BeGLOBALENVIRONMENT current news
F A C I L I T Y
nguela
THE NEWSLETTER OF THE BENGUELA CURRENT LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEM PROGRAMME
July 2007 Issue 5
Inside News
The Benguela
Ministers usher in the Benguela Current Commission
2­4
Stakeholder workshop kickstarts SAP Implementation project
5
Current
Training and capacity building
6­8
Report highlights by-catch problem
9
African Nations working together to improve ocean governance
10
Commission
Tombwa set for environmental monitoring
11
Is the BCLME feeling the effects of global climate change? 12­13
The Northern Boundary Workshop
14­15
Projects supported by the BCLME Programme
16­20
by Dr Mick O'Toole
Biodiversity projects nearing completion
21
Public relations
22
T
Agulhas Somali Currents LME Programme set to begin
23
he Benguela Current Com-
institutional support necessary for
Forthcoming events
24
mission Interim Agreement
effective transboundary manage-
Sediment monitoring advised
25
was signed by Angola in
ment and to put in place legal and
Products of the BCLME Programme
26­31
Luanda on 31 January 2007, pav-
governance mechanisms to restore
ing the way for the first Ministerial
depleted fisheries and reduce
Conference which wil take place in
coastal degradation. It wil also be
Windhoek on 20 July. The Confer-
necessary for the three countries
ence wil be attended by Salomão
to realign national policies, legisla-
Juheto Xirimbimbi, Minister of
tion and operational practices to
Fisheries
(Angola),
Abraham
ensure a transboundary approach
Iyambo, Minister of Fisheries and
to implementing ecosystem-based
Marine Resources (Namibia) and
management.
Martinus van Schalkwyk, Minister
The GEF have now approved fund-
of Environmental Affairs and
ing to develop a new project entitled
Tourism (South Africa), along with
"Implementation of the Benguela
their national delegations. The first
Current LME Strategic Action
meeting of the Management Board
Programme for restoring depleted
wil take place the fol owing day.
fisheries and reducing coastal deg-
The main purpose of the Ministerial
radation". The project wil support
Conference wil be to review the
the institutional strengthening of
function, role and mandate of the
the Benguela Current Commission
Commission, to decide on the loca-
over the next four years.
tion and hosting of the Secretariat
It is anticipated that the Project
and to consider a programme of
Document wil be submitted to
action to implement the ecosys-
the GEF in August this year, and
tem approach to management of
if it is approved, a further tranche
the Benguela Current Large Marine
of US$5.0 mil ion (R35 mil ion) wil
Ecosystem.
be forthcoming from the GEF. The
The appointment of the Executive
funds wil be specifical y used to
Secretary and the Ecosystem Co-
establish the structures and under-
ordinator, along with the support
take the policy and management
staff for the Commission wil be
reforms needed to implement the
discussed. A proposed operational
ecosystem approach and to devel-
plan and a budget for the Secretariat
op a ful y fledged, legal y binding
wil be also be under discussion.
regional Convention that would be
self-financing and sustainable.
The embryonic Benguela Current
Commission wil require strong
It is expected that the current
Photo: Kolet e Grobler
support over the next four to five
BCLME Activity Centres in each of
years from both the GEF and other
the three countries wil serve as the
A large and very beautiful specimen of the jellyfish Chrysaora
partners. This is especial y impor-
hysoscella that washed up near Luderitz in Namibia recently.
tant in order to strengthen the
For more about jellyfish studies in the BCLME, turn to p.4.
continued.../2
1

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Ministers usher in the
Benguela Current Commission
Four government ministers from of its kind in the world and lays the together to tackle problems that
Namibia and South Africa met groundwork for Angola, Namibia affect the marine environment.
at the Assembly of the Global and South Africa to introduce an
Environment Facility to sign an ecosystem approach to manag-
These photographs were taken
Interim Agreement that led to the ing the BCLME. This means that, at the signing ceremony, which
establishment of the Benguela instead of managing living and took place in front of the spec-
Current Commission (BCC).
non-living resources at the nation-
tacular predator exhibit at the Two
al level, the countries will work Oceans Aquarium in Cape Town.
The BCC is the first commission
Simon Nhongo, Resident
Representative of the United
Nations Development Pro-
gramme (UNDP) in Namibia
welcomes delegates to the
signing ceremony.
Minister Marthinus van Schalkwyk of South Africa and Minister Wil-
lem Konjore of Namibia celebrate the signing of the Interim Agreement
leading to the establishment of the Benguela Current Commission.
Deputy Minister, Pedro João of Angola, looks on.
national focal point for the Benguela in the BCLME and implementing and benchmarks to build the neces-
1.../continued
Current Commission and assist ecosystem-based management sary capacity in the region to sup-
with facilitating communication and to ensure long-term sustainability port the process of adaptation to
information exchange between the and conservation of fisheries, vul-
an ecosystem-based management
Secretariat and the national gov-
nerable species and habitats. The approach. It is expected that much
ernments. The operation of these Commission will address science-
of the core scientific work wil be
national co-ordination units would based management activities funded by the three governments
be supported by GEF through the such as transboundary fish stock and supported through partner-
new SAP Implementation Project. assessment, marine protected ships with international institutions
It is also proposed that the activi-
areas, conservation of marine and donor countries. The fishing
ties of the Commission are support-
biodiversity and environmental industries, marine diamond mining
ed by a data and communications monitoring to support forecasting and offshore oil and gas sector are
manager and a training co-ordinator of extreme events and climate also expected to provide support to
who would provide assistance to change.
the Benguela Current Commission
the Secretariat during the first few
through partnerships in various
Annual assessments and audits of
years of operation. Funding to cover
project activities and participation in
the state of the fish stocks, eco-
the costs of these positions wil be
specific management and scientific
system health and the environment
sought from partner countries and
working groups.
wil be produced to provide the
international institutions.
Commission with necessary infor-
BCLME Chief Technical Advisor
The scientific activities of the mation to make wise management
(Programme Coordinator)
Benguela Current Commission decisions. It is also being proposed
that the Commission should have
Dr Mick O'Toole
wil focus on rebuilding the hake,
horse-mackerel and pilchard stocks a clearly defined training strategy
Bengu
curr e
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n a
ews
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Be
B n
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e s
w
Ministers sign the Interim Agreement, assisted by
Dr Abraham Iyambo, Minister of Fisheries Monique Barbut, Chief Executive Of icer of the Global
of icials from the South African Department of
and Marine Resources in Namibia signs the Environment Facility addresses the gathering.
Foreign Af airs.
Interim Agreement.
A Comissão da Corrente de Benguela
por Dr. Mick O'Toole
Conferência Ministerial serão rever
dos próximos 4-5 anos, tanto do
a função, papel e mandato da
GEF como de outros parceiros.
O Acordo Interino da Comissão
Comissão, decidir sobre a localiza-
Este apoio é especialmente impor-
da Corrente de Benguela foi
ção e acolhimento do Secretariado
tante de modo a reforçar o apoio
assinado por Angola em Luanda
e considerar um programa de acção
institucional necessário para uma
no dia 31 de Janeiro de 2007,
para implementar a abordagem
gestão transfronteiriça eficaz e
abrindo caminho para a primeira
de ecossistema para a gestão do
estabelecer mecanismos legais e
Conferência Ministerial que terá
Ecossistema Marinho da Corrente
de governação para restaurar as
lugar em Windhoek no dia 20
de Benguela.
pescas empobrecidas e reduzir a
de Julho. A Conferência terá a
degradação costeira. Será ainda
participação de Salomão Juheto
Será ainda discutida a contrata-
necessário que os três países alin-
Xirimbimbi, Ministro das Pescas
ção do Secretário Executivo e
hem políticas nacionais, legislação
(Angola),
Abraham
Iyambo,
Coordenador de Ecossistemas,
e práticas operacionais, de modo
Ministro das Pescas e Recursos
bem como do pessoal de apoio
a assegurar uma abordagem trans-
Marinhos (Namíbia) e Martinus van
para a Comissão. Para além disso,
fronteiriça para a implementação
Schalkwyk, Ministro do Ambiente e
estarão em discussão um plano
de uma gestão baseada no ecos-
Turismo (África do Sul), bem como
operacional e orçamento propostos
sistema.
das suas delegações nacionais. A
para o Secretariado.
primeira reunião do Conselho de
O GEF aprovou recentemente
Gestão decorrerá no dia seguinte.
A fase embrionária da Comissão
o financiamento para desen-
da Corrente de Benguela irá neces-
continuação.../4
volver um novo projecto entitu-
Os objectivos principais da
sitar de um grande apoio ao longo
lado "Implementação do Programa
3

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Estratégico de Acção do LME
namento destas unidades de coor-
previsão de eventos extremos e
3.../continued
da Corrente de Benguela para
denação nacional será apoiado pelo
alterações climáticas.
Restaurar as Pescas Empobrecidas
GEF através do novo Projecto de
e Reduzir a Degradação Costeira".
Implementação do SAP. Propõe-se
Serão preparadas avaliações e
O projecto irá apoiar o fortaleci-
igualmente que as actividades da
auditorias anuais do estado dos
mento institucional da Comissão da
Comissão sejam apoiadas por um
stocks pesqueiros, saúde do ecos-
Corrente de Benguela ao longo dos
gestor de dados e comunicações e
sistema e ambiente, de modo a
próximos quatro anos.
um coordenador de formação, que
fornecer à Comissão a informação
dariam assistência ao Secretariado
necessária para tomar decisões de
Prevê-se que o Documento de
durante os primeiros anos de fun-
gestão racionais. Propõe-se ainda
Projecto seja entregue ao GEF em
cionamento. Procurar-se-á obter
que a Comissão deverá ter uma
Agosto deste ano, e esperamos
financiamento junto dos países
estratégia e marcos de formação
que, se for aprovado, seja disponibi-
parceiros e instituições internacio-
claramente definidos para criar as
lizada pelo GEF uma nova quantia
nais para cobrir os custos destas
capacidades necessárias na região
de US$5.0 milhões (R35 milhões).
posições.
e apoiar o processo de adaptação a
Os fundos serão usados especifi-
uma abordagem de gestão baseada
camente para estabelecer as estru-
As actividades científicas da
no ecossistema. Espera-se que a
turas e levar a cabo as reformas
Comissão da Corrente de Benguela
maior parte do trabalho científico
políticas e de gestão necessárias
concentrar-se-ão na recuperação
central seja financiada pelos três
para implementar a abordagem de
dos stocks de pescada, sardinha
governos e apoiada através de par-
ecossistema e para desenvolver
e carapau no BCLME e na imple-
cerias com instituições internacio-
uma Convenção regional completa
mentação da gestão baseada no
nais e países doadores. Espera-se
e legalmente vinculativa que seja
ecossistema para assegurar a sus-
ainda que as indústrias pesqueira,
auto-financiadora e sustentável.
tentabilidade e conservação a longo
mineira diamantífera e de explo-
prazo das pescas, espécies vul-
ração petrolífera no mar alto e de
Espera-se que os Centros de
neráveis e habitats. A Comissão
gás dêem apoio à Comissão da
Actividade BCLME em cada um
irá debruçar-se sobre actividades
Corrente de Benguela através de
dos três países sirvam como pontos
de gestão baseadas na ciência,
parcerias em várias actividades de
focais nacionais para a Comissão
tais como avaliações de stocks
projecto e participação em grupos
da Corrente de Benguela e dêem
pesqueiros transfronteiriços, áreas
de trabalho específicos de gestão
apoio na comunicação e troca de
marinhas protegidas, conservação
e científicos.
informação entre o Secretariado e
da biodiversidade marinha e moni-
Dr Mick O'Toole
os governos nacionais. O funcio-
torização ambiental para apoiar a
Coordenador do Programa BCLME
Jel yfish in the Benguela Ecosystem
It has been estimated that there were 12.2 mil ion tons of jel yfish and only 0.8
mil ion tons of smal pelagic fish living in Namibian waters in 2003.
Now, a new research project seeks to investigate the links between jel yfish and
pelagic fish in the BCLME.
The research is funded by South Africa's National Research Foundation and coor-
dinated by Professor Mark Gibbons at the University of the Western Cape. Initial
research wil focus on genetic links between populations of jel yfish, as wel as
identifying jel yfish indicators of climate change. Laboratory research wil focus on
jel yfish reproduction and the growth characteristics and behaviour of the newly
released medusae. For instance, it has not yet been clarified whether pelagic fish
eat jel yfish or not.
Interested researchers, at the MSc, Phd and Post Doctoral level are urged to con-
tact Professor Gibbons for more details: mgibbons@uwc.ac.za
A beach full of jellyfish. A mass stranding of large Chrysaora hysoscella occurred
at Halifax beach, near Lüderitz in March. Although jellyfish wash-ups have oc-
curred on Lüderitz beaches before, this event was of a much larger scale. The
most abundant species were the large purple-red Chrysaora species. High den-
sites of these jellyfish were also recorded at sea by researchers from the Ministry
of Fisheries and Marine Resources during routine rock lobster surveys.
Photograph courtesy of Kolet e Grobler, MFMR, Namibia.
4

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Stakeholder workshop kickstarts Bengucurreent lnaews
SAP implementation project
In 2000, government ministers from Angola, Namibia and South Africa signed a Strategic Action
Programme (SAP) for the BCLME. The SAP details a range of environmental problems that occur
in the Benguela region, and sets out a blueprint for Angola, Namibia and South Africa to address
these problems through cooperative action.
Today, five years after the imple-
the three countries to harmonise
Also assisting with the Stakeholder
mentation phase of the BCLME
and realign national policies and leg-
Workshop were Nadine Pinnel
Programme began, the region is
islation and thereby establish a basis
and Lydia Mlunga of Integrated
poised to move into a new phase
for implementing an ecosystem
Environmental Consultants Namibia
of cooperative governance. As the
approach to managing the BCLME.
(IECN); Horst Kleinschmidt of the
BCLME Programme and its asso-
Another important objective is to
natural resources consultancy, Feike,
ciated projects near completion,
build the institutional structure of the
and Dr Nevil e Sweijd and Pavs Pil ay,
the three countries have started
BCC over the next four years.
Director and Training and Capacity
to work together through a new
Building Officer of BENEFIT respec-
project: Implementation of the
The development of the SAP
tively.
BCLME Strategic Action Programme
Implementation project was boosted
for restoring depleted fisheries and
in May when stakeholders associ-
Participation by stakeholders laid the
reducing coastal degradation.
ated with the BCLME Programme
groundwork for the development
met in Windhoek to map out the
of a Project Document for the SAP
The aim of the new project ­ which
objectives, outcomes, outputs and
Implementation project. This is cur-
has been conveniently label ed "SAP
deliverables of the new project.
rently being compiled by Mr Wil emse
Implementation" - is to build on the
and Dr Vousden and it is anticipated
successful partnerships that have
The stakeholder workshop was organ-
that the Project Document wil be
been developed through the BCLME
ised and managed by Nico Wilemse,
submitted to the Global Environment
Programme and to assist Angola,
Local Project Development Coordinator
Facility Secretariat at the end of
Namibia and South Africa to meet the
of the SAP Implementation project.
August. Final submissions wil be
commitments that were original y laid
Mr Wil emse was assisted by Dr
made to the GEF Council in October.
out in the SAP and later incorporated
David Vousden, Project Development
in the Interim Agreement leading to
If the Project Document is approved
Specialist who, together with Magnus
the establishment of the Benguela
by the GEF, funding is likely to be
Ngoile, Director General of the National
Current Commission (BCC).
released early in 2008, paving the
Environment Management Council
way for the implementation phase of
One of the most important objec-
of Tanzania, conducted the mid-term
the SAP Implementation project to
tives of the new project is to help
evaluation of the BCLME Programme.
begin in March 2008.
El en Kuzwayo to launch in South Africa
South Africa's newest fisheries research ship, which al ows researchers to monitor currents
El en Kuzwayo, is to be launched in Cape Town while the ship is underway. She is also wel
later this year. She is currently being fitted out by equipped for acoustic surveys, carrying a Simrad
local shipbuilders, Farocean Marine.
EK60 scientific echo sounder, plus 38, 120 and
200 kHz echo sounders.
The 43.2 m fisheries and environmental research
vessel wil replace the inshore research vessel, An observation deck and a diving platform wil
Sardinops, which has been in service for an as- make it possible for researchers to observe and
tonishing 49 years! Built by Globe Engineering in monitor marine mammals, seabirds and sharks
Cape Town in 1958, the Sardinops has conduct- and comfortably and safely deploy divers from
ed monthly surveys of the rock lobster fishing the stern of the ship.
grounds for decades.
An interesting feature of the El en Kuzwayo is her
"The Sardinops was restricted to working inside large anti-rol ing tank. This has been fitted close
the Exclusive Economic Zone," said Sharon du to the bow and wil be fil ed with water. A series
Plessis, Research Technician at Marine and of baffles inside the tank wil help to move the
Out with the old and in with the new. South Africa's in-
Coastal Management.
water from one side of the ship to the other in a
shore research vessel, Sardinops (top), which has been in
sequence that is out of synch with the ship's rol .
"With El en Kuzwayo there is potential to under-
service for 49 years, wil be replaced by the modern and
take transboundary work and she is very wel "The anti-rol ing tank wil give the ship extra sta-
wel equipped 43.2 m El en Kuzwayo (below).
equipped for environmental surveys."
bility and wil make working on this vessel a lot
El en Kuzwayo was a teacher, social worker, commu-
more comfortable," said Ms du Plessis.
The El en Kuzwayo is equipped with a wet labo-
nity worker, writer and member of South Africa's first
ratory with connecting freezers. She also has a The El en Kuzwayo has accommodation for 21
democratical y elected Parliament. She was a power-
CTD lab, a dry lab and a plankton laboratory.
people, including crew and researchers. There
ful anti-apartheid campaigner and a tireless fighter for
are seven two-person cabins and seven single
women's rights. El en Kuzwayo died in 2006 at the age
Her scientific equipment includes a thermosalino- cabins. Al have en suite ablution facilities.
of 91. She is among five South African heroines who
graph system, a remote temperature probe, a
have lent their names to the country's fleet of research
CTD and rosette system and an ADCP system
and patrol vessels.
5

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Training and Capacity Building
The BCLME training programme is steaming ahead. A host of training and capacity building
activities have taken place and a range of new activities is planned for the remainder of the
year. Moreover, in addition to supporting three students from previous academic years,
the BCLME Programme is currently supporting another three students from the region with full
bursaries, 10 people on the DLIST programme and three with book and stationery grants. The
table below details the student support that is being provided by the BCLME Programme.
by Pavs Pillay
Table I Students currently being supported by the BCLME Programme
STUDENT NAME
INSTITUTION
DEGREE / DIPLOMA
Current Students:
Selma Nuuyoma
Cape Peninsula University of Technology B.Tech
Pavs Pil ay
David Kaanandunge
Cape Peninsula University of Technology B.Tech
Jackson Karupa
University of Zululand
BSc.
New Students:
Selma Nasheya
University of Cape Town
Honours in Environment Studies
Afonso Estevao
University of Agostinho Neto
Master of Science
Barbara Paterson
University of Cape Town
Post-doctoral study
Book Grants:
Liyambo Inekela
Rhodes University
Honours in Environmental Science
Nesshuku Hanna
University of Pretoria
Honours in Applied Science
Ferdinand Mwapopi
University of the Western Cape
Honours in Biological Science
DLIST Programme:
Esthe Jordaan
Environmental Engineering Sustainable
Course work ­ distance learning
Mat hew Hanghome
Development in Coastal Areas
Bonnet ie Nakambonde
Calvin Sisamu
Nelda Katjivena
Gabriel Shekutamba
Godfrey Sitengu
Jefta-Moses Ampueja
Sivanus Uunona
Reinhold Amutenya
The BCLME Programme, along with hosted on Robben Island in Cape intensive course will be hosted
the BENEFIT Secretariat, hosted and Town, South Africa. The style of the by the Namibian Polytechnic in
facilitated a total of six short courses various courses has been designed Windhoek. The latter course has
between November 2006 and April to maximize the value and outcome been tailor-made and will accom-
2007, training a total of 93 people of each course.
modate 16 Angolan researchers
from the region. These courses have
and technicians.
The BCLME Programme is plan-
ranged from hands on laboratory
Later in the year, the BCLME
The first part of a seabird ring-
ning two English courses for
style workshops, to lecture-style
Programme and BENEFIT will
ing and rehabilitation course was
researchers and technicians in
courses and practical field work - as
host a week-long course on global
run on Robben Island, near Cape
Angola. One course will be host-
in the case of the seabird ringing
information systems (GIS).
Town by the company AFRING.
ed by the Instituto de Línguas in
and rehabilitation course which was
Participants gained first hand
Luanda and a second, three-week
experience of catching and ringing
seabirds. This was fol owed by Table I Short courses which have been funded by the BCLME
extensive training on data col-
lection and data base manage-

as part of training and capacity building ef orts
ment. The importance of accurate
data col ection, verification and COURSE NAME
FACILITATORS
curation was stressed and the Zooplankton workshop
Dr Janet Grieve & Dr Hans Verheye
participants were trained in best Seabird ringing & rehabilitation course
Dr Doug Harebot le & Dr Vanessa Strauss
practices. Furthermore, the vital Fish aging
Dr Deon Durholtz
role of regular seabird monitoring HAB workshop
Dr Jacob Larzen
was demonstrated; these animals Management of bal ast water and invasive species
Dr Lynn Jackson, Mr. Adnan Awad & Ms Leticia Greyling
provide valuable indicators of EIA in the BCLME
Dr Peter Tarr
ecosystem health.
6

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Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
Get ing to grips with EIA
Twenty environmental manag-
Participants work for a wide range
ers from Angola, Namibia and of organisations ­ from fisher-
South Africa met in Swakopmund ies, petroleum and environment
recently to learn more about envi-
ministries to national projects like
ronmental impact assessments.
NACOMA. Most hold relatively
This workshop was run by the senior positions in their organi-
Southern African Institute for sations and either contribute
Environmental Assessment (SAIEA) towards the setting of terms of
and presented jointly by Peter Tarr reference for impact assessments,
and Zeka Alberto.
or are required to comment on
EIAs in the course of their work.
The overall theme of the course The course was consequently
was `decision maker's dilemma' ­ designed to improve understand-
the challenges faced by mid-level ing of impact assessments and
decision makers in the BCLME teach the skills required to review Pictured in Swakopmund at the impact assessment and decision-making
Region.
EIAs.
workshop are (back row) Deon Louw, Domingos Neto, Theressa Frantz, Francis
Santambwa, John Paterson, Aunie Gebardt, Peter Tarr, Heidi Currie, Helena
André, Anja Kreiner, Alwyn Engelbrecht, Berdine Potgeiter and Petrus Shuuya.
In front are Kolette Grobler, Heidi Skrypzeck, Paloma El itson, Anja van der
Plas, Ema Gomez, Janine Basson, Ana Yolanda Gonçalves.
Regional phytoplankton specialists learn about HABs
Among the thousands of spe-
that was hosted by the Namibian
cies of microscopic algae at the
Ministry of Fisheries and Marine
base of the marine food chain
Resources in Swakopmund in
are a few dozen that produce
February. The workshop was
toxins. These species make their
funded by the BCLME Programme
presence known in many ways,
and organised by the BENEFIT
causing mass mortalities of fish
Secretariat.
and shellfish, human illness and
"During the workshop, partici-
deaths, altering marine trophic
pants were introduced to the con-
structure and leading to the death
cept of Harmful Algal Blooms and
of marine mammals, seabirds,
we concentrated mostly on likely
and other animals.
species in the region, as well
The impact of harmful algal blooms
as species which are possibly
(HABs) on aquaculture operations
toxic," says Pavs Pillay, Training
can be particularly severe. Farmed
and Capacity Building Officer
fish mortalities caused by HABs
for BENEFIT and the BCLME
have increased considerably in
Programme.
recent years and are now a major
Lectures on the different harmful
concern to fish farmers and their
groups were given, supported by
insurance companies.
a manual on harmful marine algae Participating in the HABs work-
practical examination of species
(edited by Hallegraeff, Anderson shop were (back row): Ulrik Larzen,
Following an intensive 10-day
under the microscopic. Cultures
and Cembella) and a certificate of Philippa Wing, Trevor Bel , Paulo
training course, marine biologists
of toxic species were examined
attendance. A copy of Identifying André da Sousa Coelho, Martin
in the Benguela region are bet-
to show the characteristics used
Marine Phytoplankton (edited by Tjipute, Erasmus Kakonya, Jan J.
ter equipped than ever to iden-
to identify each species.
Thomas) was presented to each Gei-Khaub, Gosberth Hamutenya,
tify toxic and harmful algae which
Practical advice about working in
country as reference material.
Deon Louw, Pavitray (Pavs)
may create adverse impacts
different marine environments,
Pil ay. In front are (r-l): Charlotte-
across the entire coastal ecosys-
A follow-up workshop was pro-
sampling procedures, various
Ann Uys, Maria Filomena Almeida
tem, sometimes in subtle ways
posed for February/March 2008.
counting techniques were dem-
Oliveira Livramento, Anna-Lucia
that are difficult to detect.
onstrated, and monitoring and
Muku-mangeni, Nelda Katjivena,
In all, 16 biologists from the
management considerations were
Twalinohamba Akawa, Chibola
BCLME region - including three
also taught.
Chik-wililwa, Elana Wright,
from Angola, three from South
Each participant was provided with
Jacob Larzen, Arminda da Cunha
Africa and 10 from Namibia -
a personal CD copy of the lectures,
Silva, Juliana Cristina Nascimento
took part in the HAB workshop
continued.../8 Muai.
7

---

Training and Capacity Building
7/...continued
Zooplankton experts share knowledge and experience
Detailed zooplankton taxonomic
It was an intensive two week
analysis has the potential to pro-
course focusing on microscopy
vide the BCC with practical infor-
skil s and zooplankton identifica-
mation which may be applied to tion. Practical sessions on taxon-
a range of issues such as climate
omy and microscope identification
change, biodiversity, the introduc-
of different zooplankton groups
tion of alien species, pol ution and were interspersed with lectures on
eutrophication, and of course, fish-
the Benguela Current ecosystem,
eries management.
zooplankton ecology, sampling
devices used for the col ection of
The Workshop
zooplankton, traditional and novel
To address the decline in zooplank-
techniques used for sample analy-
ton expertise in the BCLME, a
sis, copepod morphology, using
regional training course in zooplank-
keys, and copepod dissection and
ton taxonomy and species identifi-
observation.
cation was developed by Dr Hans
One of the outcomes of the
Verheye, a specialist scientist at
course was the production of a
Marine and Coastal Management
guide to common copepods. This
(MCM) in South Africa.
was compiled by Drs Huggett and
Participants from Angola,
Five scientists and technicians
Bradford-Grieve as an informal but
In the coastal upwel ing region of
Namibia and South Africa at
from each of the three BCLME useful take home tool for the par-
the regional zooplankton taxon- the BCLME, data on zooplankton countries took part in the train- ticipants. It is now available on the
omy and identification training have been col ected routinely - ing workshop. Their participation BCLME Programme website.
workshop. Standing (from left to primarily in support of fisheries was supported by their respective
right) are Hans Verheye (MCM), research - since the early 1950s.
The copepod guide is envisioned
national government institutions,
Anja Kreiner (NatMIRC), However, over the past two dec-
as the first in a series of iden-
Dianna Gianakouras (MCM),
including the National Institute
ades the region has lost a sub-
tification guides to other taxa.
Susan Jones (MCM), Bernado
of Fisheries Research (INIP) in
stantial number of zooplankton
These taxa include euphausi ds,
Fernandes (INIP); Janet Grieve
Angola, the National Marine
specialists.
decapod larvae, amphipods and
(Facilitator, NIWA); Antonio da
Information and Research Centre,
chaetognaths, which ­ although
Silva (BENEFIT); Allie Gumbo The rapid dwindling of zooplank- (NatMIRC) in Namibia and MCM in often abundant in zooplankton col-
(NatMIRC); Victor Hashoongo
(NatMIRC) Catharina Rudy ton taxonomic expertise has lim- South Africa. Funds for the work- lections in the region ­ were exam-
(INIP); Alice Martins (INIP); ited local scientists in their ability shop were sourced from BENEFIT ined only to a lesser extent during
and Twali Akawa (NatMIRC). to study changes in zooplankton and the BCLME Programme, as the workshop.
Seated are Jenny Huggett community structure. Such knowl- wel as from the Alfred P. Sloan The zooplankton workshop helped
(MCM); Marco Worship (MCM); edge is essential for understand- Foundation (USA) through the
Nelda Katjivena (NatMIRC);
to move the region towards stand-
ing and even predicting the impact
Census of Marine Zooplankton
Tito Milagre (INIP) and Eramus
ardising protocol and identifica-
that environmental change can (CMarZ), a project of the global
Kakonya (NatMIRC)
tion verification. This can only be
have on fish stocks. In addition
Census of Marine Life. Dr Verheye
comprehensively achieved if there
to the harvesting of marine living
is a member of the steering group
are annual zooplankton identifica-
resources, the region is a hub of of the CMarZ project.
tion and verification workshops,
maritime activities, including oil
The workshop was facilitated by
which was one of the recommen-
and gas exploration and produc-
Dr Janet Bradford-Grieve, a world
dations that emanated from this
tion, diamond mining and shipping. authority on copepod taxonomy workshop. The zooplankton group
The impacts of these activities on
from New Zealand's National
has also developed a zooplankton
ecosystem health require judicious
Institute of Water and Atmospheric
working group for the region and
management at the ecosystem
Research (NIWA) in Wel ington,
wil have inter-sessional discus-
level and the Benguela Current
and a member of the CMarZ steer-
sions and interactions via email.
Commission (BCC) was recently
ing group.
established for that purpose.
8

---

Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
Report highlights by-catch problem
The global environmental conservation organisation WWF, estimates that as many
as 34 000 seabirds, 4 200 sea turtles and over seven million sharks and skates are
caught by longline fishing boats in the BCLME region annually.
These figures are included in a report
focused on raising awareness about
menting an ecosystem approach to
that was released in Cape Town in
threatened species and developing
fisheries by 2010.
April and in Namibia in June.
alternative livelihoods to fishing.
The report also provides practical The unnecessary killing of sea-
The report, "Towards an Ecosystem
Recommendations for Namibia are
recommendations and guidelines birds like this shy albatross can
Approach to Longline Fisheries in
focused on the need to include
for reducing these impacts. Among be avoided by following a few
the Benguela: An assessment of
by-catch mitigation measures in
the guidelines is the recommend-
simple strategies, including set-
impacts on seabirds, sea turtles
fishing regulations and the need
ed use of bird-scaring lines that ting lines at night and consist-
and sharks", was compiled and
to col ect further information about
deter seabirds, including the endan-
ently using a tori line, or bird
scaring device.
edited by Samantha Petersen of
the impact of fishing on the eco-
gered albatross, from diving onto
BirdLife South Africa and Deon Nel
system.
the thousands of baited hooks set
and Aaniyah Omardien of WWF
by longline vessels in the BCLME
South Africa. It represents the cul-
In South Africa, a critical concern
region annual y.
mination of a three-year BCLME-
is the low level of compliance with
funded project which focused on
fisheries permit conditions which
"The project has also been active
the assessment of incidental by-
require skippers to use bird-scaring
in raising the level of awareness
catch in the longline fisheries of the
lines.
about this issue within the fish-
Benguela, including the fisheries
ing industry and developed mecha-
According to Samantha Petersen,
for hake, tuna and swordfish.
nisms for the industry to be part of
the WWF by-catch assessment
the solution," says Ms Petersen.
Despite global concern about the
report provides a platform from
impact of fisheries on seabirds,
which informed decisions can be
Workshops, training programmes
turtles and sharks, very few region-
made that wil reduce the impact
and face-to-face interaction with
al assessments such as this one
of fishing on threatened species in
fishers, fisheries inspectors and
exist.
the region.
observers, have al been under-
Pictured at the Cape Town
taken in an effort to change the launch of the WWF report are
The new WWF report makes spe-
"These impacts need to be taken
mindsets of skippers and fishers Johann Augustyn, Chief Director
cific recommendations to the three
seriously by the governments of
and encourage them to use by-
of Research and Development at
countries of the BCLME about
South Africa, Namibia, and Angola,
catch mitigation measures.
Marine and Coastal Management
and Maria de Lourdes Sardinha,
managing incidental by-catch in
as wel as relevant intergovern-
Director of the BCLME Pro-
longline fisheries.
mental regional fisheries organisa-
Petersen emphasises that, by con-
tions, as part of their commitment
sistently implementing a few sim-
gramme's Activity Centre for
In Angola, where seabirds and tur-
to implement a new ecosystem
ple measures, it is possible for Biodiversity, Ecosystem Health
and Pol ution in Luanda, Angola.
tles may be deliberately caught and
approach to fisheries" she says.
fishers to avoid catching seabirds
eaten by artisanal fishers, WWF
and turtles when fishing with lon-
recommends that efforts should be
The governments of the three
gline gear.
countries have committed to imple-
By-catch report released in Namibia
The report, "Towards an Ecosystem
of regional col aboration in reducing
Approach to Longline Fisheries in
the numbers of seabirds, turtles
the Benguela: An assessment of
and sharks that are kil ed annual y in
impacts on seabirds, turtles and
the BCLME.
sharks", was presented to the
Samantha Petersen, Manager of
Namibian Minister of Fisheries and
"By working together, through the the BirdLife and WWF Responsible
Marine Resources, Dr Abraham
BCC, to address the impact that Fisheries Programme and Aaniyah
Iyambo, in June.
longline fishing has on these preda-
tors, Angola, Namibia and South Omardien, Manager of the WWF
Sanlam Marine Programme.
Speaking at the presentation, Dr
Africa have a unique opportunity to
Mick O'Toole, Chief Technical
contribute to global conservation
Advisor to the BCLME Programme,
efforts," said Dr O'Toole.
drew attention to the importance
Namibia's Minister of Fisheries and
Marine Resources, Dr Abraham Iyambo,
delivers a speech at the launch of the
WWF report which was held in Walvis
Bay in June.
9

---

African nations are working together
to improve ocean governance
The progress made with introducing an ecosystem approach to managing Africa's
ocean resources was the subject of discussion at the second Pan African Large
Marine Ecosystem Forum which took place in Cape Town.
The meeting was attended by oce-
Other recommendations of the Pan
to support NEPAD policies on fish-
anographers, fisheries scientists
African LME Forum were to:
eries and environment, and coop-
and senior managers from al over
eration with existing regional gov-
Strengthen strategic partner-
Africa. They discussed the progress
ships among African coastal states,
ernance mechanisms including the
of four Large Marine Ecosystem
Chika Ukwe, Project Manager of
regional and international organisa-
Abidjan and Nairobi conventions,
(LME) projects that are at various
the Guinea Current Large Marine
tions and agencies, aimed at the
regional fisheries bodies and river
Ecosystem Programme, address- stages of development around the recovery of the degraded African basin authorities;
es the second Pan-African LME continent of Africa. These are the LMEs;
Promote implementation of the
Forum.
BCLME Programme, the Canary
WSSD and UN Mil ennium Goals
Current LME Programme, which
Adopt best practices and exam-
through integrated management
unites the countries of North Africa,
ples of approaches to the recovery
and sustainable development of the
the Agulhas Somali Currents LME
and sustainability of LME trans-
African LMEs;
Programme, which brings together
boundary goods and services;
nine African nations to better man-
Initiate a co-ordinated assess-
Strengthen efforts to enhance
age the marine resources of East
ment of African LMEs in relation to
capture fisheries through improved
Africa, and the Guinea Current LME
adaptation mechanisms for mitigat-
regulation of access, MCS, combat-
Programme in West Africa.
ing the effects of climate change;
ing IUU and other measures.
At the Forum the African partici-
The African LME programmes and
Develop and strengthen co-
pants released a brief declaration
operation between African LME
their international sponsors are
which endorses the Large Marine
programmes to advance recovery
attempting to develop affordable
Ecosystem concept as a means for
of depleted fisheries resources and
and sustainable ocean observing
managing the oceans around Africa
recover and sustain marine ecosys-
systems to service the needs of
Justin Ahahanzo, Global and for implementing an ecosys-
tems;
African countries and the continent
Environment Fisheries Project tem approach. The declaration also
as a whole. To this end, in the week
Manager at the Intergovernmen- recommends building partnerships Mobilise financial resources to before the LME Forum took place,
tal Oceanographic Commission; between the Pan African LME pro- support the mitigation of ecologi- a number of young African ocea-
Professor Gotthilf Hempel, scien- grammes and the Global Ocean cal and socio-economic disruptions nographers participated in a leader-
tific advisor to the government Observing System (GOOS) of the of the LMEs caused by climate ship workshop aimed at building
of Bremen, Germany and George
Wiafe of the University of Ghana. Intergovernmental Oceanographic change;
physical ocean observing capacity
Commission.
Develop a harmonised approach
in Africa.
Delegates from al over Africa attended neer of the LME approach to ocean the Gambia, and Simon Nhongo, UNDP
the Pan-African LME forum in Cape governance, Edward David Singhatey, Resident Representative in Namibia.
Town. In front are Ken Sherman, a pio- Minister of Forestry and Environment in
10

---

Bengu
Tombwa set for
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
environmental monitoring
The repair and upgrade of the Angolan environmental research ship, Tombwa,
was completed in Cape Town recently. The upgrade has equipped the 46m
research ship to carry out routine environmental monitoring similar to that
which is conducted in Namibia and South Africa.
"She has been rigged to do the
Mr Robertson explains that the
standardised oceanographic sam-
Tombwa spent two weeks on the
pling that we do at two sites in
synchrolift in Cape Town harbour
South Africa and two sites in
where her hul was inspected,
Namibia," says Dr Larry Hutchings,
scraped and painted. The ship's
Senior Specialist Scientist at Marine
main engine and two auxiliary
and Coastal Management.
engines were serviced and over-
hauled, while the refrigeration, ven-
South Africa has been monitoring
tilation and air conditioning systems
environmental parameters, such
were repaired. Lifesaving equip-
as sea surface temperature, wind
ment, including life rafts, EPIRBS,
speed and currents off St Helena
SARTS and life jackets were serv-
Bay (on the west coast) for approxi-
iced and updated.
mately 60 years. Another sampling
station at Kommetjie on the Cape
"Although the ship had not been to
Peninsula has been operational for
sea since November 2005, the key
about 13 years. Similar stations
systems have been kept running,"
were set up at Walvis Bay in 2000
explains Mr Robertson, "but the
be thoroughly tested to determine The Angolan fisheries research ves-
and at 20° South in 2005.
systems for environmental research
whether it can play a meaningful sel, Tombwa, is pictured on the
were very limited."
synchrolift in Cape Town harbour
Now that the Tombwa is equipped
role in Angolan fisheries research.
to carry out oceanographic meas-
With the upgrade of the Tombwa,
As Mr Robertson explains, interfer-
urements, two environmental mon-
the oceanographic systems have
ence with the acoustic signal has
itoring lines are to be established off
been vastly improved. A new wet
plagued the Simrad system since
the Angolan coast at Namibe and
laboratory has been constructed on
INIP took delivery of the Tombwa.
Luanda. There is a possibility that a
the port side, replacing a disused
The cause of the interference may
third monitoring line wil be estab-
freezer compartment. The new
be the location of the main scientific
lished in the far north of Angola, off
laboratory wil be used to process
system blister, which is fitted very
Cabinda Province.
water and plankton samples.
far forward, close to the ship's bow.
The blister, which houses the ADCP,
"We want to derive oceanographic
A new davit, which wil be used
Simrad 38 Khz and 120 Khz trans-
indicators that are relevant to the
for deploying a CTD array has been
ducers, was also very encrusted. A
management of the most important
instal ed on the port side fo'castle
new fairing cover was fitted to the
marine resources in the region,"
deck. The CTD winch has been re-
ADCP transducer in an attempt to
explains Dr Hutchings, "in Angola
sited in line with the new davit and
reduce flow induced noise.
that would be horse mackerel and
fitted with a new conductor cable.
sardinel a."
"We engaged a specialist to sort
A second winch and davit have
A new winch and davit were
out the problems with the acoustic
With improved environmental infor-
been instal ed on the port side, main
instal ed on the Tombwa's port
system and we are hoping to rein-
mation, oceanographers wil be bet-
deck to facilitate the towing of smal
side to facilitate the towing of
state it and calibrate it," explained smal plankton nets
ter equipped to monitor and even
plankton nets. The winch has a
Mr Robertson, "we think we might
predict trends in these key com-
cable capacity of 1 000 m to al ow
have solved the problems, but there
mercial fisheries.
for towing to depths of 300 m. It has
is a chance that the ship might ulti-
a hauling power of 1 000 kg, mak-
The $450 000 (R3.1 mil ion) repair
mately prove to be unsuitable for
ing it feasible to launch and recover
and upgrade of the Tombwa was
acoustic work."
Bongo nets, grabs and dredges.
jointly funded by the BCLME
A ful range of sea trials wil be
Programme, BENEFIT and the
Al the scientific systems on board
conducted before the Tombwa
Angolan fisheries research insti-
the Tombwa, including the ther-
sets sail for Luanda and begins
tute, INIP. It was managed by Alan
mosalinograph, Seacat profiler
her new life as an environmental
Robertson of Arcon Management
system and Sealogger CTD sys-
research vessel.
Services who played a key role
tem have been checked, repaired
in the procurement, design and
and calibrated. The ship's highly
delivery of South Africa's four envi-
sophisticated Simrad scientific
ronmental protection vessels and
echosounder system, which has
the newly built research ship, El en
never lived up to expectations,
Kuzwayo.
has been checked out and wil
Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
11

---

Is the BCLME feeling the effects
of global climate change?
In May, 40 oceanographers and regional experts gathered in Cape Town to discuss the changing state
of the Benguela ecosystem. At an intensive three-day workshop, the participants analysed the pat-
terns in long term data sets, identified the possible drivers of climate change and the prospects for
adapting to the social and economic consequences of climate change in the Benguela region.
They noted that the BCLME is a
not only the marine resources in
highly productive, complex and var-
the coastal regions, but also terres-
iable ecosystem. In such a system,
trial rainfal and weather patterns
it is extremely difficult to separate
over the entire region.
the climate change "signal" from
"noise". Other large ocean basins,
Major findings were:
such as the North Atlantic and the
North Pacific, have wel defined

One of the strongest trends in
inter-decadal changes. In contrast,
the data has been a warming at the
the Benguela has a higher degree
northern and southern boundaries
of variability than its counterparts
of the Benguela system. In the
in other parts of the world such
north the warming has occurred
as the Humboldt, Canary and
across the boundary, while in the
California Current systems. This
south, warming has occurred just
has to be taken account of when
south of the Agulhas Bank. In
managing the ecosystem and its
the inshore areas of the Agulhas
response to climate change. The
Bank and southern Benguela it has
Benguela Current LME is at the
cooled slightly, increasing the gra-
confluence of three major ocean
dients across the southern bound-
systems, (the Atlantic, Indian and
ary region.
Southern oceans) and is subject to

There has been an increased
This image, provided by Dr
Following the workshop, a
influence from the tropical Atlantic,
frequency of "warm events" off
Pedro Monteiro of the Coun-
number of specialists - includ-
the mid-latitude pressure systems
southern Angola and northern
cil for Scientific and Industri-
ing Dr Pedro Monteiro, Principle
in the Atlantic and the Southern
Namibia in the past decade or so.
al Research in South Africa,
Scientist with the CSIR's Coast
oceans and the subtropical pres-
There has been a persistent change
illustrates the warming that
Programme, Professor George
sure systems in the Indian and
in the onset of seasonal warming in
took place near the northern
Philander, a climate special-
South Atlantic oceans.
and southern boundaries of
the north, which has potential con-
ist from Princeton University in
the BCLME between 1982 and
sequences for increased hypoxia
the US, Dr Mick O'Toole, head
Working with comprehensive data
2006.
de-oxygenation of water on the
of the BCLME Programme, Dr
sets stretching back about 50
Namibian shelf. In this respect, it
Larry Hutchings, Chief Specialist
years, long-term trends and cycles
is thought that a major low oxygen
Scientist at Marine and Coastal
are beginning to emerge from data
event off Namibia in the 1990's had
Management and Professor Vere
and models. During the workshop,
a severe and long-lasting impact
Shannon, Honourary Professor in
it became clear that conditions in
on the hake stocks, which have
the oceanography department at
the large ocean basins surrounding
not recovered despite conservative
UCT ­ summarised the key find-
southern Africa play an important
management actions.
ings of the workshop.
role in regulating and influencing
The canary in the mine be a very important region for mon-
itoring global climate change. This
The BCLME could be the "canary is because the Benguela Current is
in the mine" that alerts the world an upwel ing zone that is character-
to the effects of global climate ised by very cold water at relatively
change.
low latitudes.
Drawing an analogy between the Professor Philander was one of
yel ow canaries that helped 20th 40 oceanographers and regional
Century coal miners in the UK to experts who participated in the
identify poisonous and potential y Climate Change Workshop which
dangerous gases in coal mines, was hosted in Cape Town by the
Professor
George
Philander BCLME Programme.
Dr Larry Hutchings, Chief Specialist Scientist at Marine and Coastal ­ Professor of Geosciences at
Management; Professor George Philander, Professor of Geosciences at
He advocated the expansion of the
Princeton University, and Professor Bruce Hewitson, Professor of Cli- Princeton and a world renowned BCLME Programme's sphere of
matology at UCT were keynote speakers at the BCLME Programme's expert on the El Nino phenomenon interest and suggested that future
Climate Change Workshop.
- suggested that the BCLME could research and monitoring efforts
12

---

Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews

There has been a long-term
cyclical, but are currently causing

Top predators have responded
increase in southerly winds which
economic problems and foraging
to the changes in fish availability in
induce upwel ing in the southern
problems for penguins. The 40 to
different parts of the ecosystem.
Benguela with modulation over
60 year cycles are characteristic
Seals, which are generalized feed-
decadal time scales. In the north-
of sardine and anchovy and have
ers, have expanded northwards into
ern Benguela, winds also fol ow a
been occurring since before indus-
southern and central Angola and
decadal cycle and are currently in a
trial fishing began, judging by scale
stabilized in the central Benguela
low wind phase.
deposits.
region. Seabirds, however, have

Sea level has risen at approxi-
declined considerably in the north-

Horse-mackerel stocks in
mately the same rate as the rest
ern Benguela. The eastward shift
Namibia increased after the col-
of the world but is not regarded as
in pelagic fish in the southern
lapse of sardines but have now
a serious problem in the BCLME
Benguela has led to recent steep
recently begun to decline. Stocks
region with relatively few low-lying
declines in penguin and gannet
of another horse- mackerel species
developments.
populations on the west coast.
found off southern Angola have
Several other seabirds, which do

There has been a 10-fold
also declined sharply in recent
not depend on fish as food have
increase in zooplankton over the
years, resulting in a ban on catch-
also expanded their range east-
past five decades in the Benguela
ing horse-mackerel and a need to
wards in recent decades. Along
region, caused by changes in
import fish for local consumption in
with these findings, there have
productivity and the upwel ing-
that country.
also been increased outbreaks of
favourable wind field, but moder-
avian flu and cholera, symptomatic
ated by the pelagic fish boom in

There is no evidence for
of stressed populations.
the southern Benguela between
changes in hake distribution in the
2000 and 2003.
southern Benguela, but deepwater
Viewing the system as a whole,
hake appear to have expanded

Pelagic fish trends in the north-
where there has been persistent
northwards in Namibia in response
ern and southern Benguela have
decadal variability in the BCLME,
to improved oxygen levels on the
been dominated by heavy fishing
it is not clear that these changes
Namibian shelf in the late 1990's.
pressure, resulting in the col apse
are linked exclusively to climate
of sardine stocks in the 1960's.

Rock lobsters have declined
change, or to inherent natural long
Despite a steep decrease in fishing
in the central Benguela and shifted
term cycles. There appears to be
pressure in Namibia in the 1990's,
southwards and eastwards in the
a shift to the northern and eastern
the sardine have failed to recover
southern region. This could be a
extremes of the Benguela region
to their former levels. This could
result of heavy sustained fishing
from the central parts along the
be attributed to the warming trend,
pressure, which has been exacer-
west coast, creating econom-
competition with increased horse-
bated by the increase in low oxygen
ic hardships for communities in
mackerel stocks, or heavy preda-
waters in the inshore waters of the
the core of the Benguela Current
tion. By contrast, pelagic stocks
southern region that led to mass
region. The inherent high decadal
in the southern Benguela have
walkouts in the 1990's and a deplet-
(five to 15 year) variability in driving
increased and this has been accom-
ed population on the west coast. As
forces in the BCLME and the South
panied by an eastward shift in sar-
a result, employment has dropped
Atlantic suggest that management
dine and anchovy. These eastward
on the west coast and increased in
of marine resources need to adapt
and westward shifts appear to be
the Walker Bay area.
over similar time scales.
wil need to focus on a much ern Africa than fish!" Professor
broader approach in space and Philander told the workshop.
time, including global changes and
palaeo-oceanographic time scales. He said that an oceanographic pro-
Not only is this important for inte-
gramme could be justified for the
grated marine ecosystem manage-
Benguela region, irrespective of the
ment, but it is also likely to under-
economic importance of commer-
pin the accuracy of forecasting cial fisheries.
seasonal and longer term weather The workshop concluded that the
and climate change in the region.
newly established Benguela Current
Angolan participants in the workshop Oceanographers, Jennifer Veitch
Professor Philander suggested Commission can play an important
included Maria de Lourdes Sardinha and and Carl Palmer.
Quilanda Fidel
that the subject of climate change role in climate change research by
needed to be incorporated into the encouraging col aboration between
intel ectual nature of the BCLME the oceanic and atmospheric insti-
Programme.
tutions in southern Africa and the
development of a strong global
"There's more to south west-
perspective.
13

---

O Seminário sobre a Fronteira Norte
Membros da comunidade BCLME ­ incluindo representantes de instituições
científicas, governo e das indústrias pesqueira e petrolífera ­ reuniram-se
em Luanda para participar no Seminário sobre a Fronteira Norte.
Equatorial e Equatorial-Sul e na
da fronteira Norte. Uma das suas
por Nkosi Luyeye
topografia da região costeira.
maiores preocupações é o conflito
O objectivo do seminário foi
Foram apresentados dados ocean-
entre os grupos de utilizadores
analisar a parte mais a Norte do
ográficos físicos recolhidos duran-
dos recursos pesqueiros (pesca-
BCLME e registar o conhecimento
te os levantamentos a bordo do
dores artesanais e comerciais)
Luisa Morais, Professora
navio de investigação Dr Fridtjof
e os produtores de petróleo e
de Engenharia Química na existente sobre a oceanografia,
Nansen entre 1985 e 2006.
gás. Outro problema é a falta de
Universidade Agostinho Neto ecossistemas e recursos marin-
(UAN) e Cirílo da Conceição hos vivos e não vivos da região.
O grupo oceanográfico explicou
conhecimento sobre as espécies
Cauxeuro, Professor de Geologia
marinhas que existem na área do
A região da fronteira Norte é
que a região é caracterizada por
na UAN, tomando parte nas dis-
estuário do Congo. O grupo listou
uma área tropical alimentada pela
baixa salinidade e uma elevada
cussões. Sentado atrás encon-
concentração de nutrientes numa
as lacunas no conhecimento nesta
tra-se Manuel Xavier, Chefe de Corrente de Angola e influenciada
área de fraco vento. O grupo con-
área e recomedou que sejam real-
Departamento no Ministério pelas correntes equatorial e equa-
izados mais estudos na área da
dos Petróleos.
torial-sul. Constitui o centro da
cluíu que os dados oceanográficos
fronteira Norte. Os dados dis-
próspera indústria de produção de
biológicos são escassos para toda
poníveis precisam igualmente de
petróleo e gás de Angola e é
a costa angolana, mas especial-
ser sistematicamente compilados.
um local onde existe uma impor-
mente para a região da Frente de
tante pesca transfronteiriça de
Angola. O grupo recomendou o
Espécies marinhas
Sardinel a.
estabelecimento de três linhas de
As discussões deste grupo con-
monitorização oceanográfica, inclu-
Segue-se um sumário dos resulta-
centraram-se nos recursos prote-
indo uma para a área da Frente de
dos do seminário sobre a Fronteira
gidos, incluindo mamíferos, tarta-
Angola, o que ajudaria os oceanó-
Norte.
rugas, aves marinhas e tubarões.
grafos a entender melhor a dinâmi-
O grupo reviu a informação dis-
Oceanografia
ca da área da fronteira Norte.
ponível sobre a diversidade, dis-
O grupo oceanográfico apresen-
Recursos marinhos vivos
tribuição e comportamento dos
tou as características principais da
recursos protegidos na área da
Este grupo de especialistas con-
circulação do oceano na região
fronteira Norte. Eles listaram igual-
centrou-se nos problemas que
da fronteira Norte, concentrando-
mente o conhecimento existente,
afectam os pescadores na região
se na importância das correntes
incluindo os padrões de migração,
Graca de Almeida, Chief Biologist The Northern Boundary Workshop
at NatMIRC, participates in the
discussions.
important transboundary fishery for
ised by low salinity and a high con-
by Nkosi Luyeye
Sardinel a.
centration of nutrients in an area of
Members of the BCLME commu-
low winds. The group concluded
The fol owing is a summary of
nity, including representatives of
that biological oceanographic data
the findings from the Northern
scientific institutions, government
is scarce for the entire Angolan
Boundary workshop.
and the fishing and oil industries,
coast, but especial y in the region
met in Luanda to participate in the
Oceanography
of the Angola Front. It recommend-
Northern Boundary Workshop.
ed the establishment of three ocea-
The oceanographic group present-
nographic monitoring lines, includ-
The goal of the workshop was to
ed the main characteristics of the
ing one for the Angola Front area,
analyse the northern-most part of
ocean circulation in the northern
which wil help oceanographers to
the BCLME and to record what is
boundary region, focusing on the
better understand the dynamics of
known about the region's ocea-
importance of the Equatorial and
the northern boundary area.
nography, ecosystems, living and
South Equatorial currents and the
non-living resources.
topography of the coastal region.
Living marine resources
The northern boundary region is a
They presented physical oceano-
This group of specialists concen-
tropical area that is washed by the
graphic data col ected during the
trated on the problems affecting
Bjoern Serigstad, do Instituto Angola Current and influenced by surveys on board the research ves-
Norueguês de Investigação
fishers in the northern boundary
Marinha (IMR) e Francisca the Equatorial and South Equatorial sel, Dr Fridtjof Nansen between region. One of their main concerns
Delgado, Directora Geral currents. It is the centre of Angola's 1985 and 2006.
is conflict between fisheries user
do Instituto Angolano de
Ben
Investigação gu thriving offshore oil and gas produc- The oceanographic group deter- groups (artisanal and commercial
Pesqueira (INIP). tion industry and the location of an mined that the region is character- fishers) and oil and gas producers.
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
?
14

---

Be
B n
e g
n u
gcurre
ent l
n a
curr e
ent new
e s
w
os efeitos do Rio Congo nas espé-
cies marinhas e as ameaças para a
conservação.
As principais recomendações
cobriram a necessidade de imple-
mentação dos projectos de estudo
e identificação dos recursos exis-
tentes e da influência das corren-
tes na área da Frente de Angola.
Recursos marinhos não
vivos
Dr Emmanuel Adegboyega Ajao of the Nigerian Institute of Oceanography
and Marine Research, Dr Mick O'Toole, Chief Technical Advisor to the BCLME
Os representantes deste grupo
Programme, Francisca Delgado, Director General of INIP, Victória de Barros Neto,
descreveram vários produtos do
Deputy Minister of Fisheries in Angola, Graciano Domingos, Deputy Minister
petróleo e gás, alguns dos quais
of Urban Af airs and Environment in Angola and Dr Nevil e Sweijd, Director of
têm um período de vida até 35
BENEFIT.
anos. Eles descreveram ainda
ização. Como um projecto a longo
descreveu as potenciais ameaças
as actividades relacionadas com
prazo, o grupo propôs a criação de
para a biodiversidade, incluindo a
petróleo e gás dos países viz-
uma base de dados nacional para a
pesca, corte de mangais, erosão
inhos tais como a RDC, Congo e
região da fronteira Norte.
costeira e produção de petróleo e
Gabão. Foram identifcadas uma
gás. O grupo recomendou uma
série de prioridades, incluindo o
Grupo de Ecossistemas
série de estudos específicos, tais
mapeamento de áreas sensíveis,
e Conservação
como estudos integrados da área
a formulação de planos nacionais
da Frente de Angola, mapeamento
de contingência para derrames de
Este grupo de especialistas anali-
de mangais e impactes da polu-
petróleo e o estabelecimento de
sou as fontes de informação sobre
ição.
um programa nacional de monitor-
biodiversidade marinha na área
da Frente de Angola. O grupo
Another problem is a lack of knowl-
Congo River on marine species and term project, the group proposed the
edge about the marine species that threats to conservation.
creation of a national database for the
occur in the vicinity of the Congo
northern boundary region.
estuary. The group listed the gaps The main recommendations were
in knowledge about this area and to implement studies of the exist-
Ecosystems and conserva-
recommended that more studies be ing resources and the influence of tion group
undertaken in the northern bound-
currents in the area of the Angola
This group of specialists analysed
ary area. Available data also needs Front.
the sources of information on
to be systematical y compiled.
Non living marine resources
marine biodiversity in the area of
Marine species
Representatives of this group the Angola Front. The group out-
lined the potential threats to biodi-
The focus of this group's discus-
described several oil and gas projects, versity, including fishing, cutting of
sions was protected resources, some of which have a lifespan of up mangrove forests, coastal erosion
including mammals, turtles, sea-
to 35 years. They also described and oil and gas production. The
birds and sharks. They revised the the oil and gas-related activities of
Nkosi Luyeye, Vice-Director do
neighbouring countries such as DRC, group recommended a number of INIP e Maria Esperança Pires
available information on the diver-
Congo and Gabon. A number of specific studies, such as integrated Santos, Chefe da Secção Demersal
sity, distribution and behaviour of priorities were identified, including studies of the Angola Front area, no INIP, partilhando um momen-
protected resources in the north-
mapping sensitive areas, formulat-
the mapping of the mangrove for-
to mais descontraído.
ern boundary area. They also listed
ests and the impacts of pol ution.
what is unknown, including migra-
ing national contingency plans for
tion patterns, the effects of the oil spil s and establishing a national
monitoring programme. As a long-
1?5

---

Projects supported by
the BCLME Programme
The BCLME Programme has allocated more than $10 million (R70 million) in support of 98 projects.
The projects are being implemented by a wide variety of clients, including government institutes,
universities, private consultancy companies and the regional scientific programme, BENEFIT.
Each project has been designed to address transboundary environmental problems and contribute to
the integrated and sustainable management of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem.
Completed Projects
Final reports for the fol owing projects BCLME/PCU/07/05
Project value: US$39 697

have been submitted and approved
Report on the status of Marpol in the
Contracted to: SAIEA
and posted to the BCLME Pro-
BCLME region
Completion date: July 2004
gramme's website: www.bclme.org.
Project value: US$7 000
Contracted to: FEIKE
BEHP/CEA/03/03
BCLME/BOUNDARY/05/01a
Completion date: May 2007
Assessment of the cumulative effects
Angola/Benguela Front Workshop: as-
of sediment discharge from on shore
sessment of the structure and function- PCU/POLYTECH/05/01
and near shore diamond mining
ing of the Angola-Benguela Frontal Sys- Assessing potential for producing
activities on the BCLME
tem and its implications for sustainable final ocean colour maps for Namibia's Project value: US$140 000
resource management in the BCLME. marine environment
Contracted to: CSIR
Phase I ­ initial study
Project value: US$2 625
Completion date: June 2006
Project value: US$45 000
Contracted to: Polytechnic of Namibia
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Completion date: September 2006
BEHP/CEA/03/04
Completion date: July 2006
Assessment of the cumulative im-
PCU/TCB/03/01
pacts of scouring of sub-tidal areas
Training and capacity building needs
BCLME/BOUNDARY/06/01
and kelp cutting by diamond divers
assessment for the BCLME region
Southern Boundary Workshop
in near-shore areas of the BCLME
Project value: US$26 230
Project value: US$46 000
Project value: US$62 117
Contracted to: Anchor Environmental
Contracted to: Not contracted out
Contracted to: PISCES Environmental
Consultants
Completion date: December 2006
Consultants
Completion date: September 2003
Completion date: January 2007
BCLME/SEIS/05/01
PCU/TCB/06/01
BEHP/EEF/03/01/02
Development of and making operational Integration and review of training and ca- By-catch of threatened seabirds, sharks
a viable and integrative State of the
pacity building in the BCLME Programme and turtles in long-line fisheries in the
Ecosystem Information System for the
Project value: US$8 500
Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosys-
BCLME
Contracted to: Anchor Environmental tem (BCLME): An integrated approach
Project value: US$87 242
Consultants
Project value: US$113 299
Contracted to: BENEFIT and Feike
Completion date: March 2006
Contracted to: WWF-South Africa
Completion date: December 2006
BEHP/BAC/03/01
Completion date: April 2007
PCU/AVM/03/01
Classification of coastline for aquacul- BEHP/LBMP/03/01
Publicising the BCLME Programme
ture development
Baseline assessment of sources and
through audio visual media
Project value: US$50 000
management of land-based marine
Project value: US$16 000
Contracted to: BENEFIT
pollution in the BCLME
Contracted to: Francois Odendaal
Completion date: Project incorporated Project value: US$85 000
Productions
into BEHP/BAC/03/01
Contracted to: CSIR
Completion date: September 2004
BEHP/BAC/WORKSHOP/04/01
Completion date: January 2006
PCU/BCC/04/01
Ecosystem Mapping and Biodioversity BEHP/LBMP/03/04
Institutional review and analysis for
Consultative Workshop
The development of a common set of
Benguela Current Commission (BCC)
Project value: US$47 095

water and sediment quality guidelines
Project value: US$63 425
Contracted to: BENEFIT
for the coastal zone in the BCLME region
Contracted to: EnAct International
Completion date: May 2004
Project value: US$80 000
Completion date: December 2004
BEHP/BW/TRAINING COURSE/03/01 Contracted to: CSIR
PCU/BCC/04/02
Project value: US$7 600
Completion date: January 2006
Economic study and cost benefit
Completion date: December 2006
analysis of cooperative research and
BEHP/IA/03/03
BEHP/ML/03/01
management of the BCLME
Harmonisation of national environ- Marine litter
Project value: US$30 100
mental policies and legislation for Project value: US$36 693
Contracted to: EcoAfrica Environmental
Bengu Contracted to: Fisheries Economics marine mining, dredging and ofshore
Research Unit, UBC
petroleum exploration and production Consultants
Completion date: October 2004
activities in the BCLME region
Completion date: November 2006
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
16

---

Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
EV/ANGOLA/03/01
EV/HAB/02/03
Project value: US$8 000
Compilation of inventory and acquisition Investigation into the diversity and distri- Donated to: Conference organisers
of oceanographic environmental data in bution of cysts of Harmful Algal Blooms
the Angola sector of the BCLME. Phase (HABs) within the BCLME Region
EV/HUMBOLDT/04/01
one (inventory)
Project value: US$25 420
Ichthyoplankton distribution, monitor-
Project value: US$20 000

Contracted to: UCT
ing and training, northern Namibia/
Contracted to: INIP
Completion date: January 2005
southern Angola (AHAB Leg 8); Oceano-
Completion date: July 2005
graphic, hydrological and benthos moni-
EV/HAB/02/05
toring in Angolan waters (AHAB Leg 9)
EV/ANGOLA/03/02
Development of an operational capacity Project value: US$130 000
Comprehensive review and re-inter-
for real-time observation and forecasting Contracted to: Baltic Sea Research
pretation of oceanographic information of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in the
Institute
on the Angola sector of the BCLME
BCLME: Detection of HABs through
Completion date: January 2005
Project value: US$20 000

the deployment of bio-optical moor-
EV/LOW/02/01
Contracted to: INIP
ings. Phase 1: Demonstration project in
Low oxygen variability in the Benguela
Completion date: July 2005
Namibia and South Africa
Project value: US$135 035

Ecosystem: a review and new under-
standing
EV/ANGOLA/03/03
Contracted to: UCT
Project value: US$46 250
Assessment of the present state of ocea-
Completion date: July 2005
Contracted to: UCT and CSIR
nographic environmental monitoring in EV/HAB/02/06
Completion date: August 2006
the Angolan sector of the BCLME region Development of an operational capacity
Project value: US$10 000
for real-time observation and forecast- EV/LS/02/02
Contracted to: INIP
ing of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Feasibility study of the south-east exten-
Abbreviations
Completion date: July 2005
BCLME: utility of models in forecasting sion of PIRATA (Pilot Moored Array in
CSIR: The Council for
HABs events
the Tropical Atlantic)

Scientific and
EV/ANGOLA/03/05
Project value: US$30 700
Project value: US$29 900


Industrial Research
Build capacity for Angola
Contracted to: UCT and CSIR
Contracted to: UCT

(South Africa)
Project value: US$7 000
Completion date: April 2006
Completion date: November 2003
FAO: Food and Agricul-
Contracted to: INIP

ture Organisation
Completion date: July 2005
EV/HAB/04/Shellsan
EV/LS/02/04

of the United Nations
Development of a shel fish sanitation pro-
Participation in the Climate Variabil-
GISP: Global Invasive
EV/ANGOLA/03/06
gramme model for application in consort
ity Programme (CLIVAR/OOPC) Work-

Species Programme
Upgrade communication systems for An-
shop on South Atlantic Climate Observ-
golan BCLME core partner institutions
with the microalgal toxins component
IMR: Institute of Marine
ing System in Angra dos Reis, Brazil
Project value: US$8 000
Project value: US$27 925

Research (Norway)
Project value: US$3 160
Contracted to: INIP
Contracted to: MFMR
INIP: Instituo Nacional
Completion date: March 2003
Completion date: July 2005
Completion date: April 2005

de Investigação
Shellsan project included in
EV/SADCO/03/01

Pesqueira (Angola)
EV/ANGOLA/05/01
EV/HAB/02/01 & EV/HB/02/02a
SADCO holdings of Namibian data:
IRD:
Institut de reserche
Provision of basic English courses to
EV/HAB/05/01
Assessment of historical oceanographic

pour le développe-
Angolan institutions participating in
Investigation into the diversity and
data available from SADCO

ment (France)
the BCLME Programme
distribution of cysts of Harmful Algal
Project value: US$2 400
UCT: University of
Project value: US$17 840
Blooms within Luanda Bay (Angola) and Contracted to: Ms Fiona Duncan,

Cape Town
Contracted to: INIP
contracted through UNDP-SA
Completion date: April 2006
Lüderitz Bay and Walvis Bay (Namibia)
MCM: Marine and Coastal
Project value: US$29 994
Completion date: October 2003

Management
EV/FORECAST/04/01
Contracted to: UCT
EV/Provare/02/01

(South Africa)
International Workshop on Forecast-
Completion date: November 2005
Feasibility assessment for the use of
MFMR: Ministry of Fisheries
ing and Data Assimilation in the
EV/HAB/05/02
a towed undulating oceanographic

and Marine
Benguela and Comparable Systems
Development of an operational capacity
recorder (TUOR) in the BCLME

Resources (Namibia)
Project value: US$80 000
for monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms
Project value: US$5 850
NOAA: National Oceanic
Completion date: November 2004
in countries bordering the northern part
Contracted to: Dr Chris Reid, Foun-

and Atmospheric
EV/HAB/02/01
of the BCLME: Phase 1 ­ Design: compo-
dation for Ocean Science

Administration
Harmonisation of regulations for
nent pilot monitoring in the Lüderitz area Completion date: November 2003

(USA)
microalgal toxins for application in
Project value: US$4 015
EV/PROVARE/02/02(a)1
SAIEA: Southern African
countries bordering the BCLME
Contracted to: MFMR
The Lüderitz Upwelling Cell/Orange

Institute for Environ-
Project value: US$69 323
Completion date: March 2006
River Cone (LUCORC) Workshop

mental
Contracted to: MFMR
Project value: US$31 000

Assessment
Completion date: April 2005
EV/HAB/07/01
Contracted to: BENEFIT
UBC: University of British
EV/HAB/02/02a
Harmful Algal Blooms workshop and Completion date: April 2006

Columbia (Canada)
Development of an operational capacity
distance learning course.
EV/LOW/02/03
WWF: Worldwide Fund
for monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms
Project value: US$29 900
Assessment of key transboundary

for Nature
(HABs) in countries bordering the north-
Contracted to: BENEFIT
processes and measurement scales in
ern part of the BCLME: Phase 1-Design
Completion date: April 2007
respect of low oxygen water (LOW)
Project value: US$36 260

EV/HABSCON/04/01
variability: preliminary implementa-
Contracted to: MFMR
Sponsorship of the 11th International
tion and examination of the role of
continued.../16
Completion date: April 2005
Conference on Harmful Algal Blooms
large scale and transboundary hydro-
17

---

dynamic control of LOW variability
Project value: US$53 048
on the early history stages of pelagic
Project value: US$62 750
Contracted to: BENEFIT
fish, the benthos and the pelagic eco-
Contracted to: UCT and CSIR
Completion date: May 2006
system with potential application to
Completion date November 2006
LMR/AFSE/03/01
the sardinella fishery
EV/LOW/02/04
Review of institutional arrangements Project value: US$22 666
Assessment of key transboundary and provision of baseline information in Contracted to: INIP
processes and measurement scales in respect of artisanal fisheries, including Completion date: May 2005
respect of low oxygen water variability: socio-economic surveys of coastal com- LMR/COM/02/01
implementation of the LOW generation munities
Henties Bay Community project
areas simulation that provide inputs to Project value: US$194 120
Project value: US$ 4 051
transboundary models in LOW project Contracted to: Environmental Evalua- Contracted to: Henties Bay Community
EV/LOW/02/03
tion Unit, UCT
Completion date: Project terminated
Project value: US$122 500
Completion date: The project has
Contracted to: UCT and CSIR
three components: a) January 2005 b)
LMR/COM/03/01
Completion date: June 2006
March 2006 c) March 2005
An assessment of means of involving
coastal communities in the BCLME
EV/LS/02/02b
LMR/CF/03/01
Programme
PIRATA SE Extension ­ purchase, de- Feasibility study into the establishment Project value: US$ 30 000
ployment and retrieval of a moored
of a permanent regional fish ageing cen- Contracted to: Eco-Africa Environ-
buoy of the coast of Angola
tre in one of the BCLME countries
mental Consultants
Project value: US$100 000
Project value: US$11 520
Completion date: March 2004
Contracted to: PMEL NOAA, IRD and Contracted to: BENEFIT
Dr Mathieu Rouault
Completion date: November 2003
LMR/COM/03/02
Completion date: June 2007
Introducing the BCLME Programme
LMR/CF/03/02
EV/LS/02/03
to the wider audience within the
An assessment of the state of commercial
Analysis of Benguela dynamical
coastal communities
fisheries catch data in the BCLME region
variability and assessment of predict-
Project value: US$16 000
Project value: US$11 240

ability of warm and cold events in the
Contracted to: Eco-Africa Environ-
Contracted to: BENEFIT
BCLME
mental Consultants
Completion date: May 2004
Project value: US$150 000
Completion date: June 2004
Contracted to: UCT
LMR/CF/03/04
LMR/COM/04/01
Completion date: September 2006
Feasibility study into the application of Development of a demonstration web-
EV/LS/02/06
genetic techniques for determining fish site for the Artisanal Fisheries Institute,
Diagnosis of large scale South Atlantic stock identity of transboundary popula- Angola
modes that impact on the transbound- tions in the BCLME region
Project value: US$5 000
ary BCLME: investigating the potential Project value: US$6 906

Contracted to: EcoAfrica Environ-
for improved predictability and sustain- Contracted to: BENEFIT
mental Consultants
able management
Completion date: November 2003
Completion date: December 2005
Project value: US$87 959
LMR/CF/03/07
Contracted to: UCT
LMR/MC/03/01
Determination of optimal harvesting
Completion date: January 2007
Development of a responsible aquac-
strategies for the hake trawl and long-line ulture policy for the BCLME region
EV/PROVARE/02/05
fisheries in Namibia and South Africa
Project value: US$92 734
Retrospective analysis of plankton
Project value: US$98 100
Contracted to: Enviro-Fish Africa
community structure in the BCLME to
Contracted to: Fisheries Economics
Completion date: May 2005
provide an index of long-term change
Research Unit, UBC
in the ecosystem
Completion date: October 2005
LMR/NANSEN/04/01
Project value: US$105 849
Survey of transboundary demersal
Contracted to: BENEFIT
LMR/CF/03/08
fish stocks in southern Namibia with
Completion date: March 2007
Assessment of the ecological impor-
special reference to hake
tance of pelagic fish and pelagic go-
EV/PROVARE/04/01
Project value: US$110 500
bies in the functioning of the BCLME
Characterising the spawning habitat
Contracted to: IMR
region - a desktop review
(temporal, spatial and in terms of
Completion date: May 2004
Project value: US$30 000
physical and biological at ributes) of
Contracted to: BENEFIT
LMR/NANSEN/04/02
harvested pelagic species (Sardinops
Completion date: September 2005
Assessment of variability of transbound-
sagax, Trachurus sp., Engraulis capensis)
ary pelagic fish stocks particularly sar-
using Continuous Underwater Fish Egg LMR/CF/03/11 b
dinel a from Gabon to central Angola
Sampler (CUFES) and net sampling
Retrospective analysis of sardinella
Project value: US$110 500
Project value: US$93 003
fisheries in Angola
Contracted to: IMR
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Project value: US$23 780
Completion date: October 2004
Completion date: May 2007
Contracted to: INIP
LMR/NANSEN/04/04
BCLME/LMR/CF/03/06
Completion date: February 2005
Transboundary study with emphasis
Potential shared hake stocks ­ research LMR/CF/03/12
on deep water hake in the Lüderitz
planning meeting (Namibia and
A review of the impacts of seismic
­ Orange River Cone area
South Africa)
surveying and toxicity of oil products Project value: US$102 000
18

---

Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
Contracted to: IMR
River and Lüderitz
LMR/SE/03/05
Completion date: November 2004
Project value: US$59 500
An analysis of revenue raising instru-
LMR/NANSEN/05/01
Contracted to: IMR
ments of the important commercial
Transboundary survey between Namibia Completion date: January 2006
fisheries in the BCLME countries
and South Africa with focus on shared LMR/SE/03/02
Project value: US$ 91 228
stocks of hake
An economic and legal study to as-
Contracted to: Enviro-Fish Africa
Project value: US$174 000
sess the policy prospects for formulat- Completion date: December 2005
Contracted to: IMR
ing a balanced development of trade
LMR/SKI/04/01
Completion date: November 2004
in fish and fish products from the
Support services for inshore water qual-
LMR/NANSEN/05/02
BCLME region
ity monitoring program in Namibia
Transboundary survey of pelagic fish par- Project value: US$133 260
Project value: US$43 700
ticularly horse mackerel and pilchard in Contracted to: Enviro-Fish Africa
Contracted to: Z-Craft, South Africa
southern Angola and northern Namibia
Completion date: December 2006
Completion date: September 2005
Project value: US$76 500
LMR/SE/03/03
LMR/SKI/04/02
Contracted to: IMR
An analysis of right-based micro-
Support services for inshore water
Completion date: October 2005
economic systems and governance of quality monitoring program in Angola
LMR/NANSEN/05/03
the important commercial fisheries in Project value: US$43 700
Transboundary survey of hake and the BCLME countries
Contracted to: Z-Craft, South Africa
hake ichthyoplankton in the trans- Project value: US$229 914
Completion date: September 2005
boundary area between the Orange Contracted to: Enviro-Fish Africa
Completion date: December 2006
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Health & Pol ution Projects
BEHP/BAC/03/01
BEHP/BW/03/01
BEHP/MC/03/02
Marine biodiversity status assess-
Ballast Water Programme
Classification of coastline for aquac-
ment and conservation planning for
Project value: US$35 000
ulture development
the BCLME
Contracted to: GISP
Project value: US$50 000
Project value: US$134 905
Completion date: December 2006
Contracted to: BENEFIT (incorpo-
Contracted to: BENEFIT
rated into BEHP/BAC/03/01)
Completion date: April 2007
BEHP/CD/03/01
Completion date: April 2007
Development of institutional capacity
BEHP/BAC/03/02
for biodiversity research in the coun-
BEHP/OSCP/03/01
Mapping of the shoreline, shallow
tries of the BCLME
Regional Oil Spill Contingency Plan-
water, estuarine and offshore habitats Project value: US$100 000
ning in the BCLME region
of the BCLME region
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Project value: US$142 000
Project value: US$95 185
Completion date: April 2007
Contracted to: CSIR
Contracted to: BENEFIT

Completion date: July 2007
Completion date: October 2006
BEHP/CEA/03/01
Data gathering and gap analysis for
BEHP/Survey/06/01
BEHP/BAC/03/03
modeling the cumulative effects of
Transboundary Pollution Monitoring
Identification of communities, biotopes offshore petroleum exploration and
Project value: US$100 000
and species along the BCLME shore-
production activities on the marine
Contracted to: IMR
line and shal ow sub-tidal zone, and
environment of the BCLME region
Completion date: January 2007
assessment of of shore biodiversity
Project value: US$95 000
BEHP/WRF/04/01
Project value: US$216 761
Contracted to: CSIR
Assessment of the need for waste
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Completion date: May 2006
reception facilities in ports across the
Completion date: April 2007
BCLME region
BEHP/CEA/03/02
Project value: US$10 000
BEHP/BAC/03/04
Data gathering and gap analysis for
Contracted to: To be identified
Baseline surveying of species and
assessment of the cumulative effects
Completion date: October 2007
biodiversity in estuarine habitats
of marine diamond mining activities
Project value: US$99 929
on the BCLME
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Project value: US$76 000
Completion date: December 2006
Contracted to: PISCES Environmental
Consultants
BEHP/BTA/04/01
Completion date: September 2006
Analysis of threats and challenges
to marine biodiversity and marine
BEHP/LBE/04/01
habitats in Namibia and Angola
Luanda Bay Ecosystem Project
Project value: US$36 308
Project value: US$80 000
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Contracted to: INIP
Completion date: November 2006
Completion date: September 2007
continued.../20
19

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Living Marine Resources Projects
LMR/CF/03/10
LMR/EAF/03/01
LMR/SE/03/04
Review of research and management
Ecosystem approaches for fisheries
Harmonisation of socio-economic
on transboundary smal pelagic and
(EAF) management in the BCLME
policies and legal provisions for ef-
midwater stocks between Angola and
Project value: US$257 270
fective implementation of the BCLME
Namibia ­ Northern Benguela trans-
Contracted to: MCM and FAO
Programme
boundary smal pelagic and midwater Completion date: December 2006
Project value: US$135 000
resources research planning workshop
Contracted to: Enviro-Fish Africa
Project value: US$50 000
LMR/EAF/03/02
Completion date: March 2007
Contracted to: BENEFIT
A regional ecosystem monitoring
Completion date: August 2007
programme: top predators as biological
indicators of ecosystem change in the
LMR/CF/03/16
BCLME
Development of a management plan
Project value: US$217 994
for bronze whaler shark resources in
Contracted to: MCM
the BCLME region
Completion date: December 2006
Project value: US$90 385
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Completion date: July 2007
Environmental Variability Projects
BCLME/EEWS/05/01
Project value: US$90 743
EV/PROVARE/06/01
Development of and making operational Contracted to: MFMR
Development of satel ite remote sensing
a viable and integrative Environmental
Completion date: extended to August products for operational application.
Early Warning System (EEWS) for the
2007
Project value: US$112 152
BCLME
Contracted to: BENEFIT
Project value: US$116 770
EV/MODEL/03/01
Completion date: September 2007
Contracted to: UCT
A cross-cutting simulation-modelling
Completion date: November 2007
capability for the BCLME
EWS/TG/02/02
Project value: this project - US$126
Purchase and installing tide gauges
EV/HAB/06/01
935 plus additional US$36 000
in the BCLME region
Development of an operational capac-
(2004); US$35 000 (2005) ­ hardware
Project value: US$100 000
ity for a shel fish sanitation monitoring
expenditure
Contracted to: To be identified
program in countries bordering the
Contracted to: UCT
Completion date: October 2007
northern part of the BCLME: phase I
Completion date: March 2007
- implementation
Projects administered by Programme Co-ordination Unit
PCU/EAI/07/01
PCU/SSR/07/02
PCU/TCBPLN/07/01
Training course - Impact assessment State of the stocks report for the
Training and capacity building stra-
and decision making in the BCLME BCLME region
tegic plan for SAP implementation in
region
Project value: US$12 500
BCLME region
Project value: US$22 260
Contracted to: Capricorn Fisheries
Project value: US$5 000
Contracted to: Southern African In-
Monitoring
Contracted to: BENEFIT
stitute for Environmental Assessment Completion date: August 2007
Completion date: July 2007
Completion date: May 2007


PCU/STKPT/07/01
PCU/TOMBWA/06/01
PCU/POLGOV/07/01
Preparation of a stakeholders' partici-
Modification and refit ing of Angolan re-
National and regional policy and gov-
pation plan for the SAP Implementa-
search vessel R.V. Tombwa for oceaon-
ernance review related to the manage-
tion project
graphic and environmental survey
ment of living marine resources and Project value: US$25 000
work
the marine environment as a whole
Contracted to: Integrated Environ-
Project value: US$100 000
Project value: US$34 250
mental Consultants Namibia (IECN)
Contracted to: Arcon Management
Contracted to: FEIKE Management
Completion date: July 2007
Services and Hesper Engineering
Consultants
Completion date: June 2007
Bengu Completion date: July 2007


curr e
ent l
n a
ews
20

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Be
B n
e g
n u
gcurre
ent l
n a
curr e
ent new
e s
w
Biodiversity projects
nearing completion
The six biodiversity projects that were contracted to BENEFIT in 2005 have provided a number
of researchers with a unique and often exhilarating opportunity to paint a big, vibrant picture of
the Benguela Region. By dipping into a paint box that comprises centuries old data col ected by
Portuguese explorers, seabed maps compiled in geological surveys, and the records of fishing compa-
nies and marine research agencies, the biodiversity specialists have been required to go the extra mile
to access previously unattainable information. Using the marine component of South Africa's National
Spatial Biodiversity Assessment as a model, the BCLME programme has effectively extended this
study into Namibia and Angola.
information about demersal spe-
by Neville Sweijd
cies (fish that live on, or close to,
Two mapping projects form a major
the seabed).
constituent of the biodiversity suite.
The offshore component of the bio-
Vera De Cauwer and her team from
diversity suite wil eventual y com-
Polytechnic Namibia have worked
bine four separate data sets, and
tirelessly to compile data on the
use them to paint a picture of the
physical features of the BCLME.
offshore biodiversity of the entire
Despite severe data limitations,
BCLME region.
the physical mapping exercise
has set an important precedent by
An estuarine system analysis is
accessing data that provides new
also underway. This is a significant
insights on the physical features
component of the biodiversity suite,
of the Benguela region, especial y
but once complete, it wil offer a
Namibia and Angola.
holistic analysis of the physical and
biological nature of the large trans-
The biological mapping project has
boundary estuaries in the region
been outlined above are al near-
The BENEFIT team: Antonio Da
also provided fresh data. Three
(the Kunene and the Orange river
ing completion and in the com-
Silva (Research Officer), Petro
joint field expeditions have been
mouths). As part of this analysis,
ing months their findings wil be Rabe (Manager), Leesa Jephthah
undertaken, two of which were
(Secretary), Pavs Pillay (Train-
two important estuaries in Angola
systematical y integrated into a
intertidal surveys of the Angolan
ing Officer BENEFIT / BCLME),
­ the Kwanza and Catumbela river
final product. This wil be done by
coastline. This was the first inter-
and Neville Sweijd (Director).
estuaries ­ have been thoroughly
the sixth component, the MOM
tidal survey to be undertaken in
surveyed. Other rivers in the region
team, which wil integrate the data
Angola in 30 years and provided a
have been analysed in desktop
generated by the components
rare opportunity for a number of
surveys using satel ite data, aerial
using a method cal ed Systematic
regional specialists to comb the
photographs, detailed maps (and
Conservation Planning. Leading
rocky shores and sandy beaches
Google Earth!).
the MOM team wil be Dr Mandy
of Angola and document what
Lombard, a conservation planning
they found. Data gathered on the
A further component of the biodiver-
specialist.
field expeditions has been supple-
sity suite is a smal project that aims
mented by retrospective studies on
to map the biological and oceano-
The MOM team wil integrate the
coastal biodiversity. Researchers
graphic processes that occur in the
findings of the five biodiversity
like Pedro Alfonso of the Artisanal
region. These include, for example, the
projects into a strategic planning
Fisheries Institute in Luanda and
movement of the Angola Benguela
tool that is capable of providing
Janine Basson of NatMIRC have
Frontal Zone and the migration of
advice on the protection of sensi-
contributed to the mapping projects
whales and other marine species
tive areas and vulnerable species,
by col ating unpublished data and
across the boundaries of Angola,
as wel as recommendations for
extracting information from histori-
Namibia and South Africa.
marine protected areas and aquac-
cal documents.
ulture instal ations. Information wil
The sixth component of the biodi-
be packaged in such a way that it is
Khara Shine, a Masters student at
versity suite is an analysis of the
accessible to planners and conser-
the University of Cape Town, has
status and magnitude of threats
vation officials in Angola, Namibia
led the offshore biodiversity project.
to biodiversity in the Benguela.
and South Africa.
Khara, in col aboration with Silvi
This information has been obtained
Nsianganago (INIP) and Paul Kainge
from documents and expert con-
So, the finished canvas wil undoubt-
(NatMIRC), have been responsible
sultations for Namibia and Angola
edly be a work of art, but it wil be a
for scrutinising data gathered from
and has quantified these in broad
useful work of art. Indeed, it has the
the decks of fisheries research
categories for specific bio zones
potential to become a vital y impor-
ships in the Benguela region over
within the EEZ.
tant tool for planning and imple-
many years. They have been spe-
menting an ecosystems approach
The five different projects that have
cifical y concerned with compiling
to managing the BCLME.
?
21

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Public Relations
Benguela book is launched
Benguela: Forecasting a Large
Centre for Marine Tropical Ecol-
Marine Ecosystem is a product
ogy in Bremen, Germany, Dr
Government ministers from An-
of the International Workshop on
Coleen Moloney of UCT, Dr Paola
gola, Namibia and South Africa
Forecasting and Data Assimilation
Rizzoli of the Massachusetts Insti-
were the first to receive a copy
in the Benguela and Comparable
tute of Technology and Professor
of the scientific volume Benguela:
Systems which was held in Cape
John Woods of Imperial College,
Forecasting a Large Marine Eco-
Town in November 2004. The
London.
system which rolled off the press-
workshop was sponsored by the
es shortly before last year's GEF
BCLME Programme, in partner-
Sally Adams of the National Oce-
Assembly.
ship with nine other international
anic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion in the USA is the technical
The ministers were presented
and regional agencies.
editor.
with a copy of the book which is
The book was edited by Profes-
regarded as the definitive work on
sor Vere Shannon, Honourary
Benguela: Forecasting a Large
the variability and predictability of
Professor of oceanography at the
Marine Ecosystem is available
the Benguela Current Large Ma-
University of Cape Town (UCT),
from the publishers at www.else-
rine Ecosystem.
Professor Gotthilf Hempel of the
vier.com.
Dr Abraham Iyambo, Minister of South Africa's Minister of Envi-
...and presented at UCT
Pictured at the UCT launch of the book
Fisheries and Marine Resources in ronmental Af airs and Tourism,
are Dr Coleen Moloney, Professor Vere
Namibia, accepts a copy of the book, Marthinus van Schalkwyk, ac-
University of Cape Town academ-
Shannon, Professor Cheryl de la Rey,
Benguela: Forecasting a Large Ma-
cepts a copy of the book from
ics who played a leading role in Deputy Vice Chancellor of Research at
rine Ecosystem, from Simon Nhongo, Simon Nhongo. Mr Pedro João,
publishing the book, Benguela: UCT, Professor Frank Shillington of
UNDP Resident Representative in Deputy Minister of Fisheries in
Predicting a Large Marine Ecosys-
the Department of Oceanography at
Namibia.
Angola, looks on.
UCT, and Kathy Driver, Dean of Sci-
tem, celebrated the book's launch ence at UCT.
at UCT recently.
BCLME display is well
been wel received by a number
received
of local and international delegates
who have attended meetings at
The 10 panel display on the
these venues.
BCLME, which was launched at
the Two Oceans Aquarium last
The BCLME display is to be erect-
year, has gained wide exposure
ed again at the International Waters
since then. The display has been
conference, which is scheduled
erected at Kirstenbosch Gardens,
to take place at the Cape Town
Students from the University of the Western Cape examine a display on the
the Two-Oceans Aquarium, the
International Convention Centre in
BCLME Programme that was erected at the university on World Oceans Day.
BMW Pavilion and the University
July and August.
of the Western Cape, and has
BCLME website expands
mercial y harvested resources and
the present health of the Benguela
The BCLME Programme's website
Current Large Marine Ecosystem.
has been expanded to include infor-
mation about the "state of the eco-
Oceanographic
information
system". A link has been created
includes maps of various remotely
from the BCLME website to the
sensed parameters such as sea
State of the Ecosystem Information
surface temperature, wind direc-
System (SEIS) website.
tion and speed, sea surface height
and chlorophyll concentration.
The SEIS website provides up-
Trends in selected parameters are
to-date oceanographic information
also provided.
as wel as information about com-
22

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Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
Agulhas Somali Currents
LME Programme set to begin
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) has recently approved funding for a new Large Marine
Ecosystem project for the Western Indian Ocean. The Agulhas-Somali Current LME project wil
be an initial five-year project with the primary objectives of developing a Transboundary Diagnositic
Analysis (TDA), leading to a formal y-adopted Strategic Action Programme (SAP) for both LMEs.
The United Nations Development
Dr David Vousden was recently
Dr Vousden is wel known in south-
Programme (UNDP) wil implement
appointed by the GEF to manage
ern Africa, having been respon-
the project on behalf of GEF and
the ASCLME project for UNDP and
sible for evaluating the BCLME
wil provide support to eight govern-
the eight countries. He wil also
Programme at its mid-term stage
ments in the region to help them
act as the coordinator of the three
and helping to develop the SAP
achieve the project's objectives.
projects that make up the ASCLME
Implementation project which wil
These include the governments
Programme.
enhance regional cooperation in
of Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar,
the Benguela region and support
Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychel es,
Dr. Vousden has had a wide and
the development of the Benguela
South Africa and Tanzania.
detailed career in coastal and off-
Current Commission.
shore resource management and
Dr David Vousden
Somalia wil also be a partner in the
in GEF project implementation.
He has also played a key role in
project.
the design and final submission of
As a marine scientist, he special-
the ASCLME project to the GEF
The LME project wil form part of
ised in coastal and offshore surveys
and made various inputs into the
an overal ASCLME Programme
and data col ection. He has worked
Guinea Current LME Programme
which includes the WIO-LaB project
on long-term projects in the Middle
and other sub-Saharan International
- currently being implemented by
East, the Caribbean and Central
Waters projects.
the United Nations Environment
America, as wel as at the United
Programme (UNEP) and focusing
Nations headquarters in New York.
Dr. Vousden is expected to take
on land-based sources of pol u-
Over the past 12 years, through his
up his new position, based at the
tion and coastal degradation - and
work with the GEF, he has travel ed
South African Institute for Aquatic
SWIOFP (the South Western Indian
the globe, gaining first hand experi-
Biodiversity in Grahamstown,
Ocean Project) implemented by the
ence of the many projects that
South Africa, in August.
World Bank to address offshore
make up the International Waters
commercial fisheries.
Portfolio.
Reporting back on the progress of the BCLME Programme
A meeting at which the key achieve-
from the institutions, universities
(2005), International Forecasting
ments and outputs of the BCLME
and consultancy companies that
Workshop (2005) and Climate
Programme wil be presented to
were contracted by the BCLME
Change Workshop (2007), al five
regional managers from Angola,
Programme to undertake a diverse
editions of the BCLME newsletter
Namibia and South Africa wil be
range of studies. The presenta-
and copies of the original Strategic
held in Cape Town on July 24.
tions wil outline the results of the
Action Programme, Transboundary
projects and wil make recommen-
Diagnostic Analysis and a number
The meeting wil be opened by Dr
dations on policy actions and ways
of brochures that have been pro-
Monde Mayekiso, Deputy Director
to improve sustainable manage-
duced since the Programme began
General in the Department of
ment of living marine resources,
in 2002.
Environmental Affairs and Tourism
forecasting of environmental vari-
and the head of Marine and Coastal
ability, conservation of marine bio-
A list of the final reports referenced
Management. An introductory talk
diversity and protection of the envi-
under key topics and cited accord-
wil be given by Dr Mick O'Toole,
ronment in the Benguela Current
ing to authors and institutions or
Chief Technical Advisor to the
Large Marine Ecosystem.
companies contracted wil be dis-
BCLME Programme.
tributed at the meeting.
The outputs of the BCLME
The report-back sessions wil be
Programme wil also be on display
The BCLME website, with its large
chaired by the Directors of the
at the meeting. These wil include
amount of information, wil be dem-
BCLME Activity Centres, Maria
hard copies of the final reports of
onstrated along with the State of
de Lourdes Sardinha (Angola),
most of the projects; a compilation
the Ecosystem Information System
Frikkie Botes (Namibia), and Lesley
containing the executive summa-
(SEIS) which has recently been
Staegemann (South Africa).
ries of al projects to date; CDs
developed as a management and
information tool.
Approximately 20 presentations
of the promotional film Current of
wil be given by project managers
Plenty, the Highlights Symposium
23

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Forthcoming events
Fourth Biennial International Waters Conference
practices between projects that are
Key participants in the BCLME
funded by the GEF and included in its
Programme wil also join hands with
International Waters portfolio. Other
their col eagues in the South African
goals of the conference are to pro-
Department of Environmental
mote learning and capacity building,
Affairs and Tourism to host two
develop strategies to enhance stake-
side events. These wil consist of
holder col aboration, and encourage
presentations and panel discussions
GEF International Waters projects to
on a wide range of topics, including
apply evolving GEF policies and pro-
ecosystems approaches to fisheries
cedures during implementation.
management, top predators' man-
Photo: Barrie Rose
It is anticipated that approximately
agement and the management of
Ecosystem approaches to fisher- The fourth Biennial International 350 participants from more than 100 transboundary fish stocks. Marine
ies management wil come under Waters Conference wil take place countries wil attend.
protected areas and the socio-eco-
the spotlight at the International in Cape Town, South Africa, from 31
nomic impacts of climate change
Waters conference, which wil be
The BCLME Programme wil erect
on marine ecosystems wil also be
hosted by South Africa.
July to 3 August.
a display, which details its progress
discussed.
The purpose of the conference is
and achievements over the past five
to share experiences and innovative
years.
Fish Africa rol s around again
Global LMEs to be
showcased in China
The bi-annual Fish Africa exhibition
wil take place at the Cape Town
A second international confer-
International Convention Centre
ence on Large Marine Ecosystems
from October 24 to 26. The expo
(LMEs) wil take place in the Chinese
attracts those in the fishing industry,
port city of Qingdao from 11 to 13
fish farmers and marine equipment
September 2007.
manufacturers and suppliers.
The Conference wil provide review
For this year's Fish Africa expo, the
lectures on the results of the GEF
BCLME Programme wil participate
supported LME projects underway
in the South African Department of
in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and
Environmental Affairs and Tourism's
Eastern Europe. Invited lectures
display.
wil deal with the theoretical back-
ground of the LME approach and
its role in present day marine sci-
ence. Conference linked papers
are invited. For more information
visit: www.iwlearn.net
Celebrating a decade of collaboration
Recognising that the BCLME and
development and protection of the
Attention wil also be given to
BENEFIT programmes are reach-
Benguela Current ecosystem.
the philosophy and history lead-
ing their conclusion, and noting
ing to the development of regional
the inauguration of the Benguela
Themes wil range from marine
cooperation and lessons learned
Current Commission (BCC), a
scientific research, transboundary
in establishing and implementing
concluding event wil be held in
management of shared fish stocks,
the two programmes. It is hoped
November to focus on the sci-
links between fisheries and the
that the occasion wil also see the
entific achievements made in the
environment, monitoring the state
launch of a book on the history
Benguela region in the past dec-
of the ecosystem, data manage-
of scientific co-operation in the
ade.
ment, forecasting and global cli-
Benguela entitled The Current of
Plenty.
The goal of the event is to present
mate variability, ecosystem health
the key outputs of the BCLME and
and pol ution, impacts of seabed
The meeting wil take place from 19
BENEFIT programmes, and con-
mining and oil and gas exploration
to 21 November in Swakopmund.
solidate plans for the future inte-
and production, socio-economics
grated management, sustainable
and governance.
24

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Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
Sediment monitoring advised
South Africa, Namibia and Angola need to consider additional environmental man-
agement and monitoring actions to better understand and mitigate the effects of
discharged sediments resulting from near-shore and coastal diamond mining.
This advice is contained in a report,
This study was rooted in a concern
and near-shore sub-tidal smothering
compiled under the leadership of
that cumulative effects, over time
of reef in the demonstration areas
South Africa's Council for Scientific
and space, may be severe," Smith
wil occur. This estimate is based
and Industrial Research (CSIR), on
explains.
on measured accretion to date and
the cumulative effect of discharges
Other findings included:
future accretion based on planned
resulting from mining activities in a
mining rates, on known reef areas.
defined area of the BCLME.
Natural sediment, i.e. from the
The smothered area comprises
Orange River and windblown sedi-
The project area covered a sec-
only one to two percent of the
ment tend to be fine. Most of the
tion of the Namibian coastline, from
rocky shore in the Namibian part
sediment discharged from mining,
the Olifants River (in the south), to
of the project area. Nevertheless,
however, is medium to coarse sand.
Spencer Bay (in the north), and from
it is important to verify that the
The fine sediment is mobilised by
the high-water mark extending to
impacted shore does not constitute
wave action and is transported rap-
40m in depth.
a unique and important habitat.
idly, general y northward, by wind-
It is estimated that 400 to 800
driven and wave-driven currents.
The CSIR recommends that detailed
mil ion tons of sediment from
This is not the case with coarse
logs should be kept of the hourly or
the Orange River was discharged
mine sediment, which general y
daily rates of al sediment discharg-
between 1968 and April 2005 in
results in accretion. Of a total of 361
es, as wel as accurate directional
this area. In comparison, it is likely
mil ion tons of sediment (primarily
wave measurements and wind data
that about 400 mil ion tons of sedi-
sand) estimated to have been dis-
in mining areas.
The environmental impacts of
ment resulted from near-shore and
charged from 1970 onwards, about
Consideration should also be given coastal and nearshore diamond
coastal diamond mining during the
294 mil ion tons or 81 percent are
to discharging at wave-exposed mining should be better moni-
same period.
accounted for by measured accre-
sites that wil result in more rapid tored say scientists from South
Africa's Council for Scientific
Leader of the CSIR research project,
tion of the shore and near-beach
dispersion of sediment, as opposed and Industrial Research.
Geoff Smith, says that in recent
region.
to wave-sheltered sites; while dis-
years, some mining operations have
charge of selective mine tailings
The discharge of large volumes
resulted in the discharge of up to
of sand can result in long-term (years
into mined-out areas should also be
several mil ion tons of tailings at a
to decades) deposition on reefs,
considered. (In Namibia the policy is
single site annual y.
which overshadows natural trends.
to discharge tailings into the marine
environment, unlike South Africa,
"Several future mining operations
By 2013, an estimated total of about
where tailings are discharged into
are planned to be of a similar scale.
three kilometres of rocky inter-tidal
slimes dams).
Marine Research Institute is launched
The University of Cape Town launched the Marine
Research (MA-RE) Institute recently.
The Institute is an umbrel a body for some 40 ful -
time researchers, in several different departments,
who are involved in marine research at UCT. As
such, it coordinates and fosters cross disciplinary
and inter-faculty research projects and develops
marine curricula.
Areas of development and capacity building wil
include marine law and policy, integrated coastal
management, marine biotechnology, operational
oceanography, Southern Ocean research, satel ite
Pictured at the launch of MA-RE are Dr Keith Alverson, Director of the Global Ocean Observ-
oceanography and numerical model ing, marine
ing System (GOOS) office at UNESCO in Paris; Dr Therina Theron, from the Department of
engineering, an ecosystem approach to fisheries,
Research and Development at UCT; Professor John Field, Director of the MA-RE Institute;
seabird research and marine biodiversity studies.
Professor Cheryl de la Rey, Deputy Vice-Chancellor of Research at UCT, who launched the
Institute as one of UCT's new signature themes; Dr Justin Ahanhanzo, Technical Director of
GOOS-Africa; and Emlyn Balarin, Manager of the MA-RE Institute.
25

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Products of the BCLME Programme
Over the past five years, the BCLME Programme has funded and supported a wide range of activi-
ties, including workshops, research projects, exhibitions and even the production of a documen-
tary film. The list below details the products of the BCLME Programme to date (June 2007.)
Books
Websites
Shannon V, Hempel G, Malanotte-Rizoli P, Moloney C, Woods
Atkinson L, Clark B, Currie H, Kerwath S, Kleinschmidt H,
J (eds) (2006) Benguela: Predicting a Large Marine Ecosystem.
Mool a S, Rouault M, Sangolay B, Sweijd N, Wil emse N (2006)
Elsevier Large Marine Ecosystem Series 14. Oxford UK.
http://seis.bclme.org: State of the Ecosystem Information
System (SEIS)
Compact Discs
Attwood CS, Cocks M, Col ins J, Maneveldt G (2003-2007)
www.bclme.org: official website of the BCLME Programme
Attwood CS (compiler) (2005) Highlights Symposium 9-10 May
2005. A compilation of PowerPoint presentations
Buys S, Taljaard S (2004) www.wamsys.co.za/bclme: web-
based information system for the assessment and manage-
Staegemann L (compiler) (2007) Climate Change Workshop
ment of land-based marine pol ution in the BCLME
15-18 May 2007. A compilation of PowerPoint presentations
Velasquez Rojas C (filmmaker) (2004) Current of Plenty. A
Reports
documentary on the Benguela Current (also produced in
Portuguese as Corrente de Abundâcia)
Coastal Communities
Whittle C (compiler) (2004) Benguela: Predicting a Large
Anon (2004) An assessment of how coastal communities can
Marine Ecosystem, CD supplement
become involved and benefit from the BCLME programme.
Report on the Angolan visit. An Assessment of Means of
Newslet ers
Involving Coastal Communities in the BCLME Programme.
BCLME Project Report LMR/COM/03/01 (Contracted to
Attwood CS (ed) (October 2003) Benguela Current News. The
EcoAfrica Environmental Consultants, Cape Town, South
Newsletter of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem
Africa)
Programme
Anon (2004) Introducing the BCLME Programme to the wider
Attwood CS (ed) (July 2004) Benguela Current News. The
audience within the coastal communities. BCLME
Newsletter of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem
Project Report LMR/COM/03/02 (Contracted to EcoAfrica
Programme
Environmental Consultants, Cape Town, South Africa)
Attwood CS (ed) (June 2005) Benguela
Odendaal F, Phil ips T, Garcia R (2005) An assessment of how
Current News. The Newsletter of the
coastal communities can become involved and benefit from the
Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem
BCLME programme. An Assessment of Means of Involving
Programme
Coastal Communities in the BCLME Programme. BCLME
Project Report MR/COM/03/01 (Contracted to EcoAfrica
Attwood CS (ed) (July 2006) Benguela
Environmental Consultants, Cape Town, South Africa)
Current News. The Newsletter of the
Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem
Ecosystem health and pollution
Programme
Odendaal F, Philips T, Nghiulikwa R, Garcia R, Huongo A (2006)
Brochures
Marine litter programme. Marine Litter. BCLME Project
Report BEHP/ML/03/01 (Contracted to EcoAfrica Environ-
Attwood CS, O'Toole M (compilers) (2005) An African
mental Consultants, Cape Town, South Africa)
Partnership in Marine and Coastal Management. Six-page
Pulfrich A (2007) Assessment of Cumulative Impacts of Scouring
fold-out brochure on the BCLME Programme (also produced
of Sub-Tidal Areas and Kelp Cutting by Diamond Divers
in Portguese as Uma Parceria Africanan na Gestão Marinha
in Near-Shore Areas of the BCLME Region. BCLME
e Costeira)
Project Report BEHP/CEA/03/04 (Contracted to PISCES
Attwood CS, O'Toole M (compilers) (2006) The Benguela
Environmental Services, Tokai, South Africa)
Current Large Marine Ecosystem Programme. Twelve-
Smith G (compiler) (2006) Assessment of the Cumulative Effects
page profile on the BCLME Programme (also produced in
of Sediment Discharges from On-Shore and Near-Shore
Portuguese as Programa do Grande Ecossistema Marinho da
Diamond Mining Activities on the BCLME. BCLME Project
Corrente de Benguela)
Report BEHP/CEA/03/03 (Contracted to CSIR, Stel enbosch,
Matthews S (compiler) (2002) The Benguela Current Large
South Africa)
Marine Ecosystem. Eight panel fold-out brochure on the
Taljaard S (compiler) (2006) Baseline Assessment of Sources and
BCLME Programme (also produced in Portuguese as Programa
Management of Land-Based Marine Pol ution in the
do Grande Ecossistema Marinho da Corrente de Benguela)
26

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Bengu
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
BCLME Region. BCLME Project Report BEHP/LBMP/03/01
Hutchings L (2004) The synthesis of the scientific input into the
(Contracted to CSIR, Stel enbosch, South Africa)
Lüderitz Upwel ing Cel Orange River Cone workshop
­ April 2004. The Lüderitz Upwel ing Cel /Orange River
Taljaard S (compiler) (2006) The Development of a Common Set
Cone (LUCORC) workshop. BCLME Project Report
of Water and Sediment Quality Guidelines for the Coastal Zone
EV/PROVARE/02/02A (Contracted to BENEFIT, Swakop-
of the BCLME. BCLME Project Report BEHP/LBMP/03/04
mund, Namibia)
(Contracted to CSIR, Stel enbosch, South Africa)
Krakstad JO, Luyeye N, Isebor CE, Lundsør E (2004) Survey of
Environmental variability and oceanographic
the pelagic fish resources of Congo, Gabon, and Cabinda,
processes
Angola, 15­28 July 2004. BCLME Survey No. 2 2004. "Dr.
Fridtjof Nansen" Cruise Report. Assessment of Variability
Colberg F, Reason CJC (2007) Diagnosis of Large Scale South
of Transboundary Pelagic Fish Stocks Particularly Sardinel a
Atlantic Modes that Impact on the Transboundary BCLME:
from Gabon to Central Angola. BCLME Project Report
Investigating the Potential for Improved Predictability
LMR/NANSEN/04/02 (Contracted to Institute for Marine
and Sustainable Management. BCLME Project Report
Research, Bergen, Norway)
EV/LS/02/06 (Contracted to Centre for Marine Studies,
University of Cape Town, South Africa)
Luyeye N (2005) Retrospective Analysis of Sardinel a Fisheries
in Angola. BCLME Project Report LMR/CF/03/11b
De Cauwer V (2006) Assessing Potential to Produce Final Ocean
(Contracted to National Institute of Fisheries Research,
Colour Maps of Namibia's Marine Environment. BCLME
Luanda, Angola)
Project Report PCU/POLYTECH/05/01 (Contracted to
Polytechnic of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia)
Omardien A (2006) By-catch of Threatened Seabirds, Sharks
and Turtles in Long-line Fisheries in the BCLME: an Integrated
Duncan F (2003) SADCO Holdings of Namibian Data:Assess-
Approach. BCLME Project Report BEHP/EEF/03/01/02
ment of Historical Oceanographic Data Available from
(Contracted to WWF SA and BirdLife SA, Stel enbosch,
SADCO. BCLME Project Report EV/SADCO/03/01
South Africa)
(Contracted to UNDP-SA)
Petersen SL, Honig M, Wissema J, Cole D (2006) Optimal line
Monteiro PMS, van der Plas AK, Bailey GW, Fidel Q (compilers)
sink rates: mitigating seabird mortality in the South African
(2004) Low oxygen variability in the Benguela ecosystem:
longline fisheries. By-catch of Threatened Seabirds,
a review and new understanding. Critical Review of the
Sharks and Turtles in Long-line Fisheries in the BCLME:
Biophysical Processes and Variability that Characterise the Low
an Integrated Approach. BCLME Project Report BEHP/
Oxygen Water (LOW) Variability and an Improved Monthly
EEF/03/01/02 (Contracted to WWF SA and BirdLife SA,
State of the Environment (SOE) Reporting on Low Oxygen
Stel enbosch, South Africa)
Water in the BCLME. BCLME Project Report EV/LOW/02/01
(Contracted to CSIR, Stel enbosch, South Africa)
Staby A, Krakstad JO (2005) Review of the state of knowledge
and research on the distribution, biology, ecology and
Reid PC, Richardson AJ (2003) Feasibility Assessment for the
abundance of non-exploited mesopelagic fish and the
Use of a Towed Undulating Oceanographic Recorder (TUOR)
bearded goby in the Benguela ecosystem. Assessment
in the BCLME. BCLME Project Report EV/PROVARE/02/01
of the Ecological Importance of Pelagic Fish and Pelagic
(Contracted to Marine Environmental Consultancy, Devon,
Gobies in the Functioning of the BCLME region - a Desktop
United Kingdom)
Review. BCLME Project Report LMR/CF/03/08 (Contracted
Fisheries management
to BENEFIT, Swakopmund, Namibia)
Strømme T, Lipi´nski M, Ostrowski M, Alvheim O (2004) A trans-
Aukland R, Ninnes C (2004) An Assessment of the State of
boundary study with emphasis on deep water hake in
Commercial Fisheries Catch Data in the BCLME region.
the Lüderitz-Orange River cone area. BCLME Survey No.
BCLME Project Report LMR/CF/03/02 (Contracted to
1 2004. "Dr Fridtjof Nansen" Cruise Report No 5/2004.
BENEFIT, Swakopmund, Namibia)
Survey of Transboundary Demersal Fish Stocks in Southern
Cochrane KL (compiler) (2006) Report of the second Regional
Namibia with Special Reference to Hake. BCLME Project
Workshop, Luanda, Angola: 20­24 March 2006. Ecosystem
Report LMR/NANSEN/04/01 (Contracted to Institute for
Approaches for Fisheries (EAF) Management in the BCLME.
Marine Research, Bergen, Norway)
BCLME Project Report LMR/EAF/03/01 (Contracted to
Strømme T, Lipi´nski M, Ostrowski M, Alvheim O (2004) A trans-
Marine and Coastal Management, Cape Town, South Africa)
boundary study with emphasis on deep water hake in
Cochrane KL (compiler) (2006) Report on the third Regional
the Lüderitz-Orange River cone area. BCLME Survey No.
Workshop, Cape Town, South Africa, 30 October to 3
3 2004. "Dr Fridtjof Nansen" Cruise Report No. 10/2004.
November 2006. Ecosystem Approaches for Fisheries
Transboundary Study with Emphasis on Deep Water Hake
(EAF) Management in the BCLME. BCLME Project
in the Lüderitz-Orange River Cone Area. BCLME Project
Report LMR/EAF/03/01 (Contracted to Marine and Coastal
Report LMR/NANSEN/04/04 (Contracted to Institute of
Management, Cape Town, South Africa and Food and
Marine Research, Bergen, Norway)
Agriculture Organization, Italy)
Strømme T, Lipi´nski M, Ostrowski M, Alvheim O (2005)
Transboundary survey between Namibia and South Africa
continued.../28
27

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Products of the BCLME Programme
with focus on shared stocks of hake. BCLME Survey No.
(Contracted to Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of
27.../continued
1 2005. "Dr Fridtjof Nansen" Cruise Report No 2/2005.
Cape Town, South Africa)
Transboundary Survey between Namibia and South Africa
Geel K, Crosoer D, Leiman A (2006) Micro-economic systems
with Focus on Shared Stocks of Hake. BCLME Project
analysis of the BCLME commercial marine fisheries. An
Report LMR/NANSEN/05/01 (Contracted to Institute for
Analysis of Right-Based Micro-Economic Systems and
Marine Research, Bergen, Norway)
Governance of the Important Commercial Fisheries in the
Sumaila UR (2005) Determination of Optimal Harvesting
BCLME Countries. BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/03
Strategies for the Hake Trawl and Longline Fisheries in
(Contracted to Enviro-Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
Namibia and South Africa. BCLME Project Report
Harris T, Leiman A, Stephanus K (2004) Marketing analysis of
LMR/CF/03/07 (Contracted to Fisheries Economics Research
major fish products markets in the Benguela Current Large
Unit, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada)
Marine Ecosystem. An Economic and Legal Study to
Sweijd N, Purves M, Japp D (2006) Report on potential shared
Assess the Policy Prospects for Formulating a Balanced
hake stocks ­ research planning meeting (Namibia and South
Development of Trade in Fish and Fish Products from the
Africa). Development and Harmonization of Operational
BCLME. BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/02 (Contracted
Management Procedures (OMP)s for the Transboundary
to Enviro-Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
Cape Hake Stocks of the Benguela Region. BCLME Project
Leiman A, Hasson R (2006) Recommendations on beneficiation
Report BCLME/LMR/CF/03/06 (Contracted to BENEFIT,
and commercialization of fishing activities in the BCLME
Swakopmund, Namibia)
countries. An Economic and Legal Study to Assess the
Vas-Velho F, Uumati M, Mupupa H, Axelsen BE, Zaera D (2006)
Policy Prospects for Formulating a Balanced Development
A transboundary study of the pelagic fish stocks of southern
of Trade in Fish and Fish Products from the BCLME. BCLME
Angola and northern Namibia. BCLME Survey No. 2 2005.
Project Report LMR/SE/03/02 (Contracted to Enviro-Fish
"Dr. Fridtjof Nansen" Cruise Report. BCLME Project Report
Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
LMR/NANSEN/02/05 (Contracted to Institute for Marine
Mool a S, Currie H, Kleinschmidt H (2005) An analysis of fisheries
Research, Bergen, Norway)
management protocols in the BCLME countries. An Analysis
Fisheries socio-economics
of Right-Based Micro-Economic Systems and Governance of
the Important Commercial Fisheries in the BCLME Countries.
Cardoso P, Fielding P, Sowman M (2006) Socio-economic base-
BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/03 (Contracted to Enviro-
line survey of coastal communities in the BCLME region
Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
­ South Africa: Review of Institutional Arrangements and
Mool a S, Currie H, Kleinschmidt H (2005) Transformation in the
Provision of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal
marine fishing industries of the BCLME countries. An Analysis
Fisheries, Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal
of Right-Based Micro-Economic Systems and Governance of
Communities. BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/C
the Important Commercial Fisheries in the BCLME Countries.
(Contracted to Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of
BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/03 (Contracted to Enviro-
Cape Town, South Africa)
Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
Cardoso P, Sowman M, Duarte A (2006) Socio-economic base-
Mool a S, Currie H, Kleinschmidt H (2006) Comparative legal
line survey of coastal communities in the BCLME region ­

analysis and report on law reform. An Analysis of Right-
Angola: Review of Institutional Arrangements and Provision
Based Micro-Economic Systems and Governance of the
of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal Fisheries,
Important Commercial Fisheries in the BCLME Countries.
Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal Communities.
BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/03 (Contracted to Enviro-
BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/C (Contracted to
Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of Cape Town,
South Africa)
Moola S, Currie H, Kleinschmidt H (2006) Report on the biological,
social and economic impact of rights al ocations in the
Erlank W, Myburgh E, Zunckel H (2005) An assessment of the
BCLME region. An Analysis of Right-Based Micro-Economic
legislation and regulations control ing access to key export
Systems and Governance of the Important Commercial
markets in the three BCLME countries. An Economic and
Fisheries in the BCLME Countries. BCLME Project
Legal Study to Assess the Policy Prospects for Formulating a
Report LMR/SE/03/03 (Contracted to Enviro-Fish Africa,
Balanced Development of Trade in Fish and Fish Products
Grahamstown, South Africa)
from the BCLME. BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/02
(Contracted to Enviro-Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South
Myburgh E, Erlank W (2005) The desirability of balanced trade
Africa)
in fish and fish products among the three BCLME coun-
tries. An Economic and Legal Study to Assess the Policy
Fielding P, Cardoso P, Shapi M, Sowman M (2006) Socio-economic
Prospects for Formulating a Balanced Development of Trade
baseline survey of coastal communities in the BCLME
in Fish and Fish Products from the BCLME. BCLME Project
region ­ Namibia: Review of Institutional Arrangements and
Report LMR/SE/03/02 (Contracted to Enviro-Fish Africa,
Provision of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal
Grahamstown, South Africa)
Bengu
Fisheries, Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal
Communities. BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/C
curr e
ent l
n a
ews
?
28

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Be
B n
e g
n u
gcurre
ent l
n a
curr e
ent new
e s
w
Oel erman L, Leiman A, Pascoal R (2006) BCLME commercial
BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/A (Contracted to
fisheries rights holder and vessel analysis. An Analysis of
Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of Cape Town,
Right-Based Micro-Economic Systems and Governance of
South Africa)
the Important Commercial Fisheries in the BCLME Countries.
Anon. (2006) Interim Agreement between the Government of
BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/03 (Contracted to Enviro-
the Republic of Angola and the Government of the Republic
Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
of Namibia and the Government of the Republic of South
Savy CE, Leiman A (2005) The desirability of balanced trade in
Africa on the Establishment of the Benguela Current
fish and fish products among the three BCLME coun-
Commission
tries. An Economic and Legal Study to Assess the Policy
Batty M, Tjipute M, Shapi M (2005) Overview and analysis of
Prospects for Formulating a Balanced Development of Trade
social, economic and fisheries information to promote
in Fish and Fish Products from the BCLME. BCLME Project
artisanal fisheries management in the BCLME region ­
Report LMR/SE/03/02 (Contracted to Enviro-Fish Africa,
Namibia. Review of Institutional Arrangements and Provision
Grahamstown, South Africa)
of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal Fisheries,
Shal ard B, Gibbs A, Shal ard P, Kleinschmidt H, Mool a S, Sauer
Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal Communities.
WHH (2007) Management accounting and public finance.
BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/B (Contracted to
Fisheries sector ­ BCLME countries. An Analysis of Revenue
Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of Cape Town,
Raising Instruments of the Important Commercial Fisheries
South Africa)
in the BCLME Countries. BCLME Project Report LMR/
Bok EV, Sowman M (2004) Review and audit of the legal pro-
SE/03/05 (Contracted to Enviro-Fish Africa, Grahamstown,
visions and institutional arrangements that impact on the
South Africa)
artisanal fisheries sector in the BCLME region. Final Report ­
Sumaila UR, Munro G, Keith H (2004) Benguela Current
Namibia. Review of Institutional Arrangements and Provision
Commission (BCC) economic study. Economic Study
of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal Fisheries,
and Cost Benefit Analysis of Cooperative Research and
Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal Communities.
Management of the BCLME. BCLME Project Report PCU/
BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/A (Contracted to
BCC/04/02 (Contracted to Fisheries Economics Research
Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of Cape Town,
Unit, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada)
South Africa)
Tuomi K (2005) Assessing the role and impact of eco-label ing
Britz PJ, Delgado F, Klingelhoeffer E (2006) A review of aqua-
in the three BCLME countries. An Economic and Legal Study
culture policy and institutional capacity in the BCLME region,
to Assess the Policy Prospects for Formulating a Balanced
with recommended regional policy options. Development of
Development of Trade in Fish and Fish Products from the
a Responsible Aquaculture Policy for the BCLME. BCLME
BCLME. BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/02 (Contracted
Project Report LMR/MC/03/01 (Contracted to Enviro-Fish
to Enviro-Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
Zunckel H (2005) A BCLME regional integration study regarding
Cardoso P, Fielding P, Sowman M (2005) Overview and analysis
trade in fish and fish products. An Economic and Legal Study
of social, economic and fisheries information to promote arti-
to Assess the Policy Prospects for Formulating a Balanced
sanal fisheries management in the BCLME region ­ South
Development of Trade in Fish and Fish Products from the
Africa. Review of Institutional Arrangements and Provision
BCLME. BCLME Project Report LMR/SE/03/02 (Contracted
of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal Fisheries,
to Enviro-Fish Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa)
Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal Communities.
BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/B (Contracted to
Governance
Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of Cape Town,
South Africa)
Agostinho D, Fielding P, Sowman M, Bergh M (2005) Overview
and analysis of social, economic and fisheries information
Cul inan C (2004) Institutional Review and Analysis for Benguela
to promote artisanal fisheries management in the BCLME
Current Commission (BCC). BCLME Project Report
countries: Angola. Review of Institutional Arrangements and
PCU/BCC/04/01 (Contracted to EnAct International, Cape
Provision of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal
Town, South Africa)
Fisheries, Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal
Currie H (2005) A compendium of key legal instruments and
Communities. BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/B
conventions relevant to the BCLME countries (Angola,
(Contracted to Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of
Namibia and South Africa) (Draft) (Contracted to Programme
Cape Town, South Africa)
Coordination Unit, Windhoek, Namibia)
Amador T, Agostinho D (2004) Review and audit of the legal pro-
Hinrichsen E, Delgado F, Britz PJ (2005) A review of aquaculture
visions and institutional arrangements that impact on the
policy and institutional capacity in the BCLME region, with
artisanal fisheries sector in the BCLME region. Final Report
recommended regional policy options. Development of a
(Angola). Review of Institutional Arrangements and Provision
Responsible Aquaculture Policy for the BCLME. BCLME
of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal Fisheries,
Project Report LMR/MC/03/01. (Contracted to Enviro-Fish
Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal Communities.
Africa, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa)
continued.../30
?
29

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Products of the BCLME Programme
Russo V, Campos L, Tarr P, Kegge G, Winstanley T, Cul inan C
Joyce LB (2004) Investigation into the Diversity and Distri-
29.../continued
(2004) Harmonisation of National Environmental Policies
bution of Cysts of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) within the
and Legislation for Marine Mining, Dredging and Offshore
BCLME. BCLME Project Report EV/HAB/02/03 (Contracted
Petroleum Exploration and Production Activities in the
to Centre for Marine Studies, University of Cape Town,
BCLME Region. BCLME Project Report BEHP/IA/03/03
South Africa)
(Contracted to Southern African Institute for Environmental
Louw D, Currie B, Anderson DM, Anderson PS, Fernández-
Assessment, Windhoek, Namibia)
Tejedor M, McMahon T, Rangel I, El itson P (2005) A pro-
Witbooi E (2004) Review and audit of the legal provisions and
posed Benguela regional shel fish sanitation monitoring pro-
institutional arrangements that impact on the artisanal
gramme. Harmonization of Regulations for Microalgal Toxins
fisheries sector in the BCLME region. Final Report ­ South
for Application in Countries Bordering the BCLME. BCLME
Africa. Review of Institutional Arrangements and Provision
Project Report EV/HAB/02/01 (Contracted to NatMIRC,
of Baseline Information in Respect of Artisanal Fisheries,
Swakopmund, Namibia)
Including Socio-Economic Surveys of Coastal Communities.
Viljoen A, Monteiro PMS (2004) Development of an Oper-
BCLME Project Report LMR/AFSE/03/01/A (Contracted to
ational Capacity for Real-Time Observation and Forecasting
Environmental Evaluation Unit, University of Cape Town,
of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABSs) in the BCLME Region:
South Africa)
Utility of Models in Forecasting HABs Events. BCLME
Harmful Algal Blooms
Project Report EV/HAB/02/06 (Contracted to Centre for
Marine Studies, University of Cape Town, South Africa)
Anderson P, Currie B, Louw DC, Anderson DM, Fernández-
Tejedor M, McMahon T, Rangel I, El itson P, Torres O (2004)
Marine biodiversity and conservation
Feasibility study for cost-effective monitoring for shel fish
Brucke A (2004) Ecosystem Mapping and Biodiversity
in Namibia and Angola with an analysis of the various
Consultative Workshop. BCLME Project Report
options for implementation of shel fish safety programmes.
BEHP/BAC/WORKSHOP/04/01 (Contracted to BENEFIT,
Development of an Operational Capacity for Monitoring
Swakopmund, Namibia)
of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Countries Bordering
the Northern part of the BCLME. BCLME Project Report
Monitoring and evaluation
EV/HAB/02/02a (Contracted to NatMIRC, Swakopmund,
Mool a S (plus 25 contributors) (2006) Report on the outcomes
Namibia)
of consultants undertaken, gaps in information and data
El itson P, Currie B, Louw DC, Anderson DM, Anderson P,
& necessary amendments to the TOR's for the state of
Fernández-Tejedor M, McMahon T, Rangel I (2006) Report
the ecosystem information system. Development of and
on a pilot study to initiate monitoring for shel fish sanitation
Making Operational a Viable and Integrative State of the
in Lüderitz area. Development of an Operational Capacity for
Ecosystem Information System (SEIS) for the BCLME.
Monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms in Countries Bordering
BCLME Project Report BCLME/SEIS/05/01 (Contracted to
the Northern Part of the Benguela Current Large Marine
Feike Natural Resource Management Advisors, Cape Town,
Ecosystem: Phase 1 - Design: Component Pilot Monitoring
South Africa and BENEFIT, Swakopmund, Namibia)
in the Lüderitz Area. BCLME Project Report EV/HAB/05/02
Prochazka K, Davies B, Griffiths C (plus 9 co-authors) (2005)
(Contracted to NatMIRC, Swakopmund, Namibia)
Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) Sub-region
El itson P, Currie B, Louw DC, Anderson DM, Anderson P,
44: The Benguela Current Final Report (Contracted to United
Fernández-Tejedor M, McMahon T, Rangel I (2006) Feasibility
Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
study for cost-effective monitoring for shel fish sanitation in
Sweijd N, Veitch J, Sauer W, Da Silva A (2006) Angola
Namibia and Angola with an analysis of the various options for
Benguela Front workshop report ­ April 2006. BCLME
implementation of shel fish safety programs. Development
Project Report BCLME/BOUNDARY/05/01 (contracted to
of an Operational Capacity for Monitoring of Harmful Algal
BENEFIT, Swakopmund, Namibia)
Blooms in Countries Bordering the Northern Part of the
BCLME: Phase 1 ­ Design: Component Pilot Monitoring in
Sweijd N, Veitch J, Sauer W, Da Silva A (2006) The marine
the Lüderitz Area. BCLME Project Report EV/HAB/05/02
scientific status of the Angola Benguela Frontal Zone.
(Contracted to NatMIRC, Swakopmund, Namibia)
Synthesis of scientific outputs. Angola Benguela Front
workshop report ­ April 2006. BCLME Project Report
Fernández-Tejedor M, Louw DC, Anderson DM, Rangel I, Currie B,
BCLME/BOUNDARY/05/01 (contracted to BENEFIT,
Anderson P (2004) Review of existing information on
Swakopmund, Namibia)
Harmful Algal Blooms in Angola, including past and present
monitoring of phytoplankton. Development of an Operational
Van der Lingen CD, Hutchings L, Brundrit GB, Byrne DA,
Capacity for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in
Duncombe Rae CM, Durholtz MD, Hunter I, Lutjeharms
Countries Bordering the Northern Part of the BCLME.
JRE, Shannon LV, Staegemann LA (2006) BCLME Southern
BCLME Project Report EV/HAB/02/02a (Contracted to
Boundary workshop report ­ May 2006. Southern Boundary
NatMIRC, Swakopmund, Namibia)
Workshop. BCLME Project Report BCLME/Boundary/06/01
Bengu
(Contracted to Programme Coordination Unit, Windhoek,
Namibia)
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Vousden DH, Ngoile M (compilers) (2006) GEF independent mid
Lisotto J (rapporteur) (2004) Consultative meeting on capacity
term evaluation - July 2005. Integrated Management of
building and training for effective management of the
the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem (BCLME).
BCLME programme (BCLME), 15-16 March 2004,
BCLME Project Report RAF/00/G32/A/1G/31 (UNOPS)
Windhoek, Namibia
Training and capacity building
Louw D, Larson J, Currie B (2007) Harmful Algal Blooms Work-
Clark BM, Laros MT, Atkinson LJ (2004) Training and capacity
shop and Distance Learning Course for the BCLME Region,
needs assessment for the BCLME. Integration and review
22 January to 2 February 2007. BCLME Workshop Report
of training and capacity building in the BCLME Programme.
EV/PROVARE/07/01 (Contracted to BENEFIT, Swakopmund,
BCLME Project Report PCU/TCB/06/01 (Contracted to
Namibia)
Anchor Environmental Consultants and Sustainability
Matters, Cape Town, South Africa)
Luyeye N, Azevedo D (2005) Upgrade Communication Systems
for Angolan BCLME Core Partner Institutions. BCLME
Fidel Q (2004) Report on the benthic workshops held in Angola
Project Report EV/ANGOLA/03/06 (Contracted to National
and Namibia - November 2005: Alexander von Humboldt
Institute of Fisheries Research, Luanda, Angola)
post-cruise analysis and training. Ichthyoplankton
Distribution, Monitoring and Training, Northern Namibia/
Matthews S (rapporteur) (2006) Minutes of the BCLME
Southern Angola; Oceanographic, Hydrological and Benthos
Strategic Planning Workshop on Training and Capacity
Monitoring in Angolan Waters. BCLME Project Report
Building, Johannesburg, South Africa 8-9 July 2004. BCLME
EV/HUMBOLDT/04/01 (Contracted to National Institute of
Strategic Planning Workshop on Training and Capacity
Fisheries Research, Luanda, Angola)
Building
Huggett J, Bradford-Grieve J (compilers) (2007) Guide to some
Verheye HM, Kreiner A (compilers) (2007) Regional Zooplankton
common copepods in the Benguela Current Large
Taxonomy and Identification Training Workshop, Swakop-
Marine Ecosystem. Regional Zooplankton Taxonomy and
mund, Namibia, 8-19 January (Contracted to BENEFIT,
Identification Training Workshop, Swakopmund, 8-19
Swakopmund, Namibia)
January 2007 (Contracted to BENEFIT, Swakopmund,
Namibia)
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The BCLME Programme
T
restoring depleted fisheries and reducing coastal degradation"
he Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem stretch-
was initiated.
es up the west coast of South Africa and Namibia to
Cabinda, the northern-most province of Angola. It is one
This project wil support the institutional strengthening of the
of the richest ecosystems on earth.
Benguela Current Commission over the next four years.
The BCLME Programme is a joint initiative by the governments
The Benguela Current Commission or BCC is a formal
of Angola, Namibia and South Africa to manage and utilise
institutional structure that wil help Angola, Namibia and South
the resources of the Benguela region in a sustainable and
Africa to implement an "ecosystem approach" to managing
integrated way. The Programme is supported by the Global
the BCLME. This means that, instead of managing living and
Environment Facility through the United Nations Development
non-living marine resources at the national level, the three
Programme.
countries wil work together to tackle transboundary environ-
mental issues such as pol ution, the management of shared
Over the past five years, the BCLME Programme has been
fish stocks and the coordination of regional efforts to mitigate
extremely successful in capturing vital knowledge and infor-
the impacts of marine mining and oil and gas production on the
mation necessary for the development of an integrated, eco-
environment.
system-based and cooperative management approach. The
Programme has made significant advances in capacity building
The BCC wil ultimately make recommendations to the three
and training. Most importantly, the BCLME Programme has
countries on research and management issues relating to
created an environment of trust and partnership between
the sustainable utilisation, conservation and protection of
Angola, Namibia and South Africa.
the BCLME. It wil be informed by an Ecosystem Advisory
Committee which wil supply countries with the best available
In 2007, the BCLME Programme was extended for a further
information concerning the implementation of the ecosystem
12 months and a second project, entitled "Implementation of
approach to management
the Benguela Current LME Strategic Action Programme for
BCLME PROGRAMME CO-ORDINATING UNIT
WINDHOEK, NAMIBIA
Tel:
+264 (0)61 246 948
Fax:
+264 (0)61 246 803
Chief Technical Advisor: Dr Mick O'Toole
e-mail:
otoole.mick@gmail.com
ACTIVITY CENTRE:
BIODIVERSITY, ECOSYSTEM HEALTH AND POLLUTION
LUANDA, ANGOLA
Tel:
+244 228 742122
Fax:
+244 222 309330
Director: Ms Maria Sardinha
e-mail:
bclme.behp@nexus.ao
ACTIVITY CENTRE:
LIVING MARINE RESOURCES
Swakopmund, NAMIBIA
Tel:
+264 (0)64 410 1106
Fax:
+264 (0)64 410 1188
Director: Mr Frikkie Botes
e-mail:
fwbotes@benguela.org
ACTIVITY CENTRE:
ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABILITY
Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
Tel:
+27 (0)21 402 3418
Fax:
+27 (0)21 402 3351
Director: Ms Lesley Staegemann
e-mail:
bclmeevg@deat.gov.za
Feedback:
Please send your comments,
Design and DTP:
suggestions and stories to:
Günther Komnick Studio, Tel: +27 (0)21 531 7798
Claire Attwood
Portuguese Translation:
Tel:
+27 (0)21 788 5453
Raquel Garcia
Fax:
+27 (0)21 788 3500
Bengu
Photography:
e-mail: cattwood@mweb.co.za
Claudio Velasquez Rojas, Claire Attwood, Kolette Grobler,
www.bclme.org
Jeffrey Abrahams, Mick O'Toole, Barrie Rose, Luzolo Gonçalves
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