PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION REVIEW (PIR) 1999
UNDP/GEF PIR Report '99
For all regular UNDP/GEF projects that have been under implementation for over 1 (one) year, as of June 30,
1999 (excluding enabling and pre-investment activities such as PPAs, PRIFs, and EAs).
1
Basic Project Data
1.1
Identifiers
Official Title:
Pollution Control and Other Measures to Protect
Biodiversity in Lake Tanganyika
UNDP Project Number:
RAF92G32
Bureau:
RBA
Country/Host:
TANZANIA
Focal Area:
BIODIVERSITY/INTERNATIONAL WATERS
Operational Program:
Waterbody
Date of entry in WP (MM/DD/YY):
12/1/91
ProDoc Signature date (MM/DD/YY):
February 1995
Duration (months):
60
1.2
Brief Project Description
Lake Tanganyika is one of the world's great lakes and it has an important role in the economies of Burundi,
Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo and Zambia. It possesses perhaps the highest biodiversity of any lake
on earth. The lake is very vulnerable to pollution because of its natural characteristics and there are presently
few efforts to conserve its biodiversity. The most immediate threats to the lake environment and biota are
pollution from excess loads of sediment and nutrients caused by erosion in the watershed, industrial and urban
pollution including boat discharges, and intensive fishing with inappropriate methods. These problems and
their effects are increasing, and others such as oil exploration and transportation on the lake cause concern.
Immediate attention is required to assess and control pollution and protect biodiversity. The 5-year project
aims to improve understanding of the ecosystem function and effects of stresses on the lake system; to take
action on all other measures necessary to maintain the health and biodiversity of the ecosystem; and to
coordinate the efforts of the four countries to control pollution and to prevent the loss of the exceptional diversity
of Lake Tanganyika. This will be done by establishing a regional framework for cooperation, including
endeavours to harmonize legislation; investigating pollution including sources, effects and control; and
investigating biodiversity and conservation measures leading to the setting up of protected areas as underwater
parks. Activities will closely involve government environmental ministries and agencies, and sectoral
departments; a major objective is to strengthen national capabilities and community participation. The project
will be supported by international and local staff and contractors. NGOs will be involved particularly through
community education and conservation, and the private sector through promotion of tourism and the control of
industrial pollution. Recommendations will be made regarding the establishment of a lake management body
to continue the work of the project beyond July 2000.
1

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1.3
Executing Agency
Type:
UN Agency
Name: United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS)
1.4
National Implementing Agencies
(note: lead coordination agencies only listed here- full list in attached sheet)
Burundi:
Institut National pour l'Environnement et Conservation de la Nature
D. R. Congo:
Ministrie de l'Environnement et Conservation de la Nature
Tanzania:
Vice President's Office, Division of Environment
Zambia:
Environmental Council of Zambia
1.5
Contacts
BurundiResident Representative: Madame Kathleen A Carvero-Kristofferson
Country Office Focal Point: Mr Louis.Nduwimana
National Project Coordinator: M. Jean Berchmans Manirakiza, Directeur General, L'INECN
DR Congo
Resident Representative: Monsieur Aliou M. Diallo
Country Office Focal Point: Mr Mathieu Ciowela
National Project Coordinator: Mr Pascal Mady Amule, Coordinateur National, Directeur- Ministere de
l'Environnement
TanzaniaResident Representative: Mrs Sally Fegan-Wyles
Country Office Focal Point: Mr Sylvester Sisila
National Project Coordinator: Mr Rawson Yonazi National Co-ordinator (Principle Environment
Officer DoE)
Zambia Resident Representative: Mr Quazi M.A. Malek
Country Office Focal Point: Mr Amos Muchanga
National Project Coordinator: National Co-ordinator (Director ECZ)
Project Coordination
Regional Project Coordinator:
Dr Andrew Menz
Scientific Liaison Officer
Dr Kelly West
1.6
Basic Financial Data
Funding Source
Institution Name
Acronym (if any)
Amount $
GEF funding:
$10,000,000.00
Co-financing:
UNDP (TRAC):
UN Agency:
Multilateral Donors
Others (Please specify
using the list of funding
sources provided in the
instruction sheet):
Total Funding for
$0.00
Co-financing:
Total Funding for project:
$10,000,000.00
Associated Project
Funding:
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2
Project Performance
2.1
Development Objective: Project Impact (progress towards achievement of development objective)
Please see instruction document for details on how to fill out this section.
Development Objective
Indicator(s)
Actual level achieved
Source of Verification
1998
1999
(incl. target value)
Rating
Rating1
The ultimate objective of the project
There are no indicators given
U
S
is to demonstrate an effective regional
in original prodoc.
approach to control pollution and to
prevent the loss of the exceptional
diversity of Lake Tanganyika's
international waters. For this
purpose, the development objective
which has to be met is the creation of
the capacity in the four participating
countries to manage the lake on a
regional basis as a sound and
sustainable environment.

1 Highly Satisfactory (HS), Satisfactory (S), Unsatisfactory (U) or Highly Unsatisfactory (HU). Please see instruction sheet for further explanations.

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2.2
Assumptions Related to the Achievement of the Development Objective:
Please list the major assumptions and state the probability that the assumption will not continue to hold in a parenthesis at the end: high (H),
substantial (S), modest (M), low (L).
NO
DETAIL
HIGH
MODEST
LOW
Ass 1
Govt support continues and commitment demonstrated
X
Ass 2
Security situation improves substantially in DRC and Burundi
X
Ass 3
Communities willing to participate communally
X
Ass 4
Donor interest maintained to support SAP management body
X
Ass 5
Lake Management Body in place before project ends
X
Ass 6
Appropriate staff maintained in place by implementing agencies
X
Ass 7
SAP actively supported by all stakeholders
X
Ass 8
Alternatives to damaging practices are found which are acceptable
X
Ass 9
Early acceptance and signing of Convention
X
If an assessment of the achievement of the development objective (and thus the impact of the project) is not possible, please briefly explain why:
2.3 Descriptive Assessment of Project Impact (achievement of development objective)
In the light of (a) the level of indicator achievement, (b) rating assigned and (c) assumptions listed in section 2.1 and 2.2, please provide a brief
narrative assessment of the progress made towards the achievement of the development objective (e.g. project impact).
Please indicate also how the project activities contributed to the respective GEF operational programme (for example, conservation and
sustainable use of mountain ecosystems, promoting the adoption of renewable energy, etc.).
If there has been a change in ratings since 1998 please briefly discuss the reasons.

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2.4 Immediate Objectives: Implementation Progress
Please see instruction document for details on how to fill out this section.
Immediate Objective
Indicator(s)
Actual level achieved
Change during
Source of
1998
1999
(incl. target value)
FY 99
Verification
Rating Rating
1.
Establish a regional
1.1 When a Management
1.1
Through a
Thanks to clear
SAP/TDA
S
S
long-term management
Plan (the Lake Tanganyika
process of broad
formalization of
workshop
program for pollution
Strategic Action Programme)
stakeholder
intended process,
reports; Minutes
control, conservation
is accepted by all riparian
consultation an agreed
and broad
of 2nd, 3rd and
and maintenance of
states, is supported by
framework for a SAP
stakeholder
4th Regional
involvement,
Steering
biodiversity in Lake
appropriate legislation and a
has been established.
much more rapid
Committee
Tanganyika.
Regional Management
progress than
Meetings
Committee and supporting
1.2 A preliminary
hitherto
technical committees are
Transboundary
formally constituted and
Diagnostic Analysis
supported by legislation;
has been formulated
by Technical, Advisory
1.2 When nationally defined
and SAP planning
action programs contained
Committees and
within the management plan
endorsed by the
are funded and operational.
Regional Steering
Committee.
1.3 Currently all
committees are
essentially within and
maintained by the
project, country
commitment and/or
provision of funding
for permanent
structure has yet to be
obtained.

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1.4 As part of the
development of the
TDA and SAP
preliminary national
action programmes
have been developed.
None outside existing
project activities is
funded or operational.
2.
Formulation of a
2.1 When a draft regional
Contents of a legal
Legal
S
S
regional legal
agreement for the co-operative
Convention have been
workshop
framework for
management of the Lake ("the agreed upon and the
reports,
cooperative
Agreement") has been drafted
1stdraft due August 1999.
Minutes of
management of the
and approved by
Regional
lake environment.
representatives from each of
Steering
the countries.
Dependant on finalization
Committee
of Convention
meetings.
2.2 When the Agreement has
been formally signed by all, or
the majority, of the countries.
3.
Establish a programme
3.1 When national
3.1 Following false
Reports from
U
U
of environmental
environment education
starts and setbacks
Training and
education and training
programmes involving NGOs
with staffing,
EE
for Lake Tanganyika
and Government agencies are
coordinated
workshops
and its basin.
underway which address the
programmes are now
specific issues related to the
getting underway. EE
lake.
and training officers
are assigned in all
countries and joint
workplans have been
3.2 When the effects of such
developed.
programmes can be seen in

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terms of increased awareness
3.2 Some courses
at all levels, including policy
have been run but it is
level, and changes brought
too early to assess the
about in activities identified
results
as deleterious to the well-
being of the lake.
3.3 When a cadre of trained
environmental scientists and
technicians are available to
provide governmental
institutions and the Regional
Lake Basin Management
Committee with the
information and
recommendations required to
take rational management
decisions.

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4.
Establish tested
4.1 When an operational
4.1 Precursor to this
Project
S
S
mechanisms for
Lake Tanganyika Basin
is the project's
Progress
regional coordination
Management Committee, as
Regional Steering
Reports.
in conservation
the principal body for
Committee that has
Minutes of
management of the
regional co-ordination in
effectively directed the
Steering
Lake Tanganyika
policy management, exists
project. There is
Committee
basin.
that has demonstrated its
currently no agreed
Meetings.
ability to tackle the issues
structure to the final
effectively by engendering
body.
appropriate action through a
strategic planning process.
4.2 When regular meetings
of technical working groups
4.2 The technical
take place within an overall
working groups have
monitoring and management
been established under
structure with a clear mandate
technical special
and the necessary resources
studies. Future
to collect and analyse data
requirements re type,
from monitoring programs
structure and number
and formulate
not yet determined.
recommendations for
Will be part of SAP.
mitigation of threats to the
Expected by May
lake's biodiversity.
2000.
4.3 When a regional
information exchange
4.3 a) Project website
network exists to support
developed also
national activities.
distributed on CD.
Provides all
information on project
activities and reports.

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4.3 b) GIS developed,
soon to be placed in
region will provide
regionally accessible
repository of
information required
for lake management.

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5.
In order to produce a
5.1 Successful completion of
Special studies on
Special study
S
S
full Strategic Plan for
the various special studies
track to be fully
progress
long-term application,
with published results and
completed by May
reports
some specific studies
recommendations. These will
2000.
need to be undertaken.
identify trends in current and
These special studies
potential threats to the lake,
will also add to the
make recommendations for
understanding of the
mitigation and cost effective
lake as a whole and in
monitoring.
some cases provide the
baseline and
5.2 Successful integration of
Special studies leaders
framework for long-
monitoring and scientific
are scheduled to report
term research and
research programmes
in November 1999 as
monitoring
proposals into a strategic
contribution to the
programmes.
planning process supported
draft TDA and SAP
by the necessary institutional
documents
mechanisms.
6.
The implementation
6.1 When underwater
Indicators re
and sustainability of
conservation areas are
conservation areas no
the Lake Tanganyika
established in all four
longer valid. Others
Strategic Plan and
countries with operational
refer to
incorporated
management plans;
implementation of
environmental
Strategic action
management
6.2 When long term research
Programme, this will
proposals.
and monitoring programs are
not be achieved within
operational with funding for
the current project
the time horizon of the
period.
Strategic Plan and which
include the participation of all
.
stakeholder groups;
6.3 When operational

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management interventions
are funded that are fully
effective in identifying and
responding to environmental
threats to the lake and the
needs of the communities
affected.
Project as a whole:
S
2.5
Assumptions Related to the Achievement of Each Immediate Objective:
Please list the major assumptions for each Immediate Objective and state the probability that the assumption will not continue to hold in a
parenthesis at the end: high (H), substantial (S), modest (M), low (L).
Immediate
Assumptions
Objective
Number
1 & 6
Improved security situation in DRC and Burundi (M)
Govt support and commitment continues (M)
Community support maintained (M)
Donor support maintained (M)
Regional acceptance of legal convention (M)
2
Regional acceptance of legal convention (M-S)
3
Govt support and commitment continues (M)
Community support maintained (M)
Donor support maintained (M)
4
All governments agree and support (M)
Govt institutions implement effectively (M-S)
Donor support identified (M)
5
Work programmes and trained staff maintained by implementing institution (S)

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2.6
Descriptive Assessment of Implementation Progress and Achievement Ratings
In the light of (a) the level of indicator achievement, (b) ratings assigned and (c) assumptions listed in
sections 2.4 and 2.5, please provide a brief narrative assessment of project progress in implementation and
risks associated with the potential failure of assumptions. Please refer in detail to the progress achieved in the
last fiscal year (July '98 ­ June'99) and the problems encountered in this period.
Please include in your discussion any significant policy, institutional, scientific and technical issues that have
arisen during project implementation, including changes in project assumptions.
If there has been a change in ratings since 1998 please briefly discuss the reasons.
The project was prepared under Phase 1 of the GEF. The project goal and objectives were established and
agreed under the Phase 1 conditions. As a result the phrasing of objectives and identification of supporting
indicators is not as clear as would be expected under current GEF guidelines. This is particularly the case with
establishing value ratings.
Nevertheless in general terms the rate of project progress and achievement has increased markedly over the last
year in the following areas:
Development of the Strategic Action Programme with the formulation of the preliminary Transboundary
Diagnostic Analysis

Sediment, biodiversity, pollution and fishing practices special studies nearing completion

A sound training strategy has now been established and implementation is underway. Socio-economics
and environmental education are now considerably improved.
The mid-term evaluation exercise, that included a Tripartite review, raised a number of important issues
particularly with regard to original project design, the focus of the project and it's current dual identity
(Biodiversity and International waters) under current GEF programmes. The MTE suggestion that focus should
make a radical shift to integrated water resource management was considered inadvisable owing, inter alia, to
the particular nature of the Lake Tanganyika water body and the currently advanced stage of project
implementation. The issue of what happens next also arose and is, of course, crucial as it has always been
acknowledged that this project could only be first step in a long chain of interventions. While it was made clear
by UNOPS that some additional funds remained from the original total allocation and would be made available
to complete its work, it was noted that this would result in only a short extension to the current time frame of
the project. The review asked UNOPS and NRI to draw up a final workplan and budget to take the project to
the end of its current phase and make provision for a strategy to secure funds for a second project to build on the
current one.
Inadequate or unsuitable staffing in implementing institutions continues to be a significant constraint on efficient
project implementation esp vis-a-vis technical studies and capacity building. Appeals to institutions are
received with sympathy but little effective action owing to internal constraints.
Security in eastern DR Congo continues to be of great concern not only because of its obvious effect of
dramatically limiting progress in DRC, (and to a lesser extent in Burundi owing to its security problems) but
also because the project has received no official guide lines from UNDP concerning the operations it is able to
undertake there. Currently the decision of whether or not to operate in this war zone at any particular time rests
with project personnel alone; clearly a highly undesirable situation.
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2.7
Project Rating
For all projects rated "unsatisfactory" on either measure (impact or implementation progress), and for
projects where ratings have declined since 1998, please include here a description of actions being taken to
address implementation problems.
Coordinated programmes for environmental education and training are now underway. EE and training officers
are assigned in all countries and joint workplans developed. Several training courses have been run, including a
Training of Trainers course. It is expected that the programme will fulfil the major part of the implementation
plan
2.8
Lessons Learned/Good Practice
Please describe briefly the "lessons learned" and examples of good practice that have resulted from project
implementation to date.
The Mid-Term Evaluation made special mention of the 'lessons learned' to which a coordinated response was
made in April 1999. Reviewers of this document are invited to consult these two documents.
The establishment of the http://www.ltbp.org web-site for the collection of scientific and other data, project
activities and project internal reports is seen as an example of good practice. Not only are data stored but they
are freely available to the public generally and project staff in detail.
2.9
Land Degradation Issues
2.9.1 Does the project or components of the project address land degradation1 issues, even if it is not
classified as such ? (see definition in footnote).
__ü___ YES
_____ NO
If your answer is YES, please answer the following questions:

1 Land degradation issues include = soil erosion by wind and/or water; soil denudation (e.g. through over-
cultivation, mining and other industrial use); chemical pollution of soils (fertilizers, salinization); organic
pollution of soils; vegetation degradation of all strata including woody, herbaceous and micro-organism (in
terms of vegetation productivity, composition and density); habitat conversion/loss (condition, diversity); loss
of soil organic matter; aquifer degradation (lowering of water table, pollution); riparian degradation (river bed
erosion, sedimentation, chemical and waste pollution, aquatic weeds); coastal zone degradation (pollution, over-
use, erosion of coastal strip, sedimentation/pollution of in-shore reef and shellfish beds, mangrove destruction);
mountain zone soil stability; fuelwood crisis; uncontrolled bush/forest fires; overgrazing; land use changes;
sedentarization and urbanization; drought and desiccation.
4

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2.9.2 Activities/Outputs that Address Land Degradation Issues: Performance and Impact in Reducing
Land Degradation and Enhancing Sustainable Use
Activity/Output
Quantitative assessment of
Qualitative assessment of
results achieved
results achieved
Special study on sediment discharge into
Identification of key source areas
Identification of possible
Lake Tanganyika and its consequences
and key degrading activities.
priority management
Quantitative assessment of
interventions to counteract
changing rates of erosion from
degradation and downstream
selected catchments
impact
2.9.3 Activities/Outputs that Address Land Degradation Issues: Lessons Learnt and Impact on Focal
Areas and Other Conventions.
In light of the performance of land degradation activities, please provide a brief narrative assessment of :
a) lessons learnt, and risks associated with, land degradation Activities/Outputs;
b) positive or negative impact of land degradation activities on achieving the objectives of the Focal Area(s)
of the project;
c) the impact of other project activities on land degradation issues: do these activities directly or indirectly
aggravate or resolve land degradation;
d) linkages, if any, between the project's land degradation activities and the Host Country's objectives
concerning the Convention to Combat Desertification.
The project aims to quantify current and historical rates of sedimentation and the impacts of this on habitat and
other limnological features of the lake in order to assess its impact on biodiversity.
Project activities have no direct bearing on land degradation but will provide data on changing rates of
erosion/sedimentation (five countries) including assessment of the key factors of slope/vegetation/rainfall affecting
erosion rates.
2.9.4 Please specify the amounts and sources allocated to address land degradation issues. Please use
the same categories of activities/outputs as in question 2.5.1 above.
Activity/Output
GEF
Government In-
Government
Other Co-
Resources
kind
In-cash
financing (and
indicate source)
Special study on sediment
US$602,752
Support from various
None
discharge into Lake Tanganyika
government
and its consequences
departments in four
riparian countries
5

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3.
NGO Involvement
Please enter the following information into the table below for each NGO involved in the project:
Full Name:
Please list the full name of the NGO.
Acronym:
The official initials of the NGO's name.
Type:
IGO: international NGO; NGO: national NGO; CBO: community based organization or local NGO, NAI: national academic and training
institutes; and IAI: international academic and training institutes (which are not governmental or quasi-governmental institutions). Do NOT
include private sector profit-making entities.
Project Stage:
Please indicate where the NGO involvement took place, e.g. PDF A or PDF B or FULL project stage.
Role:
Role of the NGO: Please enter one of the following roles: (a) non-compensated policy or advisory role (e.g. service on advisory or steering
committee), (b) provider of project services (in project identification, design, implementation or monitoring and evaluation).
Activity:
Brief description of services provided by NGO.
$ Value:
$ value of contracted project services assigned to NGO (if applicable).
Full Name
Acrony
Type
Project
Role
Activity
$ Value of
(Do not give acronym only!)
m
Stage
contracted
services
Lake Tanganyika Fisheries
FAO/FI
IAI
Research Project
NNIDA
Organisation pour la Défense de
ODEB
NGO
l'Environnement au Burundi)
Mouvement des Ecologistes de
MEB
NGO
Bukavu
Nouvelles options de Pêche pour
NOPTA
NGO
le lac Tanganyika
Centre d'Etude et de promotion
CEPAC
NAI
pour les Actions de Dev.
Communautaire
SOCODEFI
??
Comite d'Action pour le
CADIC
??
Developpement Integral
lake Tanganyika Catchment
TACAR
NGO

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Reforestation and Education
E
Wildlife conservation society of
WCST
NGO
Tanzania
Diocese of Western Tanganyika
CARITA CBO
S
Zambian Ornithological Society
ZOS
NGO
The World Conservation Union
IUCN
IGO
World Wildlife Fund
WWF
IGO
Please indicate factors that have facilitated or contributed to NGO involvement:
As part of the development of the regional SAP a series of national preparatory meetings have been held with the full participation of national NGOs.
Please indicate factors that have constrained NGO involvement:
Much of project has strong technical/scientific bias for which NGOs are not usually appropriate. Project components that are likely to make more
use of NGO involvement will be the Environmental Education/Socio-economic components once mitigation actions are agreed upon as part of the
SAP process, and parts of the training strategy.

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4.
Leveraging Additional Resources and Actions
4.1
Financial Leveraging
Apart from the co-financing contributions reflected in the budget, how has the project mobilized additional
financial resources for either addressing global environmental concerns or financing baseline activities during
implementation? Please indicate the amounts and sources of leveraged resources.
UNICEF US$ 22,922
Several free or subsidized consultancies, particularly with the University of Brussels
4.2
Actions "Leveraged"
4.2.1
How has the project contributed to bring about changes in Implementing Agency, other donor, or
country strategies ­ or private business practices ­ to give stronger emphasis to global environmental issues?
This refers also to activities that are taking place "around the project" without being part of the project itself
but which are stimulated or initiated by the project.
UNICEF has funded a separate study of the Tanzanian Electricity Supply Company (TANESCO) and the
Water Supply Company, Kigoma. A description will be given of the possible significant polluters around
Kigoma that may effect surface water quality. Prevention measures will be described
Several joint research projects have been set up between the Universities of Brussels and Burundi
4.2.2
How has the project contributed to bringing about policy or legislation changes?
Legislation concerning a convention for the management and protection of the lake and the establishment of the
Lake Management body is in draft. This is a product of meetings of senior legal representatives of the riparian
states
4.2.3
Have there been any interactions/synergies with similar projects in the country/region during project
preparation and/or implementation?
Close liaison with the Lake Tanganyika Fisheries Research Project LTR has been maintained throughout the
project, particularly in the last year. Progress has been made with the establishment of joint lake management
priorities
5.
Financial Information
5.1
Financial Status (Please enter information if available in Country Office, otherwise this section
will be filled out in HQ)
Planned disbursements ($millions)
6.6
as of 6/30/99
Actual disbursements ($millions)
6.3
as of 6/30/99
Timing of disbursement (percentage of planned vs actual expenditures): 82%
Date/Period of First Disbursement:
December 1995 (Invoice No 1 to UNOPS) to cover period from 1
August 1995
5.2
Procurement Data
Please report the US$ value of UNDP/GEF Payments to Supplying Countries for Procurement for all
countries. Please enter Project expenditure from project start up until June 30, 1999 into the matrix against
the country supplying the personnel, sub-contract, equipment and training to the project.
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Supplying Country
Personnel
Sub-con
Equipment
Training
Total
tracts
Please calculate the following ratio:
Procurement from donor countries as a % of total project expenditure from project start up to June 30, 1999:
6.
Monitoring and Evaluation
6.1 Please describe briefly the Monitoring and Evaluation procedures and tools in place.
-Quarterly progress reports, No 13 available
-Progress review at National working group meetings
-Progress review at Regional Steering Committee Meetings Minutes of No 4 available
-Tripartite reviews, Minutes of No 2 available
-Mid-term evaluation/review - expected in November 1998, arrival April 1999.
6.2 Please indicate dates for Tripartite meetings held in the past and/or scheduled for the future.
First January 1998
Second May 1999
6.3 What steps have been taken to put in place a monitoring system that extends beyond the term of the project
to monitor impact?
None.
6.4
Reports:
Please list any mid-term or final evaluation report, annual programme/project report (APR), completion
report, etc. available for further reference and indicate date of final draft or publication date. Please also
list any ongoing or planned evaluation through June 2000.
-Project Performance Evaluation Report. October 1997
-Report of Tripartite Review Meeting, Lusaka, Zambia, 19-20 January 1998
-Minutes of Tripartite Review Meeting, 25-27 May 1999
Your Opinion:
Please make any comments you might have on the PIR questionnaire, the PIR process or other PIR related
matters. Your comments will help us to improve the PIR process for the next year.
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