GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE
IGR-2 Special Series
18 October 2006
ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES
Issue 2

BUSINESS IN THE WORLD OF WATER
Business in the World of Water: and by pointing beyond the problem to explore what
solutions might unfold and to what effect.
WBCSD Water Scenarios to 2025


Everyone understands the importance of water to life, but
The World Business Council for many are only just now beginning to understand how
S u s t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t essential it is to everything in life ­ food, energy,
(WBCSD) has been documenting transportation, nature, leisure, identity, culture, social
successful business experience in norms, and virtually all the products used on a daily basis.
water management, partnerships, With population growth and economic development driving
and provision of water services to accelerating demand for everything, the full value of water
the poor since it formed its first is becoming increasingly apparent to all.
water working group in 1997. In
2004, the group of WBCSD The H2O scenarios offer three stories about the role of
member companies that WBCSD business in relation to the growing issue of water in the
represents decided to reinforce world. These stories do not try to cover everything but
their collective effort to help attempt to bring to life a limited number of alternative
businesses understand why they should be thinking about future environments that will challenge our economic
water and what they can do about it.
viability, social legitimacy, and global fitness in the

marketplace.
It is recognized that the world of water is changing and
complex, and that our best hope for new insights and Taken from the WBCSD website, from which the report
strategies for action lies in pooling our individual may be downloaded at: www.wbcsd.ch
perspectives
and
experience.
Because
water
is
everybody's business, business needs the help of other
Messages from the Scenarios
actors in society to get to the issues that really matter.
· Business cannot survive in a society that thirsts

· You don't have to be in the water business to have a
WBCSD built scenarios because scenarios provide a
water crisis.
platform for coming to a more systemic and shared view of
· Business is part of the solution, and its potential is
the bigger and deeper picture. Furthermore, building and
driven by its engagement.
using scenarios can help forge shared commitment, as
· Growing water issues and complexity will drive up
well as shared understanding, by acknowledging
costs.
uncertainties, by respecting differences in perspectives,
GPA PARTNERSHIP REPORT BACK
Advancing the WSSD 2010 Target on government representatives and other stakeholders
participating at IGR-2. At Partnership Day, the "Advancing
Ecosystem Management and on the WSSD 2010 Target on Ecosystem Management and
Integrated Coastal and Ocean on Integrated Coastal And Ocean Management"
Management
partnership was presented.


This partnership, coordinated by the Global Forum, will
Day 2 of the IGR-2 was Partnership Day, which is mobilize a broad array of partners at global, regional and
intended to provide a forum where existing partnerships national levels to further advance the WSSD goals of
that implementing the GPA can meet, chart a course of
action or the coming five years, and interact with the
Continued on page 2
GPA Outreach supports the preparatory work for the Second Intergovernmental Review Meeting (IGR-2) of the

Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities (GPA)

This IGR-2 Series of GPA Outreach is produced by Stakeholder
Forum and the Global Forum on Oceans Coasts and Islands, in
collaboration with the UNEP/G G
PA P
C A
oo
r O
din u
ati t
or
n e
a
Offic
c h
e · IGR-2 Series
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GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE
IGR-2 Special Series
18 October 2006
ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES
Issue 2
Continued from page 1

ecosystem management and integrated coastal and
ocean management by 2010, including through the
preparation of a global report to be featured at the 4th
Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands, April
7-11, 2008, and at a high-level Oceans Summit in 2009.
The Partnership will assess tangible progress, problems,
needs for redirection, success of existing capacity building
efforts, and needs for further capacity development.

Created in 2001 and formalized at
the 2002 World Summit on
S u s t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t
(Johannesburg), the Global Forum
on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands
brings together ocean leaders from

governments, UN agencies, NGOs,
land-based activities, biodiversity protection and
private sector, donors, academia to
networks of marine protected areas.
On
the
advance the global oceans
ground, these efforts address similar issues and
agenda. The Global Forum
cover, to some extent, similar areas. An important
contributes to the accomplishment
challenge is to assist nations in making explicit
of the global oceans agenda by
linkages among these often separate efforts to
undertaking policy analyses of
achieve ecosystem management "from hilltops
i m p l e m e n t a t i o n
o f
g l o b a l
to oceans."
commitments on oceans, and on
emerging issues (e.g., high seas governance); organizes ·
Financial
targets
in
order
to
support
the
multi-stakeholder policy dialogues; promotes oceans at the
implementation of the WSSD 2010 target in
highest political levels; and promotes strategic capacity
ecosystem management and on integrated ocean
building and public engagement.
and coastal management are lacking.


Salient points from the session:
·
Advancing freshwater to ocean management in

small island developing States is particularly
·
National progress in implementing the WSSD/MDG
challenging because capacity building to meet many
goals on ecosystem management, and integrated
of
the
commitments
under
the
Barbados
coastal and ocean management is not being tracked
Programme of Action and the Mauritius Strategy is
systematically by any international entity. Such
inadequate. Improved coordination and resource
information is essential to assist nations in achieving
mobilization among the various agencies with
the
WSSD
targets
of
applying
ecosystem
responsibility for land, integrated watershed and
management by 2010 and in achieving integrated
coastal and ocean management are vital to effective
coastal and ocean management, which will be
environment and resource management.
considered by the Commission on Sustainable
Development in 2014-2015.

·
With the WSSD and MDG mandates, nations are
being asked to implement a variety of programs
related to the ocean, coastal, and freshwater
environments--integrated
coastal
and
ocean
management, ecosystem management, integrated
water resources assessment, GPA
and control of

GPA Outreach · IGR-2 Series
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GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE
IGR-2 Special Series
18 October 2006
ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES
Issue 2


STAKEHOLDERS AND THE IGR-2


Engaging Stakeholders in the
stakeholders from the Latin American and Caribbean
Region. Workshop participants identified problems,
Preparatory Process of the IGR-2
challenges, and constraints to protecting the marine

environment from land-based activities and developed
Throughout the preparatory process of the IGR-2, a series recommendations for furthering the implementation of the
of consultations have been organised by the UNEP/GPA GPA.
Coordination Office to gather feedback on various agenda
items of IGR-2. A number of partners and organisations Further consultation meetings were held at World Water
have offered their support to this process. To this end, Week in Stockholm and in Beijing. Participants in
Stakeholder Forum for a Sustainable Future has been Stockholm highlighted the need to strengthen the inclusion
partnering with the UNEP/GPA Coordination Office to and integration of cross cutting issues within the
conduct stakeholder consultations in preparation for the document. Emphasis was placed on the importance of
IGR-2. The purpose of these dialogues is to enable a marine resources for food security and human health, and
broad range of local, national, and regional stakeholders that marine resources need to be better valued and
(including those who are unable to attend the IGR-2 in understood.
The
need
to
establish
quantifiable
China) to share their positions and experiences on benchmarks for marine pollution was called for, as was the
protection of the marine environment in advance of the need for a universal set of indicators to assess marine
IGR-2.
pollution. Gender, and the diversity of people was

highlighted as a critical element missing from the draft
Beijing Declaration. The role of various Major Groups
In preparation for the IGR-2, an Informal Preparatory including local authorities and environmental NGOs in
Meeting was held on 27-28 June 2006 in Paris, France. furthering the implementation of the GPA was discussed,
Some 50 representatives from 23 countries attended the and the need to reinforce multi-stakeholder participation at
meeting to advance the preparation of the draft official the national level was noted.
documents for IGR-2 and to seek guidance on some of the
issues to be addressed during the Ministerial Segment of To support the preparatory work for the IGR-2,
IGR-2. During the middle of June, Stakeholder Forum Stakeholder Forum has developed a dedicated website to
convened consultations in London and New York with provide stakeholders with easy access to background
representatives
from
Major
Groups
and
other information
and
official
documents
stakeholders. Non-governmental organizations, trade (www.stakeholderforum.org/gpa.html). Stakeholder Forum
unions, women, and youth were among the Major Groups also publishes a monthly online newsletter in collaboration
represented. The purpose of the meetings was to develop with the UNEP/GPA Coordination Office, GPA Outreach,
stakeholder inputs to the IGR-2 Preparatory Meeting, to inform stakeholders of the latest developments in the
including specific amendments to the draft Beijing preparatory process for the IGR-2 and provide background
Declaration. Felix Dodds, Executive Director of the information on GPA related issues.
Stakeholder Forum, attended the Preparatory Meeting to
represent these stakeholder inputs. A summary of this From 19-30 June, Stakeholder Forum, in collaboration with
position
is
available
at
www.stakeholderforum.org/ the UNEP/GPA Coordination Office, also hosted on online
gpa.html
dialogue on the theme of Our Expanding Urban Coast: A

Threat to the Marine Environment and Human Health. The
Stakeholder
purpose of the online dialogue was to raise awareness of
Forum is also
the GPA and to collect stakeholder experiences, lessons
hosting regional
learned and best practices. Over 120 people from more
stakeholder
than 40 countries signed up to the online dialogue to
consultations on
explore the links between the marine environment, coastal
the
GPA
in
urbanization and Integrated Management Approaches,
collaboration
Physical Alteration and Destruction of Habitat, and
with the UNEP/
Nutrients.
GPA

Coordination
At the IGR-2, Stakeholder Forum is working to promote
Office. In March
the views of stakeholders collected during the preparatory
at the World Water Forum, it organised an event for process of the IGR-2.

GPA Outreach · IGR-2 Series
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GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE
IGR-2 Special Series
18 October 2006
ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES
Issue 2
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Eco-effectiveness: A Framework
of a sustainable society can now be described as a
By P.J. Puntenney
continuous learning process engaging people as new
Environmental & Human Systems Management
opportunities arise.

pjpunt@umich.edu

With an ever-growing list of critical global, regional,

Connecting what we learn to where we live is an essential national and local issues we are facing regarding oceans
component of furthering the implementation of the Global and land-based activities, we are struggling at all levels
Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine within society to understand that sustainability and the
Environment from Land-based activities. How do we protection of marine environments needs to be linked to
scientific information and a knowledge base of backyard
create means to sustain our well being, ensuring healthy biodiversity in every country, particularly in developing and
communities, economies, and ecosystems?

underdeveloped regions of the world. Worldwide, every
The current phase we have entered is characterized by an country is in a transition period where intellectual capital is
incomplete understanding of how we will cope with both a
strategic
resource
necessary
for
sustainable
the increasing complexity and interrelatedness of development.

sustainable development issues, where attempts to Linking Knowledge with Action
ameliorate one can alter or even exacerbate the impacts
of another. Building a future based on interests that go
beyond
short-term
success
and
self
interest
is The driving force for sustainability is education in all its
fundamental to sustainable systems. The interface forms. At the centre is the environment. In principle, the
between environment and education for sustainable environment, learning, and sustainable development are
so familiar that people are not always aware of their
development requires establishing a connection between
diverse cultures and diverse knowledge systems to strategic impact. This provides both a challenge and an
understand the implications of environmental, social, opportunity: A challenge to engage people at all levels in
economic and cultural decision making within the local sustainability within the framework of eco-effectiveness
context. Three areas of strategic importance to moving and an opportunity within the framework of a learning
society to strengthen the implementation process.
beyond eco-efficiency to eco-effectiveness are: learning
processes, environmental stewardship, and innovative
solutions based on principles of sustainability.
On the one hand, we are learning to be. On the other, we
are not particularly good at channelling practice and
innovative solutions. As a result, we need to understand
where we are especially in relationship to the biosphere.
Indicators are needed that are based upon principles of
sustainability that create informed political entities and an
informed civil society that can act on those principles to
improve our overall well being. In particular, strategic
indicators
focused
on
education
and
sustainable
development are necessary to help us monitor our
progress towards furthering the implementation of the
GPA and the protection of our marine environment. More
importantly, strategic indicators are vital to the further
development of our understanding on how to create a
learning
society
that
exists
along
side
learning
organizations.
Momentum to bring environment,
education and sustainable development together at the

international policy level from the WSSD, Agenda 21 and
We have reached a stage of conscious evolution in which other international commitments, brought about the
we recognize ourselves as co-creators of our collective proposed UN Decade of Education for Sustainable
future. As awareness and experience increase, people Development.
strengthen
their
capacity
to
make
sustainable
development part of their everyday life. The development
Continued on page 5
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GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE
IGR-2 Special Series
18 October 2006
ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES
Issue 2
Continued from page 4
exchange and sharing of knowledge, technology and experience;



With environment, education, and sustainability so 13. To call upon international and regional financial institutions and donor
strategically placed, the following are suggestions for the countries to continue to support the implementation of the Global
framing of the Beijing Declaration:
Programme of Action at the appropriate levels and to increase their

contribution to ensuring its long-term sustainability through
Page 2, Para 2
financial and technical support and by building the capacity of
Noting the continuing need for improved monitoring to identify developing countries, particularly small island developing States,
threats at regional, national and local levels, to assess the impact to develop and implement their national programmes of action,
and effectiveness of measures [that link knowledge with [ensuring a GPA fund earmarked to support civil society
action] to address such problems.
initiatives for the protection of the marine environment];


Page 2, after Para 3
15. To mainstream the Global Programme of Action into the
[Noting the emphasis within international sustainable major fields of global development activity [including education
development commitments on the role of education for for sustainable development] and promote it as a means to
sustainable
development
and
the
fact
that
its create the integrated processes, intellectual leadership and
implementation is highly dependent upon an exponential partnerships that are necessary to achieve global goals and
increase in access to knowledge, based on accurate strategies in linked watershed, coastal and ocean areas through
judgement and assessment of concrete actions and ecosystem-based approaches;
measures]


17. To welcome the "Guidance to the Implementation of the
11. To work through the UNEP regional seas programmes and Global Programme of Action for 2007­2011" produced by the
other regional and interregional bodies and processes to apply United Nations Environment Programme's Global Programme of
ecosystem approaches, including the large marine ecosystem Action Coordination Office, as a tool aimed at supporting
approach, to watershed, coast, ocean, and island management, implementation of the Global Programme of Action in a manner
and to develop and strengthen strategic partnerships and consistent with emerging issues in the international environment
improve
[strategic
implementation
of
environmental [, education] and sustainable development context;
education initiatives through] interregional action, cooperation,
IGR-2 SIDE EVENT
Advancing the Oceans, Coasts, Small Island · Thinking Ahead: What We Need to Do on
Developing States (SIDS), and Freshwater/
Freshwater and on Connecting Freshwater to
Oceans Agenda in the Next Decade: Key Issues
Oceans
and Opportunities

Prof.
Torkil
Jönch-Clausen,
Director,
Danish
Thursday, October 19, 2006, 13:15 to 14:45,
Hydrological Institute, Water and Environment, and
Room 10 Level 3
Senior Adviser, UNEP
The event will focus on key challenges and opportunities · Perspectives on Key Issues and Opportunities for
for the integrated implementation of the oceans, coasts,
Advancing
the
Oceans,
Coasts,
SIDS,
and
SIDS, and the freshwater/oceans agenda in the next
Freshwater/Oceans Agenda in the Next Decade
decade, 2006-2016, paying particular attention to the
Mr. Achim Steiner, Executive Director, UNEP
forthcoming review of the oceans agenda by the UN

Commission on Sustainable Development in 2014-2015.
Roundtable Discussion:

· Ambassador Enele Sopoaga, Permanent Mission of
INVITED SPEAKERS
Tuvalu to the United Nations, Vice-Chair, Alliance of
Chair: Ms. Lori Ridgeway, Director-General, International
Small Island States
Coordination and Policy Analysis, Fisheries and Oceans, · Dr. Vladimir Golitsyn, Director, UN Division for Ocean
Canada,
and
Co-Chair,
United
Nations
Informal
Affairs and the Law of the Sea
Consultative Process on Oceans and Law of the Sea
· Dr. Magnus Ngoile, EEZ Governance Team Leader,

GEF Project on Marine and Coastal Environment
Presentations:
Program, Tanzania
· A Strategy for Advancing the Oceans, Coasts, · Dr. Al Duda, Senior Adviser, International Waters,
SIDS, and Freshwater/Oceans Agenda, 2006 to 2016
Global Environment Facility

Dr. Biliana Cicin-Sain, Co-Chair and Head of · Mr. Felix Dodds, Executive Director, Stakeholder
Secretariat, Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts, and
Forum for a Sustainable Future
Islands


Sponsor: Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts and Islands
GPA Outreach · IGR-2 Series
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GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE
IGR-2 Special Series
18 October 2006
ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES
Issue 2
IGR-2 SIDE EVENT
Developing Stakeholder input to the Beijing
China) to share their positions and experiences on
Declaration
protection of the marine environment in advance of the

IGR-2.

Wednesday 18 October
Stakeholder Forum has been actively working with Major
11:00 - 13:00, Room 11

Groups and other stakeholders to ensure that a strong
Throughout the preparatory process of the IGR-2, a series stakeholder input is reflected in the Beijing Declaration on
of consultations have been organised by the UNEP/GPA furthering the implementation of the Global Programme of
Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from
Coordination Office to gather feedback on various agenda Land-based Activities.
items of IGR-2. A number of partners and organisations
have offered their support to this process.

This working meeting will bring together Major Groups,
To this end, Stakeholder Forum for a Sustainable Future is including NGOs, academics, and other stakeholders at the
partnering with the UNEP/GPA Coordination Office to IGR-2 to finalise this preparatory process. All are
conduct stakeholder consultations in preparation for the welcome.

IGR-2. The purpose of these dialogues is to enable a For more information, please visit
broad range of local, national, and regional stakeholders
(including those who are unable to attend the IGR-2 in www.stakeholderforum.org/gpa.html
About Stakeholder Forum
About Global Forum on Oceans,
for a Sustainable Future
Coasts and Islands
Stakeholder Forum for a Sustainable Future's
The Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts, and
mission is to inform, influence, promote, and
Islands, organized informally in 2001 and
advance the implementation of sustainable
formalized at the 2002 World Summit on
development. Stakeholder Forum fulfils this
Sustainable
Development
(WSSD)
in
mission by developing and facilitating multi-
Johannesburg, serves as a multi-stakeholder
stakeholder
processes
that
engage
stakeholders
in
the
development
and
forum for cross-sectoral discussion, policy
implementation of sustainable development policy. To
analyses, and mobilization of knowledge
support multi-stakeholder processes, Stakeholder Forum and other resources to achieve the full implementation of
also undertakes activities related to capacity building, international agreements related to oceans, coasts, and
training, and policy development.
Small Island Developing States (SIDS). The Global

Forum brings together leading ocean, coastal, and SIDS
Stakeholder Forum is delighted to continue our partnership experts from governments, intergovernmental and
with UNEP GPA as we build toward the IGR-2. international organizations (including all the relevant UN
Stakeholder Forum is working with UNEP GPA to agencies), nongovernmental organizations, private
undertake
outreach
and
conduct
dialogue
with
stakeholders to ensure that the IGR-2 will gain from the sector, and academic and scientific institutions.
experience and expertise of a broad range of
stakeholders.
For more information visit www.globaloceans.org


For more information visit www.stakeholderforum.org
CONTACTS
· For general GPA enquiries, including information about IGR-2 please email igr2@unep.nl or telephone +31 70 311 4460.
· For information on this newsletter, contact Jennifer Peer at jpeer@stakeholderforum.org or Miriam Balgos at mbalgos@UDel.Edu
· To submit an article to GPA Outreach, please contact Jennifer Peer at jpeer@stakeholderforum.org
GPA Outreach · IGR-2 Series
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