Project Proposals on Sustainable Use of Living Resources
MARICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
1. IDENTIFIERS
Project Number: RES-2
Project Title:
Mariculture development in sub-Saharan Africa
Requesting Country (ies): Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria,
Seychelles, South Africa and Tanzania
Requesting National
Cote d'Ivoire: Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Organizations:
The Gambia: National Environment Agency -NEA, Organisation pour la Mise
en Valeur de la Fleuve de la Gambie (OMVG)
Ghana: Ministry of Environment & Science, Ministry of Food and Agriculture
Kenya: Fisheries Department
Mozambique: Ministry of Fisheries
Nigeria: Nigerian Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR)
Seychelles:
Seychelles
Fishing
Authority (Ministry of Agriculture and Marine
Research)
South Africa: Department of Environmental Affairs & Tourism
Tanzania: Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism
Executing Agencies: Cote
d'Ivoire:
Direction
of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Gambia: National Environment Agency -NEA, Organisation pour la Mise en
Valeur de la Fleuve de la Gambie (OMVG), Department of Water
Resources
Ghana: Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Directorate of Fisheries
Kenya: Fisheries Department
Mozambique: National Directorate of Fisheries Administration, Institute for the
Development of Small Scale Fisheries (IDPPE)
Nigeria: Nigerian Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR)
Seychelles:
Seychelles
Fishing
Authority
South Africa: Department of Environmental Affairs & Tourism (DEAT),
Coastal provincial Departments
Tanzania: Department of Fisheries
Required National Cote d'Ivoire: P.A.L. (Lagoon Aquaculture), Aquaculture Department of the Centre
Partners:
Oceanographic Research, other private projects
Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Federal Ministry of Environment
The Gambia: Department of Agricultural Services, Department of Community
Development
Ghana: Marine Fisheries Research Division (Directorate of Fisheries, Ministry of
Food and Agriculture), Department of Oceanography and Fisheries,
University of Ghana, Department of Zoology, University of Cape Coast,
Water Research Institute (CSIR)
Mozambique: Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Centre for Sustainable Development,
Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs
South Africa: Coastal Provincial Departments, Academic and Research Institutions,
South African Fishing Industry, South African Mariculture Association
Kenya: Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Coastal Development
Authority (CDA), National Environmental Management Authority (Ministry
of Environment and Natural Resources), NGOs (Kipini Community
Conservation Group, Wasini Womens Conservation Group, Mida Creek
Womens Conservation Group)
Seychelles: Seychelles Centre for Marine Research and Technology, Marine Parks
Authority, Islands Development Company
Tanzania: Ministry of Agriculture
Priority Issue Addressed: GIWA issue(s): Overexploitation of fisheries and other living resources
Regional Scope:
West Africa (Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria), East Africa (Kenya,
Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, Tanzania), and South Africa)
Project Location:
Cote d'Ivoire: Le Grand-Lahou, Vridi and Assinie inlets
Ghana: Ada-Anyanui Mangrove complex, Volta Estuary, River Pra Estuary
Kenya: Mida Creek, Kipini, Wasimi Island
Mozambique: Zambezi Delta, Sofala
Nigeria: Lagos, Eket, Bonny/Ogoni, Dodo
Seychelles:
Mahe,
Praslin
South Africa: All coastal provinces (Northern Cape, Western Cape, Eastern
Cape, KwaZulu-Natal)
Project Duration:
4 years
Working Group of the African Process
Sustainable Use of Living Resources
2. SUMMARY
Overfishing and declining availability of fish has been highlighted in Phase 1 of the African Process for the
Development and Protection of the Marine and Coastal Environment in Sub-Saharan Africa as being one of
the most critical issues facing coastal communities in this region. Poverty is rife in coastal areas in sun-
Saharan Africa, with large segments of the population living below international accepted poverty levels. In
most cases harvesting pressures continues unabated, therefore, and in some cases is even increasing in spite
of declining state of the resources. Mariculture represents an important alternative to natural resource
harvesting but constraints to its development prevent it from reaching its full potential in sub-Saharan Africa.
In an effort to alleviate these problems, this project seeks to
1. Recognize the principal legal and policy related constraints to the development and/or enhancement of
the mariculture industry in sub-Saharan Africa
2. Recognize principal negative environmental effects of existing mariculture initiatives and key means of
addressing these impacts
3. Encourage governments to develop new or to streamline existing policy and legislation frameworks to
enhance ecological and economic sustainable mariculture industries,
4. Promote research activities required to identify ecologically and economically sustainable culture species
in each country and to provide information on biological, infrastructural and market requirements for
these species,
5. Initiate pilot projects in cooperation with private industry and community groups in some of the
participating countries to demonstrate the feasibility of mariculture initiatives.
The regional approach proposed for this project offers considerable added value over and above single
country projects as it will allow for sharing of expertise in the region, regional capacity building and will
facilitate access to overseas markets and enhance export potential through common marketing of products.
3. COSTS AND FINANCING (MILLION US $)1
International & bilateral sources:
Financing by potential source:
USD8.920
Co-financing:
Governments
in
cash
&
kind: USD5.745
Total Project Cost:
USD 14.665
4. GOVERNMENT ENDORSEMENT (S)
Cote d'Ivoire: Minister, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Ghana:
Minister, Ministry of Environment & Science
Kenya: The
Permanent
Secretary,
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Mozambique: Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs
Nigeria:
Honourable Minister, Ministry of Environment
Seychelles:
Principal Secretary, Ministry of Agriculture and Marine Resources
South Africa: Honourable Minister, Department of Environmental Affairs & Tourism
Tanzania:
Minister for Natural Resources and Tourism
5. GOVERNMENT FOCAL POINT (S)
Cote d'Ivoire: Direction dés Pêches, Abidjan
Ghana:
Directorate of Fisheries, Ministry of Food and Agriculture
Kenya:
Director: Fisheries Department
Mozambique: Mrs Lidia Abibe, National Director of Fisheries Administration
Nigeria:
Dr A. Solarin, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR)
Seychelles:
Mr P. Boulle, Seychelles Fishing Authority
South Africa: Director General, Department of Environmental affairs and Tourism (DEAT)
Tanzania:
Institute of Marine Sciences
6. AFRICAN PROCESS WORKING GROUP FOCAL POINT (S)
Country Co-ordinators on the Programme of Interventions of the Partnership Conference of the African
Process:
Cote d'Ivoire: Dr Jaques Abe, Centre de Reserches Oceanologiques
The Gambia: Dr Momodou Cham, National Environment Agency
Ghana:
Dr Julius Wellens Mensa, Hydrological Services Department
Kenya:
Mr Ali Mohammed, Ministry of Environmental and Natural Resources
Mauritius:
Santaram Mooloo, Ministry of Environment
Mozambique: Dr Evaristo Baquete, Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA)
Nigeria:
Dr Larry Awosika, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research
Seychelles:
Terry Jones, Ministry of Tourism and Transport
South Africa: Mr Andre Share, Marine & Coastal Management, Department of Environmental Affairs &
Tourism
Co-ordinator and experts of the Thematic Working Group on the Programme of Interventions of the
Partnership Conference of the African Process
Co-ordinator: Dr Barry Clark, Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Experts:
Mr Jacob Ochiewo, Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Kenya
Dr Kwame Koranteng, Marine Fisheries Research Division, Ministry of Food and
Agriculture, Ghana
1 This budget is preliminary and has not undergone a full consultation process with the respective countries.
Therefore, it does not indicate the actual financial commitment that would be provided by participating
countries once the project proposal and its components are finalised.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1.
BACKGROUND & JUSTIFICATION
Overfishing and declining availability of fish has been highlighted as one of the most (if not the most)
critical issues facing coastal communities in sub-Saharan Africa both in this programme (the African Process
for the Development and Protection of the Marine and Coastal Environment in Sub-Saharan Africa) as well
as other studies (e.g. Sheppard 20012, Obura 20013). Virtually all living marine resources on the
subcontinent are under severe pressure, being exploited to maximum sustainable limits or even beyond this.
Few, if any, resources offer opportunities for increased harvesting. In most cases harvesting pressures
continues unabated, and in some cases is even increasing, in spite of declining state of the resources. This is
because few alternatives exist for people to make a livelihood or to feed themselves and their families.
Poverty is rife in coastal areas in sun-Saharan Africa, with large segments of the population living below
international accepted poverty levels. Attempting to introduce sustainable harvesting practices or to reduce
effort through improved enforcement offers little assistance in this situation as someone that is starving has
scant respect for the rule of the law. The only way to successfully reduce pressure on fishing resources is to
introduce alternative sources of livelihood or income at the same time as or even prior to attempting
management reforms.
Mariculture represents an important alternative to natural resource harvesting in many parts of the world;
cited benefits include reducing pressure on wild stocks, provision of employment and a reliable supply of
cheap protein. Constraints to development of mariculture in sub-Saharan Africa are numerous and varied but
not always well understood. Some of these include insufficient investment capital available, and lack of
suitable markets, lacking infrastructure, political instability, lack of expertise, inappropriate government
policies, lack of research into suitability of local culture species. Many of these constraints are fuelled by
concerns brought on by previous attempts at establishing mariculture facilities in Africa and elsewhere, that
have either failed or that have had negative ecological consequences. In many instances coastal communities
are trapped within a cycle of poverty where lack of individual wealth and access of capital constrains
individual development, which in turn limits available infrastructure and discourages investment from
outside.
A co-ordinated and harmonised approach is thus required where ecologically and economically sustainable
mariculture industries can either be initiated or promoted within appropriate national policy frameworks in
selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa. By initiating and promoting such projects, benefits realised
(principally in the form of increased personal wealth and tax revenue) will stimulate further development in
this field both within in the participating countries and neighbouring ones. Ultimately this will contribute
towards a reduction in fishing pressures on wild stocks (as alternatives become more profitable) and
increased affluence amongst coastal populations.
2.
OBJECTIVE & EXPECTED RESULTS
The overall goal of this project is to promote mariculture operations in sub-Saharan Africa with a view to
creating sustainable livelihood opportunities for people living in coastal areas thereby creating a mechanism
to reduce reliance on natural resource harvesting.
The immediate objectives and the expected results of this project are to:
1. To address and attempt to eliminate major constraints to mariculture development in sub-Saharan Africa
Expected output(s):
Thorough understanding of the principal legal, policy, financial, and environmental constraints
to development and/or enhancement of mariculture industry in sub-Saharan Africa
2 Sheppard, C. 2001. The main issues affecting coasts of the Indian and western Pacific oceans: a meta-analysis from
the seas at the millennium. Mar. Poll. Bull. 42: 1199-1207.
3 Obura, D.O. 2001. Kenya. Mar. Poll. Bull. 42: 1264-1278.
Detailed understanding of existing and likely future environmental impacts of mariculture
operations
Appropriate guidelines and mitigation measures to ensure minimal negative environmental
impacts associated with the growth and continued existence of mariculture operations in sub-
Saharan Africa
Recommendations delivered to national governments, industry and local community
representatives regarding proposed mechanisms and necessary incentives required to address or
mitigate principal constraints identified
2. To promote streamlining of mariculture related policies and legislation amongst governments of
participating countries
Expected output (s):
Enhanced policy and legislation frameworks in participating countries designed to promote
growth and sustainability in mariculture industries within the region
3. To build capacity within relevant government departments, research organisations, NGOs, CBOs &
industry to undertake and manage mariculture projects
Expected output(s):
Enhanced capacity within the region to undertake and manage mariculture projects and
mariculture related activities
Enhanced research activity in the region directed towards identifying suitable culture species,
and enhancing knowledge regarding their biological, infrastructural, social, economic and
market requirements
Research results identifying species suitable for culture with necessary information on life
histories, culture requirements (including propagation, spawning, settlement, growth rates, feed,
optimal stocking densities etc.), mechanisms for disease control, etc.
4. To promote or initiate pilot projects in conjunction with private industry and community groups in some
of the participating countries to demonstrate the feasibility of certain culture initiatives and explore
constraints to further development
Expected output(s):
Limited number of pilot projects in key coastal areas involving community and industry
partnerships
Development of new projects involving industry-government-community partnerships
3.
PROJECT COMPONENTS/ACTIVITIES
Broadly, the project comprises four major components each consisting of a number of project activities:
Component 1: Status of mariculture activities, major constraints to further sustainable development
and opportunities identified in each country and regionally
Activity 1.1: Prepare mariculture status reports on all aspects of the status of and potential constraints to
mariculture in participating countries including policy and legislation, capacity for and current
status of research initiatives into mariculture, current and future planned mariculture initiatives,
requirements for ecological and economic sustainability, requirements for capacity building
amongst management authorities, areas and opportunities for further development, and
requirements for further research
Activity 1.2: Develop country specific recommendations and interventions to address major constraints
identified to further development of mariculture
Activity 1.3: Review regional coherence and feasibility
Activity 1.4: Present recommendations to national governments, industry and community represenatives
Component 2: National governments assisted in streamlining policies and legislation as required
Activity 2.1:Explore and discuss findings of mariculture status reports focusing on national mariculture
policies and legislation and make recommendations for harmonization of policies and legislation
amongst countries within the region
Activity 2.2: Provide legal support for the enhancement of the national legislation in this area
Component 3: Capacity built within government departments, research institutes, NGOs, CBOs and private
industry and support provided for key mariculture-related research projects
Activity 3.1: Provide capacity building activities to assist governments, private industry and the research
community to implement recommendations from 2 and 3 above and to undertake necessary
mariculture related research
- through training and capacity building initiatives,
- exchange of expertise within the region,
- South-South collaboration (site visits to SE Asia, importation of expertise from other
developing countries outside of the region) and North-South collaboration (site visits to
Europe, USA, importation of expertise from developing countries in the northern hemisphere)
Activity 3.2: Promote and facilitate research activities by inviting project proposals from government
agencies and the private sector to address research needs identified in the constraints analysis and
providing support funds for and monitoring of progress of research activities
Component 4: Pilot projects initiated in partnership with national governments, NGOs, CBOs and
private industry
Activity 4.1: Encourage CBOs, NGOs and private companies to build partnerships and to submit proposals
for financial and technical assistance in developing mariculture initiatives in priority areas
Activity 4.2: Select projects and provide support to the development and implementation of key projects and
monitor progress thereof
4.
LINKAGES TO OTHER NATIONAL OR REGIONAL ACTIVITIES / TRANSBOUNDARITY
Development of the mariculture industry in certain sub-Saharan African countries has been recognised as a
priority in the past and several mariculture related initiatives have been undertaken or are currently
underway.
The Southern African Development Community (SADC) commissioned a survey of the status of mariculture
in the southern African sub-region in 1995 (Policy Study for Sustainable Mariculture Development) that
made recommendations for a three phased project approach. The first phase was set to cover the planning of
a mariculture project and included a review, the development of a strategy, and policy guidelines for
mariculture development in this region. A project proposal was to be prepared for this first stage and
submitted to UNOPS for possible funding via the Norwegian element of Nordic Funds. Appropriate
linkages need to be established with this initiative to avoid any duplication of effort.
The ALCOM programme (Aquaculture for Local Community Development Programme) designed to
encourage aquaculture development in Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia,
Swaziland, Tanzania and Zimbabwe is another ongoing activity in the region. It is being executed by the
FAO with funding from Swedeb and is supporting the introduction and extension of fish faming by
demonstrating new methods and techniques through which rural populations may improve their living
standards. Links will also be established with the Southwest Indian Ocean Fisheries project, currently under
consideration by the World Bank for GEF funding, to ensure maximum synergy between these two projects.
Signatories to the Nairobi Convention have an obligation "to ensure sound environmental management of
natural resources" (Article 4) and "cooperate, within their available capabilities, directly or through
competent regional and international organizations, in the provision of technical and other assistance in
fields relating to pollution and sound environmental management" (Article 14) both of which are addressed
by this proposal.
5.
DEMONSTRATIVE VALUE & REPLICABILITY
The impacts of poorly managed and unsustainable mariculture practices that are evident in many areas of the
world strongly discourage development and expansion of the mariculture industry. Governments tend to
adopt very stringent policies and regulations to control mariculture operations, but this often has the effect of
stifling their potential for growth. By simultaneously promoting the growth of the sustainable mariculture
projects, practices and policies and by building capacity within relevant management bodies, mariculture
industries in the participating countries will be encouraged to grow in a sustainable manner without the
catastrophic environmental impacts that generally accompany such growth. The benefits of such sustainable
practices will be evident throughout the region and will encourage other countries not participating directly
in this project to follow a similar route in promoting their own mariculture industries.
6.
RISKS AND SUSTAINABILITY
A number of risks have been identified that threaten the sustainability of this project or that may arise as a
result of the implementation of this project. Risks to the sustainability of the project include:
National governments being unable to afford in-country contributions required to
fund/sustain the project
Insufficient expertise available within the participating countries for successful prosecution
of the project
National governments unwilling/unable to adopt recommendations developed by the project
Failure of pilot projects due to disease, natural disaster, financial difficulties
Lack of suitable markets
Changes in market demands after initiation of pilot projects
Insufficient investment capital available
Lacking infrastructure
Political instability
Risks potentially arising from the implementation of the project include:
a variety of negative environmental impacts frequently associated with mariculture projects
(e.g. introduction of alien invasive species, spread of disease to wild populations, eutrophication natural
water bodies due to discharge of effluent with high nutrient content, release of antibiotics and other
chemicals into the environment, impacts on biodiversity where culture is undertaken in natural
environment)
transboundary impacts resulting from the spread of alien species introduced for mariculture
purposes
It is clear that implementation of this projects is not without risk. However, the level of risk associated with
the proposed project is considered "acceptable" in the context of the clear need to reduce pressure on
renewable natural resources in the Sub-Saharan Africa and the stated commitment to this process. A number
of measures have nevertheless been incorporated into project design to mitigate this risk where possible:
Building capacity within national governments and other management institution whose task it is to
oversee developments in the coastal zone is considered an important component of this project.
Exchange of information and expertise between countries within the region, as well as south-south
collaboration between African and Southeast Asian and north-south collaboration between European
and African countries will be given a high priority on this project.
Policy and regulations promulgated by national governments to control the mariculture industry
within their countries will need to comply with regionally and internationally accepted standards.
Mariculture projects for which support is provided under this project will be required to meet very strict
guidelines designed to ensure that they are both ecologically and economically sustainable. Initiatives
supported under this programme are thus likely to have a high probability of success and will sustained
well beyond the life of this project. Successful projects will foster development of necessary
infrastructure to promote further growth at local, national and regional scales.
Partnerships will be fostered with and between government and research organisations, private
industry, non-government organisations, community based organisations, private industry and industry
associations to ensure that in country benefits are spread as widely as possible. Participating
organisations will be required to comply with best accounting practices and will have to prove their
commitment to whichever projects they are involved through commitments in kind or as cash
investments.
Links will be established with regional fora and development banks to assisting in obtaining and
leveraging additional funding and expertise for the programme and to assist in identifying other
countries and other experts that may wish to or may be in a position to participate in or contribute to the
programme.
Harmonisation of mariculture policies and legislation throughout the region will ensure sustainable
development of this industry and will reduce the risks of negative transboundary effects such as
introduction of alien species and diseases to wild stocks
To further assist in the assessment of risk for this project, potential risks are identified in the logical
framework (see Annex 1).
7.
STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION
The primary objective of this programme is to promote the development of mariculture as an industry in the
whole of sub-Saharan Africa. One of the major benefits this will have is to direct attention away from
harvesting of natural resources through the provision of alternative sources of income and livelihood for
coastal communities. Participation by members of the local coastal communities and/or employment of
people from these communities will be established as prerequisites for any project seeking support from this
programme. The initiation of any new mariculture projects and/or expansion of any existing projects will
require fully participative environmental impact assessments. These EIAs will further assist in building
strong relationships with local coastal communities and local interest groups. They will also ensure that any
proposed developments are environmental sustainable and do not impact on or preclude other opportunities
in the coastal zone. The linkages between the participated institutions have to be created or strengthened.
Where no such institutions exist, a new institutional arrangement may need to be created.
8
PROJECT MANAGEMENT & IMPLEMENTATION
It is envisioned that activities in each country will be co-ordinated by a national multidisciplinary team
comprising representatives from government, research organisations and industry, while the overall project
coordination will be undertaken by a team comprising representatives from each of the national teams,
mariculture experts with national, regional and international expertise. It is envisioned each in-country team
will consist of at least one representative of the government ministry or department responsible for
administration and management of mariculture activities, at least one representative from the government
institution(s) or organisation(s) responsible for research into mariculture activities, one or more
representatives from academic and other research institutes in the country involved in mariculture related
research, one or more representatives from the private sector and one or more consultants responsible for the
preparation of the national mariculture status reports. It is envisioned that the regional coordinating team
will consist of at least one of the government representatives from each country, two or three representatives
from the private sector and one or two consultants with international experience in mariculture research and
management. Consultancy fees, subsistence and travel costs and costs of convening all project related
meetings will be covered by the project but costs of time input by government representatives will be
covered through in-kind contribution of the government concerned. This project will seek to take advantage
of lessons learnt both within the region and elsewhere, particularly those in other developing countries. Both
South-South and North-South collaboration will be encouraged, by supporting fact-finding visits between
participating countries and missions to countries in Southeast Asia and Europe.
In order to benefit from the pilot projects, government authorities of participating countries will be required
to endorse and adopt recommendations for sustainable management of their mariculture industries and to
demonstrate implementation of such practices (e.g. ensuring that requirements for environmental impact
assessment and effluent water quality guidelines are adhered to).
9.
PROJECT FINANCING & DURATION
The project is expected to last for a total of four years and is expected to cost $14, 665.00. A detailed
breakdown of costs for all phases and activities is shown below. Costs to National governments will be in
the form on in-kind contributions only.
Natio
External
nal
Government
Source of
Funds Cash In-kind Total
1. Assess status of mariculture, constraints
and opportunities
1.1. Mariculture status reports
$250,000.00
$250,000.00
$500,000.00
1.2. Develop recommendations
$50,000.00
$50,000.00
$100,000.00
1.3 Review regional coherence
$120,000.00
$120,000.00
$240,000.00
1.4 Present recommendations to key
stakeholders $20,000.00
$5,000.00
$25,000.00
2. Streamlining of policies and legislation
$0.00
2.1 Harmonising policies and legislation
$160,000.00
$120,000.00 $280,000.00
2.2 Legal support for harmonisation
$160,000.00
$40,000.00
$200,000.00
3. Capacity building and research support
$0.00
3.1Training and capacity building
$400,000.00
$200,000.00
$600,000.00
3.2 Research support
$1,600,000.00
$800,000.00 $2,400,000.00
4. Pilot projects
$0.00
4.1 Build partnerships
$160,000.00
$160,000.00
$320,000.00
4.2 Provide support for development and
implementation $6,000,000.00
$2,000,000.00
$2,000,000.00
$10,000,000.00
TOTAL
$8,920,000.00 $2,000,000.00 $3,745,000.00 $14,665,000.00
Note: This budget is preliminary and has not undergone a full consultation process with the respective
countries. Therefore, it does not indicate the actual financial commitment that would be provided by
participating countries once the project proposal and its components are finalised.
10. MONITORING, EVALUATION & DISSEMINATION
Monitoring and evaluation are considered to be a very important component of this project. It is expected that
internal/external monitoring and evaluation will play a significant role during implementation to ensure that the
experience gained through pilot projects, consultancies and meetings, informs project management and decision-
making. In addition, important external factors, such as developments in the fisheries, should also be monitored
to ensure the project outputs and purpose remains relevant and achievable. All mariculture status reports
produced by participating countries will be subject to peer review by acknowledged experts in the field.
General indicators of project achievement will include: enhanced monitoring of mariculture activities; effective
legislative frameworks; development and initiation of approved plans for cost effective mariculture
development; evaluation and testing of options for co-management of mariculture activities; conformity of
resource allocation with policy and management objectives. The reports of national fisheries administrations and
industry associations, national fisheries statistics, and economic data on the countries will be primary sources of
verification.
11. WORK PLAN AND TIMETABLE
Table 2: Outline Work Plan and Timetable
1.1
Year
1 2 3 4
1.2
Quarter
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1. Establish regional and national
coordinating bodies
1.1. Identify participants
1.2. Convene regional and national
meetings
2. Constraints analysis
2.1. Preparation of mariculture status
reports
2.2. Peer review of reports
3. Develop mechanisms and
recommendations to address
constraints
3.1. Convene regional meeting
3.2. Develop recommendations
3.3. Present recommendations to
national governments
4. Streamlining of policy and
legislation
4.1 Convene regional meeting
4.2. Develop recommendations
4.3. Present recommendations to
national governments
5. Capacity building and
implementation
5.1. Site visits, capacity building and
training workshops
5.2. Assistance with implementation of
recommendations
6. Pilot projects
6.1. Invite and assess proposals for pilot
projects
6.2. Assist in implementation of projects
ANNEX 1:
LOGFRAME MATRIX
OBJECTIVELY
MEANS OF
CRITICAL
VERIFIABLE
VERIFICATION
ASSUMPTIONS AND
INDICATORS
(MONITORING
RISKS
FOCUS)
OVERALL GOAL
To promote mariculture
·
Increase in the
·
Lists of registered ·
Continued
operations in sub-Saharan
number of mariculture
mariculture enterprises
political support for sub-
Africa with a view to
projects in each county
·
Export statistics
Saharan Africa
creating sustainable
·
Decrease in
·
Economic
·
Management
livelihood opportunities
proportion of the coastal
surveys of coastal
measures for mariculture
for people living in coastal
population reliant on
communities
are well designed and
areas
harvesting natural
with maximum
resources for livelihood
stakeholder participation.
·
Increase in the
·
No major adverse
amount of foreign
changes in
exchange generated by
environmental, and
mariculture exports
economic conditions in
·
New jobs created
the Region
in mariculture industry
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
1. To address and
·
Increase in the
·
National and
·
Recommendation
attempt to eliminate major
number of mariculture
regional mariculture and
s developed by project
constraints to mariculture
projects in each county
fishery status reports
adopted by national
development in sub- ·
Increase in
·
Interviews with
governments
Saharan Africa
efficiency w.r.t.
private sector
·
Mariculture
processing of
afforded a high priority
mariculture permit
by national governments
applications
in the region
2. To promote
·
Common policies ·
National policy
·
Recommendation
streamlining of mariculture
and legislation adopted
documents published by
s developed by project
related policies and
throughout the region
relevant government
adopted by national
legislation amongst
agencies
governments
governments of
·
Mariculture
participating countries
afforded a high priority
by national governments
in the region
3. To build capacity
·
Increase in
·
Publications
·
Sustained funding
within relevant
research output
produced by academics
for mariculture related
government departments,
·
Improved
and researchers in the
research in the region
research organisations,
management of
region
·
Mariculture
NGOs, CBOs & industry
mariculture operations
·
National and
afforded a sufficiently
to undertake and manage
·
Increase in range
regional mariculture and
high priority by national
mariculture projects
of species under culture
fishery status reports
governments in the
in the region
·
Interviews with
region
private sector
4. To promote or initiate
·
Numbers of pilot ·
Project evaluation ·
Sufficient funding
pilot projects in
projects supported
and review reports
obtained to support pilot
conjunction with private
projects
industry and community
groups in some of the
participating countries to
demonstrate the feasibility
of certain culture
initiatives and explore
constraints to further
development
OBJECTIVELY
MEANS OF
CRITICAL
VERIFIABLE
VERIFICATION
ASSUMPTIONS AND
INDICATORS
(MONITORING
RISKS
FOCUS)
OUTPUTS
Mariculture status reports
·
Reports produced ·
Peer review of
·
Sufficient
by each country
status reports
expertise available
within each country
Enhanced policy and
·
National policy
·
Review of
·
National
legislation frameworks in
and legislation
national policy
governments endorse
the region
frameworks
documents published by
and adopt
relevant government
recommendations
agencies
produced by the project
·
Availability of
sufficient funds and
expertise
Enhanced capacity within
·
Training
·
Interviews with
·
Government
relevant government
workshop reports
government and industry
commitment to
departments, research
·
Record of
personnel
enhancing living
organisations, NGOs,
attendance at training
standard of coastal
CBOs & industry
workshops
communities,
·
Increased
mariculture earmarked as
capacity within
priority development
government and industry
area
to manage and operate
mariculture enterprises
Expansion in ecologically ·
Numbers of
·
Lists of registered ·
Constraints to
sustainable mariculture
mariculture
mariculture enterprises
mariculture expansion
activity in the region
operation/farms
·
Export statistics
insurmountable
·
Government
commitment to
enhancing living
standard of coastal
communities
PROJECT ACTIVITIES
Assess status of
·
Reports from
·
Review of
·
Government
mariculture, identify
regional and national
meeting reports
commitment to
constraints and
meetings
·
Peer review of
enhancing living
opportunities
·
Mariculture status
status reports
standard of coastal
reports
communities
·
Enhancement of
mariculture seen as a
priority by national
governments
·
Cooperation by
private sector
mariculture operators
Streamlining of national
·
Country specific
·
Review of
·
Government
policies and legislation
recommendations
recommendations
willingness to modify
·
National policy
·
Review of
existing policies and/or
documents published by
national policy
adopt new policies
relevant government
documents and
agencies
legislation frameworks
OBJECTIVELY
MEANS OF
CRITICAL
VERIFIABLE
VERIFICATION
ASSUMPTIONS AND
INDICATORS
(MONITORING
RISKS
FOCUS)
Capacity building and
·
Training
·
Review of
·
Government
research support
workshop reports
documentation from
commitment to project,
·
Record of
training workshops
willingness by private
attendance at training
·
Interviews with
sector to participate
workshops
workshop participants
·
Increased
·
Change in
capacity within
productivity within
government and industry
government departments
to manage and operate
·
Interviews with
mariculture enterprises
private sector operators
P
·
Number of pilot
·
Lists of registered ·
Availability of
ilot projects
projects underway
mariculture enterprises
suitable pilot sites
·
Project review
·
Export statistics
·
Availability of
reports
·
Economic
funds
·
Financial
surveys of coastal
·
Cooperation by
statements
communities
local communities and
private sector