
IE/NE
17-41 to 17-45
UNIDO/
NCPC/PPC
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.5 An EST package identified and evaluated for 20 pilot enterprises.
· EST packages identified and evaluated for 20 pilot enterprises.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.5.1
Train national experts in the UNIDO approach to
environmentally sound technology assessment
UNIDO/IEs
11-60 to 11-62
15
(identification, evaluation, negotiation & financial analysis in order to
17-46 to 11-50
have a uniform and proven methodology in all five countries. Two
32-00
week course.
2.5.2
Work with each enterprise to identify potential combinations of
NCPC/PPCs
advanced process and wastewater and air pollution control
IEs/NEs
11-60
16-17
technologies that would bring plants into compliance with major
11-63 to 11-67
environmental norms and at the same time contribute to the extent
17-46 to 11-50
possible to improved productivity.
17-51 to 11-70
2.5.3
Evaluate from financial (using UNIDO software, COMFAR) and
environmental points of view the EST proposals and select the most
NCPC/PPCs
11-61
18
suitable one. Prepare detailed project profile.
IEs/NEs
17-46 to 11-50
2.5.4
Negotiate with technology suppliers the availability, costs and
conditions of selected EST packages.
NCPC/PPCs
11-62
19
IEs/NEs
17-46 to 11-50
2.5.5
TEST teams in consultation with their board of advisors select
enterprises to continue participation in the project.
NCPC/PPC
11-60 to 11-62
19
IE/NE
17-46 to 11-50
UNIDO/
17-51 to 11-70
NCPC/PPC
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.6 Sustainable Enterprise Strategies finalized for 20 pilot enterprises.
· Sustainable Enterprises Strategies finalized for 20 pilot
enterprises.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.6.1
Train national experts in UNIDO formats and aspects of Sustainable
Enterprise Strategy (business plans, social action commitments and
UNIDO
11-68 to 11-70
18
negotiated environmental compliance schedules) in order to have a
IEs
17-71 to 17-85
uniform and proven methodology in all five countries. One week
32-00
workshop.
2.6.2
Prepare draft reports for the participating enterprises with the
enterprise teams and other appropriate groups. For business plans,
NCPCs/
11-68 to 11-70
20-23
involve top management and board of directors of company in
PPCs
17-71 to 17-85
reviewing the investment requirements and production cost
IEs/NEs
implications of the selected EST option. For social action
commitments, involve unions and local communities. For
environmental compliance schedules, involve national/local
environmental regulatory authorities.
2.6.3
Review of strategies/plans/reports by IEs and NEs from all five
TEST Teams
11-68 to 11-70
24
countries.
IE/NE
17-71 to 17-85
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
2.6.4
Present business plan to company board of directors, social action
NCPCs/PPCs
25
commitment report to enterprise union and community and
environmental compliance schedule to national environmental
authorities to secure formal written agreement with the plans/reports.
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.7 EMS designed for 20 pilot enterprises.
· EMS designed for 20 pilot enterprises.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.7.1
Train national experts in UNIDO methodology for EMS in order to
11-71
24
have a uniform and proven methodology in all five countries. One
UNIDO/IE
17-86 to 17-90
week workshop.
32-00
2.7.2
Undertake EMS assessments for each potentially participating
24
enterprise with enterprise team. Prepare work plan for system
NCPC/PPC/IE/NE
11-71
implementation.
17-86 to 17-90
2.7.3
Assist enterprises over a three month period to implement EMSs.
17-86 to 17-90
25-28
UNIDO/ NCPC/PPC
IE/NE
2.7.4
Apply for ISO 14000 or EMAS certification.
Enterprise
11-71
28
Outputs:
Success criteria:
2.8 Investment Promotion Packages proposed for 20 pilot enterprises.
· Investment Promotion Packages proposed for 20 pilot enterprises.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
2.8.1
Review business plans that include the investment requirements and
the production costs implications of the endorsed EST option.
UNIDO/
17-01 to 05
26
NCPC/PPC
17-71 to 75
2.8.2
List proposals with UNIDO Investment Promotion Offices (IPS) as
well as put forward to multilateral funding groups, World Bank,
UNIDO
26
EBRD, GEF and EU.
2.8.3
Organize meetings between enterprises and potential financing
sources.
UNIDO
21-00
27
NCPC/PPC
COMPONENT III. Diffusion of Results
Objective 3. Diffusion of experience with the twenty pilot enterprises to other enterprises in the five participating countries and to other Danubian
countries
The ultimate aim of the project is to persuade other polluting enterprises in the Danube that national institutions are available and capable of assisting them to
devise cost effective plans for compliance with environmental norms. Success under this objective would be wide spread awareness and demand for the TEST
approach among the major industrial enterprises causing
Outputs:
Success criteria:
3.1 National seminars held in five countries.
· National seminars held in five countries.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
3.1.1
Prepare national summaries of experience of undertaking TEST
project for participating enterprises, highlighting lessons learned and
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to17- 05
26
impacts on the future of the enterprises.
3.1.2
Hold five national seminars to disseminate results.
NCPC/PPC
33-00
28
Outputs:
Success criteria:
3.2 Revised TEST manual with country case studies.
· TEST manual printed.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
3.2.1
Prepare revised manual with case studies.
UNIDO
17-01 to 05
29
NCPC/PPC
3.2.2
Circulate manual for review by all IEs and NEs for comment as well
as internal UNIDO review.
UNIDO
29
NCPC/PPC
3.2.3
Finalize manual and print.
UNIDO
51-00
29
NCPC/PPC
Outputs:
Success criteria:
3.3 Twenty five enterprises offered one day introductory TEST seminars.
· Twenty five enterprises participated in seminars.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
3.3.1
Identify 25 enterprises from 5 countries.
NCPC/PPC
17-01 to 05
30
3.3.2
Introduce TEST to enterprises.
NCPC/PPC
15-00
30
3.3.3
Evaluate 25 reviews.
NCPC/PPC
31
Outputs:
Success criteria:
3.4 Regional seminars held to present results of TEST application.
· Regional seminars held.
Activities:
Responsible parties
Budget line
Schedule (months)
3.4.1
Hold regional seminar for nine countries (including the five
participating countries) to present results and determine
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
33-00
32
interest/capacity building needs for undertaking TEST programme in
other Danubian countries.
3.4.2
Prepare requests for technical assistance as needed.
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
33
3.4.3
Prepare report on seminar.
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
33
Outputs:
Success criteria:
3.5 Teams identified and trained in four other Danubian countries.
· Four TEST teams trained
Activities:
Responsible partiesrs
Budget line
Schedule (months)
3.5.1
Identify team members in four other countries with input from country
programme coordinators, NCPC/PPC, UNIDO national focal points
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
33
and UNIDO staff.
3.5.2
Hold one week training course on TEST approach using selected
national experts from the five participating countries.
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
33-00
34
Selected NCPC/PPC
3.5.3
Match one team from each participating country with new team from
another country.
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
34
3.5.4
Mission to each country to advise on enterprise selection and
application of TEST approach.
UNIDO/NCPC/PPC
16-00
35
3.5.5
Provide limited technical advice as requested by new teams from the
teams in the five participating countries.
NCPC/PPCs
17-01 to 05
35-36
V. INPUTS
A. Government Inputs
· The national programme coordinators for the Convention will provide all necessary
information and facilitate dialogue with enterprises that will participate in the project.
· The NCPCs/PPCs will provide clerical support and office space and make available already
established data bases on cleaner technology and contacts with national experts that could
participate in the project.
B. GEF Inputs
The GEF has been requested to fund US$ 900,000 of project expenses (plus 10 per cent
AOS). The GEF funds will be allocated as follows: US$ 220,000 for international experts; US$
520,000 for national expertrs/support staff; US$ 100,000 for training and US$ 60,000 for
travel/evaluation mission(s).
C. UNDP BUDGET
PROJECT
NUMBER:
BL
DESCRIPTION
TOTAL
AOS
p/m
2001
AOS
p/m
2002
AOS
p/m
2003
AOS
TOTAL
10
PROJECT
PERSONNEL
11
International Experts
11-50
International Consultants
216,000
12.0
216,000
11
Sub-total
216,000
12.0
216,000
15
Monitoring & Evaluation
15-01
Duty travel
30,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
15-99
Sub-Total
30,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
16
Mission Costs
16-02
UNIDO
30,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
16
Sub Total
30,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
17
National Experts
17-01
Project leader
72,000
36.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
17-02
Project leader
72,000
36.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
17-03
Project leader
72,000
36.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
17-04
Project leader
72,000
36.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
17-05
Project leader
72,000
36.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
12.0
24,000
17-50
National Consultants
164,000
54.0
104,000
20.0
60,000
17
Sub Total
524,000
234
224,000
80.0
180,000
60.0
120,000
19
COMPONENT TOTAL
800,000
246
460,000
80.0
200,000
60.0
140,000
32-
TRAINING
32-01
Workshops
100,000
50,000
25,000
25,000
39
COMPONENT TOTAL
100,000
50,000
25,000
25,000
93
UNIDO Support Costs
90,000
51,000
22,500
16,500
99
GRAND TOTAL
990,000
106.0
510,000
80.0
225,000
60.0
165,000
VI. RISKS
(1.) Major risks
a. The environmental authorities in the participating countries may not enforce the
environmental norms that are necessary to protect the environment. If they fail to enforce
norms, there may not be sufficient incentives to participated in the TEST project The risk
additional incentive to implement pollutant reduction programmes.
b. The EST options (combine process and pollution control technologies) identified for
some of the 20 plants may be too costly. If implemented by these enterprises, they would
no longer be profitable operations. This risk is acceptable because there is considerable
evidence that compliance with environmental regulations is not excessive (see section B.
4).
c. Financing may not be available for the enterprises to implement the identified EST
option. This risk is acceptable both because there are a number of programmes providing
financial support for environmental investments and the enterprises themselves must
begin to address environmental problems with their own resources if they are to stay in
operation.
(2) Minor risks
a. Some of the participating enterprises may drop out of the TEST programme, diminishing
the number of plant demonstrations undertaken during the project. This happened in the
case of the PHARE programme on Clean Technology with one plant. This risk can be
monitored and probably avoided by the NCPC/PPCs by maintaining a continuous
dialogue with the enterprises about their concerns with project activities.
VII. PRIOR OBLIGATIONS AND PREREQUISITES
The participating governments have provided official country requests for the UNIDO project
and endorsements for GEF funding. The host institutions for the project in each country will make in-
kind contributions. The country programme coordinators for the ICPDR will serve as the official link
between the project and the overall work plan of the ICPDR. There are no further prerequisites or
obligations to be fulfilled prior to UNIDO approval of the project.
VIII. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK, CO-ORDINATION AND ADMINISTRATION
The programme will be executed by UNIDO in close cooperation with the ICPDR and the
PCU, whose organizational arrangements were described in section A.4. (Figure 3). The UNIDO
Project Manager will be responsible for insuring coordination with other technical assistance activities
addressing industrial pollution in the Danube and for routine monitoring of the activities of the TEST
focal points in the five countries as well as keeping the PMTF informed of the progress in
implementing the TEST programme.
Internally, UNIDO has established a programme design and management team with
professional staff members who represent each of the service modules. Each service module
representative will be responsible for training, recruitment and supervision of experts and evaluation
of outputs The team leader will be a senior staff member in the Cleaner Production and
Environmental Management Branch.
There were two criteria for selecting the five countries that will participate in the first phase of
the TEST programme One is that the country has an operating cleaner production centre or its
equivalent. Six of the 11 countries, in which the PRP identified enterprises significantly contributing
to pollution of the Danube River, have an established cleaner production centre or its equivalent
(Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Romania and Slovakia). The other criteria is that there is a
significant number of polluting industrial enterprises (at least five) to participate in the first phase of
the TEST programme. The Czech Republic was not included because the PRP identified only a few
industrial hot spots and they have already begun implementation of pollutant reduction measures.
cleaner production services (in-plant demonstrations, training, information and policy advice) to
industry. All of the centres have the necessary office facilities and equipment that will be needed by
the project.
The TEST focal points in each country will establish a Board of Advisors. Members of the
Board of Advisors will include the country programme coordinators for the Convention, ministries of
industry and environment, industry associations and financial institutions likely to be able to draw on
World Bank and EBRD funds. At least one NGO working with the Danube Environmental Forum
will be on the Board of Advisors in each country.
Figure 3: Coordination Arrangements
ICPDR
UNIDO/PCU
Board of Advisors in 5
Clean Production Centres
countries including ICPDR
Bulgaria/Croatia/Hungary/
representatives
Romania/Slovakia
IX. PROJECT REVIEWS, REPORTING AND EVALUATION
(a)
The project will be subject to review (joint review by representatives of the government,
UNIDO, UNDP and Member State donors) at least every 12 months, the first meeting to be
held after the first 12 months of the start of full implementation. The directors of the NCPCs
and PPCs and the senior UNIDO project officer shall prepare and submit to the respective
governments, UNIDO and UNDP management and Member State donors, at least three
months before each review, an Annual Project Report (APR)/Project Progress Report (PPR)
for each country in line with the established guidelines of UNDP and UNIDO.
(b)
Project terminal reports will be prepared for consideration at the terminal review meetings.
They shall be prepared in draft sufficiently in advance to allow review and technical clearance
by the executing agencies at least four months prior to the terminal review.
(c)
The project shall be subject to a joint in-depth evaluation with the participation of the
donor/UNIDO/UNDP and representatives of the recipient governments. The organization,
terms of reference and timing (approximately 16 to 18 months after the inception of the
project) will be decided after consultation among the parties involved in the project.
X. EXPECTED FOLLOW-UP
It is expected that at the end of project, the TEST focal points (NCPCs/PPCs) will have the
capacity to apply the TEST approach to other enterprises identified in the TDA. It is also possible that
a similar project will start to build capacity within the remaining Danubian countries.
XI. LEGAL CONTEXT
This Project Document shall be the instrument referred to as such in Article 1 of the Standard
Basic Assistance Agreement between the Government of those participating countries which have
signed such Agreement and the United Nations Development programme.
The following types of revisions may be made to this project document with the signature of the
Principal Project Resident Representative (PPRR) only, provided he or she is assured that the other
signatories of the project document have no objections to the proposed changes:
1. Revision in, or addition of, any of the annexes of the project document.
2. Revisions which do not involve significant changes in the immediate objectives, outputs or
activities of the project, but are caused by the rearrangement of the inputs already agreed to or
by cost increases due to inflation.
3. Mandatory annual revisions which rephrase the delivery of agreed project inputs or increased
expert or other costs due to inflation or take into account agency expenditure flexibility.
XII. ANNEXES
Annex I:
Job Descriptions
Annex II:
Work-plan
Annex III:
Budget sheets
Annex IV: Major Manufacturing Discharges identified by the GEF Danube River Basin
Pollution Reduction Programme, 1998 for Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary,
Romania and Slovakia
Annex V: Contact information for NCPCs/PPs
Annex VI: Government requests (Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Slovak Republic,
Romania)
ANNEX I
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-51
Post Title:
Expert in Marketing of Manufactured Products
Duration:
3.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and two missions to each of five
Countries)
Date Required:
Months 6 to 9
Duty stations:
Vienna and various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
Activity
1. Offer one week course in viability assessment
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.2.1
along with expert 11-52
experts
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
5 weeks
Various
Viability
2.2.2
workshops and initial plant investigations along
locations in
assessments
with expert 11-52
five countries
initiated at 20
plants
3. At each plant review the draft final viability
5 weeks
Various
Viability
2.2.3
assessment along with expert 11-52
locations in
assessments
five countries completed at 20
plants
4. Provide advice as requested to TEST team and
1 week
Home based Written comments
2.2.4
advisory board in each country
to TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced degree in marketing with proven track record in assessing market potential
for manufactured products. At least 10 years experience in field.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-52
Post Title:
Expert in Cost Accounting for Manufactured Products
Duration:
3.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and two missions to each of five
Countries)
Date Required:
Months 6 to 9
Duty stations:
Vienna and various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
Activity
1. Offer one week course in viability assessment along
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.2.1
with expert 11-51
experts
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
5 weeks
Various
Viability
2.2.2
workshops and initial plant investigations along
locations assessments initiated
with expert 11-51
in five
at 20 plants
countries
3. At each plant review the draft final viability
5 weeks
Various
Viability
2.2.3
assessment along with expert 11-51
locations
assessments
in five
completed at 20
countries
plants
4. Provide advice as requested to TEST team and
1 week
Home
Written comments to
2.2.4
advisory board in each country
based
TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced degree in cost accounting with proven track record in cost accounting for
manufactured products At least 10 years experience in field including experience with factories in
Central and Eastern Europe.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-53
Post Title:
Expert in Cleaner Production Assessments
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and one mission to each of five
countries)
Date Required:
Months 9 to 14
Duty stations:
Vienna and various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
Activity
1. Offer two day course in advanced techniques in
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.3.1
cleaner production assessments
experts
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
2 weeks
Various
Cleaner production
2.3.2
workshops and initiating cleaner production
locations assessments initiated
assessments in participating plants
in five
at 20 plants
countries
3. Review draft final cleaner production assessments
3 days
Various
Evaluation of the
2.3.3
locations
progress made in
in five
implementing CP
countries options at 20 plants
4. Provide advice as requested to TEST team and
2 days
Home
Written comments to
2.3.4
advisory board in each country
based
TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in engineering or science with proven track record in
cleaner production assessments for manufactured products. At least 10 years experience in field.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodology for implementing this output is described in the "Audit and Reduction
Manual for Industrial Emissions and Wastes".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-54
Post Title:
Sub-sector Expert in Cleaner Production/Industrial Management
(Fertilizer)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission of 3 weeks to five countries and one week
Home-based)
Date Required:
Months 10 to 14
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
Activity
1. Comment on CP options identified in initial CP
2 days
Home-
Written evaluation
2.3.3
assessments for similar sub-sector plants
based
of CP assessments
2.4.2
2. Conduct option generation sessions at similar sub-
3weeks
Various
Written report on
2.3.2
sector plants in five countries as needed along with
locations
options identified
2.4.2
expert 11-53 if possible
in five
countries
3. Assess if satisfactory progress made by plants in
3 days
Home-
Written report on
2.3.3
implementing CP options
based
progress in
2.4.3
implementation of
CP/IM options
Qualifications: Advanced engineering degree in specified sub-sector field. At least 10 years
experience in field and proven track record advising on CP assessments
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodologies for implementing this output are described in the "Audit and Reduction
Manual for Industrial Emissions and Wastes" and "Manual on Diagnostic and Industrial
Restructuring".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-55
Post Title:
Sub-sector Expert in Cleaner /Industrial Management (Chemical)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission of 3 weeks to five countries and one week
home-based)
Date Required:
Months 10 to 14
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected Location Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Comment on CP/IM options identified in
2 days
Home- Written evaluation
2.3.3
initial CP assessments for similar sub-sector
based
of CP assessments
2.4.2
plants
2. Conduct option generation sessions at similar
3weeks
Various Written report on
2.3.2
sub-sector plants in five countries as needed
locations options identified
2.4.2
along with expert 11-53 if possible
in five
countries
3. Assess if satisfactory progress made by plants
3 days
Home-
Written report on
2.3.3
in implementing CP options
based
progress in
2.4.3
implementation of
CP/IM options
Qualifications: Advanced engineering degree in specified sub-sector field. At least 10 years
experience in field and proven track record advising on CP assessments
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodologies for implementing this output are described in the "Audit and Reduction
Manual for Industrial Emissions and Wastes" and "Manual on Diagnostic and Industrial
Restructuring".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-56
Post Title:
Sub-sector Expert in Cleaner Production/Industrial Management
(Metallurgical)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission of 3 weeks to five countries and one week
home-based)
Date Required:
Months 10 to 14
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Expected
Related
Main duties
Location
Expected results
duration
activity
1. Comment on CP/IM options identified in initial CP
2 days
Home-based
Written evaluation of
2.3.2
assessments for similar sub-sector plants
CP/IM assessments
2.4.2
2. Conduct option generation sessions at similar sub-sector
3 weeks
Various
Written report on
2.3.2
plants in five countries as needed along with expert 11-53
locations in five
options identified
2.4.2
if possible
countries
3. Assess if satisfactory progress made by plants in
3 days
Home-based
Written report on
2.3.3
implementing CP options
progress in
2.3.4
implementation of
CP/IM options
Qualifications: Advanced engineering degree in specified sub-sector field. At least 10 years
experience in field and proven track record advising on CP assessments
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of oncern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodologies for implementing this output are described in the "Audit and Reduction
Manual for Industrial Emissions and Wastes" and "Manual on Diagnostic and Industrial
Restructuring".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-57
Post Title:
Sub-sector expert in Cleaner Production/Industrial Management
(pharmaceutical)
Duration:
10 w/m (one mission of 3 weeks to five countries and one week home-
based)
Date Required:
Months 10 to 14
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Comment on CP/IM options identified in initial
2 days
Home-
Written evaluation
2.3.2
CP assessments for similar sub-sector plants
based
of CP assessments
2.4.2
2. Conduct option generation sessions at similar
3 weeks
Various
Written report on
2.3.2
sub-sector plants in five countries as needed
locations
options identified
2.4.2
along with expert 11-53 if possible
in five
countries
3. Assess if satisfactory progress made by plants in
3 days
Home-
Written report on
2.3.3
implementing CP/IM options
based
progress in
2.4.3
implementation of
CP/IM options
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in industrial management. At least 10 years experience
in field.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodologies for implementing this output are described in the "Audit and
Reduction Manual for Industrial Emissions and Wastes" and "Manual on Diagnostic and
Industrial Restructuring".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-58
Post Title:
Sub-sector expert in Cleaner Production/Industrial Management
(Pulp and paper)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission of three weeks to five countries and one
week home-based)
Date Required:
Months 10 to 14
Duty stations:
Vienna and various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Comment on CP/IM options identified in initial CP/IM
2 days
Home-based Written evaluation of
2.3.2
assessments for similar sub-sector plants
CP/IM assessments
2.4.2
2. Conduct option generation sessions at similar sub-
3 weeks
Various
Written report on
2.3.2
sector plants in five countries as needed along with
locations in
options identified
2.4.2
expert 11-53 if possible
five countries
3. At each plant evaluated the EST configuration selected
3 days
Home-based
Written report on
2.3.3
progress in
2.4.3
implementation of
CP/IM options
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in engineering or science with proven track record in
cleaner production assessments for manufactured products. At least 10 years experience in field.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodologies for implementing this output are described in the "Audit and
Reduction Manual for Industrial Emissions and Wastes" and "Manual on Diagnostic and
Industrial Restructuring".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-59
Post Title:
Expert in Industrial Management
Duration:
3.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and two missions to each of countries)
Date Required:
Months 11 to 16
Duty stations:
Vienna and home based
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
Main duties
duration
activity
1. Offer one week course in industrial assessment
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.4.1
experts
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
5 weeks
Various
Industrial management
2.4.2
workshops and initiating plant assessment
locations in
assessments initiated at
five countries
20 plants
3. At each plant review the draft final industrial
5 weeks
Various
Progress in
2.4.3
management assessment
locations in
implementing
five countries
recommendations
assessed at 20 plants
4. Provide advice as requested to TEST team and
1 weeks
Home-based
Written comments to
2.4.4
advisory board in each country
TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in industrial management. At least 10 years experience
in field.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodology for implementing this output is described in the "Manual on Diagnostic
and Industrial Restructuring".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-60
Post Title:
Expert in Environmentally Sound Technology Assessment
Duration:
3.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and two missions to each of
countries)
Date Required:
Months 15 to 19
Duty stations:
Vienna and various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Offer two week course in environmentally sound
2 weeks
Vienna
Trained national
2.5.1
technology (EST) assessment with input from 11-61
experts
and 11-62
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
4 weeks
Various
EST assessments
2.5.2
workshops and initiating EST assessments in
locations in
initiated at 20 plants
participating plants
five
countries
3. At each plant evaluate the EST configuration selected
4 weeks
Various
Written evaluation of
2.5.2
locations in
EST configuration
five
selected
countries
4. Provide advice in technology negotiation process as
1 week
Home-based Written comments to
2.5.4
needed
11-60 and plants
5. Provide advice as needed to TEST team and advisory
1 week
Home-based Written comments to
2.5.5
board in each country
TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in engineering or science with proven track record in
cleaner production assessments for manufactured products. At least 10 years experience in field.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodology for implementing this output is described in the documentation for the
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-61
Post Title:
Expert in Financial Evaluation of Investment Options
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and home-based)
Date Required:
Months 15-18
Duty stations:
Vienna and home-based
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Contribute to two week course on
1 weeks
Vienna
Trained national experts
2.5.1
environmentally sound technology
(EST) assessment organized by 11-
60 and with input also from 11-60
2. Review financial feasibility 2.5 weeks
Home-based
Financial analyses evaluated
2.5.2
analyses for the selected EST
configurations
3. Provide advice as needed to TEST
0.5 week
Home-based
Written comments
2.5.5
team and advisory board as needed
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in business administration with specialization in
financial analysis. At least 10 years experience in field.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodology for implementing this financial analysis in this output is described in the
"COMFAR" manual.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-62
Post Title:
Expert in Technology Negotiation
Duration:
2.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and one mission to each of five
countries)
Date Required:
Months 15-19
Duty stations:
Vienna, various locations in five countries and home-based
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Contribute to two week course in
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.5.1
environmentally sound technology
experts
(EST) assessment organized by 11-
60 with input also from 11-61
2. Provide advice to plants on how to
4 weeks
Various locations
Technology
2.5.4
negotiate for the EST configuration
in five countries negotiation advice
selected
provided
3. Provide additional support in
2 weeks
Home-based
Written advice
2.5.4
technology negotiation process as
provided
requested
4. Provide advice to TEST team and
1 week
Home-based
Written comments
2.5.5
advisory board in each country
to TEST teams
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in relevant business field. . At least 15 years
experience in field, with at least five with EST negotiations. Experience in Central and European
countries would be useful.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
The UNIDO methodology for implementing the technology negotiation component is described in the
UNIDO "Manual on Technology Negotiation".
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-63
Post Title:
Expert in Sub-Sector Technology (fertilizer)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission covering five countries)
Date Required:
Months 16-17
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Advice participating fertilizer plants on the
3 weeks
Various
EST options
2.5.2
available EST options
locations in five
generated and
countries
evaluated on basis of
technical performance
2. Provide advice to EST expert (11-60) and
1 week
Home-based
Written evaluations of
2.5.4
technology negotiator (11-62) as requested
requests
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in chemical engineering and specialization in fertilizer
manufacturing. At least 15 years experience in field, with at least five with EST selection. Experience
in Central and European countries would be useful.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-64
Post Title:
Expert in Sub-Sector Technology (chemical)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission covering five countries)
Date Required:
Months 16-17
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
Main duties
duration
activity
1. Advice participating chemical plants on
3 weeks
Various
EST options
2.5.2
the available EST options
locations in five
presented and
countries
evaluated on basis of
technical
performance
2. Provide advice to EST expert (11-60) and
1 week
Home-based
Written evaluations
2.5.4
technology negotiator (11-62) as
of requests
requested
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in chemical engineering. At least 15 years experience in
field, with at least five years with EST selection. Experience in Central and European countries would
be useful.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-65
Post Title:
Expert in Sub-Sector Technology (metallurgical)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission covering five countries)
Date Required:
Months 16-17
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Advice participating metallurgical plants
3 weeks
Various
EST options presented and
2.5.2
on the available EST options
locations in
evaluated on basis of
five countries
technical performance
2. Provide advice to EST expert (11-60) and
1 week
Home-based
Written evaluations of
2.5.4
technology negotiator (11-62) as
requests
requested
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in metallurgical engineering. At least 15 years
experience in field, with at least five years with EST selection. Experience in Central and European
countries would be useful.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 169 industrial
enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; of these 49 were
designated as high priority for pollution reduction efforts. There is a lack of convincing practical
demonstrations with either the smaller set of 49 high priority enterprises or the larger set of 169
enterprises of concern that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. The UNIDO programme on Transfer of Environmentally
Sound Technology (TEST) proposes to build capacity in existing cleaner production institutions in
five Danubian country to apply the UNIDO integrated systematic approach, drawing on its extensive
experience in several fields of assistance to industry, to 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance
is to bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention, at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading within enterprises. The enhanced
institutional capacity would then be available to assist other priority plants in these countries as well
as other Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-66
Post Title:
Expert in Sub-Sector Technology (pharmaceutical)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission covering five countries)
Date Required:
Months 16-17
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
3. Advice participating pharmaceutical
3 weeks
Various
EST options presented and
2.5.2
plants on the available EST options
locations in
evaluated on basis of
five countries
technical performance
4. Provide advice to EST expert (11-60) and
1 week
Home-based
Written evaluations of
2.5.4
technology negotiator (11-62) as
requests
requested
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in pharmaceutical engineering. At least 15 years
experience in field, with at least five years with EST selection. Experience in Central and European
countries would be useful.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-67
Post Title:
Expert in Sub-Sector Technology (pulp and paper)
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission covering five countries)
Date Required:
Months 16-17
Duty stations:
Various locations in five countries
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
5. Advice participating pulp and paper
3 weeks
Various
EST options presented and
2.5.2
plants on the available EST options
locations in
evaluated on basis of
five countries
technical performance
6. Provide advice to EST expert (11-60) and
1 week
Home-based
Written evaluations of
2.5.4
technology negotiator (11-62) as
requests
requested
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in pulp and paper engineering. At least 15 years
experience in field, with at least five years with EST selection. Experience in Central and European
countries would be useful.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-68
Post Title:
Expert in Business Plan Preparation
Duration:
2.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and one mission to each of 5 countries).
Date Required:
Months 18 to 25
Duty stations:
Vienna, various locations in five countries and home-based
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected Location Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Offer one-week course in Sustainable
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.6.1
Enterprise Strategy (SES) along with experts
experts
11-69 and 11-70. Team coordinator
2. Assist national experts in conducting
3 weeks
Various
Business plan
2.6.2
introductory workshops in each of five
locations component of SES
countries and responding to enterprise specific
in five
initiated at each
situations
countries
enterprise
3. Review business plan component of SES
3 weeks
Home-
Business plan
2.6.3
prepared by companies
based
component of SES
evaluated
4. Respond to questions about SES addressed to
1 week
Home Written comments
2.6.4
TEST team
based
to TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced degree in business with a specialization in preparation of business plans.
At least 10 years experience in field with some experience in incorporating EST options into business
plans. Successful experience with Central and Eastern European enterprises is essential.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-69
Post Title:
Expert in Social Action Plan Preparation
Duration:
4.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and two missions to each of five
countries)
Date Required:
Months 18 to 25
Duty stations:
Vienna; various locations in five countries and home-based
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity1
1. Offer one-week course in Sustainable Enterprise
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.6.1
Strategy (SES) along with experts 11-68 and 11-70
experts
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
8 weeks
Various
Social action plan
2.6.2
workshops in each of five countries and responding
locations
component of SES
to enterprise specific situations
in five
initiated at each
countries
enterprise
3. Review social action plan component of SES
6 weeks
Various
Social action plan
2.6.3
prepared by companies
locations
component of SES
in five
evaluated
countries
4. Respond to questions about SES addressed to TEST
1 week
Home-
Written comments to
2.6.4
team
based
TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced degree in relevant social science field. At least 10 years experience in
working with enterprises to assist their redundant workforces. Successful experience in this field with
Central and Eastern European enterprises essential.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-70
Post Title:
Expert in Negotiated Environmental Compliance
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and one mission to each of 5 countries)
Date Required:
Months 18-25
Duty stations:
Vienna; various locations in five countries and home-based
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity
1. Offer one-week course in Sustainable Enterprise
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.6.1
Strategy (SES) along with experts 11-68 and 11-69.
experts
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
2 weeks
Various
Negotiated
2.6.2
workshops in each of five countries and responding
locations
environmental
to enterprise specific situations
in five
compliance
countries
component of SES
initiated at each
enterprise
3. Review negotiated environmental compliance
3 days
Home-
Negotiated
2.6.3
schedule in SES prepared by companies
based
environmental
compliance
schedule in SES
evaluated
4. Respond to questions about SES addressed to
2 days
Home
Written comments to
2.6.4
TEST team
based
TEST team
Qualifications: Advanced degree in relevant legal or social science field. At least 10 years
experience in working with governments and/or enterprises in negotiating environmental compliance
schedules. Experience in this field with Central and Eastern European enterprises desirable.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The UNDP/GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 130
major manufacturing enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; a
significant number of these are contributing to transboundary pollution in the form of nutrients
persistent organic pollutants. In spite of the environmental problems they are causing, there is a lack
of convincing evidence that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. This project will build capacity in existing cleaner
production institutions in five Danubian countries to apply the UNIDO programme on Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST) at 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance is to
bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading. The enhanced institutional capacity
would then be available to assist other enterprises of concern in these countries as well as other
Danubian countries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
PROJECT/PROGRAMME
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology
(TEST) in the Danube River Basin
JOB DESCRIPTION
11-71
Post Title:
Expert in Environmental Management Systems
Duration:
1.0 w/m (one mission to Vienna and one mission to each of 5 countries)
Date Required:
Months 24 to 28
Duty stations:
Vienna; various locations in five countries and home-based
Counterpart:
NCPCs/PPCs
Duties: The consultant will specifically be expected to:
Main duties
Expected
Location
Expected results
Related
duration
activity2
1. Offer one week course in Environmental
1 week
Vienna
Trained national
2.7.1
Management Systems (ISO 14000/EMS) to
experts
national experts
2. Assist national experts in conducting introductory
2 weeks
Various
Preparation of EMS
2.7.2
workshops in each of five countries and responding
locations
initiated at each of
to enterprise specific situations
in five
the participating
countries
companies
3. Review EMS proposed by each company
3 days
Home-
Written evaluation
2.7.3
based
of the adequacy of
EMSs
4. Advice enterprises that want to apply for
2 days
home
Written comments to
2.7.4
certification
based
enterprises
Qualifications: Advanced university degree in environmental field. At least 10 years experience in
advising companies on setting up EMSs. Experience with Central and Eastern European enterprises
desirable.
Language: English. German and Slavic language capability would be useful.
Background information: The GEF Pollution Reduction Programme has identified 169 industrial
enterprises of concern (known as hot spots) within the Danube River Basin; of these 49 were
designated as high priority for pollution reduction efforts. There is a lack of convincing practical
demonstrations with either the smaller set of 49 high priority enterprises or the larger set of 169
enterprises of concern that it is possible to comply with environmental norms and still remain or
perhaps enhance their competitive position. The UNIDO programme on Transfer of Environmentally
Sound Technology (TEST) proposes to build capacity in existing cleaner production institutions in
five Danubian country to apply the UNIDO integrated systematic approach, drawing on its extensive
experience in several fields of assistance to industry, to 20 pilot enterprises. The aim of the assistance
is to bring these pilot enterprises into compliance with environmental norms of the Danube River
Protection Convention, at the same time taking into account their needs to remain competitive and to
deal with the social consequences of major technology upgrading within enterprises. The enhanced
institutional capacity would then be available to assist other priority plants in these countries as well
as other Danubian countries.
ANNEX II
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST)
Work plan Year 1
Outputs/ Activities
Month1
Month2
Month3
Month4
Month5
Month6
Month7
Month8
Month9
Month10
Month11
Month12
Month13
1.1.1 Country nominations for TEST
programme
1.1.2 Set up project advisory board
1.1.3 Designate team leader for TEST team
1.1.4 Set up TEST team office
1.2.1 Briefing & introducing TEST
methodology
1.2.2 Train team leader one week TEST
overview workshop
1.2.3 Study tour in selected European
countries
1.3.1 Installation of equipment
1.3.2 Establishment of Internet linkage
1.3.3 Find and assemble case studies
1.3.4 Document relevant EU & national
environmental standards
1.4.1 Preparation of work plan for immediate
objective 2
2.1.1Select potential participating enterprises
2.1.2 Send letters & questionnaire
2.1.3 Interview enterprises/select plants
2.1.4 Secure letters of commitment from
enterprises to participate in project
2.2.1 Train national experts in UNIDO
methodology
2.2.2 Undertake viability assessment for each
pilot enterprise
2.2.3Determine the enterprises SWOT
2.2.4 Determine if pilot enterprises should
continue in the project
2.3.1 Train NEX in UNIDO methodology for
CPA
2.3.2 Undertake CPA to identify CP options
2.3.3 Assist enterprises over 3 month period.
Documents results
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST)
Work plan Year 2
Outputs/ Activities
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
2.3.4 Based on results obtained determine if
pilot enterprises should continue in project
2.4.1 Train national experts in UNIDO
methodology for IMAS , one week workshop
2.4.2 Undertake IMA to determine the
application of the appropriate IMT
2.4.3 Assist enterprises over 3 month period
for implementation. Document results
2.4.4 Based on results obtained determine if
pilot enterprises should continue in the project
2.5.1 Train NEX in UNIDO approach to EST.
Two week course
2.5.2 Work w/each enterprise on wastewater
& air pollution technologies
2.5.3 Evaluate financial & environmental
points of view EST proposal (UNIDO
COMFAR software)
2.5.4 Negotiate w/technology suppliers
availability, costs & conditions of selected
TEST packages
2.5.5 Select enterprises to continue
participation in the project
2.6.1 Train NEX in UNIDO formats & aspects
of SES. One week workshop
2.6.2 Prepare draft reports
2.6.3 Review of strategies/plans/reports by IEs
& NEs from all 5 countries
2.6.4 Present business plan and reports
2.7.1 Train NEX in UNIDO methodology for
EMS. One week workshop
2.7.2 Undertake EMS for each participating
enterprise. Prepare work plan
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology (TEST)
Work plan Year 3
Outputs/ Activities
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
Month
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
2.7.3 Assist enterprises over 3 month period to
implement EMSs
2.7.4 Apply for ISO 14000 or EMAS
certification
2.8.1 Review business plan
2.8.2 List proposals w/UNIDO IPS as well as
World Bank, ERBD,GEF & EU
2.8.3 Organize meetings between enterprises
& potential financing sources
3.1.1 Prepare national summaries of
experience of undertaking TEST project
3.1.2 Hold five national seminars to
disseminate results
3.2.1 Prepare revised manual case studies
3.2.2 Circulate manual for review by all IEs &
NEs for comment
3.2.3 Finalize manual and print
3.3.1 Identify 20 enterprises from 5 countries
3.3.2 Introduce TEST to enterprises
3.3.3 Evaluate 20 reviews
3.4.1 Hold regional seminar for nine countries
3.4.2 Prepare requests for TA as needed
3.4.3 Prepare report on seminar
3.5.1 Identify team members in four other
countries
3.5.2 Hold 1 week training course on TEST
3.5.3 Match one team from each participating
country
3.5.4 Mission to each country to
advise/selection/application of TEST
procedure
3.5.5 Provide limited technical advice
requested by the 5 participating countries
ANNEX V
Contact information for NCPCs/PPCs
POLLUTION PREVENTION CENTRES
BULGARIA Dr. Dimiter Brankov
Tel & Fax 011-3592816620
Executive Director
BIA Fax: 011-3592872604
Clean Industry Center at the
E-mail: Brankov@bia.bol.bg
Bulagarian Industrial Association
16-20 Ala Bin Str.
1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
ROMANIA
Mr. Vladimir Gheorghievici
Tel: 011-4012211948, 2211899
Executive Director
Fax: 01104012212050
Foundation Pollution Prevention
E.mail: cpp@com.pcnet.ro
Centre
Bd. Constructorilor-20
Bucharest 6, Romania
NATIONAL CLEANER PRODUCTION CENTRES
CROATIA
Mr. Marian Host
Tel:00385 1 6176736
Hazardous Waste Management
Fax:00385 1 6176734
Agency
E-mail: mhost@alf.tel.hr
Zagreb, Croatia
HUNGARY
Mr. Sandor Kerekes
Tel: 00361 2188076
Director
Fax: 00361 2179588
National Cleaner Production Centre,
E-mail: skerekes@enviro.bke.hu
Budapest University of Economic
or
Science
cleaner@enviro.bke.hu
Fovam ter 8,
Budapest, Hungary
SLOVAK
Ms. Viera Feckova
Tel: 00421 74445
REPUBLIC
Director,
Fax: 00421744259015
Slovak Cleaner Production Centre
E-mail: sccp@cpz.sk
Pionierska 15
83102 Bratislava, Slovak Rep.