Document of
The World Bank
Report No: ICR0000977
Public Disclosure Authorized
IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION AND RESULTS REPORT
(TF-28385)
ON A
GRANT
IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 6.5 MILLION
(US$ 8.35 MILLION EQUIVALENT)
Public Disclosure Authorized
TO THE
ARGENTINE REPUBLIC
FOR A
COASTAL CONTAMINATION PREVENTION AND MARINE MANAGEMENT
PROJECT
Public Disclosure Authorized
December 31, 2008
Sustainable Development Department
Argentina, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay Country Office
Latin America and the Caribbean Department
Public Disclosure Authorized
CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS
(Exchange Rate Effective December 22, 2008)
Currency Unit = Argentine Peso
AR$ 3.40 = US$ 1
US$ 0.2941 = AR$ 1
FISCAL YEAR
January 1 December 31
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
CAS
Country Assistance Strategy
CENPAT
National Patagonian Center (Centro Nacional Patagónico)
COFEMA
Federal Environmental Council (Consejo Federal de Medio Ambiente)
ESA
Environmental
Sensitivity Atlas
FPN
Natural Patagonia Foundation (Fundación Patagonia Natural)
LME
Large Marine Ecosystem
GEF
Global Environment Facility
GEO
Global Economic Outcome
GOA
Government of Argentina
IDB
Inter-American Development Bank
IHO
International Hydrographic Organization
IMO
International Maritime Organization of the United Nations
INIDEP
National Research and Fisheries Development Institute (Instituto Nacional
de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero)
ISR
Implementation Status Report
Team LIL
Learning and Innovation Loan
M&E
Monitoring and Evaluation
MARPOL
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
MSDEP
Ministry of Social Development and Environmental Policy
MTR
Mid-Term
Review
NGOs
Non-Governmental Organizations
OP
Operational
Policy
PAD
Project Appraisal Document
PEU
Project Execution Unit
PDO
Project Development Objective
PNA
Argentine Coast Guard (Prefectura Naval Argentina)
PME
Patagonia
Marine
Ecosystem
PIU
Project Implementation Unit
QMS
Quota Management System
SAyDS
Environmental and Sustainable Development Secretariat (Secretaría de
Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable)|
SAP
Strategic Action Plan
SDR
Special Drawings Rights
SHN
Servicio de Hidrografía Naval, or the Naval Hydrographic Service
SICOM
Sistema de Información Costero Marino, or Coastal Marine
Information System
SIMPO
Oceanographic and Marine Monitoring System (Sistema de Monitoreo
Pesquero y Oceanográfico)
SOLAS
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (1960, 1974)
UNDP
United Nations Development Program
UFI
Unidad de Financiamiento Internacional
UNPA
National University of Patagonia (Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia)
WWF
World Wildlife Fund
Vice President: Pamela Cox
Country Director: Pedro Alba
Sector Manager: Laura E. Tlaiye
Project Team Leader: Glenn S. Morgan
ICR Team Leader: Glenn S. Morgan
ARGENTINA
COASTAL CONTAMINATION PREVENTION AND MARINE MANAGEMENT
CONTENTS
Data Sheet
A. Basic Information
B. Key Dates
C. Ratings Summary
D. Sector and Theme Codes
E. Bank Staff
F. Results Framework Analysis
G. Ratings of Project Performance in ISRs
H. Restructuring
I. Disbursement Graph
1. Project Context, Global Environment Objectives and Design ............................ 1
2. Key Factors Affecting Implementation and Outcomes ......................................... 7
3. Assessment of Outcomes......................................................................................... 10
4. Assessment of Risk to Development Outcome ...................................................... 19
5. Assessment of Bank and Borrower Performance ................................................ 20
6. Key Lessons Learned .............................................................................................. 24
7. Comments on Issues Raised by Borrower/Implementing Agencies/Partners ... 26
Annex 1. Project Costs and Financing ...................................................................... 27
Annex 2. Outputs by Component .............................................................................. 28
Annex 3. Economic and Financial Analysis .............................................................. 37
Annex 4. Bank Lending and Implementation Support/Supervision Processes ..... 39
Annex 5. Beneficiary Survey Results ........................................................................ 41
Annex 6. Stakeholder Workshop Report and Results ............................................. 42
Annex 7. Summary of Borrower's ICR and/or Comments on Draft ICR ............. 46
Annex 8. Comments of Cofinanciers and Other Partners/Stakeholders ............... 48
Annex 9. List of Competitive Sub-Projects............................................................... 49
Annex 10. Letter from the Implementing Agency Regarding the ICR .................. 52
Annex 11. List of Supporting Documents ................................................................. 52
MAP IBRD 30418
A. Basic Information
Coastal Contamination
Prevention & Marine
Country: Argentina Project
Name:
Management Project
(GEF)
Project ID:
P049012
L/C/TF Number(s):
TF-28385
ICR Date:
01/05/2009
ICR Type:
Core ICR
REPUBLIC OF
Lending Instrument:
SIL
Borrower:
ARGENTINA
Original Total
USD 8.4M
Disbursed Amount:
USD 7.8M
Commitment:
Environmental Category: C
Global Focal Area: I
Implementing Agencies:
Secretaria de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable (SAyDS)
Cofinanciers and Other External Partners:
B. Key Dates
Revised / Actual
Process
Date
Process
Original Date
Date(s)
Concept Review:
01/15/1998
Effectiveness:
08/15/2001
Appraisal:
04/10/2000
Restructuring(s):
Approval:
04/17/2001
Mid-term Review:
06/30/2005
07/01/2005
Closing:
12/31/2006
06/30/2008
C. Ratings Summary
C.1 Performance Rating by ICR
Outcomes:
Satisfactory
Risk to Global Environment Outcome
Low or Negligible
Bank Performance:
Satisfactory
Borrower Performance:
Satisfactory
C.2 Detailed Ratings of Bank and Borrower Performance
Bank
Ratings
Borrower
Ratings
Quality at Entry:
Satisfactory
Government:
Satisfactory
Implementing
Quality of Supervision: Moderately Satisfactory
Moderately Satisfactory
Agency/Agencies:
Overall Bank
Overall Borrower
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Performance:
Performance:
i
C.3 Quality at Entry and Implementation Performance Indicators
Implementation
QAG Assessments
Indicators
Rating
Performance
(if any)
Potential Problem Project
Quality at Entry
Yes
None
at any time (Yes/No):
(QEA):
Problem Project at any
Quality of
Yes
None
time (Yes/No):
Supervision (QSA):
GEO rating before
Satisfactory
Closing/Inactive status
D. Sector and Theme Codes
Original
Actual
Sector Code (as % of total Bank financing)
Central government administration
30
30
General agriculture, fishing and forestry sector
4
4
Ports, waterways and shipping
26
26
Sub-national government administration
40
40
Theme Code (Primary/Secondary)
Biodiversity
Primary
Primary
Environmental policies and institutions
Primary
Primary
Participation and civic engagement
Secondary
Secondary
Pollution management and environmental health
Primary
Primary
Water resource management
Primary
Primary
E. Bank Staff
Positions
At ICR
At Approval
Vice President:
Pamela Cox
David De Ferranti
Country Director:
Pedro Alba
Myrna L. Alexander
Sector Manager:
Laura E. Tlaiye
John Redwood
Project Team Leader:
Glenn S. Morgan
Laura E. Tlaiye
ICR Team Leader:
Glenn S. Morgan
ICR Primary Author:
Hernan M. Gonzalez Figueroa
Marcelo Hector Acerbi
ii
F. Results Framework Analysis
Global Environment Objectives (GEO) and Key Indicators(as approved)
The Project's global objective is to support long-term protection of international waters
and the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources. The objective will be
achieved by financing incremental activities aimed at improving Argentina's capacity to
protect marine biodiversity and safeguard Patagonia's marine ecosystem from coastal
contamination.
Revised Global Environment Objectives (as approved by original approving authority)
and Key Indicators and reasons/justifications
(a) GEO Indicator(s)
Original Target
Formally
Actual Value
Values (from
Revised
Achieved at
Indicator
Baseline Value
approval
Target
Completion or
documents)
Values
Target Years
Improvement in capacity to prevent potential oil spills. Institutional capacity of
Indicator 1 : Coast Guard to prevent navigational risks by introducing marine electronic
infrastructure program
Effectiveness 75%
Effectiveness of
thanks to TA for
Value
surveillance system for
Effectiveness by
replacing Sistema
(quantitative or
fishing-ship positioning 80%
de Monitoreo
Qualitative)
(by PNA): 25%
Satelital de la Pesca
(MONPESAT)
Date achieved 12/31/1999
06/30/2008
12/01/2006
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Upgrade capacity of Hydrographic Service to measure and manage data to
Indicator 2 : generate and improve navigational charts and information system, by acquiring
oceanographic equipment, software, and training
ENCs with new
technology for the
ports of Rio de la
Plata, Mar del
Plata, Rio de Bahia
Value
Blanca, Comodoro
Uncertified electronic
Additional 4 ENC
(quantitative or
Rivadavia and
nautical charts (ENC)
(certified)
Qualitative)
Caleta Paula; 2
ENCs have been
certified by IHO; 2
more (Ushuaia,
Puerto Deseado)
were in the process
iii
of certification by
end of proj.
Date achieved 12/31/2002
06/30/2008
12/01/2006
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Indicator 3 : Strengthening of Coast Guard's capacity to respond to potential oil spills
500 handbooks
delivered for
additional training
All training
for all 3 levels of
activities
training: operator,
completed for 130
supervisor &
Training center with
people. 4
instructor.
Value
limited equipment for
additional
14 officers from
(quantitative or
spillage contention and auxiliary ships
PNA trained in
Qualitative)
continuous training
purchased as well
France (CEDRES)
as 10 field
& Spain (OSRL);
laboratory kits for
Patagonian
ballast analyses.
Training Center on
Oil Spill Prevent. in
P.Madryn, eq.
installed
Date achieved 12/31/1999
06/30/2008
12/20/2007
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Increased capacity of Federal Secretariat of Environment and Patagonian
Indicator 4 : provinces to manage protected marine biodiversity areas
Toolkit and
institutionalized
procedures for
effective
Evaluation of
management of
management
Lack of effective tools
MPA in
effectiveness of
Value
and coordination
accordance with
coastal and marine
(quantitative or procedures for identifying standard
protected areas was
Qualitative)
and setting marine
international
completed based on
protected areas
practices
consensus-building
disclosed and
with local
distributed
authorities.
amongst the
involved
provinces.
Date achieved 12/31/1999
06/30/2008
07/04/2007
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Indicator 5 : Coast Guard able to model plume of potential spillage, hydropgraphic service
iv
able to indicate environmental sensitivity areas, to help prioritize response
actions
Coast Guard
capable of tracing
The Hydrographic
Coast guard without any contamination
Service generated a
capacity to predict
plumes; and
hydrodynamic
spillage movements; and Hydrographic
model with
Value
Hydrographic Service
Service handling
WQmap software,
(quantitative or
without capacity for
info on
which will provide
Qualitative)
hydrodynamic modeling environmental
input for the
and with scattered benthic sensitivity areas
OilMap being
information
for priority setting.
operated by the
OilMap software
Coast Guard.
has been upgraded.
Date achieved 12/31/1999
10/31/2006
12/01/2007
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
(b) Intermediate Outcome Indicator(s)
Original Target
Actual Value
Formally
Values (from
Achieved at
Indicator
Baseline Value
Revised
approval
Completion or
Target Values
documents)
Target Years
Reduction of navigational risks.
Indicator 1 : Baseline: 3 non-IHO certified Electronic Nautical Charts (ENC)
Current: 3 IHO-certified ENC; training of SHO officers
2 charts for
Patagonia certified.
7 certified
Two more charts
navigation charts,
for Ushuaia and
Value
4 of them
Puerto Deseado
3 navigation charts in
(quantitative or
including
submitted for
ports not certified by IHO
Qualitative)
environmental and
certification. San
navigation risk
Antonio chart
sensitivity
canceled due to
operational
problems.
Date achieved 12/31/2002
06/30/2008
12/20/2007
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Indicator 2 : Improved environmental knowledge of the Patagonia ocean platform
Existing information
Oceanographic
Value
Environmental
disperse and not available
equip. (buoys and
(quantitative or
sensitivity atlas in
at single source for
beamers) procured
Qualitative)
place
decision makers
& installed. Buoys
v
intentionally
damaged but now
repaired. SHN will
set them back to sea
in Feb. '09.
Oceanographic
buoys in service &
data collected by
SHN in 5 diff.
areas; ESA
completed w/ info.
on BA
Date achieved 12/31/2002
06/30/2008
12/20/2006
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Indicator 3 : Programs in place to reduce fish by-catch.
A workshop on
Preparation of
albatrosses and
workshop on
petrells by-catch
affected species by
was held. A
incidental by-catch
Value
Non-existent programs or specific study to
was to take place in
(quantitative or
projects
make a diagnostic
fall 2008, following
Qualitative)
and evaluation of
study on incidental
fisheries by-catch
fishing, which was
has been
to start in 1st
cancelled.
quarter of 2008.
Date achieved 12/31/2002
06/30/2008
12/20/2007
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Indicator 4 : Increased applied research in the region in areas linking the project objectives
At least an
47 subprojects
additional USD6
implemented,
million in applied
including the
research in place,
continental
fully using the
platform and
USD2 million
Value
Scattered and relatively
provincial coastal
funded by the
(quantitative or low resources for research
zones, amounting to
project.
Qualitative)
in the region
USD2.45 million.
Strengthened
management of
1 workshop
areas through
conducted to
Competitive Sub-
evaluate progress of
projects (CSP)
CSP conducted.
results.
Date achieved 12/31/2002
06/30/2008
11/20/2008
Comments
(incl. %
vi
achievement)
Strengthening of institutional capacity in environmental agencies in 4 provinces,
Indicator 5 : cincluding the implementation of activities for sustainable management of
fisheries
Technical staff in 4
provinces trained
Priority programs
on GIS, animal
executed
rescue, marine and
according to tri-
coastal legislation,
Lack of provincial
annual
Value
management of
capacity to measure
development plan,
(quantitative or
marine protected
current and potential
including activities
Qualitative)
areas,
environmental hazards to strengthen
environmental and
sustainable
waste management
fisheries
in ports, Strategic
management.
Environmental
Assessment (SEA).
Date achieved 12/31/2002
06/30/2008
12/18/2006
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
Indicator 6 : Identification of marine protected areas/management Effectiveness Evaluation
44 marine protected
A preliminary
areas (MPAs)
assessment of
identified for an
Value
37 protected marine areas effective
assessment of
(quantitative or covering 0.59% of overall implementation
effective
Qualitative)
marine area.
available for the
implementation. 4
protected areas
workshops
system.
conducted on 40
MPAs.
Date achieved 12/31/2002
12/31/2006
12/18/2006
Comments
(incl. %
achievement)
G. Ratings of Project Performance in ISRs
Actual
Date ISR
No.
GEO
IP
Disbursements
Archived
(USD millions)
1
10/29/2001
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
0.00
2
05/16/2002
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
0.00
3
12/06/2002
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
0.83
4
06/16/2003
Satisfactory
Unsatisfactory
0.83
5
12/23/2003
Satisfactory
Unsatisfactory
0.83
6
06/17/2004
Satisfactory
Unsatisfactory
1.02
vii
7
12/09/2004
Satisfactory
Unsatisfactory
1.25
Moderately
8
05/01/2005
Satisfactory
1.25
Unsatisfactory
Moderately
Moderately
9
06/29/2005
1.48
Unsatisfactory
Unsatisfactory
10
12/28/2005
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
4.38
11
05/01/2006
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
4.85
12
12/27/2006
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
6.54
13
06/13/2007
Moderately Satisfactory
Satisfactory
6.54
14
12/20/2007
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
7.80
15
06/23/2008
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
7.80
H. Restructuring (if any)
Not Applicable
I. Disbursement Profile
viii
1. PROJECT CONTEXT, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN
1.1 Context at Appraisal
The Patagonia Marine Ecosystem (PME) is a highly productive area supporting a wide
variety of marine life. The PME covers approximately 600,000 square kilometers along the
coastal waters of the four Argentine provinces of Chubut, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, and Tierra
del Fuego. This ecosystem hosts a large number of marine species, including the endemic
Magellan penguin, the Southern Elephant Seal, and the Southern Right Whale. The region
includes at least 46 wetlands sites with conservation value, 40 of which have been included
in the project. 52% of them have been declared as protected areas, including 6 provincial
reserves, 2 Ramsar sites (Bahía Samborombón y Bahía San Sebastián) and the first and
recently created coastal/marine national park in Argentina (Monte León).
The PME is an important region for Argentina's economy. Commercial fishing, oil
exploration, tourism, and a past national policy promoting industrial development (mining
and manufacturing) have shaped the process of human settlement along the coast. At
appraisal, the impacts of these human activities on the overall health of the marine ecosystem
were not fully known as monitoring and research was not sufficient to draw firm conclusions.
However, continued growth and risks involved in oil exploration and transportation were
considered as significant threats to ecological sustainability.
Main Sector Issues. At the time of project preparation, the main sector issues affecting the
sustainability of Patagonia's marine ecosystem were: (i) oil spills from tankers and cargo
ships; (ii) land based pollution, particularly during the tourism high season when population
doubles; (iii) unsustainable exploitation of marine resources, especially fish; (iv) insufficient
knowledge about the PME; and (v) weak institutional capacity. The issues of oil spills,
insufficient knowledge about the PME and weak institutional capacity were explicitly
addressed by the project.
The issue of unsustainable use of the marine fisheries resource was not originally addressed
by the project because there was a Sustainable Fisheries Management Project under
preparation (LIL). Though technical consultations were held and the LIL was approved on
September 18, 2000, that project did not materialize mainly due to political considerations.
With respect to the issue of land based pollution, investments in wastewater treatment and
solid waste disposal were already taking place in the Patagonian provinces and therefore
were not addressed under this project.
Rationale for World Bank Involvement. The proposed project complemented and built
upon experiences and lessons learned from similar projects implemented by the World Bank,
the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and the United Nations Development Program
(UNDP). The Government of Argentina saw the World Bank as a natural partner for this
project because of its wide range of practical experience from regional, coastal, and marine
management programs. This includes projects such as the Mexico Marine Parks Programs,
the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor, and other projects developed in the Baltic Sea, the
Black Sea, the Red Sea, and the Gulf of Aden. Additionally, the Bank's reputation allowed it
to serve as an honest broker among various project stakeholders. The Bank's participation in
this project was possible because the project was consistent with the Bank's Country
1
Assistance Strategy, which supported the goal of promoting sustainable management of
natural resources and protection of biodiversity.
1.2 Original Global Environment Objectives (GEO) and Key Indicators
The project's Global Environment Objective was to support long-term protection of
international waters and the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources. The
project financed incremental activities aimed at improving Argentina's capacity to protect
marine biodiversity and safeguard Patagonia's marine ecosystem from coastal contamination.
The Project Development Objective was to strengthen Argentina's efforts to reduce pollution
of the Patagonia marine environment and improve sustainable management of marine
biodiversity by: (i) improving oil spill prevention and response capacity and preventing ship-
based pollution; (ii) improving the knowledge base about the Patagonia marine environment
and its biodiversity; and (iii) building capacity and promoting regional knowledge sharing for
sustainable management of marine resources. The project's outcome and output indicators as
defined in the Project Appraisal Document (PAD) are listed in Table 1 below.
Table 1. Project Development Objective, Outcome/Impact and Output Indicators
as Identified in PAD
Project Development
Outcome/Impact Indicators
Output Indicators
Objective
(i) Improving oil spill
- Reduced ship-based pollution
- All provinces capable of using
prevention and
(oil/waste spilled or
integrated zonal contingency
response capacity and
discharged per ton transported
plans through drills
preventing ship-based
and percent of ballast water
- Reduced drill response time in
pollution
treated in ports) by reducing
PNA by 30%.
navigational risks;
- Volumes of ship waste (oil,
- Improving preparedness and
garbage and chemical
response to oil spills;
residues) measured and
- Better monitoring of pollution
collection increased by 30%.
from ships.
(ii) Improving the
- Sensitive areas prioritized for
- Marine Biodiversity
knowledge base about
protection based on
protection is integrated in
the Patagonia marine
dissemination of marine
Government policies
environment and its
biology and oceanographic
biodiversity
data of global and local
relevance.
2
Table 1. Project Development Objective, Outcome/Impact and Output Indicators
as Identified in PAD
Project Development
Outcome/Impact Indicators
Output Indicators
Objective
(iii) Building capacity
- Improved capacity in national
- Training for provincial
and promoting
and provincial governments to
authorities.
regional knowledge
assess the effects of economic - Environmental Information
sharing for sustainable
activity on the marine
System for the Patagonia
management of marine
environment and ability to
Shelf Area with nodes in each
resources
incorporate lessons from pilot
Patagonian province.
projects in marine protection
- Monitoring and Evaluation
program measures health of
LME (PME).
- Sustainable policies adopted
by Provincial environmental
authorities.
1.3 Revised Global Environment Objective (GEO) and Key Indicators and
Reasons/Justification
During the Mid-Term Review (MTR) carried out in June 2005, the Bank team evaluated the
objectives of the project and revised the output indicators developed for the PAD. The
evaluation was based on the country's priorities at that time and the existing CAS, where this
project complemented the objective of rebuilding infrastructure ports and ensuring pollution
control.
As a result of the MTR, the GEO, PDO and outcome indicators were not revised. However,
the output indicators for each Component and Sub-component were modified. These
indicators were modified so that the project could be monitored and evaluated in a more
effective manner by reflecting project outputs more accurately. The monitoring framework
developed by the MTR grouped output indicators into 3 categories: (i) indicators of state (i.e.,
at the biological resource level); (ii) process or management indicators (such as new
regulations established); and (iii) indicators of stress reduction (for instance, number of fines).
A table comparing the original and final indicators is provided in Annex 2.
1.4 Main Beneficiaries
The direct beneficiaries and the benefits defined in the Project Appraisal Document (PAD)
were the following:
The national and provincial governments.
The national and global marine resources research community.
Coastal communities and tourism interests.
The research institutions and NGOs participating in the matching grant program.
The maritime shipping industry.
In addition, a number of initiatives in other countries in Latin America and elsewhere have
benefited from this Project. For example, officers from Uruguay, Chile, Colombia, and Brazil
have been trained at the Oil Spill Response Center in Ushuaia. The Prefectura Naval
3
Argentina (PNA) and its local counterparts in Uruguay on the Rio de la Plata have been
collaborating in the prevention and analysis of oil spills. As a result, PNA and Servicio de
Hidrografía Naval (SHN) have provided technical support to their Uruguayan counterparts.
1.5 Original Components
The project, as approved by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), had 3 components: (i)
Maritime Pollution Prevention; (ii) Marine Biodiversity Protection; and (iii) Capacity
Building, Monitoring and Evaluation and Project Management.
Component 1: Maritime Pollution Prevention. This component aimed at mitigating some
of the threats and impacts affecting the Patagonian marine environment originating from ship
based pollution and oil spills. This component addressed the need to strengthen institutional
capacity by (i) improving preparedness and response to oil spills and preventing ship-based
pollution, and (ii) reducing navigational risks by introducing a marine electronic
infrastructure program.
With regards to oil spill response and ship-based pollution prevention, the project focused on
strengthening the PNA in the following areas: (i) improving organization and analysis of
contingency plans using modern tools for data base organization, (ii) oil spill trajectory
modeling, (iii) extensive training for effective oil spills response, and (iv) improving
enforcement of International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
(MARPOL) regulations on waste discharges. Navigational risks were reduced by enhancing
the PNA's vessel tracking system and by supporting SHN in its efforts to develop
hydrographic maps of critical zones and by improving the electronic charts system.
Component 2: Marine Biodiversity Protection. This component aimed at improving the
knowledge base about marine resources to inform decision makers concerned with marine
protection and to build management capacity at the regional level. The component addressed
the need to better understand and document the specific effects and extent of impacts of
anthropogenic activities on the marine environment by: (i) improving the knowledge base on
the Patagonia marine ecosystem and identifying ecologically sensitive areas; (ii) developing
marine protection tools based on impact evaluations; and (iii) promoting capacity building
and regional knowledge sharing on marine biodiversity protection.
Regarding improving the knowledge base of the PME, the project (i) developed targeted
programs for understanding the dynamics of ocean circulation, production and environmental
degradation of key areas of the Patagonia ecosystem; (ii) carried out a Trans-boundary
Analysis of Patagonian Ecosystems, (iii) completed a sensitivity atlas; and (iv) supported the
inter-calibration of marine laboratories.
With respect to marine protection tools, the project envisioned, first, setting priority areas for
marine biodiversity and analysis of regulatory and technical aspects for piloting marine
reserves, and second, an evaluation of the incidental catches of birds, mammals and reptiles,
and the development of an action program based on the severity of impacts. The final activity
of capacity building and knowledge sharing was implemented as a Matching Grant Program
to support local pilot projects for innovation in resource use technologies and applied
research.
4
Component 3: Capacity Building, M&E, and Project Management. With respect to
Capacity Building and Dissemination, the project addressed the need to strengthen the
marine resources management capacity of the local provincial and municipal governments
and help disseminate the information on Patagonia's marine environment generated by the
Project and available from other sources. Finally, the project supported the creation of a
Project Execution Unit (PEU) within Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable
(SAyDS) and selected UNDP as executing agency.
Table 2 lists the original components and their associated funding at the time of appraisal.
The original Grant Agreement between the Government of Argentina (GOA) and the World
Bank was signed for 6.5 million Special Drawing Rights (SDR), which was equivalent to
USD 8.35 million at the time of signature.
Table 2. Original Components and Project Costs, in Million USD
Component
GEF
Total Cost of
Funding
Component
1. Maritime Pollution Prevention
1.1. Improve preparedness and response to oil spills and
1.20 1.61
prevent ship-based pollution
1.2 Reduce navigational risks by introducing a marine
0.94 1.91
electronic infrastructure program
Total Component 1
2.14
3.52
2. Marine Biodiversity Protection
2.1. Improve knowledge base and identify ecologically
1.43 3.31
sensitive areas
2.2. Develop marine protection tools
0.31 0.49
2.3. Promote capacity building and knowledge sharing on
2.55 8.66
marine biodiversity protection
Total Component 2
4.29
12.46
3. Capacity Building, M&E and Project Management
Total Component 3
1.92
2.78
PROJECT TOTAL
8.35
18.76
1.6 Revised Components
During implementation, there were no formal revisions to the three project components.
However, a new activity, fisheries (US$0.615 million), to be financed by savings from other
activities and revaluation of the SDR, was proposed during the MTR (June 2005). However,
because of administrative constraints, the fisheries activity was not implemented. Instead,
during 2007, the activities originally proposed for the fisheries component were modified and
the following activities were executed under Component 3:
Diagnosis and evaluation of the sustainability of artisan fisheries of crabs
(centollas) in the Beagle Channel.
Analysis and diagnosis of effluent discharges from the fish industry in Puerto
Deseado-Santa Cruz area.
Strengthening of Fisheries Management through (i) support to the Fisheries and
Oceanographic Monitoring System (SIMPO), procurement of computer
5
equipment, boats and kits to test ballast waters, and printing of informational
flyers.
Strengthening of the Fisheries Research System through a workshop on the use of
predictive models for the sustainable management of fisheries.
1.7 Other Significant Changes
Extension of Grant Agreement (GA). The project closing date was extended once at the
request of the GOA. The request for extension was received by the Bank on May 29, 2006.
The extension requested was for a period of 18 months, from December 31, 2006 to June 30,
2008. This extension was requested because the project had a very slow start, resulting from
delays associated with administration, and the conversion from SDR to USD.
Regarding the slow start, the Project was approved by the Board on June 26, 2001 and was
declared effective on October 4, 2002. The launch workshop took place 6 months after the
project became effective. The reasons for this delay are described in section 2.2. By the Mid-
Term Review (MTR) carried out in June 2005, the project had disbursed only 15% of the
total grant even though the pace of disbursements had accelerated. Other reasons for delays
were related to problems with the execution of contracts and the procurement specialist in the
PIU. Finally, by December 2005, disbursements had reached 51%.
With respect to the conversion from SDR to USD, the Bank informed the GOA that it would
consider its request to extend the GA once it was converted from SDR to USD. Since it was
not clear that the GOA would accept the conversion proposed by the Bank,1 and since the
GOA would have to finance any activities extending beyond December 2006, most of the
activities in the 2006 Annual Operational Plan were not initiated. Once the GA was
converted from SDR to USD, the Bank authorized the extension of the project. The Annual
Operational Plan was updated once the project was extended.
Grace period. The 4-month grace period was also extended by two months from October to
December, 2008. As reported by the PIU, this extension was requested because there were
delays associated with management of funds which in turn caused delays to the PIU. These
delays made it impossible for the PIU to document further disbursements from the grant in
respect of eligible expenditures made before the closing date.
Institutional changes. During project preparation and the first years of execution, the
SAyDS was located at the Ministry of Health. The SAyDS was subsequently moved to the
Jefatura de Gabinete de Ministros. As a result of this change, the SAyDs obtained a higher
institutional rank, which in turn had a positive impact on the project. The institutional
changes did not affect the execution of the project. The project's national director was
changed three times while the project coordinator changed twice.
1 The project was originally signed for an amount equal to SDR6.5 million, equivalent to USD8.35 million at
the time of signature of the Grant Agreement. At the time the project was converted from SDR to USD, the
SDR6.5 million were valued at USD9.5 million, but the Bank proposed to use the exchange rate at the time of
signing of the GA. On October 2, 2006, the GA was amended and the total grant amount was left at USD8.35
million.
6
2. KEY FACTORS AFFECTING IMPLEMENTATION AND OUTCOMES
2.1 Project Preparation, Design, and Quality at Entry
Lessons from previous environmental projects in Argentina were taken into account.2
The design of the proposed project was developed in parallel with and complemented by the
UNDP/GEF Argentina Coastal Zone Management Project (Phase II). In particular, the
environmental projects in Argentina highlighted two important lessons: (i) that there is need
for local ownership and expanded use of local or regional specialists; and (ii) that project
success largely depends on implementation capacity in the executing agency (in this case,
SAyDS). The project incorporated an extensive process of consultation and use of national
experts and its matching grant program continued to support local participation during
implementation.
Regarding project risks, it was expected that the incorporation of UNDP for procurement and
financial management would improve SAyDS's capacity to implement the project.
Throughout project implementation, the PIU informed the Bank about frequent delays
associated with management system. Nonetheless, throughout the project, both the PIU and
UNDP did everything possible to solve the issues that arose.
Participatory processes were an important aspect of the project both during project design
and implementation. The thirteen meetings held by the Project's Consultative Commission
documented in proceedings confirm the permanent involvement of provinces and co-
executors in the project, its decision-making process, governance and priority setting.
2.2 Implementation
The project had a very slow start due to a late effectiveness and other issues including: (i)
long negotiation period to reach an agreement with PNA and SHN to have counterpart funds
assigned within these institutions; (ii) administrative delays related to procedures and
changes in key staff, (iii) issues associated with a lack of knowledge of the Bank's/UNDP's
procedures at the local government level, (iv) problems with identifying suitable local
providers of goods and services in the Patagonian provinces which delayed the procurement
processes. By the MTR, the project had picked up its pace of disbursements. By that time the
status of the components was reviewed and new activities relating to fisheries were proposed.
Ultimately, these proposed activities were carried out as part of Components 2 and 3, as they
were compatible with both the biodiversity, and capacity building objectives.
Most of the components in the original agreement were carried out as planned--only the
work on Incidental Catch (component 2.2.B-57/58/59) for a total of USD 15,000 was not
carried out. This component focused on three types of animal groups frequently affected by
commercial fishing: birds, mammals, and reptiles. Though researchers were selected to study
each of these groups individually, it was not possible to reach an agreement between them to
2 The projects taken into consideration during preparation were the World Bank's Argentina Pollution
Management Project, the IDB's Argentina Port Modernization Program and two UNDP/GEF projects: Maritime
Front Project and Argentina Coastal Zone Management Project Phase II.
7
develop a plan to mitigate incidental fishing that would make the 3 individual plans
compatible. By the end of the project, common ground was reached that would have allowed
the consultants to manage the development of this component. Unfortunately, the Terms of
Reference (TORs) for the final consultancy were not developed on time and this activity was
not completed.
At the time of project preparation, the GOA decided to include UNDP as financial manager
since it was considered a neutral party to receive and deposit the GEF grant funds and the
counterpart funds into a single project account (no Special Account was necessary) for timely
payments for project purchases and consultant assignments. UNDP provided this assistance
under a standard Cost-Sharing Agreement, which included, inter-alia, that the procurement
and financial reporting activities for the GEF funded portion of the project would follow
Bank guidelines. UNDP's administrative fee was covered as part of SAyDS's counterpart
funds for the Project.
To address the delays in implementation in the initial 3 years of implementation, the project
was extended for 18 months. As mentioned in Section 1.6, this allowed the GOA to complete
the activities of the program. This was a low risk project with a strong focus on capacity
building both at the local and federal level.
2.3 Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Design, Implementation and Utilization
The ISR record indicates that the project faced considerable challenges and difficulty in
developing meaningful and practical project outcome and output indicators. The indicators
defined at appraisal were not reflected systematically in the ISR record during the initial
years of the project. This is due in large part to project implementation delays. In addition,
the system change over to ISR's in the Bank may have played a part.
The project's output indicators agreed at appraisal were modified based on the analysis
carried out during the MTR. During the MTR, the Bank and the project counterparts agreed
on the use of a more structured approach based on a new monitoring framework. It is
important to note that while the output indicators were changed, there were no changes in the
project's development or global environment objectives as a result of the MTR. New project
output indicators were agreed and documented in the MTR report in June 2005.
The ISR record does show that new output indicators were introduced into the Bank's ISR
system in June 2005 following the MTR mission and these indicators were updated
periodically as part of Bank supervision. However, while new indicators were reflected and
tracked, in the ISR record from June 2005 onwards, these indicators were not fully consistent
with those agreed and documented during the MTR mission. There is no indication in the
ISR record as to why the indicators proposed in the MTR were not officially adopted within
the ISR system of the Bank at that time.
In addition, two consultancies were carried out during March 2007 and June 2008 to further
improve the indicators originally defined for the project. Output indicators were established
based on guidelines established by GEF and the World Bank. These indicators were revised
during the Mid Term Review for the project (according to "Guidelines developed by the GEF
Secretariat Monitoring and Evaluation Unit for use by the three GEF Implementing
Agencies: UNDP, UNEP and the World Bank") and it was considered necessary to do an
8
outcome evaluation in terms of the project's advances and impacts in the region and globally.
To that end, after five years of project implementation, a consultancy was undertaken to
evaluate the Institutional Strengthening and Project Impacts with a vie to formulate a
possible proposal for a follow-on operation. The consultancy was executed on 31 December,
2006 and the final report was analyzed by Bank experts during supervision missions, as
recorded in the two Aide Memoires in 2007. Once the Technical Evaluation for Institutional
Strengthening and Project Impacts was completed, and the closing date was extended to 30
June, 2008, there was a need to update work related to indicators by the new closing date.
2.4 Safeguard and Fiduciary Compliance
The project triggered two safeguard policies: Environmental Assessment (OP4.01) and
Projects in Disputed Areas (OP 7.60). For Environmental Assessment purposes the Project
was classified as "C" because it did not cause direct or induce indirect negative or adverse
impacts on the environment. The information management equipment and training activities
for oil spill management, reduction of navigational risks, and improvements to the
knowledge base on marine biodiversity did not have an adverse environmental impact. No
civil works or remediation activities were financed under the Project. This environmental
classification and approach was endorsed by the Latin America and Caribbean Environment
and Social Quality Assurance Team--LCSES QAT--(Memorandum dated February 8, 2001).
The Projects in Disputed Areas safeguard policy was also triggered because the project
originally intended to cover fisheries management issues which raised concerns about
potential project activities in the area of the Malvinas/Falklands Islands, as well as the
appropriate sustainable sharing of fishing stocks between the U.K. and Argentina. However,
as mentioned previously, a fisheries component was not included in the project but was
included in a separate Sustainable Fisheries Management Project (LIL). Technical
consultations were held with the U.K. and Argentina both of which requested certain
adjustments to the scope of that project and the LIL was approved on September 18, 2000.
Regarding fiduciary compliance, an external audit of the project and two ex post reviews of
contracts were done annually. These audits were done according to terms of reference
acceptable to the Bank. In general, the GOA/UNDP met the conditions of the loan and the
applicable regulations.
In terms of financial management, the PIU (Project Implementation Unit) had skilled and
experienced staff. Although financial management procedures were missing in the
Operational Manual; procedures existed and were satisfactory to the Bank. The information
system applied did not provide information related to sub component execution and needed
to be complemented with Excel worksheets. Financial management missions reported some
complexity. Despite, the identified weaknesses, the FM arrangements provided reasonable
assurance that the grant funds were used for the intended purpose.
In terms of procurement, the PIU demonstrated overall experience and knowledge to conduct
procurement process. However, some of the ex post reviews concluded that filing systems in
placed had some deficiencies. Files did not include all the contents to document the entire
procurement process, including copies of payments, final reports, etc. The PIU addressed
these issues during project implementation.
9
2.5 Post-completion Operation/Next Phase
Sustainability of the activities initiated under the project is encouraging, but mixed. As
discussed in section 3.2, the Consultative Commission continues to meet semi-annually
under the guidance of SAyDS. Additionally, a Strategic Action Plan was developed in line
with GEF guidelines and there is political commitment both at the national and provincial
level to implement most of the actions identified as part of this plan.
Regarding the PIU, there are only two individuals out of the original 12 closing the project.
The remaining group of individuals that composed the PIU was absorbed by two different
groups working on the RAMSAR Convention on Wetlands and other marine topics, such as
International Whaling Commission, respectively. The SAyDS is expecting to get a budget of
approximately USD 30,000 for year 2009 to continue promoting the sustainable management
of marine resources and other activities initiated under the project (i.e., workshops).
Both PNA and SHN have obtained budget to carry out the activities that were started during
the project. This includes, at the PNA, continuing with the training courses at the Ushuaia Oil
Spill Prevention Training Center (currently offering 4 courses per year), funding to maintain
the equipment received, and the construction of a new building to house the Patagonian
training center. Similarly, the SHN has budget assigned to carry out the oceanographic
campaigns, to carry out training on Q-Map, and to set the buoys back in the ocean again (this
will happen during the February 2009 campaign). After the project closed in June 2008, there
were no more resources available to fund the residual PIU that were left to close the project.
The salaries of the remaining members were covered by UNDP.
3. ASSESSMENT OF OUTCOMES
3.1 Relevance of Objectives, Design and Implementation
The activities developed by the project are in line with Argentina's current national
sustainable development priorities. The areas identified during project preparation and
described in Section 1.1 are still critical to the sustainability of the Patagonian Marine
Ecosystem. For example, pollution from oil tankers and cargo ships still pose a threat to
marine and coastal life; land based pollution related to the tourism industry and other
industries, as well as the lack of adequate facilities to treat sewage and dispose solid waste
have localized impacts along the Patagonian coast; insufficient knowledge and capacity to
manage Patagonia biodiversity are challenges which still affect the ability to manage the area
sustainably.
The 2006-2008 CAS identifies the tourism industry as an important source of income for the
country, but one that is increasing its pressure on natural resources (water quality and solid
waste disposal). The Patagonian provinces have become important tourism and living
destinations for both locals and foreigners. In both cases, the pristine nature of the Patagonian
environment has been affected, and it is important that appropriate management strategies are
developed. In this sense, the project has contributed to the appropriate management of this
topic by developing and distributing a tool to measure the effectiveness of the management
of National Protected Areas and ensure proper implementation.
10
The outcomes of the project contribute to help the country meets its international
commitments. From the point of view of Argentina's international commitments, the country
is a signatory of the following conventions and the project was carried out in the framework
of these conventions including: Convention on Biological Diversity, ratified by the GOA on
November 22, 1994; International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
(MARPOL); Ramsar Convention; and the ACAP Agreement
3.2 Achievement of Global Environmental Objectives and Sustainability
As described before, the project's global environmental objective was to support long-term
protection of international waters and the conservation and sustainable use of marine
resources. The project's development objective was to strengthen Argentina's efforts to
reduce pollution of the Patagonia marine environment and improve sustainable management
of marine biodiversity. These objectives were achieved by financing incremental activities
aimed at improving Argentina's capacity to protect marine biodiversity and safeguard
Patagonia's marine ecosystem from coastal contamination.
The PDO addressed three specific objectives of the pollution control and marine biodiversity
management. The first objective aimed at improving oil spill prevention and response
capacity and preventing ship-waste pollution. State of the art technology (software, hardware,
buoys, multi-beam sonar, boats, emergency response equipment) was acquired for PNA,
SHN, and local governments. Training for staff was also provided. These institutions have
internalized the equipment and training they have received by assigning part of their budget
to keep the activities going. Relatively recent incidents at "Caleta Cordova" and the Rio de la
Plata are proof that the objectives of this project component were met (see accompanying
text box). Regarding ship-waste pollution, a system to collect data on waste discharges at the
port is now in place and is being continuously monitored by the PNA. Additionally, a waste
treatment plant for port use was designed under the project and still awaits government
funding for its construction.
The second objective under the PDO aimed to improve the knowledge base of Patagonia's
marine environment and its biodiversity. Under this component, an Environmental
Sensitivity Atlas3 was developed and has been made available to the public. This Atlas
provides information on key areas via interactive maps and a wealth of information on seven
different topics.4 Additionally, oceanographic data were collected in 5 different areas using
both the coastal and the marine buoys. These data are also available from the SHN. Maps of
the access channels to two ports were developed, as well as five electronic charts (two are
IHO certified).5 These maps and charts are also available for sale at the SHN. Their use
reduces the risk of accidents. A technical center for biodiversity conservation, with a strong
focus on animal rescue, was updated in Chubut. Finally, a methodology was developed to
establish priority areas for protection.
3 http://atlas.ambiente.gov.ar/
4 Physical characterization of the environment, survey and distribution of flora and fauna, exploitation of fish
resources, toxicity and pollution, socio-economical aspects, navigation aides, and legal framework.
5 See table 4 below for a list of ENCs available.
11
The final objective under the PDO aimed to build capacity and promote regional knowledge
sharing about sustainable management of marine resources. There are four key activities that
were developed in this context: the Sistema de Información Costero Marino (SICOM); the
matching grants subproject; the inter-calibration of laboratories; and environmental training
for school teachers. Additionally, the project invested an important amount of time and
resources on training programs (both for government officials and the public in general) and
seminars that served as meeting points to exchange the latest knowledge on biodiversity
management.6
SICOM is a computer software platform to exchange information developed by the project
and is available to the public.7 Focal points were trained at the provincial level to upload
information on marine biodiversity. The focal points continue uploading information even
though the project has concluded, thus ensuring the sustainability of this component. The
matching grants subcomponent was developed based on the needs of the local provinces. A
total of 47 pilot projects were developed in the four Patagonian provinces (see Annex 10).
Information on these projects was also uploaded into the SICOM and is available to the
general public.
Regarding the building of analytical capacity, a total of 21 laboratories have been accredited
and meet the highest international standards to analyze chemical composition and determine
the existence of pesticides in water and soil samples, among others. Finally, the
environmental training initiative was carried out in conjunction with the Ministry of
Education. 8 More than 240 teachers were trained and given manuals on environmental
education.
Table 3. Summary of Direct Project Beneficiaries and Benefits
Target Group
Benefits from the project
National
The National Government benefitted from the project in that (i) an inter-
government
institutional (with SHN and PNA) and inter-jurisdictional dialogue was started,
(ii) the GoA gained experience in the management of complex projects, (iii)
key topics related to the coastal-marine environment are now part of the
SAyDS agenda, and (iv) the country now has a Strategic Action Plan to deal
with the new priorities of the Patagonian Marine Ecosystem.
Governments in the The provincial governments received both equipment and training that allows
4 Patagonian
them to better manage their natural resources. The matching grants component
Provinces
was developed based on the Provincial government's needs, therefore these
research projects improved the local government's decision making process. As
with the national government, provinces also benefited from the inter-
institutional (with SHN and PNA) and inter-jurisdictional dialogue promoted
by the project.
6 A total of 54 workshops with more than 1600 participants were carried out during the life of the project.
7 http://http://sicom.ambiente.gov.ar/
8 http://gef-educacion.ambiente.gov.ar
12
Table 3. Summary of Direct Project Beneficiaries and Benefits
Target Group
Benefits from the project
Executing agencies Both the SHN and PNA had their capacity strengthened. These institutions
(SHN; PNA)
benefited from the project by receiving state of the art technology to reduce
pollution from oil spills and to improve the sustainable management of marine
biodiversity. These institutions also benefitted in that their ties were
strengthened and they now work together in order to model oil spills.
The SHN received software that allows them to model tidal waves used in the
simulation of oil spill trajectories. It also received 2 buoys that allow them to
collect data on water quality, and a multi-beam (sonar) used to conduct
oceanographic measurements.
The PNA had 14 of its officers trained internationally on oil spill emergency
response. These officers became trainers upon their return to Argentina. It also
received state of the art equipment that was used in the establishment of a
regional training center on oil spill response (in Ushuaia). It received
specialized software to model oil spill trajectories. A database on contingency
plans was also developed. The PNA also received new hardware and software
to track ships more accurately.
Municipalities and
The Puerto Deseado municipality benefited from a Clean Production
Non-target
Consultancy that developed a strategic plan to deal with the pollution from the
Provinces
fish factories located on the coast.
Buenos Aires province benefited from the project as it managed to increase the
coverage of the Environmental Sensitivity Atlas thanks to an agreement with
the Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina/WWF.
Conservation
National and provincial institutions responsible for protected areas benefited
Agents
from the preparation, training, and application of tools designed to measure the
effectiveness in the management of protected areas.
Research
Research institutions benefitted directly from the project with the development
Iinstitutions and
of the SICOM and the Competitive Subprojects (Matching Grants) component.
NGOs
They received partial funding for their research and were given access to a tool
used to disseminate information and enhance the knowledge of the PME.
Educators
School teachers benefited from the project as an agreement was reached with
the Ministry of Education to accredit them after taking the training courses on
Environmental Management.
Maritime shipping
This industry benefited from better navigational aids such as improved charts
industry
and maps. These instruments and the new vessel tracking system help improve
traffic safety.
Performance monitoring indicators
As mentioned in section 2.3, project performance indicators were modified during the MTR
but the PDO, GEO remained unchanged. In order to evaluate compliance with the PDO, the
outcome indicators in Table 4 below were monitored by project counterparts throughout the
project. Though this was a very complex operation that required the interaction of many
different actors9, and one that took place in a region of the country that is relatively isolated
(i.e., with little experience working with international organizations, with restrictions in
9 PNA, SHN, Federal government, local governments, UNDP, private individuals.
13
terms of the availability of high quality local consultants, and with strong restrictions in the
number of technology suppliers).
It is important to note that while the project ended with a substantial unused balance of
approximately USD $550,000, the majority of activities originally planned were completed
by the project. Only one of the more than 80 activities10 was not completed as planned.
Annex 2 provides a list of the output indicators by project component and their status of
implementation by the end of the project. The unused balance is in part a reflection of the
already-mentioned delays. In addition, the Bank's request to the government to convert the
project from SDRs to USD caused delays in execution. The combined effect of both requests
meant that an incidental catch study was not carried out as planned; a workshop was
cancelled; and a report on impacts as well as a national strategy was not completed.
10 See section 2.2
14
Table 4. Status of Outcome Indicators - End of Project
Outcome Indicator
Status at the end of the project
Reduced ship based pollution
Regarding the reduction of navigational risks, by June,
(oil/waste spilled or discharged per ton 2008, certified ENCs with new technology were developed
transported and percent of ballast water for the following 5 ports: Rio de la Plata; Mar del Plata;
treated in ports) by reducing
Ria de Bahia Blanca; Comodoro Rivadavia; Caleta Paula
navigational risks
Additionally, the SHN generated a hydrodynamic model
using Qmap software, which provides input for the OilMap
being operated by the PNA. By project end, the PNA was
capable of tracing contamination plumes; and the
Hydrographic Service was handling information on
environmental sensitivity areas for priority setting. OilMap
software has been upgraded.
Improving preparedness and response
By the end of the project, 14 officials of the Prefectura
to oil spills
Naval Argentina were trained at leading world centers.
A training program, including handbooks, was developed at
three different levels (operator 1, operator 2, and
instructor).
The equipment described in Annex 2 was purchased and is
in place and installed.
Training was completed for 130 people, including
participants from four different South American nations.
Four additional auxiliary ships were purchased, as well as
10 field laboratory kits for ballast analyses.
Five hundred handbooks (first ever in Spanish) were
printed and delivered for additional training.
Contingency Plans are now in a geo-referenced database.
The regional training center on oil spill prevention
established in Puerto Madryn is a leading regional
institution.
The PNA has internalized all the training, hardware, and
software received by dedicating some of its budget to keep
the training courses going, and currently has budget
assigned to improve the infrastructure of the training center
(a new center is expected to be built).
The oil spills of Caleta Cordova and the Rio de la Plata in
Uruguay, and the response by the stakeholders involved
(see text box below) are a clear indication that this outcome
indicator was achieved satisfactorily.
15
Table 4. Status of Outcome Indicators - End of Project
Outcome Indicator
Status at the end of the project
Better monitoring of pollution from
There was no baseline information on oil/waste spilled per
ships
ton transported and ballast water is not treated in ports. In
some specific areas with protection status or special use,
ships are not allowed to enter the port without replacing the
ballast waters.
In order to monitor pollution from ships, the project
developed an electronic system (database) to collect data on
waste discharges at local ports. This database is being
continuously monitored and updated by the PNA. The
above information is complemented by a surveillance
system.
By the end of the project, effectiveness of surveillance was
estimated at 75%. This was achieved by implementing new
software as described in Annex 2.
Sensitive areas prioritized for
At the time of implementation, Fundación Patagonia
protection based on dissemination of
Natural was working on the prioritization of areas for
marine biology and oceanographic data protection under the UNDP/GEF project. Therefore, the
of global and local relevance.
current operation focused on establishing a methodology to
evaluate the management not only for those areas but also
for the whole system and coastal and marine protected
areas in Patagonia.
By the end of the project, four regional workshops had been
conducted on methodologies and tools for effective
management of coastal and marine protected areas.
A toolkit was developed and institutionalized procedures
for effective management of MPA in accordance with
standard international practices. This work complemented
the UNDP/GEF project managed by Fundación Patagonia
Natural and Fundación Vida Silvestre which aims at
establishing natural areas under effective management
schemes.
Improved capacity in national and
Software described in Annex 2 was purchased and
provincial governments to assess the
installed.
effects of economic activity on the
marine environment and ability to
Hydrographic Service generated a hydrodynamic model
incorporate lessons from pilot projects
with WQmap software, which will provide input for the
in marine protection policies
OilMap being operated by the Coast Guard.
The Coast Guard is now capable of tracing contamination
plumes.
Hydrographic Service is handling information on
environmental sensitivity areas for priority setting.
OilMap software has been upgraded and is operational.
16
The project allowed the GOA to break a situation of static inertia, generating a virtuous circle
of inter-institutional actions. The project has also achieved collective awareness about the
importance of preventing marine pollution and preserving biodiversity, as well as enhancing
inter-institutional cooperation, as shown in box 1:
Box 1. Oil Spill and Government Response at Caleta Cordova
On December 27, 2007, an oil spill occurred at Caleta Cordova. After the oil was
spotted reaching the coast, an "Emergency Commission" was formed. This
Commission was chaired by the mayor (Intendente) of Comodoro Rivadavia. Its
members included representatives of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable
Development of the province of Chubut, the Secretariat of Hidrocarbons of the
Province of Chubut, the PNA, and private oil companies (YPF, CAPSA, Tecpetrol,
Pan-American Energy, Termap, OXY and Sipetrol). The personnel that were trained
at the Puerto Madryn "Patagonian Training Center" funded by the project also
participated in the clean up.
The SHN and PNA used the software purchased under the project to identify the point
of origin of the oil spill in the sea. Additionally, the GIS database funded under the
project with the oil spill action plans and location of equipment was also used to help
with clean up and containment. Given that the oil spill affected several birds and
mammals, a rehabilitation center including specialists and volunteers from NGOs was
established at Caleta Cordova. The response to this accident suggests that the project
met at least 3 of the outcome indicators described in the table above.
Additional impacts. An important impact of the project is the strengthening of local
governments, PNA and SHN. This strengthening should not be measured only based on
training and equipment provided, but also on the synergies that were developed among the
above-mentioned institutions. The synergies can be better understood using the case of
Caleta Cordova (See Box 1), where all institutions joined forces to deal with a crisis. This
level of cooperation might have been achieved without the project, but it would have taken
longer and might have occurred in a less effective manner. The project brought about a
harmonized development of all actors.
An additional impact of the project was the involvement of different NGOs and academia in
the project area of influence. Whether this involvement was achieved directly through the
competitive projects or indirectly through analysis of emergency plans prepared by PNA, a
process has started in which both public and private actors are sharing the responsibility to
care for the environment. Both sides now have a much better understanding of the needs and
objectives of the other.
A third important impact of the project is the development of institutional links, not only
between the key actors (PNA, SHN, and provincial governments), but also with the scientific
community and the information that the project has generated. There is also a great
appreciation and interest among from the scientific community regarding the possibility of
having all information in one central place that the beneficiaries can access online (i.e., the
SICOM). Availability of information improves quality and makes decision-making more
transparent.
17
Regarding the component on Protection of Biodiversity, the Sensitivity Atlas establishes an
important baseline for the different areas of investigation that have started to be developed on
the Patagonian coast and sea platform. This product was also important because it is linked to
other projects carried out by NGOs, and it allowed the local governments to establish clear
objectives regarding Natural Protected Areas and to set bases to manage these areas more
effectively. In particular, the extension of this Atlas towards the coast of Buenos Aires
province (not originally envisaged) was an unintended but very positive impact which
ensured the coverage of the entire maritime Argentina coast with this product.
Finally, more than 240 teachers were trained and given manuals on environmental education
by the dissemination of booklets, brochures and books prepared by the project.
3.3 Efficiency
The economic loss associated with a deterioration of the marine environment in Patagonia is
difficult to ascertain because of the lack of data on the highly complex processes and
linkages involved. The only exception is the direct loss caused by overfishing: at the time of
project preparation, the sustained collapse of the hake catch was valued at US$1.67 billion on
a net present value basis (1997). Excessive extraction of marine resources causes reductions
in primary and secondary productivity of the oceans, which leads to alteration in the food
chain. Pollution impacts materialize over the long term with increased mortality or morbidity
and transport of toxic compounds across species. These impacts undermine the health
conditions of marine species on which the tourism and fisheries industries depend; however,
the specific economic losses are very difficult to predict.
The results of the GEF incremental cost analyses (see Annex 3) indicate that the "baseline"
activities represent the course of action chosen by Argentina without explicit consideration of
global benefits. By complementing these baseline activities with incremental resources for
prevention of maritime pollution and enhanced capacity for protection of marine biodiversity,
additional global benefits would materialize.
3.4 Justification of Overall Outcome Rating
Rating: Satisfactory
The project was rated unsatisfactory during its first two years of execution because of delays
in its startup. These delays were caused by a series of factors discussed in section 2.2. After
the MTR, the pace of execution increased substantially and activities were carried out
satisfactorily. Given the government's commitment to turn outputs into outcomes, the
project was rated satisfactory over its final two years of implementation. Given that the
project is still relevant (see section 3.1), that it met its GEOs (see section 3.2), and that the
participating institutions have adequately internalized the equipment, training, and
processes/methods designed to prevent pollution and improve the knowledge base, it is
considered that this was a satisfactory project.
18
3.5 Overarching Themes, Other Outcomes and Impacts
(a) Poverty Impacts, Gender Aspects, and Social Development
One of the outputs of the project was to prepare, in collaboration with the Ministry of
Education learning material (books and CD-Roms) and provide training on environmental
education. An important outcome of this activity was that teachers received credit for taking
this training thereby allowing for improvement of their pay-grade.
(b) Institutional Change/Strengthening
As discussed in section 3.2, both the SHN and PNA have taken full advantage of the training
and equipment received from the project. Both institutions have responded appropriately to
the Caleta Cordova and the Rio de la Plata incidents described in Box 1, suggesting that
strong cooperation ties have been built that will ensure the success of the project in the long
run. The Consultative Commissions are also a key space that was created by the project to
bring together policy makers from all sectors of society. This is one of the activities that is
actively being supported by SAyDS after the project concluded.
(c) Other Unintended Outcomes and Impacts
A very important unintended outcome of the project was that it leveraged important
resources from an NGO (Fundación Vida Silvestre) to extend the Environmental Sensitivity
Atlas (ESA) to cover the Province of Buenos Aires. By including this province, the ESA now
covers the entire marine coast of Argentina, and not only the coast of the four Patagonian
provinces. A second unintended outcome is the certification of teachers taking the courses on
Environmental Education prepared by the project in conjunction with the Ministry of
Education. This certification has a positive impact on the teachers and raises their level of
qualification.
3.6 Summary of Findings of Beneficiary Survey and/or Stakeholder Workshops
Annex 6 includes the minutes of the 12th meeting of the Consultative Commission. This
meeting took place on August 21, 2008. An additional meeting (Number 13) was carried out
in September, 2008.
19
4. ASSESSMENT OF RISK TO DEVELOPMENT OUTCOME (DO)
Rating: Low Risk
Three types of risk that could negatively affect the PDO were identified during project
preparation and are discussed below. These risks were mitigated, and as a result, the risk to
the DO is considered low.
Poor/Inefficient Project Administration. This risk was mitigated by selecting an institution
(UNDP) that was independent of the government to do the financial management of the
project. Though there were some issues that caused delays in the operation, these were solved
and achievement of the PDO was not compromised. Additionally, there was a clear division
of responsibilities established in the Operational Manual, all procurement decisions and
project clearances on behalf of the GOA were taken by the SAyDS, training on Bank
procurement guidelines and financial management was provided to the PEU before project
launch, and supervision missions were carried out periodically.
Inadequate Institutional Absorption of Project Outputs. During project preparation, the
team worried that projects with a high technological and informational content may be
insufficiently absorbed into the normal functioning of the institutions they are intended to
strengthen. In order to mitigate this risk, specialized training on oil spill contingency was
conducted at world-class centers in Spain and France. Additional training and equipment was
purchased to ensure that the technological improvements proposed for navigational aids for
the maritime shipping industry operating in Patagonia was also provided. The project
included a highly participatory design where beneficiaries provided input about the scope and
level of sophistication desired for each tool. Therefore, the detailed training programs and
specifications for equipment and systems supported under the project took into consideration
the beneficiaries' needs.
Counterpart Funds May not Materialize. In order to mitigate the risk of not having
counterpart funds for the project, the following measures were taken: (i) the implementation
agreements with PNA and SHN required a pari passu disbursement schedule with the
counterpart funds so that project funds were not drawn down when counterpart funds were
cut, and, (ii) an up-front deposit of each year's counterpart was required as part of the
Agreement with UNDP. Since deposits are made to a third party, subsequent budget cuts
during the year did not affect Project implementation.
5. ASSESSMENT OF BANK AND BORROWER PERFORMANCE
5.1 Bank
(a) Bank Performance in Ensuring Quality at Entry
Rating: Satisfactory
During the preparation phase, Bank staff worked closely with SAyDS to ensure proper
identification, preparation and implementation of the project. The Bank's team conducted
20
missions and field trips to the project area. Missions were well - staffed with specialists
covering the following disciplines: marine biodiversity and pollution, natural resources
economy, financial management, procurement and operations. Project preparation was
completed in time. During preparation, risks associated with the proposed were identified by
the Bank's team. Three types of risks required special attention during implementation: (i)
Poor/ inefficient project administration; (ii) Inadequate institutional absorption of project
outputs (training programs and specifications of equipment and systems were key to ensure
the absorption); (iii) Counterpart funds may not materialize (allocations made at the
beginning of the project were constrained due to the national economic crisis, causing delays
until the counterpart funds were made available).
(b) Quality of Supervision
Rating: Moderately Satisfactory
Bank staff worked closely with SAyDS to conduct periodic supervision missions during the
project. The Bank frequently visited the different provinces where the project was being
implemented to ensure execution was advancing adequately and to conduct on the ground
checks. At the same time, the PIU supervised and assisted project participants throughout
implementation. Ten supervision missions were held during project implementation.
Extensive aide memoires were prepared after each mission and ISRs were continuously
updated to ensure the most pressing issues were under control by the task team management.
This project had five task managers, each of them with different backgrounds and
experiences which brought benefits to the project.. Even though the technical qualifications
of the Bank's task managers helped the project to substantially achieve its DO, the large
number of task managers that worked on the project affected the pace of project
implementation.
The Bank team and the counterparts did recognize the challenges and difficulties inherent in
the project's performance indicators and made strong efforts to develop a more systematic
and structured approach during the MTR. However, there was not a strong link made
between the indicators which were being monitored by project counterparts and the
indicators used within the Bank's ISR record keeping. Though largely compatible with
agreed indicators, the indicators entered into the Bank's ISR record in June 2005 were not
entirely consistent in the wording agreed in the MTR. For this reason and the rotation of task
managers cited above, Bank performance in supervision is rated as Moderately Satisfactory.
During the last two years of project implementation, the project benefited from WB staff
working in the Buenos Aires country office and specifically assigned to the grant. This was
vital to ensure the follow-up of several activities and project needs during a period when the
project implemented quickly.
21
(c) Justification of Rating for Overall Bank Performance
Rating: Satisfactory
The project helped Argentina improve its capacity to prevent and respond to oil spills,
including the establishment of a training center in Puerto Madryn that sets standards at the
regional level. Given the high quality of technical preparation as well as the frequency of
well staffed supervision mission along with the continuous support from a Buenos Aires
based environmental staff, overall Bank performance is rated Satisfactory.
5.2 Borrower
(a) Government Performance (SAyDS)
Rating: Satisfactory
Secretaria de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nacion was the main counterpart
during project preparation and implementation. Throughout the project life-cycle, the SAyDS
showed commitment, availability of in-kind counterpart funds, and the capacity to take
decisions quickly. In particular, it was fully demonstrated that, by means of the National
Director, SAyDS was capable of leading the federal dialogue involving four participating
provinces in the Consultative Commission. This achievement was essential to support the
project implementation on a participatory basis, addressing the needs at the provincial level.
For this reason, Government performance is rated as Satisfactory.
(b) Implementing Agency or Agencies Performance (PIU, SHN and PNA)
Rating: Moderately Satisfactory
After a slow start in project execution, the PIU worked hard to complete the project activities
and ensure that objectives were met. This was a complex operation with many
subcomponents and many different actors (SHN, PNA, local governments). Each of these
institutions was in charge of executing a portion of the grant under PIU supervision. The PIU
did a good job at bringing them together through the Consultative Commission to establish
priorities and to supervise the adequate execution of the program. However, the project
presented several issues associated with financial management and procurement discussed
elsewhere in the ICR that caused delays to the project. For this reason, PIU performance is
rated as Moderately Satisfactory.
The PNA and SHN were very active counterparts of the project, participating in decision
meetings and ensuring that the equipment they received was appropriately internalized by the
institution. The activities under their responsibility were met, though an extension of the
project was needed for the reasons described before. For this reason, PNA and SHN
performance is rated as Satisfactory.
22
(c) Justification of Rating for Overall Borrower Performance
Rating: Satisfactory
As outlined above, Borrower performance was Satisfactory except for the administration.
Nonetheless, the project objectives were completed largely achieved and only one extension
of the project grant was needed. The example of Caleta Cordova (section 3.2) shows that the
project met its intended outcome.
23
6. KEY LESSONS LEARNED
General Comments on Implementation
Participatory and consultation process are vital in countries with federal administrations.
The "Consultative Commission" (composed of SAyDS, PNA, SHA, Rio Negro, Chubut,
Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego provinces) provided an institutional framework that was
both "organic and dynamic", and that helped achieve the objectives of the project. This
Commission is still active after project closing, and is expected to provide institutional
leverage that may give long term sustainability to the project. The creation of this
institutional space is important because political changes associated with periodic elections
tend to change the key actors in public institutions, particularly at the decision-making level.
The Consultative Commission is somewhat independent of these political changes. The
SAyDS has requested budget from the central government to maintain the Commission
during 2009.
Federal states involve complex relationships and governance issues in terms of sub-
national collaboration. Therefore, projects require greater supervision and coordination
for successful implementation. Federal countries such as Argentina add a dimension to
project management by including various levels of governments and institutions. If these
levels are not well coordinated, projects can quickly become uncoordinated or transparency
may be questioned if participation is not full. This process requires leadership and clearly
defined roles as well as rules that are accepted and managed by consensus among the
stakeholders. The Consultative Commission has been a good example to mitigate these risks.
Projects with external financing need to be better internalized within counterpart agencies.
The long term incorporation of the technologies and training provided by the project was
assured at the local level within the SHN and PNA. At the SAyDS level, an important lesson
for the future is that an important part of its PIU was paid by the project. This implied that
when the project closed, the project team was disbanded and only two of the members
remained at SAyDS, though it must be stressed that they are still working on topics related to
marine pollution and biodiversity. The capacity building that was done within the Secretariat
of Environment was limited. It is preferable that the government create the capacity within its
institutions by covering the costs of the PIU so that there can be continuity when the projects
conclude.
Complex projects with scientific components, covering vast geographic areas and dealing
with specific issues require detailed procurement planning in advance. The complexity
associated with procurement processes for goods and services differed significantly between
the provinces and the capital of the country. The distance between the provinces and the
capital is a significant factor that must be considered before procurement processes are
started. This project faced many problems because the more remote areas in the provinces
lack equipment providers, therefore equipment purchases had to be done in Buenos Aires.
This presented difficulties to the selection process and caused delays, many times for basic
reasons such as incomplete documentation. It is also worth noting that consultants needed
more time than originally expected to monitor and manage selection processes. This affected
the project's implementation speed. This problem was exacerbated by the lack of a consultant
database in the provinces. Identification of consultants/providers was very difficult.
24
In order to avoid unnecessary delays and to promote institutional strengthening, projects
should create financial and procurement capacities in their own agencies. As reported by
the PIU, the management of financial and procurement process were not very efficient. Some
institutional changes that occurred during project implementation caused delays that were not
expected from an institution that was brought into the program to ease its execution.
Monitoring and evaluation processes cannot be a "paper" process overlooked during the
project's design stage. They should be utilized primarily as a means to provide feedback
and understanding to project participants during the entire project cycle. Monitoring and
evaluation can be used for several purposes related to project development, management, and
oversight. Defining the M&E and how data will be gathered and used is important not only at
the design stage, but also during implementation.
Specific Comments on Components
Public-Private partnerships added value to project implementation. Even though
multidisciplinary work many times implies more difficulties due to the large amount of
collaborators, the establishment of clear rules and directives allowed this component to be
completed in a satisfactory manner and within the established time limits. In the particular
case of the Atlas of Ecological Sensitivity, more than 40 actors from the public scientific
sector participated in the project. The Atlas brought about an unexpected gain, as it leveraged
funds from the non-governmental sector to cover the coastal area of Buenos Aires Province.
This addition implies that the Atlas now covers the entire coastal area of the country, instead
of only the four Patagonian provinces.
Involving sector actors without a clear diagnostic from the very beginning could be an
obstacle to project success. One of the conclusions of this exercise was that there were some
problems because some laboratories were not able to carry out the inter-calibration exercises.
This was due mainly to lack of experience of the participants. The big differences in capacity
shown by the laboratories to execute an inter-calibration was not due to professional capacity,
but mainly to lack of funding. A possible activity for a next phase would be to increase
institutional capacity, guided by additional funding for leveling, recovery of capacity and
continuous improvement of all analytical processes within laboratories.
Cooperation between agencies has been successful after establishing a common ground
during project implementation (oil spill modeling). This was one of the most important
components in terms of success, and was very much in evidence during the oil spill that
occurred at Caleta Cordova.
Management models with sub-national participation are difficult to implement in the
short-term, of strengthening is not provided from the very beginning. The lack of these
management skill and capacities in provinces may not permit rapid disbursement and
advance in project activities. However, the active participation of provinces in the project
added legitimacy, transparency, as well as quality.
Scientific technical assistance in GEF funded projects continues to be a key contribution
for environmental management in Argentina. The project provided for many research
projects (matching grants) that were developed to address real knowledge needs. Beyond the
25
dissemination of these very useful projects, they represent a vital contribution to coastal and
marine management.
7. COMMENTS ON ISSUES RAISED BY BORROWER/IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES/PARTNERS
(a) Borrower/Implementing Agencies
From José Maria Musmeci, SubSecretary of Planning and Environmental Policy
The Bank's ICR contents have been reviewed and there are no comments to provide. Annex
10 includes a copy of the Letter No. 546/08 sent to the Bank on Tuesday 9 December, 2008.
Annex 7 includes a summary of the Borrower's ICR. The following achievements are
reported: PNA as well as participating provinces institutional strengthening. This
strengthening was based on equipment purchases and training financed by the project. In
addition, information provided by the Competitive Sub-projects on Technology Innovation
was an in important input to support environmental management decisions along the
Patagonian coast in Argentina. Tools such as the Environmental Sensitivity Atlas were
extremely useful for users demanding information regarding biodiversity in the Patagonian
Marine Ecosystem. In particular, on December 27, 2007, an oil spill occurred at Caleta
Cordova. After the oil was spotted reaching the coast, an "Emergency Commission" was
formed involving all the parties participating in this GEF project. The SHN and PNA used
the software purchased under the project to identify the point of origin of the oil spill in the
sea. Additionally, the GIS database funded under the project, together with the oil spill action
plans and location of equipment, was also used to help with clean - up and containment. As
lessons learned, the Recipient's ICR stresses the good interaction between the Project,
scientific community, PNA and SHN). Regarding administrative issues, the ICR highlights
the need to improve the overall system not only at PIU level but also in provinces.. Finally,
the Recipient's ICR highlights the importance to continue with activities started by this
operation under a second - phase project.
(b) Co-financiers
Not applicable.
(c) Other Partners and Stakeholders
Not applicable.
26
ANNEX 1. PROJECT COSTS AND FINANCING
(a) Project Cost by Component (in USD Million equivalent)
Actual/Latest
Appraisal Estimate
Percentage of
Components
Estimate (USD
(USD millions)
Appraisal
millions)
(1) MARITIME POLLUTION
3.38 3.8 112
PREVENTION
(2) MARINE BIODIVERSITY
12.16 12.0 98.6
PROTECTION
(3) CAPACITY BUILDING,
M&E AND PROJECT
2.71 3.0 110
MANAGEMENT
Total Baseline Cost
18.25 18.8 100
Physical Contingencies
0.14
Price Contingencies
0.37
Total Project Costs
18.76
Project Preparation Facility (PPF)
0.33
Front-end fee IBRD
Total Financing Required
(b) Financing
Appraisal Actual/Latest
Type of
Estimate
Estimate
Percentage of
Source of Funds
Cofinancing
(USD
(USD
Appraisal
millions)
millions)
Borrower
Cash/In kind 4.35
2.59*
59
Global Environment Facility (GEF)
Cash
8.35
7.80
93
Local Sources of Recipient Country
Cash/In kind 6.06
13,21**
.217
* It could not include co-financing originally assigned to marine surveys.
** It includes co-financing provided by 47 competitive sub-projects.
27
ANNEX 2. OUTPUTS BY COMPONENT
As a result of the MTR that took place in June 2005, the output indicators were modified,
though the activities and objectives remained the same. This annex describes each of the
project's components, their objectives, the original indicators and revised indicators, and the
status of each component at project closing. At the end of the chapter, a table with the project
budget and funds disbursed is included.
Component 1. Marine Pollution Prevention. The objective of Component 1 was to prevent
marine pollution by: (i) improving the preparedness and response to oil spills and preventing
ship-waste pollution, and by (ii) reducing navigational risks by introducing a marine
electronic infrastructure program. The expected outputs from Component 1.1 were the
creation of a database containing oil spill contingency plans, training of high ranking officials
for oil spill response in international facilities, and developing oil spill modeling capabilities.
The status of each component is described below.
Sub-component 1.1: Improve Preparedness and Response to Oil Spills and Prevent Ship-base
Pollution
Output from
Original Output
Revised Output indicator
Output at the end of Project
Sub-component
Indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(a) Improved
- Reduction of the -Acquire GIS tools for
- Computers, equipment and GIS
organization and
processing time
emergency plan management software was purchased and
analysis of
by PNA of private
installed;
contingency plans sector
-Geo-referencing and
using modern
contingency
analysis of contingency
- A geo-referenced database was
tools for data base plans.
plans
built and is continuously updated
organization
by PNA.
-Training on emergency and
contingency plan
- Processing time of contingency
management
plans has been reduced from 12
days (baseline) to 3 working
days.
28
Sub-component 1.1: Improve Preparedness and Response to Oil Spills and Prevent Ship-base
Pollution
Output from
Original Output
Revised Output indicator
Output at the end of Project
Sub-component
Indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(b) Extensive
- Number of
-Training of PNA officers on -14 officers from PNA were
training for
national personnel
oil spill response
trained in France (CEDRES) and
effective oil spill
trained abroad in
Spain (OSRL).
response
oil spill emergency -Purchase of equipment for
response.
Patagonia training center
- The Patagonian Training
Center on Oil Spill Prevention
was established in Puerto
Madryn, including
complementary equipment.
-A total of 109 PNA officers and
10 guest officers from abroad
have been trained at the
Patagonian Training Center .
- A database of people that
participated in training courses
was built
(c) Oil spill
- Demonstrated
-Procurement and training on - Hardware and software (GIS,
trajectory
accuracy of oil
tools to predict oil spills
OILMAP, prediction of floating
modeling
spill trajectory
objects, spill analysis) were
models in field
-Procurement of hardware
purchased and training carried
tests.
dedicated to oil spill
out. PNA built a "situation
modeling
room" to install equipment and
locate team;
-Establishment of a protocol
between PNA and SHN to
-Protocol linking SHN, PNA,
respond to spills
SAyDS ans SMN was
developed;
-Integration of oil spill
modeling tools to traffic
- Traffic control and oil spill
control system
modeling tools were integrated;
-The models were evaluated in
national and international
simulations, and they were also
tested in two real-life cases
(Caleta Cordova and Rio de la
Plata).
29
Sub-component 1.1: Improve Preparedness and Response to Oil Spills and Prevent Ship-base
Pollution
Output from
Original Output
Revised Output indicator
Output at the end of Project
Sub-component
Indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(d) Improved
- Percentage of
-Strengthening of MARPOL
- Currently, 100% of the boats
enforcement of
ships calling on
rule on waste discharges.
are inspected by PNA when they
MARPOL
Patagonian ports
reach a port;
regulations on
inspected by PNA -Electronic database of boat
ship waste
to control waste
registration forms.
- 100% of the solid waste and
discharges
discharges.
slop residuals are collected and
-Training on control of waste transferred to treatment plants
- Percentage of
discharges from boats at the
outside of the ports. There are no
boats convicted of port.
treatment plants in any of the
violation of
ports;
MARPOL of ships
that have been
-Every exchange is documented
prosecuted.
electronically and submitted to
SAyDS;
- Design of waste
reception facilities
- Regarding monitoring of
for ports in
MARPOL commitments, the
Patagonia done to
original target when the project
international
was designed was to increase
standards.
volumes of ship waste measured
and collected by 30%;
- By the end of the project, the
PNA was inspecting and
collecting waste residuals from
100% of the boats that reach a
Patagonian port. Since there are
no waste treatment plants located
inside any of the ports, the waste
is transferred to outside plants.
Every waste exchange is
documented electronically and
submitted to SAyDS.
The expected outputs from Component 1.2 were the establishment of a ship tracking system,
mapping of critical areas to reduce navigational risks, and acquisition of buoys to collect data
on water parameters. The status of each component is described below.
30
Sub-component 1.2: Reduce Navigational Risks by Introducing a Marine Electronic Infrastructure
Program.
Output from
Original Output
Revised Output Indicator
Output at the end of Project
Sub-component
Indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(a) Enhanced
- Number of ships -Acquisition of multi-beam
-Phonetic control every 4 hours
vessel tracking
caught in
sonar
with each ship still is used.
system
violation of
MARPOL.
- The use of OILMAP and
technology developed by PNA
- Number of tar
allows for satellite monitoring of
balls in coastal
the fleet.
surveys from
baseline levels;
- Number of oil
spills detected by
satellites and air
patrols.
(b) Hydrographic
- Three access
-Establishment of critical
-Survey of critical areas was
mapping of
channels to ports
areas for shipping
completed, paying attention to
critical zones and and maritime
transit corridors, access to ports
improvement of
passages mapped
-Increase in the number of
and channels.
the electronic
hydrographically.
ENC in high risk areas
charts system
-Two (Puerto Deseado/San
- Presence of
Sebastian, Beagle Canal) of the
accidentally
three areas were mapped. The
spilled chemicals
third area (San Antonio) could
mostly eliminated
not be mapped because the boat
in water quality
used broke down. Mapping
surveys.
capacity is now installed on the
Comodoro Rivadavia ship, and
- Quantity and
will continue when boat
quality of
becomes available.
navigation charts
improved
- Two ENC have been certified
according to
by IHO, and two more (Ushuaia,
international
Puerto Deseado) were in the
standards.
process of development by the
end of the project.
(c) Pilot ocean
- Performance of
- (After MTR, this indicator
- Buoys were in service and data
buoys as sources
buoys and their
was evaluated together with
was collected by SHN in 5
of real time data
usage by oil
component 2.1)
different areas. After a period of
on navigation
tankers
time, the buoys were
conditions
intentionally destroyed but have
repaired. SHN will set them
back to sea in February 2009.
31
Component 2. Marine Biodiversity Protection. The objective of the second component
was to improve the knowledge base about marine resources to inform decision makers about
marine protection and to build management capacity at the regional level by: (i) improving
the knowledge base on the Patagonia marine ecosystem and complete identification of
ecologically sensitive areas; (ii) developing marine protection tools; and (iii) promoting
capacity building and knowledge sharing on marine biodiversity protection. With respect to
sub-component 2.1, the key outputs are the development of the Environmental Sensitivity
Atlas, the establishment of the SICOM which allows provinces and interested parties to have
access to environmental information online, and the inter-calibration of laboratories to
improve the quality of the analysis. The outputs of each of these components are summarized
below:
Sub-component 2.1: Improve the Knowledge Base on the Patagonia Shelf and Complete
Identification of Ecologically Sensitive Areas
Output from
Original output
Revised output indicator
Output at the end of project
Sub-component
indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(i) Patagonia tidal
- Tidal wave
- Development of tidal
-Consultancy carried out to
wave model for
model and
wave/marine currents
develop numerical model;
simulating oil spill
selected areas
model.
trajectory
data loaded and
- Equipment and software for
ready for use by
-Generation of data using
hydrographic circulation model
(ii) Pilot ocean and SHN and PNA
buoys
acquired and associated training
coastal monitoring
completed;
by two
-End-users with
-Carrying out oceanographic
oceanographic
better access to
campaigns
- Equipment for ocean stations
buoys
useful and
acquired;
relevant
-Collection of information
(iii) Extensive
information
via remote sensing
- Equipment for satellite image
ocean monitoring
processing and associated
by ship using
- Capacity to
training complete;
conventional
conduct
methodologies
oceanographic
- Model is up and running at
measurements
SHN. Tested with 59
in ten areas in
simulations and two real-life
Patagonia
events in Caleta Cordova and
established
Rio de la Plata;
- Information from buoys and
campaigns is available at the
SHN. Ocean measures were
done in 5 areas.
32
Sub-component 2.1: Improve the Knowledge Base on the Patagonia Shelf and Complete
Identification of Ecologically Sensitive Areas
Output from
Original output
Revised output indicator
Output at the end of project
Sub-component
indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(i) Transboundary
- Analysis
- TBA completed and used in
Analysis (TBA) of
permitting
the development of Strategic
Patagonian
actors to make
Action Plan (SAP)
Ecosystems
informed
decisions
- Agreement
with neighbors
exists on actions
to be taken
during the next
15 years.
(ii) Develop
- Establishment
- Maritime atlas is available
maritime
of a system for
online and in DVD for from the
sensitivity atlas to
continuous
SAyDS.
improve
updating of the
knowledge base on Atlas
- Updates to the maritime atlas
the Patagonia shelf
coordinated with SHN.
and complete
identification of
ecologically
sensitive areas
(iii) Inter-
- Percentage of
-A total of 12 laboratories
calibration of key
institutions
participated during the first
laboratories of
reaching
phase, and 9 laboratories
marine institutions
international
participated in the second phase.
standards of
data
- Sustainability was not
requirements
established as part of a general
framework. Each laboratory
- Sustainability
develops its own strategy.
of the program
at the end of the
implementation
phase
33
With respect to sub-component 2.2, the expected outputs were originally the identification of
priority protected areas and a study on incidental fishing of birds, mammals and reptiles. The
study on incidental catch was not completed.
Sub-component 2.2: Develop Marine Protection Tools Based on Impact Evaluation
Output from Sub-
Original Output
Revised Output indicator
Output at the end of Project
component
Indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(a) Priority setting
- All key
-Identification of areas for
-The UNDP/GEF project carried
of areas for marine ecosystems
protection or conservation
out by Fundacion Patagonia
biodiversity and
included in the
Natural as part of the
preparation of
prioritized areas
-Training and strengthening
prioritization of protected areas.
legal and technical
for marine
of protected areas
aspects for piloting reserves.
-The project developed a
marine reserves.
methodology to evaluate effective
- Lessons from
management of protected areas.
pilot projects to
protect marine
- Training was provided and a
biodiversity from
guide was developed and
the Matching
published.
Grant Program.
-Analysis of legal
and management
aspects for
establishing
reserves in federal
and provincial
waters
(b) Evaluate the
- Extent and
- Evaluation of incidental
- Incidental catch study was not
incidental catch of
severity of
fishing and strategic action
carried out as planned.
birds and
incidental catches
plans
mammals and
of key
- A workshop was completed and
develop a strategy
populations
a report prepared on the impacts.
based on the
assessed and
severity of the
demonstrated
- A national strategy was not
impacts
techniques to
completed.
reduce impacts
34
The main outputs expected from sub-component 2.3 were the development of research
projects in topics related to marine biodiversity.
Sub-Component 2.3: Promote Capacity Building and Regional Knowledge Sharing on Marine
Biodiversity Protection
Output from Sub-
Original Output
Revised Output
Output at the end of
component
Indicator (from
Indicator (from MTR)
Project
PAD)
Promote capacity
- Five pilot
- 47 Competitive sub-
building and regional
conservation and
projects completed.
knowledge sharing on
pollution prevention
Financing for
marine biodiversity
tools of an innovative
beneficiaries provided.
protection
nature developed.
- Ex-post analysis of the
- Cooperative
projects done by the PIU.
research project
implemented and
results disseminated
Component 3. Capacity Building, M&E and Project Management. The objectives of the
third component were to address the need to strengthen the marine resources management
capacity of the provincial governments and help disseminate the information on Patagonia's
marine environment generated by the Project and that available from other sources and to
conduct project management as well as monitoring and evaluation.
Component 3: Capacity Building, M&E and Project Management
Output from
Original Output
Revised Output Indicator
Output at the end of Project
Component
Indicator (from
(from MTR)
PAD)
(a) Capacity
- Training for
-Training of key personnel.
- Focal points in the 4
Building, M&E
provincial
Patagonian provinces were
and Project
authorities
-Strengthening of provincial
trained.
Management
authorities.
- Environmental
- Software for SICOM
information
-Improvement of
developed and collection of
system for the
information for decision
information carried out (to be
Patagonia shelf
making.
done continuously).
area with nodes in
each Patagonia
- Execution of actions on
- Four studies on fisheries were
province
environmental education.
completed.
- Monitoring and
-Systematization of existing
Evaluation
information.
program measures
health of the LME -Procurement of computing
equipment for SICOM.
- Sustainable
policies adopted
by provincial
environmental
authorities
35
Disbursements. The table below shows the final budget by component and the amounts
disbursed.
Revised
Funds
Budget by
Funds not
Component
Disbursed by
end of
disbursed
end of Project
Project
1. Maritime Pollution Prevention
1.1. Improve preparedness and response to oil spills
1,218,780 1,178,814
39,966
and prevent ship-based pollution
1.2 Reduce navigational risks by introducing a marine
807,375 787,885
19,489
electronic infrastructure program
Total Component 1
2,026,155
1,966,699
59,455
2. Marine Biodiversity Protection
2.1. Improve knowledge base and identify ecologically
1,371,421 1,327,456
43,965
sensitive areas
2.2. Develop marine protection tools
191,637 143,597
48,040
2.3. Promote capacity building and knowledge sharing
2,459,106 2,325,506
133,599
on marine biodiversity protection
Total Component 2
4,022,163
3,796,559
225,604
3. Capacity Building, M&E and Project Management
3.1. Capacity building
1,328,554 1,217,428
111,476
3.2. Monitoring and Evaluation
748,243 600,262
147,981
3.3. Project Management
224,885 211,388
13,497
Total Component 3
2,301,682
2,029,078
272,954
PROJECT TOTAL
8,350,000
7,792,336
558,014
36
ANNEX 3. ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
This annex re- examines Incremental Cost Analysis prepared during project design. This
scenario was presented in the PAD, following the criteria to determine the value added of co-
financed GEF operations.
Incremental cost
The difference in cost between the Baseline Scenario and the proposed GEF alternative was
estimated at US$ 18.74 million. Of this amount, it was estimated that about US$ 4.33 million
would be contributions from the GOA, US$ 6.06 million would be contributions from the
beneficiaries of the matching grant programs. It was estimated that an Incremental Cost of
US$ 8.35 million would be incurred to achieve global environmental benefits through the
improved management of international waters. This amount would therefore be eligible for
GEF support
Baseline scenario during project preparation
At the project preparation stage it was assumed that the international waters of the Patagonia
marine ecosystems were subject to a number of pressures from human activities. In the
absence of GEF assistance, Argentina would continue to support the development of the
productive sectors of the economy with limited consideration for the environment.
Unsustainable practices were common in industries characterized by a "frontier mentality"
such as oil and mining.
For the purpose of this project, the baseline was originally calculated at US$ 18 million and
consisted of the following investments:
In the field of sustainable fisheries management the Secretariat for Agriculture,
Livestock, Fisheries and Food, SAGPyA would be implementing a Learning and
Invocation Loan (LIL) of US$ 8.5 million, including a US$ 5 million IBRD loan
that did not materialize.
Regarding Land Based Sources of Marine Pollution the main public investment is
the IDB financed Port Modernization Project. The environment component of this
project would purchase equipment and improve management in some of the
bigger ports in Argentina. The value of the environmental investments was
US$ 6.6 million.
A number of provincial programs valued at $2.9 million were under way during
project preparation to build the knowledge base of the marine ecosystems in
Argentina. This included the Institutional Development Fund Grant to a local
NGO and a Bank supported program on public involvement in municipal
environmental management. The IDB-funded Environment Institution
Strengthening Project also provided support for information management through
a national network of environmental information.
Monitoring and evaluation of project management was largely a project specific
activity, as a result there is no baseline available for this component.
37
GEF Alternative
With the GEF assistance for addressing the international waters objectives, the GOA was
able to undertake an ambitious program that generated both national and global benefits. The
GEF alternative comprised the baseline scenario, described above (fisheries management,
basic oil spill equipment and limited information sharing), enhanced by expanded marine
pollution prevention capacity and establishment of a marine electronic highway structure and
the implementation of pilot activities in fisheries management and marine conservation. The
total amount for the GEF alternative is calculated at US$ 36.76 million (US$ 18 million,
baseline scenario + US$ 18.76 million, GEF project including other co-financing
contributions).
The GEF alternative catalyzed additional development resources, beyond the baseline
scenario, totaling US$ 18.76 million including the GEF contribution of US$ 8.35 million and
an additional US$ 10.40 million, primarily for various aspects of the establishment of the
marine electronic highway, improvements in maritime safety and piloting various programs
to reduce marine pollution and improve marine resource management. These resources were
only available under the GEF scenario. Due to limitations in the administration of funds by
UNDP, the GEF alternative could not finance some pilot studies of how to reduce the
biodiversity impacts from the fishing sector, and set the stage for policy changes that would
include biodiversity considerations in the fishing sector.
The GEF alternative had a significant effect on reducing maritime traffic risks and the
associated damage that can affect the marine environment. The improvements under the GEF
alternative provided practical management experiences to the key government agencies
(SAyDS, PNA and SHN) responsible for managing cutting edge technology and international
collaboration. The GEF alternative cost US$ 11.03 million.
To improve sustainable management of resources in Patagonian waters and enhance the
knowledge base there were significant global benefits including the testing of a methodology
to evaluate the effective management of coastal and marine protected areas and the
enhancement of the global knowledge base of the resources and calibration of the Argentine
institutional laboratories with the international standards, on a continuous basis. There were
also some domestic benefits from the GEF alternative including the strengthening of
Patagonia - based institutions and the human capacity to manage the marine resources. As
was demonstrated in this report, the project also fostered a better climate for collaboration
between the key actors.
Finally the monitoring and evaluation activities and project management generated some
global benefits including the lessons from project implementation, a good baseline for future
work and design experiences for future projects.
Based in the accomplishments described above, the Incremental cost Analysis prepared
during project preparation stage was sound. The impediments to implement a fisheries
component as well as the changes made in the biodiversity component did not affect the
project contributions towards the development objective as well as its contribution to the
global environmental objective.
38
ANNEX 4. BANK LENDING AND IMPLEMENTATION SUPPORT/SUPERVISION PROCESSES
(a) Task Team members
Responsibility/
Names
Title
Unit
Specialty
Lending
Sector Manager, Environment and
Laura Tlaiye
LCSEN
Task Team Leader
Water Resources*
Marine Biodiversity and
Carl Lundin
Marine Biodiversity Specialist
-
Pollution Issues
Financial Management
Susana Cirigliano
Financial Management Specialist
-
Specialist
Andres Mac Gaul
Senior Procurement Specialist*
LCSPT
Procurement
Angela Armstrong
Senior Operations Officer*
LCSEN
Operations
Task team
Beatriz Iraheta
Language Program Assistant*
LCSEN
admin./operational
support
Former Task Team
Fernando Manibog
Consultant
IEGSE
Leader
Natural Resources
John Kellenberg
Sector Manager, Environment*
ECSSD
Economist
Luis Vila
Consultant
-
Maritime Pollution
Renan Poveda
Senior Environmental Specialist*
LCSEN
Task team
Rocio Sarmiento
Language Program Assistant
-
admin./operational
support
* Shows current title and unit.
Responsibility/
Names
Title
Unit
Specialty
Supervision/ICR
Project operations
assistance and,
Marcelo Acerbi
Environmental Specialist (ETC)
LCSEN
environmental
performance
Roberto Aiello
Senior Energy Specialist
LCSEG
Antonio Blasco
Financial Management Specialist
LCSFM
Financial aspects
Milen F. Dyoulgerov
Operations Officer SDNSO
Operations
assistance
Hernan M. Gonzalez Figueroa
Consultant
LCSEN
ICR consultant
Fisheries and marine
Lidvard Gronnevet
Consultant
ARD
resources management
Task team
Nelvia H. Diaz
Language Program Assistant
LCSEN
admin./operational
support
Task team
Ana B. Iraheta
Language Program Assistant
LCSEN
admin./operational
support
39
Task Team Leader,
coastal management,
Juan Lopez-Silva
Consultant
LCSUW
industrial pollution
abatement
Environmental impacts
Juan D. Quintero
Senior Environmental Engineer
EASRE
and safeguards
Monitoring and
Samuel Taffesse
Operations Officer
LCSAR
Evaluation
Environmental planning
Ellen J. Tynan
Senior Environmental Specialist
ENVGC
and operations
Task Team Leader ,
coastal management,
Yewande Awe
Senior Environmental Specialist
ENVGC
industrial pollution
abatement
Glenn S. Morgan
Lead Environmental Specialist
LCSEN
Task Team Leader
(b) Staff Time and Cost
Staff Time and Cost (Bank Budget Only)
Stage of Project Cycle
USD Thousands (including
No. of staff weeks
travel and consultant costs)
Lending
FY97
75.44
FY98
159.72
FY99
74.30
FY00
95.20
FY01
77.02
FY02
35.30
FY03
2.97
FY04
0.00
FY05
0.00
FY06
0.00
FY07
0.00
FY08
0.00
Total:
519.95
Supervision/ICR
FY97
0.00
FY98
0.00
FY99
0.00
FY00
0.00
FY01
0.00
FY02
14.49
FY03
48.71
FY04
62.24
FY05
63.47
FY06
63.31
FY07
52.89
FY08
87.26
Total:
392.37
40
ANNEX 5. BENEFICIARY SURVEY RESULTS
Not applicable.
41
ANNEX 6. STAKEHOLDER WORKSHOP REPORT AND RESULTS
42
43
44
45
ANNEX 7. SUMMARY OF BORROWER'S ICR AND/OR COMMENTS ON DRAFT ICR
El Proyecto "Prevención de la Contaminación Costera y Gestión de la Diversidad Biológica Marina"
se sustenta en una donación del GEF Bloque B Nº 28491 aprobada en diciembre de 1997 que tenía
por objeto la preparación del citado Proyecto.
La información aportada en los Talleres de preparación y recabada a través de diagnósticos
preliminares realizados por consultores nacionales e internacionales y los aportes realizados por la
Prefectura Naval Argentina, el Servicio de Hidrografía Naval y los consultores de la Unidad de
Preparación, constituyeron la base sobre la que se preparó el Manual Operativo (MOP) y su
correspondiente Plan Operativo Anual (POA).
El ámbito geográfico del Proyecto es la zona costera y la plataforma continental patagónica argentina,
abarcando la costa y aguas jurisdiccionales de las provincias de Chubut, Río Negro, Santa Cruz y
Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur y aguas bajo jurisdicción del Estado Argentino.
La donación provista por el Fondo para el Medio Ambiente Mundial (GEF), ha sido destinado a
lograr beneficios ambientales globales que ponen en marcha medidas de precaución para la
protección de las aguas internacionales, así como al apoyo prioritario para el mejoramiento de la
seguridad en la navegación en la región y un programa efectivo orientado a la prevención. Además, la
financiación del GEF es usada para catalizar inversiones iniciales del Gobierno y empresas privadas.
Los objetivos fundamentales de este Proyecto fueron: "Contribuir a la conservación de la diversidad
biológica y a la prevención y mitigación de la contaminación costera, con el fin de mejorar la
calidad de vida de los habitantes de la región".
Los desafíos principales del Proyecto eran: 1) Resolver el déficit de capacidad institucional en las
administraciones provinciales a fin de posibilitar la fijación de objetivos realistas y la determinación
de actividades que coadyuven a superar problemáticas concretas, que resulten fácticamente
evaluables y sean susceptibles de seguimiento técnico y contable. 2) Fortalecer a las instituciones
responsables del control de la contaminación, formando y capacitando personal relacionado con este
tipo de incidente y 3) Proveer del equipo y equipamiento necesario para tales tareas, ya que las
actividades antrópicas pueden originar impactos ambientales negativos tales como: la contaminación
proveniente de embarcaciones, del continente (turismo, efluentes, desechos, lixiviados, etc.) y de
actividades "off Shore", la sobrepesca y las prácticas pesqueras con métodos no selectivos, entre otras.
Se trabajó en tres componentes siendo estos 1) Prevención de la Contaminación 2) Componente de
Conservación de la Diversidad Biológica. 3) Implementación del Proyecto y Fortalecimiento
Institucional.
Las Instituciones participantes como beneficiarias fueron la Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo
Sustentable (SAYDS) y las Provincias Patagónicas, mientras los Coejecutores eran el Servicio de
Hidrografía Naval (SHN) y la Prefectura Naval Argentina (PNA).
Los logros del Proyecto pueden resumirse en haber logrado el Fortalecimiento Institucional tanto de
los actores que tienen responsabilidad en la Prevención de la Contaminación Marina como es el caso
de Prefectura Naval Argentina, como de las Provincias Patagónicas beneficiarias del Proyecto. Dicho
Fortalecimiento se ha basado en equipamiento y capacitación. Asimismo entre los desafíos que han
sido cumplidos acabadamente pueden mencionarse la información generada por los Subproyectos
Competitivos de Innovación Tecnológica e investigación aplicada, a través de los cuales se ha
generado la información necesaria para que los decisores puedan respaldar sus decisiones en cuanto al
cuidado ambiental.
46
Herramientas tales como el Atlas de Sensibilidad y el SICOM, son de gran utilidad para todo usuario
interesado en la información existente en cuanto a lo relacionado con la biodiversidad, y con el
ambiente marino patagónico.
Un hecho destacable es la puesta en acción de lo realizado por el proyecto ante un evento real como
fue el siniestro de derrame de hidrocarburos ocurrido en Caleta Cordova en el año 2007. No sólo se
puso en práctica lo aprendido en los cursos de capacitación realizados por este Programa sino que se
ubicó en terreno el sistema de control de derrames y el de simulación de este que permitió tener
información anticipada de lo que eventualmente ocurriría ante el incidente petrolero.
Finalmente pueden extraerse las Lecciones Aprendidas, en las que se destacan como principales: La
buena interacción generada entre las partes tanto ambientales (SAyDS, Provincias, PNA y SHN),
como la científica y las áreas de decisión. La necesidad de mejorar el sistema administrativo tanto de
la totalidad del Proyecto como el sistema administrativo de las Provincias en cuanto al Proyecto se
refiere. La necesidad de darle continuidad en el marco de la Etapa II de este Proyecto, a las
actividades generadas.
47
ANNEX 8. COMMENTS OF COFINANCIERS AND OTHER PARTNERS/STAKEHOLDERS
48
ANNEX 9. LIST OF COMPETITIVE SUB-PROJECTS
Subproyecto
Director
01
Accidentes del pasado, decisiones del futuro: monitoreo y educación para prevenir la
José María
introducción de especies invasivas a través de puertos patagónicos
Orensanz
02
Caracterización espacio-temporal de zonas frontales costeras en la Plataforma
Patricia Martos
Patagónica.
03
Desarrollo de reactores de biofilm para tratamiento continuo de aguas contaminadas
JoséLuis Esteves
con hidrocarburos provenientes de residuos de sentina de buques.
04
Diversidad y producción de comunidades bentónicas de importancia comercial en
Claudia Bremec
sistemas frontales de Argentina.
05
Estudio de la circulación de las aguas del Golfo San Matías mediante la aplicación de Walter César
modelos numéricos hidrodinámicos forzados con marea y viento.
Dragani
06
Geografía bio-acústica de la región marina de Patagonia: nuestros recursos marinos
Adrián Madirolas
en tres dimensiones.
07
Uso turístico y conservación de las aves marinas del Canal Beagle, Tierra del Fuego.
Adrian Schiavini
08
Marismas Patagónicas: caracterización y evaluación de su integridad ambiental
Alejandro Bortolus
dirigidas a mejorar la conservación de la biodiversidad costera austral y la educación
ambiental en la región.
09
Estudios de la dinámica poblacional con un enfoque regional para el manejo y
Pablo Borboroglu
conservación de gaviotas patagónicas.
10
Introducción de especies exóticas en Patagonia: La reciente invasión del cangrejo
Pedro Barón
verde europeo Carcinus maenas como modelo para el estudio del impacto ecológico y
la planificación de estrategias de control.
11
Bases biológicas para la conservación de crustáceos marinos con importancia
Gustavo Lovrich
comercial
12
Determinación del efecto de la calidad de la dieta en la producción gonadal del erizo
Jorge Calvo
comestible Loxechinus albus.
13
Factibilidad del cultivo y la explotación de la ostra puelche, Ostrea puelchana, en el
Florencia Cremonte
Golfo San José (provincia de Chubut) en función de la presencia-ausencia del
patógeno de declaración obligatoria Bonamia sp.
14
Sistematización y difusión de alternativas de manejo participativo de pesquerías: el
Inés Elías
caso del co-manejo de las pesquerías del Golfo San José (Zona 1, provincia de
Chubut).
15
Biodiversidad de comunidades meiofaunísticas en playas areno-limosas de las
Catalina Teresa
provincias de Río Negro y Chubut.
Pastor
16
Monitoreo planctónico y ambiental para el desarrollo sustentable del cultivo
Nemesio A. San
comercial de mejillón (Mytilus edulis chilensis) en la zona de Almanza, en el Canal
Román
Beagle (Tierra del Fuego).
17
Biodiversidad bacteriana marina de agua costera y potencial de depuración de la
Oscar Pucci
contaminación por hidrocarburos del área central del Golfo San Jorge
18
Las comunidades bentónicas costeras como indicadores de contaminación ambiental
Ricardo Bastida
en la Ría Deseado (Santa Cruz).
19
Monitoreo de contaminación por Tributilestaño (TBT) en puertos Patagónicos
Pablo E.
utilizando el fenómeno de IMPOSEX en moluscos como bioindicador.
Penchaszadeh
20
Estudio del comportamiento de ataque de gaviotas a ballenas: búsqueda de soluciones Marcelo Bertellotti
y desarrollo de una estrategia de comunicación.
21
Control de la contaminación marítima costera de Tierra del Fuego por efecto de la
Fernando Miguel
actividad industrial, urbana y petrolera off-shore
Galbán
22
Dinámica del asentamiento de poblaciones bentónicas en fondos duros del Golfo San
Julio H. Vinuesa
49
Jorge
23
Planificación Participativa de Políticas Públicas para la Gestión Sustentable de los
Mariano Jager
Recursos Marinos de la región del Canal Beagle y costa atlántica de Tierra del Fuego
utilizando valoración económica en una plataforma SIG.
24
Recuperación, aprovechamiento y transformación química de Quitina/Quitosán
Miriam Strumia
extraído de los restos de crustáceos de las costas patagónicas.
25
Moluscos Opistobranquios de Patagonia. Diversidad biológica, bioindicadores de
Claudia Muniain
contaminación y fuente de productos naturales
26
Conservación de aves migratorias transcontinentales y patagónicas: bases para el
Enrique Bucher
ordenamiento territorial y planificación del estuario del río Gallegos y río Chico
(Santa Cruz, Patagonia Austral).
27
Importancia de los ecosistemas de borde en el control de la biodiversidad y
Eduardo Marcelo
producción biológica de la región marina patagónica.
Acha
28
Condiciones de base en la superficie del Mar Patagónico.
Alejandro Bianchi
29
Producción Primaria del Frente de Talud y Plataforma Patagónica Sur: primera
Vivian Lutz
estimación conjunta a partir de datos de campo y satelitales
30
Las comunidades planctónicas de la plataforma patagónica austral: biodiversidad,
Marina Elena
relaciones tróficas y variabilidad ambiental.
Sabatini
31
Elaboración de un Atlas hidrográfico digital de la Plataforma Continental Patagónica
Raul Guerrero
(PCP, 40-56ºS): Climatología de parámetros oceanográficos y análisis objetivo de las
masas de aguas
32
Ecología trofica de aves marinas: implicancias para su conservación y la planificación Pablo Yorio
de áreas marinas protegidas.
33
Dinámica de especies de microalgas nocivas en aguas costeras de Chubut.
José Carreto
Identificación y cuantificación de toxinas utilizando métodos modernos de detección.
34
Bases para el monitoreo y herramientas de gestión para el manejo de las poblaciones
Enrique Crespo
de mamíferos marinos afectadas por las actividades turísticas y recreativas en el
litoral Patagónico.
35
Evaluación de áreas costeras de la provincia del Chubut para su uso en acuicultura
Héctor Zaixo
36
Potencial de Bioremediación Intrínseca de Hidrocarburos Aromáticos Policíclicos en
Hebe Mónica
Sedimentos Marinos de la Costa Patagónica
Dionisi
37
Relevamiento de especies infaunales en los Golfos Nordpatagónicos (Río Negro
Enrique Morsan
Chubut) y evaluación de su explotación bajo pautas experimentales.
38
Evaluación de riesgo por especies acuáticas invasoras: monitoreo del agua de lastre
Demetrio
en puertos patagónicos de ultramar
Boltovskoy
39
Indicadores de contaminación por TBTs (disruptores endocrinos) y por la explotación Norma Sbarbati
petrolera en costas patagónicas. Efectos sobre organismos marinos de la zona y
Nudelman
estudios de estrategias alternativas de desarrollo sustentable.
40
Características ambientales de los golfos San Matías y San José mediante datos de
Andrés L.Rivas
campañas oceanográficas e imágenes satelitales: identificación de áreas claves en el
desarrollo de procesos biológicos
41
Estudios ambientales en ecosistemas costeros perturbados (Bahías de Ushuaia).
Oscar Amin
42
Estudio de la contaminación del Río Chubut y su influencia en la costa Chubutense:
Walter Helbling
Impacto en la biodiversidad del bacterioplancton y fitoplancton
43
Contaminación marina patagónica
Federico Isla
44
Biodiversidad y dinámica estacional del fitoplancton en la Patagonia: el área del talud Martha Ferrario
50
y la plataforma adyacente.
45
La comunidad microbiana marina y la materia orgánica del Ecosistema Patagónico
Viviana Alder
Austral en la columna de agua y en los sedimentos de fondo: su utilidad como
indicadores ambientales para el monitoreo de la calidad y productividad de las aguas.
46
Estudio de base para una gestión integrada de la bahía de San Julián.
Héctor Zaixo
47
Biodiversidad algal de las costas patagónicas argentinas: estudio integral químico -
María Luján Flores
biofarmacológico destinado a revalorizar los recursos a través de un potencial
aprovechamiento industrial.
48 Zonificación
del
Ecosistema Marino Patagónico a partir del uso complementario del
Claudio Campagna
hábitat por parte de dos depredadores tope.
49
Fortalecimiento del Programa de Monitoreo de Floraciones Algales Nocivas (FANs),
Norma Santinelli
Calidad de Agua y Biotoxinas en aguas costeras de la provincia de Chubut
51
ANNEX 10. LETTER FROM THE IMPLEMENTING AGENCY REGARDING THE ICR
ANNEX 11. LIST OF SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS
Gracia, A. 2008. Consultoría para la evaluación técnica del fortalecimiento institucional e impactos
del proyecto, actualización. INFORME FINAL. Secretaria de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable
SAyDS, FVSA y FPN. 2007. Documento Técnico - Metodología para la Evaluación de la Efectividad
del Manejo de las Áreas Protegidas Marino Costeras de la Argentina.
SAyDS. 2008. Informe final del Proyecto "Prevención de la Contaminación Costera y Gestión de la
Diversidad Biológica Marina". Versión Preliminar.
SAyDS. 2008. Diagnóstico Ambiental Transfronterizo Proyecto "Prevención de la Contaminación
Costera y Gestión de la Diversidad Biológica Marina". Versión Preliminar
SAyDS. 2008. Plan de Acción Estratégica Proyecto "Prevención de la Contaminación Costera y
Gestión de la Diversidad Biológica Marina". Versión Preliminar
SAyDS. 2007. Atlas de Sensibilidad Ambiental de las Costas. Proyecto "Prevención de la
Contaminación Costera y Gestión de la Diversidad Biológica Marina". Versión Preliminar
SAyDS. 2007. Plenario de Avance de Subproyectos Competitivos de Innovación Tecnológica e
Investigación Aplicada. Proyecto "Prevención de la Contaminación Costera y Gestión de la
Diversidad Biológica Marina"
SAyDS. 2005-2006. House Organ "Prevención de la Contaminación Costera y Gestión de la
Diversidad Biológica Marina". Versión Preliminar
The World Bank. , 2001. LCSES QAT (Memorandum (dated February 8, 2001)
The World Bank. 1995. Argentina Country Assistance Strategy, Report No. 14278-AR.
The World Bank. 2001. Project Appraisal Document. Coastal Contamination Prevention and
Sustainable Fisheries Management
The World Bank. 2001-2008. Implementation and Status Reports.SRs
The World Bank. 2001-2008. Supervision Missions Aide Memoires.
The World Bank. 2006. Argentina Country Assistance Strategy, Report No. 34015-AR
52
IBRD 30418
MENDOZA
65°
60°
55°
50°
MENDOZA
65°
60°
55°
50°
A T L A N T I C
Santa Rosa
B U E N O S
Santa Rosa
O C E A N
B U E N O S
200 m.
200 m.
L A
L A
A I R E S
PA M PA
A I R E S
SOUTHERN
PA M PA
Río
Río
Curacó
ARGENTINA
Bahia
Mar
Bahia
Mar
Blanca
del Plata
Blanca
del Plata
Colorado
COASTAL TOURISM
Neuquén
Neuquén
A T L A N T I C
NEUQUÉN
NEUQUÉN
Río
Río
Río Va. Negro
Colorado
Va.
AND BIODIVERSITY
Choele
Colorado
Regina
Choele
Regina
Choel
Choel
Gen'l.
Gen'l.
IN PATAGONIA
O C E A N
Conesa
Conesa
40°
R Í O
40°
R Í O
San
San
Antonio
Antonio
Oeste
40°
Oeste
40°
Valcheta
MAIN TOURISM AREAS
Valcheta
Viedma
Viedma
LAS
N E G R O
SOUTHERN RIGHT WHALE
N E G R O
SOUTHERN
GRUTAS
CALVING GROUNDS
Golfo
Golfo
ARGENTINA
San Matías
San Matías
SEA LION COLONIES
VALDES
POLLUTION OF THE
Gan
Telsen
PENGUIN COLONIES
Gan
Puerto
Telsen
Gan
Gan
Puerto
Madryn
Madryn
CORMORANTS AND WADERS
COASTAL WATERS
Golfo Nuevo
f
Golfo Nuevo
f
C H U B U T
Rawson
l
C H U B U T
Rawson
l
SEWAGE POLLUTION
Las Plumas
200 m. ISOBATH
Las Plumas
Río Chubut
e
e
PUNTA
SENSITIVE AREAS AFFECTED BY
Los
TOMBO
HARD BOTTOM AREAS
Los
Altares
h
Altares
h
OIL SPILLS
S
VERY HARD BOTTOM AREAS
S
HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION
45°
MAJOR FISHING PORTS
45°
OIL PLATFORMS
Río Chico
RIVERS
45°
Sarmiento
MAIN CRUDE OIL
45°
Sarmiento
CHARGE/DISCHARGE TERMINALS
Comodoro Rivadavia
a
SELECTED CITIES
Comodoro Rivadavia
a
Golfo
Golfo
Las
i
PROVINCE CAPITALS
Las
i
200 m. ISOBATH
San Jorge
San Jorge
Heras
Heras
n
n
Fitz Roy
HARD BOTTOM AREAS
Deseado
NATIONAL CAPITAL
Río
Fitz Roy
o
o
VERY HARD BOTTOM AREAS
PROVINCE BOUNDARIES
Puerto
g
200 m.
Puerto
g
200 m.
Deseado
INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES
Deseado
MAJOR FISHING PORTS
S A N T A
a
S A N T A
a
PAVED ROADS
t
t
C R U Z
70°
C R U Z
B O L I V I A
UNPAVED ROADS
a
a
BRAZIL
LOCAL ROADS
Río Chico
P
P
PARAGUAY
Puerto San Julian
Puerto San Julian
SELECTED CITIES
Río Chalía
Punta Quilla
PROVINCE CAPITALS
50°
50°
Punta Quilla
Río Santa
NATIONAL CAPITAL
Cruz
C H I L E
30°
50°
30°
Bahía
Bahía
PROVINCE BOUNDARIES
Río
Grande
A R G E N T I N A
Grande
Coig
INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES
URUGUAY
Río Gallegos
Río Gallegos
ACIFIC OCEAN
P
Buenos Aires
Punta Loyola
R. Gallegos
RÍO GALLEGOS
R. Chico
CABO VÍRGENES
Area of map
TIERRA
DEL FUEGO
40°
40°
San Sabastian
San Sabastian
This map was produced by the
TIERRA
Map Design Unit of The World Bank.
Río Grande
The boundaries, colors, denominations
Río Grande
and any other information shown on
CHILE
DEL FUEGO
200 m.
200 m.
CHILE
this map do not imply, on the part of
A T L A N T I C
The World Bank Group, any judgment
Ushuaia
O C E A N
Ushuaia
on the legal status of any territory, or
any endorsement or acceptance of
50°
such boundaries.
ISLAS MALVINAS
50°
50°
USHUAIA
50°
FALKLAND ISLANDS
200 m. 0
100
200
300
400
500 KILOMETERS
200 m. 0
100
200
300
400
500 KILOMETERS
A DISPUTE CONCERNING SOVEREIGNTY
OVER THE ISLANDS EXISTS BETWEEN
ARGENTINA WHICH CLAIMS THIS
SOVEREIGNTY AND THE U.K. WHICH
ADMINISTERS THE ISLANDS.
0
100
200
300 MILES
0
100
200
300 MILES
70°
65°
60°
70°
65°
60°
50°
45°
70°
60°
MAY 2001