Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of
the Botswana Portion of the Okavango
River Basin
Output 10: Database and GIS design for
an expanded Okavango Basin
Information System (OBIS)
C. Vanderpost, M. Dhliwayo
July 2009



TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS
OF THE BOTSWANA PORTION OF THE
OKAVANGO RIVER BASIN.


Output 10: Database and GIS design for an expanded Okavango Basin Information
System (OBIS)





























Final Draft

OKAVANGO BASIN INFORMATION SYSTEM (OBIS) Design Parameters






2
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
Contents
OBIS Design Parameters .................................................................................................... 4
Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 4
1. DATABASE: File Geodatabase (ESRI) at HOORC .................................................... 5
2. COORDINATE SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 7
3. METADATA .................................................................................................................. 8
4. FILE-NAMING and FILE-GOUPING ........................................................................... 9
5. DATA SERVING ......................................................................................................... 10
6. SERVING DATA WITH ARCGIS SERVER .............................................................. 12
7. DATABASE DESIGN MODEL FOR OBIS ............................................................... 13





3
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
OBIS Design Parameters


Introduction

This report contributes to the objectives of the EPSMO Project, which aims to achieve
global environmental benefits through concerted management of the naturally integrated
land and water resources of the Okavango River Basin. This report supports the
following specific objectives of the project:

a. Enhance the depth, accuracy, and accessibility of the existing knowledge base of
basin characteristics and conditions;
b. Assist the three riparian nations (Angola, Botswana and Namibia) in their efforts to
improve their capacity to collectively manage the basin.

Specifically, this component addressed Output 10 of the EPSMO project: Database and
GIS design for an expanded Okavango Basin Information System (OBIS). The following
aspects of the design are discussed below:

1. DATABASE
2. COORDINATE SYSTEM
3. METADATA
4. FILE NAMING/GROUPING
5. DATA SERVING
6. SERVING DATA WITH ARCGIS SERVER
7. DATABASE DESIGN MODEL FOR OBIS






4
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
1. DATABASE: File Geodatabase (ESRI) at HOORC

The Pdf document entitled "GIS DATABASE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF THE OKAVANGO RIVER BASIN PROJECT"
was compiled by a consultant associated with the project and is attached separately. It
describes aspects of available data for the Okavango basin.
The OBIS database will initially be stored at HOORC, but the possibility exists to
replicate the database to other locations. The ESRI file geodatabase is recommended
for OBIS. It is ideal for working with file-based datasets for GIS projects, and for use in
small workgroups. It has strong performance and scales well to hold extremely large
data volumes without requiring the use of a Database Management System (DBMS).
Plus, it is portable across operating systems.The file geodatabase is a new geodatabase
type released in ArcGis version 9.2. Its goals are to :
· Provide a widely available, simple, and scalable geodatabase solution for all
users.
· Provide a portable geodatabase that works across operating systems.
· Scale up to handle very large datasets.
· Provide excellent performance and scalability, for example, to support individual
datasets containing well over 300 million features and datasets that can scale
beyond 500 GB per file with very fast performance.
· Use an efficient data structure that is optimized for performance and storage. File
geodatabases use about one third of the feature geometry storage required by
shapefiles and personal geodatabases. File geodatabases also allow users to
compress vector data to a read-only format to reduce storage requirements even
further.
· Out perform shapefiles for operations involving attributes and scale the data size
limits way beyond shapefile limits.
File and personal geodatabases are designed to be edited by a single user and do not
support geodatabase versioning. With a file geodatabase, it is possible to have more
than one editor at the same time providing they are editing in different feature datasets,
standalone feature classes or tables. The file geodatabase is recommended over
personal geodatabases. The diagram below shows the structure of a geodatabase.
There will be no need for geodatabase versioning as the number of direct data editors at
HOORC will be limited. Therefore, ArcSDE (Spatial Data Engine) will not be deployed
at this time. However, this may change if the number of concurrent gis-data editors
grows.




5
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
Schematic representation of Geodatabase structure.









6
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
2. COORDINATE SYSTEM

All data will be stored in Geographic coordinates (Lat/Long) using the GC-WGS84
system. Where needed, conversion routines will be employed to convert data with other
coordinates to the database coordinate parameters.





7
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
3. METADATA

The international Metadata standard ISO 19115 (Geographic Information--Metadata)
will be used. Individual metadata will initially be stored as HTML files or text files for easy
distribution and access.
The ISO standard 19115, Geographic Information--Metadata, was designed for
international use and attempts to satisfy the requirements of all existing metadata
standards. It allows for either general or detailed descriptions of data sources, makes
some allowances for describing resources other than data, and has a small number of
mandatory elements.





8
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
4. FILENAMING and FILEGOUPING

To improve data storage and data identification efficiency, standard file grouping and file
naming conventions will be employed for OBIS. The data structure for thematic layers
will follow the standardised definitions of ISO 19115 (see below). For the naming of
individual files, the structure of the SDSFIE (Spatial Data Standard for Facilities,
Infrastructure and Environment) file naming conventions will be used, whereby data
layers are named according to the following convention:
topic_category_featurename_featuretype.
The country naming convention will follow the ISO 3166 country codes of Angola AO,
Botswana BW and Namibia NA.






9
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
5. DATA SERVING

Data from the database will be served using ArcGIS Server through a WEBPAGE
connected to the HOORC website. Through the interface provided it will be possible to:
- obtain an overview of available data
- search for data
- access simple metadata about the data
- access predefined maps in PDF and/or JPEG format
-access interactive maps via cached map services

ArcGIS Server is a comprehensive, Web-based GIS that provides a range of out-of-the-
box applications and services for mapping, analysis, data collection, editing, and
management of spatial information. The use of a map cache is recommended.
An ArcGIS Server map cache is an effective way to build high performance, scalable
server-based mapping solutions that can work for hundreds and even thousands of
users. A cache can increase the performance of ArcGIS Server applications and enable
delivery of very high quality maps that take advantage of the rich cartographic
capabilities that are part of ArcMap and ArcGIS.

An ArcGIS Server map cache consists of a collection of pre-rendered map tiles that can
be used for high performance map display and use. Cached map services as opposed to
dynamic map services display quickly because the map image does not have to be
rendered on the fly at the time the user requests it. Instead, the rendering of the map
image is precomputed when the map cache is created. Map caches are useful for
serving map content that changes only periodically.




GIS maps can contain two types of map layers:
· Base map layers. A GIS base map is a group of overlays that work together to
provide a harmonious view on which users perform tasks and visualization of
other information. Each base map provides a framework on which other
operational map layers can be used. Base map layers typically contain a simple


10
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
set of tools for map navigation, map query, scale dependent display, feature
identification and selection, address geocoding, and so forth.
· Operational layers. These map layers are used to conduct work tasks within your
GIS map application. Operational layers are used to display dynamic map
information such as representations of ever-changing sensor observations, status
layers, layers used to perform editing tasks, and layers used to perform focused
tasks. Tools associated with operational layers tend to be based on work tasks
and workflows.








11
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
6. SERVING DATA WITH ARCGIS SERVER
The data will be served through a shared folder on the HOORC local area network
(LAN), using a database connection as illustrated below.









12
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
7. DATABASE DESIGN MODEL FOR OBIS

There a two options as shown in the diagrams below: to serve the data as basin-wide
data or to serve the data by country. Due to the nature and state of the currently
available data (some data available basin-wide and other data by country only) it is
necessary to combine both options for OBIS. This is achieved by maintaining basin-wide
data folders for available basin-wide data (e.g. for digital-elevation data) and country-
folders for country-specific datasets. The latter may involve datasets that are available
only for a specific country or country datasets that are not entirely compatible between
countries.


13
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design

Diagram Option 1: Serve basin-wide data: Seamless, continuous basin-wide data






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































14
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design

Diagram Option 2: Serve country-specific data: not seamless across country borders






By country



Botswana
Namibia
Angola






















15
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
ENTITY SET
example
entity set code entity class
entity class code
filename prefix
A
UDITORY
noise pollution level
au
B
OUNDARY
district boundary, provincial bound
bd
boundary_national
nat
bdnat
BUILDINGS
monumental building
bg
bg
C
ADASTRE
plot or field
cd
cadastre_property
pty
cdpty
CLIMATE
temperature rainfall
cl
climate_general
gen
clgen
C
OMMON
cm
cm
COMMUNICATION
telephone
co
communication_device dev
codev
C
ULTURAL
archaeology, history
cr
cultural_archeological
arc
crarc
DEMOGRAPHICS
village town populations
de
demographic_enumareaenu
deenu
E
COLOGY
habitat
ec
ecology_habitat
hab
echab

ENVIRONMENTAL_HAZARDS pollution
eh
envhaz_airpollution
air
ehair
FAUNA
w ildlife
fa
fauna_amphibia
amp
faamp

FLORA
trees
fl
flora_bryoid
bry
flbry
FUTURE_PROJECTS
fp
fp
G
EODETIC
survey beacons
gd
geodetic_survey
gd
GEOLOGY
lithology
ge
geology_lithology
ge
H
YDROGRAPHY
w ater level, river
hy
hydro_general
gen
hygen
IM PROVEMENT
im
im
LAND_STATUS
land-use
ls
landstatus_general
gen lsgen

LANDFORM
topography
lf
landform_general
gen
lfgen
MILITARY_OPERATIONS
ml
ml
O
LFACTORY
stink
ol
ol
SOIL
soils
so
soil_general
gen
sogen

TRANSPORTATION
roads
tr
transportation_air
air
trair
UT ILITIES
electricity
ut
utilities_electrical
el
utel
VISUAL
aestetic
vs
visual_aestheticview
aes
vsaes

OTHER











The SDSFIE standard (Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure and Environment)




16
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
ISO 19115 Code list

Name
Domain
Definition
code
MD_TopicCategoryCode
TopicCatCd high-level geographic data thematic classification to assist in the grouping and search of available geographic

data sets.
Listed examples are not exhaustive. NOTE It is understood there are overlaps between general categories and
the user is encouraged to select the one most appropriate.
farming 001
rearing of animals and/or cultivation of plants. Examples: agriculture, irrigation, aquaculture, plantations,
herding, pests and diseases affecting crops and livestock
biota
002
flora and/or fauna in natural environment. Examples: wildlife, vegetation, biological sciences, ecology,
wilderness, sealife, wetlands, habitat
boundaries
003
legal land descriptions. Examples: political and administrative boundaries
climatologyMeteorologyAt
004
processes and phenomena of the atmosphere. Examples: cloud cover, weather, climate, atmospheric
mosphere
conditions, climate change, precipitation
economy
005
economic activities, conditions and employment. Examples: production, labour, revenue, commerce, industry,
tourism and ecotourism, forestry, fisheries, commercial or subsistence hunting, exploration and exploitation of
resources such as minerals, oil and gas
elevation
006
height above or below sea level. Examples: altitude, bathymetry, digital elevation models, slope, derived
products, monitoring environmental risk, nature reserves, landscape
environment
007
environmental resources, protection and conservation. Examples: environmental pollution, waste storage and
treatment, environmental impact assessment
geoscientificInformation
008
information pertaining to earth sciences. Examples: geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals,
sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic
activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, erosion
health
009
health, health services, human ecology, and safety. Examples: disease and illness, factors affecting health,
hygiene, substance abuse, mental and physical health, health services
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover 010
base maps. Examples: land cover, topographic maps, imagery, unclassified images, annotations
intelligenceMilitary
011
military bases, structures, activities. Examples: barracks, training grounds, military transportation, information
collection
inlandWaters 012
inland water features, drainage systems and their characteristics. Examples: rivers and glaciers, salt lakes,
water utilization plans, dams, currents, floods, water quality, hydrographic charts
location
013
positional information and services. Examples: addresses, geodetic networks, control points, postal zones and
services, place names
oceans 014
features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters). Examples: tides, tidal waves,
coastal information, reefs
planningCadastre 015
information used for appropriate actions for future use of the land. Examples: land use maps, zoning maps,
cadastral surveys, land ownership
society 016
characteristics of society and cultures. Examples: settlements, anthropology, archaeology, education, traditional


17
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
beliefs, manners and customs, demographic data, recreational areas and activities, social impact assessments,
crime and justice, census information
structure
017
man-made construction. Examples: buildings, museums, churches, factories, housing, monuments, shops,
towers
transportation
018
means and aids for conveying persons and/or goods. Examples: roads, airports/airstrips, shipping routes,

tunnels, nautical charts, vehicle or vessel location, aeronautical charts, railways
utilitiesCommunication 019 energy, water and waste systems and communications infrastructure and services. Examples: hydroelectricity,
geothermal, solar and nuclear sources of energy, water purification and distribution, sewage collection and
disposal, electricity and gas distribution, data communication, telecommunication, radio, communication
networks




18
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design
The Okavango River Basin Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis Technical
Reports

In 1994, the three riparian countries of the
establish a base of available scientific evidence
Okavango River Basin ­ Angola, Botswana and
to guide future decision making. The study,
Namibia ­ agreed to plan for collaborative
created from inputs from multi-disciplinary teams
management of the natural resources of the
in each country, with specialists in hydrology,
Okavango, forming the Permanent Okavango
hydraulics, channel form, water quality,
River Basin Water Commission (OKACOM). In
vegetation, aquatic invertebrates, fish, birds,
2003, with funding from the Global Environment
river-dependent terrestrial wildlife, resource
Facility, OKACOM launched the Environmental
economics and socio-cultural issues, was
Protection and Sustainable Management of the
coordinated and managed by a group of
Okavango River Basin (EPSMO) Project to
specialists from the southern African region in
coordinate development and to anticipate and
2008 and 2009.
address threats to the river and the associated

communities and environment. Implemented by
The following specialist technical reports were
the United Nations Development Program and
produced as part of this process and form
executed by the United Nations Food and
substantive background content for the
Agriculture Organization, the project produced
Okavango River Basin Transboundary Diagnostic
the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis to
Analysis.

Final Study
Reports integrating findings from all country and background reports, and covering the entire
Reports
basin.


Aylward, B.
Economic Valuation of Basin Resources: Final Report to
EPSMO Project of the UN Food & Agriculture Organization as
an Input to the Okavango River Basin Transboundary
Diagnostic Analysis


Barnes, J. et al.
Okavango River Basin Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis:
Socio-Economic Assessment Final Report


King, J.M. and Brown,
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment Project
C.A.
Initiation Report (Report No: 01/2009)


King, J.M. and Brown,
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment EFA
C.A.
Process Report (Report No: 02/2009)


King, J.M. and Brown,
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
C.A.
Guidelines for Data Collection, Analysis and Scenario Creation
(Report No: 03/2009)


Bethune, S. Mazvimavi, Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
D. and Quintino, M.
Delineation Report (Report No: 04/2009)


Beuster, H.
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
Hydrology Report: Data And Models(Report No: 05/2009)

Beuster,
H. Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
Scenario Report : Hydrology (Report No: 06/2009)


Jones, M.J.
The Groundwater Hydrology of The Okavango Basin (FAO
Internal Report, April 2010)


King, J.M. and Brown,
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
C.A.
Scenario Report: Ecological and Social Predictions (Volume 1
of 4)(Report No. 07/2009)


King, J.M. and Brown,
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
C.A.
Scenario Report: Ecological and Social Predictions (Volume 2
of 4: Indicator results) (Report No. 07/2009)


King, J.M. and Brown,
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
C.A.
Scenario Report: Ecological and Social Predictions: Climate
Change Scenarios (Volume 3 of 4) (Report No. 07/2009)


King, J., Brown, C.A.,
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment
Joubert, A.R. and
Scenario Report: Biophysical Predictions (Volume 4 of 4:
Barnes, J.
Climate Change Indicator Results) (Report No: 07/2009)


King, J., Brown, C.A.
Okavango River Basin Environmental Flow Assessment Project
and Barnes, J.
Final Report (Report No: 08/2009)


Malzbender, D.
Environmental Protection And Sustainable Management Of The
Okavango River Basin (EPSMO): Governance Review


19
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design

Vanderpost,
C.
and

Database and GIS design for an expanded Okavango Basin
Dhliwayo, M.
Information System (OBIS)


Veríssimo, Luis
GIS Database for the Environment Protection and Sustainable
Management of the Okavango River Basin Project

Wolski,
P.
Assessment of hydrological effects of climate change in the
Okavango Basin




Country Reports
Angola
Andrade e Sousa,
Análise Diagnóstica Transfronteiriça da Bacia do Rio
Biophysical Series
Helder André de
Okavango: Módulo do Caudal Ambiental: Relatório do
Especialista: País: Angola: Disciplina: Sedimentologia &
Geomorfologia


Gomes, Amândio
Análise Diagnóstica Transfronteiriça da Bacia do Rio
Okavango: Módulo do Caudal Ambiental: Relatório do
Especialista: País: Angola: Disciplina: Vegetação

Gomes,
Amândio
Análise Técnica, Biofísica e Socio-Económica do Lado
Angolano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Cubango: Relatório
Final:Vegetação da Parte Angolana da Bacia Hidrográfica Do
Rio Cubango


Livramento, Filomena
Análise Diagnóstica Transfronteiriça da Bacia do Rio
Okavango: Módulo do Caudal Ambiental: Relatório do
Especialista: País: Angola: Disciplina:Macroinvertebrados


Miguel, Gabriel Luís
Análise Técnica, Biofísica E Sócio-Económica do Lado
Angolano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Cubango:
Subsídio Para o Conhecimento Hidrogeológico
Relatório de Hidrogeologia


Morais, Miguel
Análise Diagnóstica Transfronteiriça da Bacia do Análise Rio
Cubango (Okavango): Módulo da Avaliação do Caudal
Ambiental: Relatório do Especialista País: Angola Disciplina:
Ictiofauna

Morais,
Miguel
Análise Técnica, Biófisica e Sócio-Económica do Lado
Angolano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Cubango: Relatório
Final: Peixes e Pesca Fluvial da Bacia do Okavango em Angola


Pereira, Maria João
Qualidade da Água, no Lado Angolano da Bacia Hidrográfica
do Rio Cubango

Santos,
Carmen
Ivelize
Análise Diagnóstica Transfronteiriça da Bacia do Rio
Van-Dúnem S. N.
Okavango: Módulo do Caudal Ambiental: Relatório de
Especialidade: Angola: Vida Selvagem


Santos, Carmen Ivelize
Análise Diagnóstica Transfronteiriça da Bacia do Rio
Van-Dúnem S.N.
Okavango:Módulo Avaliação do Caudal Ambiental: Relatório de
Especialidade: Angola: Aves

Botswana Bonyongo, M.C.
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report: Country:
Botswana: Discipline: Wildlife


Hancock, P.
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module : Specialist Report: Country:
Botswana: Discipline: Birds

Mosepele,
K. Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report: Country:
Botswana: Discipline: Fish


Mosepele, B. and
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Dallas, Helen
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report: Country:
Botswana: Discipline: Aquatic Macro Invertebrates

Namibia
Collin Christian &
Okavango River Basin: Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis
Associates CC
Project: Environmental Flow Assessment Module:
Geomorphology


Curtis, B.A.
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report Country:
Namibia Discipline: Vegetation


Bethune, S.
Environmental Protection and Sustainable Management of the
Okavango River Basin (EPSMO): Transboundary Diagnostic
Analysis: Basin Ecosystems Report


Nakanwe, S.N.
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report: Country:
Namibia: Discipline: Aquatic Macro Invertebrates

Paxton,
M. Okavango River Basin Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist
Report:Country:Namibia: Discipline: Birds (Avifauna)


20
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design


Roberts, K.
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report: Country:
Namibia: Discipline: Wildlife

Waal,
B.V. Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report: Country:
Namibia:Discipline: Fish Life
Country Reports
Angola
Gomes, Joaquim
Análise Técnica dos Aspectos Relacionados com o Potencial
Socioeconomic
Duarte
de Irrigação no Lado Angolano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio
Series
Cubango: Relatório Final

Mendelsohn,
.J.
Land use in Kavango: Past, Present and Future


Pereira, Maria João
Análise Diagnóstica Transfronteiriça da Bacia do Rio
Okavango: Módulo do Caudal Ambiental: Relatório do
Especialista: País: Angola: Disciplina: Qualidade da Água


Saraiva, Rute et al.
Diagnóstico Transfronteiriço Bacia do Okavango: Análise
Socioeconómica Angola

Botswana Chimbari, M. and
Okavango River Basin Trans-Boundary Diagnostic Assessment
Magole, Lapologang
(TDA): Botswana Component: Partial Report: Key Public Health
Issues in the Okavango Basin, Botswana

Magole,
Lapologang
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of the Botswana Portion of
the Okavango River Basin: Land Use Planning


Magole, Lapologang
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) of the Botswana p
Portion of the Okavango River Basin: Stakeholder Involvement
in the ODMP and its Relevance to the TDA Process

Masamba,
W.R.
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of the Botswana Portion of
the Okavango River Basin: Output 4: Water Supply and
Sanitation


Masamba,W.R.
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of the Botswana Portion of
the Okavango River Basin: Irrigation Development

Mbaiwa.J.E. Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of the Okavango River
Basin: the Status of Tourism Development in the Okavango
Delta: Botswana


Mbaiwa.J.E. &
Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Tourism Activities
Mmopelwa, G.
and their Economic Benefits in the Okavango Delta

Mmopelwa,
G.
Okavango River Basin Trans-boundary Diagnostic Assessment:
Botswana Component: Output 5: Socio-Economic Profile


Ngwenya, B.N.
Final Report: A Socio-Economic Profile of River Resources and
HIV and AIDS in the Okavango Basin: Botswana

Vanderpost,
C.
Assessment of Existing Social Services and Projected Growth
in the Context of the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of the
Botswana Portion of the Okavango River Basin

Namibia
Barnes, J and
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Wamunyima, D
Environmental Flow Module: Specialist Report:
Country: Namibia: Discipline: Socio-economics


Collin Christian &
Technical Report on Hydro-electric Power Development in the
Associates CC
Namibian Section of the Okavango River Basin


Liebenberg, J.P.
Technical Report on Irrigation Development in the Namibia
Section of the Okavango River Basin


Ortmann, Cynthia L.
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis:
Environmental Flow Module : Specialist Report Country:
Namibia: discipline: Water Quality


Nashipili,
Okavango River Basin Technical Diagnostic Analysis: Specialist
Ndinomwaameni
Report: Country: Namibia: Discipline: Water Supply and
Sanitation

Paxton,
C.
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis: Specialist Report:
Discipline: Water Quality Requirements For Human Health in
the Okavango River Basin: Country: Namibia




21
TDA Basin Database and GIS Design




Document Outline