E 1 0 5 4
S e r b i a D a n u b e R i v e r E n t e r p r i s e P o l l u t i o n R e d u c t i o n P r o j e c t
( D R E P R )1
Public Disclosure Authorized
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) and
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)*
1. Country background
After political riot and armed conflict in the early 1990s within the former Socialistic Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) and independence declaration of its, until then constituent
republics, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia and Slovenia, remaining republics Serbia
and Montenegro declared their independence also and formed Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on
27 April 1992. Since March 2003 after the Constitutional Charter has been signed by
representatives of the European Union and the both republics, its official name of State Union
Public Disclosure Authorized
Serbia and Montenegro (S&M). State Union also includes two provinces Kosovo and Metohija and
Vojvodina. It occupies 102,173 square kilometers on the shore of the Adriatic Sea, and borders
with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Macedonia and Romania. Its
population is estimated to be around 10.4 million people (62 % Serbs, 16 % Albanians, 5 %
Montenegrin, 3 % Hungarian, and 14% other numerous nationalities). Almost two thirds of the total
population are Orthodox, nearly one fifth are Muslims, with small number of Roman Catholic and
very small number of Protestant.
As to the S&M environment, the fast collapse of the former state and very destructive warfare even
aggravated previous environmental problems air and water pollution, soil contamination and
waste accumulation and biodiversity degradation, which were among highest in Europe before the
war.
Public Disclosure Authorized
S&M is significant contributor of the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) pollution of the Danube
River, with annual discharges estimated within a range of 45.000 to 72.000 t N/year, and of 7.000 to
14.000 t P/year. The largest portion of this pollution load belongs to municipal waste waters
(around 45 %), and organic pollution dominating industrial waste waters mostly from agro
processing and large pig farms (around 40%). Also, there are inorganic dominating industrial waste
waters (around 15%), mostly originating from fertilizers production.
2. Project Summary
Serbia is among the largest nutrient polluters of the Danube River and enterprises, notably agro-
processing and large scale livestock breeding farms are major sources of pollution. The global
environment objective of the Reduction of Enterprise Nutrient Discharges Project would be to
reduce nutrient pollution from hotspot enterprises located in the Republic of Serbia. This would
also help the country of Serbia and Montenegro (S&M, the union of the Republic of Serbia and the
Public Disclosure Authorized
1
Under The World Bank GEF Investment Fund for Nutrient Reduction in the Black Sea/Danube Basin
and coordination of the Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection Directorate for Environmental Protection
Republic of Serbia
* Prepared by the Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection Directorate for Environmental Protection
Republic of Serbia and submitted to the World Bank on 11/24/2004.
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Republic of Montenegro) meet its international commitments under the Danube River Convention.
The development objective would be to reduce the negative public health, economic and amenity
impact associated with water and soil pollution from enterprise pollutant discharges. The proposed
project would consist of four components:
Component 1: Regulatory Reform and Capacity Building;
Component 2: Investment in Industrial Nutrient Reduction (incl. slaughterhouses, agro-
processors, and large-scale livestock farms);
Component 3: Awareness Raising and Replicability Strategy; and
Component 4: Project Management and Monitoring.
According to the World Bank's project categorization (OP 4.0 requirements) DREPR project
belong to the PDF-B category.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an instrument to identify and assess the potential
environmental impacts of a proposed project, evaluate alternatives, and design appropriate
mitigation, management, and monitoring measures.
FORESEEN ACTIVITIES
Component 1: Support to policy and regulatory reform.
This Component will not include any of the activities directly related to design, execution or
operation of civil construction work. As such, there will be no environmental impact.
Component 2: Investment in Nutrient Reduction and Monitoring.
This component will provide investment into approximately 8 livestock farms located in
municipalities of Novi Sad, Vrbas, Sabac and Pozarevac as well as into approximately 8
slaughterhouses located throughout Serbia. The component will also provide funds for upgrade of
the cattle and pig farm facilities and slaughterhouse of the Institute for Animal Husbandry in Zemun
Belgrade. This component will provide partial funding for up to 240 individual livestock farms
located in municipalities of Novi Sad, Vrbas, Sabac and Pozarevac as well as fund program of soil
and water quality monitoring around selected farms.
The construction works under this component will be individually tailored upon needs of each
particular farm/ slaughterhouse, upon completion of a comprehensive selection procedure.
The construction activities that may be undertaken under this component will be limited to some of
the listed items:
(A) For pig farms:
· Construction of slurry lagoons for pig farms
· Construction of circular above-ground waste store for pig farms
· Provision and installation of slurry pumps
· Provision and installation of slurry agitators for slurry lagoons and slurry store
(B) For cattle farms:
· Construction of farmyard manure store for solid waste for cattle farms
· Construction of a liquid waste storage tanks for cattle farms
(C) For slaughterhouses:
· Repair to existing drains, sediment and fat traps at slaughterhouses
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· Installation of treatment and screening facilities and separation equipment (screen size 6
mm)
· Installation of dissolved air flotation and separation tanks
· Provision and installation of treatment facilities for "red water" and blood treatment
· Installation of sludge storage tanks
(D) For demonstration farms and slaughterhouses:
· Installation of piezometers at nine selected sites for groundwater monitoring
IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION (PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PHASE)
(A) Pig farms
The standard construction works associated with the component include outdoor activities such as:
· removal of fertile top-soil,
· excavation for new lagoon or excavation for foundations for above-ground tank,
· lining of lagoon with concrete or erecting concrete foundations,
· construction of connecting facilities for pumps,
· construction of gutters,
· installation or placement of above-ground tanks,
· construction of housing facilities for pumps and slurry agitators etc.
The adverse effects that may occur during the construction phase are:
· dust from excavation processes,
· exhaust emission and noise & vibrations from construction equipment and vehicles,
· disturbance of surrounding vegetation,
· soil pollution caused oil and grease leakage and improper solid waste disposal.
The main potential adverse environmental impact is likely to manifest itself by increased dust and
noise emission. However, its negative impact will be felt only in close vicinity to location of future
structure, and is estimated to be of a low intensity and temporary.
The construction company or other entity/person responsible for execution of such works has the
responsibility to provide all necessary measures in order to mitigate the environmental impact
during the construction phase.
These activities should include, among others:
· fencing of the construction area, use of dust-absorbing screens to protect surrounding
vegetation,
· implementation of measures to reduce surface run-off and erosion in site,
· observance of the legal requirements related to workers health and safety,
· compliance with construction work regulations,
· setting up of a construction waste management system, and
· maintenance of vehicles and construction equipment in special places only.
Costs of these measures should be included in the project costs.
(B) Cattle farms
Nature of the construction activities is the same as for pig farms. Consequently, the impact and
mitigation measures that should be undertaken are the same as noted above.
(C) Slaughterhouses
The infrastructure works will typically include:
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· clearing of drains and traps by removal of sediment and sludge,
· excavation for foundations,
· placing a foundations and execution of general civil works to house the screening and
treatment facilities,
· installation of treatment facilities for "red water" and blood treatment
· separation tanks and sludge storage tanks.
The adverse effects that may occur during the construction phase are:
· dust from excavation processes,
· exhaust emission and noise & vibrations from construction equipment and vehicles,
· disturbance of surrounding vegetation,
· soil pollution caused by oil and grease leakage,
· soil and water pollution by improper handling of removed sediment and sludge, as well as,
· soil pollution by inadequate construction waste management and disposal.
The main potential adverse environmental impact is likely to manifest itself by increased dust and
noise emission. Significant negative effect may be felt upon soil and water quality in case of
inappropriate sludge and construction waste management, which could also have negative impact
on human health (on local population and construction workers alike). The negative impacts will in
most cases be felt only in close vicinity to construction works, and are estimated to be of a low
intensity and limited duration. However, impact related to sludge and sediment management could
be more serious, both in number of affected persons as well as in its significance and duration.
The construction company or other entity/person responsible for execution of such works has the
responsibility to provide all necessary measures in order to mitigate the environmental impact
during the construction phase. These activities should include, among others:
· fencing of the construction area,
· use of dust-absorbing screens to protect surrounding vegetation,
· implementation of measures to reduce surface run-off and erosion in site,
· observance of the legal requirements related to workers health and safety,
· compliance with construction work regulations,
· design and strict observance of the sludge handling and management procedures,
· strict enforcement of use of the personal protective equipment for persons handling the
sediment and sludge,
· setting up of a construction waste management system, and
· maintenance of vehicles and construction equipment in special places only.
Costs of above-noted measures should be included in the overall project costs.
(D) Demonstration farms and slaughterhouses
The construction of piezometers will involve only minimal excavation/ drilling that will not result
in any significant environmental impact. Noise and dust reduction measures should be considered in
case the location is close to residential areas.
Finally is worth mentioning that permanent loss of productive land for support structure placement
is not foreseen or recognized during execution of any activity during construction (implementation
phase) under the project component 2.
IMPACT DURING OPERATION
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The objective of the component is to fund works that will lead to increased prevalence of
environmentally friendly practices and sustainable production among eligible enterprises and
corresponding reduction in nutrient pollution of the Danube River.
(A) Pig farms + (B) Cattle farms
By providing the slurry lagoons, waste and manure store tanks and associated equipment the
proposed project will demonstrate cost-effective techniques to reduce river and groundwater
pollution from livestock farms and slaughterhouses. Execution of the designed measures will have
positive impact in both the water and soil quality. No negative effects are foreseen if the structures
are maintained properly and used according to standard operating practices. This positive impact
will have direct consequences to improving the situation relevant to local public health.
By providing required facilities and equipment the component will also contribute:
· to sustainable agricultural production
· to solving the issue of farmyard waste by introducing relevant management and utilization
techniques (spreading to the land).
This measure will have positive impact on soil fertility and groundwater quality.
Some potential adverse environmental impact could be felt in close proximity to manure storage
structures only due to odor. This impact will be felt particularly during unfavorable climate
conditions (high temperatures, high air pressure, or wind). However, selection of the appropriate
location for such structures in design/construction phase would in most cases reduce this impact to
the minimum.
(C) Slaughterhouses
Similarly to above, the provision of screening, separation and treatment facilities for
slaughterhouses will have positive impact by reducing pollution of river and groundwater sources,
which will be felt through improved water and groundwater quality. No negative effects, if
compared to the existing situation are foreseen if the structures are maintained properly and used
according to standard operating practices.
Operation of treatment facilities will have direct positive impact to health of the local population.
However, strict adherence to legal requirements in respect to use of personal health and safety
equipment will be required in order to avoid potential negative impact of the works to operating
staff.
During the operation potential negative effect can be felt (mostly related to human and animal
health) if adequate sludge/waste management techniques are not designed and/or applied. Design of
the sludge and waste management techniques should be based upon following criteria:
· separation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste at source,
· prevention of non-edible parts of animals from entering the main flow of waste system,
· management of hazardous waste according to positive legal requirements and Animal By-
· Product Directive 2002/1774/RRC,
· spreading of non hazardous animal by products to land used for growth of crops only.
Some potential adverse environmental impact could also be felt in close proximity to fat traps,
treatment and screening facilities and sludge storage tanks due to emission of odor. This impact will
be felt particularly during unfavorable climate conditions (high temperature, high air pressure, or
wind). However, selection of the appropriate location for such structures in design/construction
phase would in most cases reduce this impact to the minimum.
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(D) Demonstration farms and slaughterhouses
Operation of piezometers at nine selected sites for groundwater monitoring will not have any impact
on the surrounding environment.
Component 3: Awareness Raising and Replicability Strategy
This Component will not include any of the activities directly related to design, execution or
operation of civil construction work. As such, there will be no environmental impact.
Component 4: Project Management and Monitoring
This Component will not include any of the activities directly related to design, execution or
operation of civil construction work. As such, there will be no environmental impact.
MONITORING
The planed monitoring program has four main elements:
1. Monitoring surface water quality at four selected project areas (Novi Sad, Vrbas, Po arevac
and Sabac).
2. Monitoring groundwater quality by the use of a piezometers network which will be installed.
3. Monitoring treated wastewater discharges on nitrogen and phosphorus from the selected
animal slaughterhouses, after either the existing wastewater treatment systems have been
redesigned and reconstructed, or the new one-s installed, the both satisfying EU
requirements for handling this kind of wastewater.
4. Monitoring the changes in soil quality at four selected project demonstration sites (Novi
Sad, Vrbas, Po arevac and Sabac) and 240 farms in selected areas.
Monitoring will be performed by the selected authorized laboratories: Hydro-meteorological
Institute Republic of Serbia, Institute for Soil Science - Republic of Serbia and local soil
laboratories in the selected area.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)
An environmental management plan (EMP) was developed consisting of a set of mitigation,
monitoring, and institutional measures to be taken during project implementation in order to
eliminate, offset or reduce the respective environmental or social impacts to acceptable levels.
Introductory remarks
According to the EIA only component 2 of the DREPR project requires the EMP.
Project Component 2 will undertake activities that involve construction works that are listed in the
table below.
Positive Environmental screening list
· Construction of slurry lagoons for pig farms
· Construction of circular above-ground waste store for pig farms
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· Provision and installation of slurry pumps
· Provision and installation of slurry agitators for slurry lagoons and slurry store
· Provision and installation of treatment facilities for "red water" and blood treatment
· Construction of farmyard manure store for solid waste for cattle farms
· Construction of a liquid waste storage tanks for cattle farms
· Repair to existing drains, sediment and fat traps at slaughterhouses
· Installation of treatment and screening facilities and separation equipment (screen size 6
mm)
· Installation of dissolved air flotation and separation tanks
· Installation of sludge storage tanks
· Installation of piezometers at 9 selected sites for groundwater monitoring
· Purchase of manure loading and spreading equipment
It is, as well, very important to point out what is not going to be done under the DREPR Project
Component 2, which is listed in the table below.
Negative Environmental screening list
· Building of new slaughterhouse
· Establishing new cattle or pig farms
· Making any interventions by the enterprises beyond cattle farms, pig farms and
slaughterhouses
· Developing or executing of any activity that is not foreseen during project preparation phase
· Developing or executing of any activity in environmentally or culturally sensitive areas
Environmental impact assessment has identified the potential adverse impacts of various project
components of DREPR project. An overview of these effects during construction (for projects that
imply civil works) and operation is presented below.
Project components 1, 3 and 4 do not require any construction work, and hence will leave no
environmental impact on the ground.
Project component 2 component include outdoor construction works, for which the main adverse
environmental impacts will be connected to dust and noise emission. As the construction areas are
relatively small and the duration of construction activities short, the impacts of those activities will
be felt only locally and characterized by low intensity and limited duration. The
executing/construction company has the responsibility to take the necessary mitigation measures
that would in most cases include only compliance to the existing construction standard procedures
for outdoor and indoor works as well as workers health and safety regulation. In some cases the
sludge/waste management plans will have to be designed and enforced. The appropriate
management practices will be determined depending upon the sludge/waste composition. Costs for
these measures should be included in the project costs.
During operation, the use and handling of sludge/waste and possible bio-hazardous materials
(animal by products) may have adverse impacts on both human health & safety and environment.
The necessary mitigation measures can be summarized as follows:
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1. Use of environmentally friendly design of the civil works to be implemented in order to
ensure the protection of soil, water and air against pollution.
2. Use of safe engineering practices in order to ensure minimal negative environmental impact
during the construction phase
3. Issues of the existing sludge/waste and bio-hazardous waste management have to be
addressed as part of the each specific project design and ensuing operation program.
4. Compliance with positive environmental legislation and regulations in force should be
monitored and reported where necessary.
5. Monitoring of soil, water and groundwater quality should be performed according to
designed plan and results reported to relevant state institutions.
Responsibilities for the implementation of environmental mitigation measures belong to national
authorities, institutions and partners which are the beneficiaries of DREPR project. Those are:
· Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management;
· Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection Directorate for Environmental
Protection;
· Republic Hydro-Meteorological Service;
· Directorate for Water of MAFWM;
· Environmental Protection Agency.
Due to the insignificant or low negative environmental impact during construction, no specific
monitoring actions are necessary other than the usual ones taken by the environmental authorities.
After the construction and commissioning stage the external water, groundwater and soil
monitoring program will be carried out by the Project, according to detailed specifications provided
under the project Component 2. Additionally, each activity operator/owner will have to confirm to
lega1 requirements as specified by various environmental authorities and other authorities with
legal inspection attributions (MAFWM, MSE, Directorate for Water, Directorate for Environment,
Vojvodina provincial secretariats and municipal inspection services).
There are no requirements for additional measures that focus on institutional development or staff
training other than those already included as part of each component of DREPR Project.
Project Objectives
The DREPR project has two main objectives: reduction of nutrient pollution from some 240
livestock farms and a dozen slaughterhouses in the Republic of Serbia and reduction of its negative
public health, economic and amenity impact, as well. Among them approximately 8 livestock farms
and 8 slaughterhouses will be treated in the firs demonstration phase.
The both objectives will be attained by taking all necessary mitigating measures and an adequate
monitoring process throughout all three project phases, planning/design, construction and operation.
Basically, the improved manure management consists in liquid slurry and solid manure six months
storage in a covered tank (lagoon) for the purpose of its anaerobic stabilization and its spreading
over the farmland afterwards. As to the slaughterhouse wastes, the treatment process is based on
their segregation and their adequate separate treatment, with the rest wastewater treatment by the
one of several process options, before its ultimate disposal into the recipient.
Mitigation Plan
Livestock manures and slaughter wastes have very significant environmental impact on soil, water,
air, public health, livestock health, and farm and slaughterhouse staff health and food quality.
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The environmental impact on soil includes problems from excess nutrients (N, P, K), organic
matter, heavy metals, manure salt content and others. The main problems with animal manure water
pollution are nitrate leaching, nutrients runoff, free ammonia and organic matter, while air
emissions related to livestock manures are emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases. Finally,
related to animal manures are some nuisance issues and visual impact, also.
The main environmental impact of the slaughterhouse and meat processing is excess nutrients
introduction in surface and groundwater also, although most of the mentioned environmental
impacts of the animal manure are characteristic to them as well.
In order to reduce and/or eliminate these problems the following mitigation measures should be
taken:
1. Better housekeeping practice within the farms and slaughterhouses (wastes segregation,
recycling, ventilation),
2. More rational water usage and diversion of the rain water directly to the recipient,
3. Design, construction and operation of an efficient, cost effective and replicable manure
treatment and land disposal method, eliminating or radically reducing its environmental
impacts mentioned before. An optional water disposal method via a dirty water irrigation
system should be considered.
4. Design, construction and operation of an efficient and cost effective slaughterhouse
wastewater treatment and disposal process, replicable for other plants of this kind, with the
maximum possible use of the existing equipment. The process has several options, using
necessary holding and treatment tanks for segregated wastes and the appropriate
combination of unit processes (screening, filtration, flocculation and dissolved air flotation,
biological aerobic treatment with nitrification and denitrification, composting and
incineration).
5. Appropriate relation between nutrients content in soil and the quantity of the manure used
for fertilization, to avoid that surplice, which could not be taken by the plant, is released in
surface or ground waters.
Monitoring Plan
The main objective of the water and soil quality monitoring program will be the assessment of the
improved nutrient and animal waste management practices that will be implemented at selected
farms/sites and that will demonstrate how the leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus to local surface
and ground water sources can be reduced and water and soil quality improved by the use of good
agricultural management practices.
The planed monitoring program has four main elements:
1. Monitoring surface water quality at nine selected project areas.
2. Monitoring groundwater quality by the use of a piezometers network which will be installed.
3. Monitoring treated wastewater discharges on nitrogen and phosphorus from the three
selected animal slaughterhouses, after either the existing wastewater treatment systems have
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been redesigned and reconstructed, or the new one-s installed, the both satisfying EU
requirements for handling this kind of wastewater.
4. Monitoring the changes in soil quality at nine selected project demonstration sites and 240
farms in four areas (Novi Sad, Vrbas, Po arevac and Sabac).
The entire surface and groundwater monitoring program will be carried out by the Hydro-
meteorological Service of Serbia.
Soil and manure samples, collected from 60 farms before fertilizer and manure application have
been made, will be analyzed in four selected regional laboratories, one in each of the four project
areas.
All soil samples, collected from the Institute of Animal Husbandry Belgrade Farm and one hectare
demonstration plots in the project area, will be analyzed at Soil Science Institute of Belgrade. The
set of soil samples, collected from a total of about 240 farms, will be analyzed at the four selected
regional laboratories.
Surface Water Quality Monitoring
The DREPR project will establish a detailed mechanism for collection water samples for nutrient
analysis and monitor the quality of local surface waters at nine project areas (two or more
monitoring points at each of them), in order to quantify the nitrogen and phosphorus loads reduction
to the local streams and rivers, discharging them into the Danube River and its tributaries in Serbia.
At each of these sampling points samples will be collected monthly from March to November and
more frequently during rainy months of April and May.
Surface runoff water samples will be collected from 36, one hectare in size demonstration plots,
established for testing good agricultural practices at the Animal Husbandry Institute near Belgrade.
Groundwater Quality Monitoring
This monitoring part will be done by the use of newly installed piezometer network of about 10-12
piezometers and 1-2 existing water wells at each of nine project areas. The network will be installed
under the supervision of Hydro-meteorological of Serbia according to the "international standard
design" and approved by the international consultant. All these piezometers and wells will be
sampled at least twice a year and analyzed for nutrients, in order to determine the transport of
nitrogen and phosphorus along the groundwater gradient into the shallow aquifer systems.
Before determining piezometer locations a hydro-geological map of the site will be obtained and
groundwater flow direction will be determined. The number of piezometers to be installed at each
of these sites depends on numerous local factors to be determined. A preliminary hydro-geologic
survey of the area for all eight sites and the Animal Husbandry Institute Farm is needed prior to the
implementation of the project in order to define current status of groundwater quality and before the
introduction of improved nutrient management practices.
At each of the piezometer sites, during their installation, soil samples will be collected for nitrate,
phosphorus and potassium analysis.
Soil Quality Monitoring
The soil monitoring program will have two main objectives. First, it will be an integral part of the
process for developing farm nutrient management plans for about 240 farms as it ensures that
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farmers apply fertilizers or manure to their fields in appropriate amounts on the basis of the current
nutrient status of the upper 30 cm of soil profile and to meet the nutrient uptake requirements of the
crops. This allows maximizing the nutrient uptake efficiency of plants and avoiding the risk of
excessive leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus to groundwater systems and possibly to surface
water sources with runoff water. Second, regular soil quality monitoring (especially before planting
and after the harvesting) is useful in determining the transfer of nutrients to the groundwater
through leaching as well as the contamination of the soil by the accumulation compounds such as
phosphorus, potassium and organic nitrogen from manure applications.
Collecting soil samples for nutrient analyses will be responsibility of Local Implementation Units
(LIU's) and coordinators of demonstration sites. LIU`s will work with farmers in collecting the soil
samples from those farm areas that will enter into DREPR project goals. These soil samples then
will be analyzed for N, P and K in local soil testing laboratories. The manure samples will be
analyzed for total N, total K, also. On the basis of these soil and manure test results LIU's will make
fertilizer or manure application recommendations to farmers.
Each of the nine demonstration sites will be provided with two sets of soil sampling probes. For
developing fertilizer and manure management plans, the nutrient contents of manure and soil will
be analyzed so that calculations can be made on how many tons of manure or kg. of fertilizer can be
applied per hectare to achieve the desired application rates to meet the N and P uptake needs of the
crop.
The monitored parameters for surface water, groundwater and soil quality will be as follows:
Soil Quality Parameters
Surface and Ground Water Quality
Parameters
Nonspecific
Organic matter, pH, Color, pH, Turbidity, Odor
Texture, Hydraulic conductivity
Organic N, NO3-N, Total P
NO3-N, Total P
Specific
Optional: Potassium
Optional: fecal coliforms & total coliform
bacteria,
dissolved O2 and BOD in surface water
Capacity Building for the Implementation of the Monitoring Program
The following institutions will be provided equipment and other professional training to build their
capacity and function and function at par with other international institutes:
i. Animal
Husbandry
Institute,
Belgrade-Zemun,
ii. Soil
Science
Institute,
Belgrade,
iii.
Hydro-meteorological Service, Belgrade
iv.
Local laboratories in four project areas.
Training: A total of up to 10 staff/scientists from laboratories and institutes will be sent for short-
term training to overseas countries to update them on latest advances in the analytical procedures
and new laboratories equipment. Also, one environmental/hydrologic engineer will be trained on
the sue of SWAT or MIKE-SHE computer simulation model for watershed modeling and on
developing QC/QA protocols required for various soil and water monitoring activities in this
project.
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Equipment: Project will purchase several pieces of laboratory equipment to strengthen their
existing capacity for soil and water analyses in selected laboratories. In addition two stat-of-art
equipment for nitrate analyses, such as Latchet, will be considered for purchase to strengthen their
capacity as well to support the monitoring work. In addition to this equipment, laboratories will
receive a lump sum amount for laboratories supplies and to help them to cover the cost of surface
water monitoring program. Also, laboratories will have their staff scientists sent to the best Serbian
laboratories and abroad for short-term training programs. In addition, the Animal Husbandry
Institute and other eight demonstration sites will be provided with manure applicators (solid as well
as for liquid injectors) for precise application of manure if needed. In addition, al nine
demonstration sites should be provided with no-tillage planters as no-tillage will be one of the
tillage practices tested for the good agricultural practice. All nine sites do not need to buy no-till
planters but can share between themselves. Also, DREPR project need to buy chisel plows for the
demonstrations farms as well to demonstrate the use of chisel plows.
ANNEX A
ENVIRONMENTAL SREENING CRITERIA FOR DECIDING THE PREPARATION
OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
If any of the following factors are assessed to be significant by the PCU, an EMP will be required
for the project of concern:
· Excess nutrients (N and P) introduction to surface and ground waters,
· Possible impact to public, livestock, farm and slaughterhouse employees' health;
· Impact to produced food quality;
· Interference with local aesthetic characteristics (nuisance and visual impact);
· Environmental sensitive areas involved (protected area, sensitive ecosystems, etc.);
· Soil and water organic and heavy metals pollution;
· Permanent loss of productive land for support structure placement;
· Air pollution;
· Soil erosion;
Culturally sensitive areas involved (structures/locations of historical or archeological significance).
Positive Environmental screening list
· Construction of slurry lagoons for pig farms
· Construction of circular above-ground waste store for pig farms
· Provision and installation of slurry pumps
· Provision and installation of slurry agitators for slurry lagoons and slurry store
· Provision and installation of treatment facilities for "red water" and blood treatment
· Construction of farmyard manure store for solid waste for cattle farms
· Construction of a liquid waste storage tanks for cattle farms
· Repair to existing drains, sediment and fat traps at slaughterhouses
· Installation of treatment and screening facilities and separation equipment (screen size 6 mm)
· Installation of dissolved air flotation and separation tanks
· Installation of sludge storage tanks
· Installation of piezometers at 9 selected sites for groundwater monitoring
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· Purchase of manure loading and spreading equipment
Negative Environmental screening list
· Building of new slaughterhouse
· Establishing new cattle or pig farms
· Making any interventions by the enterprises beyond cattle farms, pig farms and slaughterhouses
· Developing or executing of any activity that is not foreseen during project preparation phase
· Developing or executing of any activity in environmentally or culturally sensitive areas
DREPR Project Environmental reference for Cattle farms & Pig farms
- Constructing (project Implementation) phase -
No
Possible problems
Possible negative impacts
Mitigations measures
1
Increased dust and noise
Nuisance, negative impact
Measures to minimize
emission
on human health
effects, observe the legal
requirements
2
Inappropriate sludge and
Odor, deterioration of the
Measures to minimize
construction waste
environment
effects, observe the legal
management
requirements
3
Soil erosion/silt runoff from
Soil erosion, damage to land Proper measures to
construction operations
values or structures
minimize soil erosion on
site, resurfacing of affected
areas
4
Construction hazard
Safety risk for workers
Appropriate safety
measurements, use of
protective and safety
equipment
DREPR Project Environmental reference for Cattle farms & Pig farms Operation phase
No
Possible problems
Possible negative impacts
Mitigations measures
1
Emission of odor
Nuisance
Observe usage instructions,
perform optimal
maintenance, observe the
legal requirements
2
Inadequate water
Decrease of water quality,
Proper monitoring planning,
monitoring
health risk
proper operation and
maintenance, regular
inspection
3
Inadequate operation and
Health risk, accidental
Proper planning and set of
maintenance
discharges, decline in
good operation and
surface water quality
maintenance system, regular
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inspection
4
Inadequate manure
Additional unnecessary
Proper manure management
management
release of nutrients (N&P)
planning, set of good
into water courses, water
operation and maintenance
pollution
system, constant contact
with local agricultural
extension service, observe
the legal requirements
DREPR Project Environmental reference for Slaughterhouses
- Constructing (project Implementation) phase -
No
Possible problems
Possible negative impacts
Mitigations measures
1
Increased dust and noise
Nuisance, negative impact
Measures to minimize
emission
on human health
effects, observe the legal
requirements
2
Inappropriate sludge and
Odor, deterioration of the
Measures to minimize
construction waste
environment
effects, observe the legal
management
requirements
3
Soil erosion/silt runoff from
Soil erosion, damage to land Observe usage instructions,
construction operations
values or structures
perform optimal
maintenance, observe the
legal requirements
4
Construction hazard
Safety risk for workers
Appropriate safety
measurements, use of
protective and safety
equipment
DREPR Project Environmental reference for Slaughterhouses Operation phase
No
Possible problems
Possible negative impacts
Mitigations measures
1
Emission of odor
Nuisance
Observe usage instructions,
perform optimal
maintenance, observe the
legal requirements
2
Inadequate water
Decrease of water quality,
Proper monitoring planning,
monitoring
health risk
proper operation and
maintenance, regular
inspection
3
Inadequate operation and
Health risk, accidental
Proper planning and set of
maintenance
discharges, decline in
good operation and
surface water quality
maintenance system, regular
inspection
4
Inadequate waste water and
Additional unnecessary
Proper waste water and
animal by-products
release of nutrients (N&P)
animal by-products
management
into water courses, water
planning, set of good
pollution
operation and maintenance
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system, constant contact
with local agricultural
extension service, observe
the legal requirements
DREPR Project Environmental reference
- Monitoring parameters of surface water, groundwater and soil quality -
Soil Quality Parameters
Surface and Ground Water Quality
Parameters
Organic matter, pH, Color,
pH, Turbidity, Odor
Nonspecific
Texture, Hydraulic conductivity
Organic N, NO3-N, Total P
NO3-N, Total P
Specific
Optional: Potassium
Optional: fecal coliforms & total coliform
bacteria, dissolved O2 and BOD in surface
water
PUBLIC DISCLOAUSRE
According to the World Bank's procedure Directorate for environmental protection performed the
following actions:
· we informed people and interested parties about DREPR EMP disclosure by mail and by
advertising that in newspaper - Politika; it is read throughout whole Serbia, the
advertisement appeared on November 17.
· Serbian text of DREPR EMP was disclosed on the DEP web-site together with appropriate
info on DREPR project on Tuesday, November 16;
· Serbian text of DREPR EMP was disclosed in the Directorate as a hard copy of a document.
· We sent the same text to the selected municipalities (Sabas, Po arevac, Novi Sad & Vrbas),
there it was disclosed on the bulletin boards of Municipality buildings and in Municipality
libraries.
· We organized public meeting in the premises of the Institute for Protection of Nature of
Serbia on November 22; this was also announced in the Politika;
· During the meeting "records of the meeting" has been made and all necessary and important
issues rose on that meeting has been incorporated in the EIA/EMP report.
IMPORTANTE NOTICE: There were no issues discussed during the public meeting on DREPR
EMP, organized by Directorate for environmental protection, which caused any changes in the
EMP. Beside comment and questions posed during the meeting, we had no comments received on
e-mail, and nobody come to Directorate to take hard copy of a EMP document.
15
ANNEX
MINUTES FROM THE PUBLIC DISCUSSION ON THE DREPR PROJECT
"ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN" PRESENTATION
The public discussion of the DREPR Project "Environmental Management Plan" was held
on November 22, 2004, from 13 to 15:30 in the Agency for Environmental Protection (the list of
attendees is attached).
The public discussion was opened by Ms. Jasminka Randjelovic, Project Coordinator, who greeted
the participants on behalf of the Directorate for Environmental Protection. Mr. Ivan Grzetic, Ph.D.,
the Project Preparation Unit Coordinator gave a brief presentation of the Project to brief the
attendees about the Project. The introductory part was followed by the presentation of Mr. Luka
Knezic, Ph.D., the consultant engaged for the preparation of the terms of reference for the
Environmental Framework and Screening which was on the agenda of the public discussion
"Chapter on Environmental Protection and Environmental Management Plan" (EIA & EMP).
Following the presentations, the attendees were encouraged to participate in the public discussion.
1)
Mr. Zarko Lainovic, Mayor of Vrbas Municipality, raised three issues. The first referred to
the timelines for the implementation of the project, the second to the inspection authorities
controlling farm and slaughterhouse pollution, and the third to the implementation stage
organizational structure.
Mr. Knezic, Mr. Grzetic and Ms. Randjelovic emphasized that a separate meeting would be
organized with the representatives of the four municipalities selected in the project
demonstration phase where they would be provided with detailed information on the project
organization. Professor Grzetic underlined that the Project is currently in the preparation
stage. The preparation stage would result in the drafting the operational manual that could
be disseminated to the demonstration municipalities. Also, it was emphasized that active
cooperation had been established with the inspection authorities within the Ministry of
Science and Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water
Management, provincial secretariats, etc.
2) Mr. Mileta Perisic, Ph.D., Geology Institute (Geoinstitut), is of the opinion that the data
used for N and P pollution levels are not compatible with the ICPDR data. Also, he
suggested that the regions in the vicinity of water reservoirs such as Gruza, Celije, Uzice,
etc. should be included in the demonstration phase. With regard to that, professor Grzetic
noted that within this Project, the World Bank was investing in the reduction of the farm and
slaughterhouse pollution only, and that the problem of the settlements with no farms or
slaughterhouses could not be addressed within this Project.
3) Mr. Branislav Simonovic, Ph.D., General Manager of the Institute for General and Physics
Chemistry, asked why dairy factories were not included in the Project. Three years ago, the
Institute for General and Physics was involved in a safe technologies project demonstrating
that a whole range of nutrient pollutant whey and yeast products may be used commercial
purposes.
16
In reply to that comment, professors Knezic and Grzetic noted that the Dutch donors showed
interest in investing in dairies. A similar project had already been implemented in Poland,
proceeding the farm nutrient pollution reduction project.
4) Mr. Miksa Jovanovic, Assistant General Manager of the Serbian Hydrometeorological
Institute, raised the issue of possible borrowing for the preparation of the study on the
hydrogeological structure of soil for soil monitoring purposes and the extent to which such a
study would be developed.
The question was answered by Ms. Mirjana Zdravkovic, M.Sc., local consultant for soil,
explaining that the maps used were the existing hydrogeological maps which were
forwarded to Mr. Ramesh Kanwar, the World Bank consultant, who was mostly interested
for the data on the water table, and watercourse flows and directions. The data submitted
was satisfactory, and would be used as the basis for the installation of piesometers.
The second question by Mr. Miksa Jovanovic referred to optional parameters for water and
soil quality monitoring. Professors Ivan Grzetic and Luka Knezic explained that the World
Bank would invest in the monitoring of the N and P parameters, while the optional
parameters would be financed by the Republic of Serbia, should the funds be provided.
Ms. Zdravkovic added, on the subject of good agricultural practice, that this Project would
facilitate the demonstration of modern agrotechnical practices already used in the US (new
tillage and composting practices) in the demonstration farms. In the process, new liquid
manure injection technologies would be applied.
Considering there were no more questions raised by the interested public, Ms. Randjelovic
thanked the participants for their interest and participation in the public discussion.
Minutes compiled by:
Ivan Grzetic, Ph.D.
Luka Knezic Ph.D.
Jasminka Randjelovic, M.Sc.
End of file
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