UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
Strengthening the Implementation Capacities for Nutrient
Reduction and Transboundary Cooperation
in the Danube River Basin
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory
and their comparison with TNMN and JDS
results with particular attention to the EU
Priority List of Pollutants
Project Component 2.2: Development of operational tools for
monitoring, laboratory and information management with
particular attention to nutrients and toxic substances
August 31, 2003
Prepared by: Rodeco Consulting GmbH
Author:
Jaroslav Slobodník, Jan Dogterom
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 3
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
Table of contents
Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Definitions
Executive summary
1. Introduction..................................................................................................... III - 9
2. Methodology ................................................................................................... III - 9
3. Results ............................................................................................................ III - 10
3.1 Water (Annex 1) ........................................................................................... III - 10
3.2 Sediments and suspended solids (Annex 2) ..................................................... III - 10
3.3 Discussion of the results with recommendations ............................................. III - 10
· Annex 1 Water.............................................................................................. III - 25
· Annex 2 Suspended solids and sediments ....................................................... III - 27
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 5
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
Abbreviations
TNMN
Trans-National Monitoring Network
EMIS
Emission Sources Expert Group
JDS
Joint Danube Survey
WFD
Water Framework Directive
ICPDR
International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River
DRPS
Danube River Priority Substances
DRB
Danube River Basin
MLIM
Monitoring and Laboratory Information Management
EG
Expert Group
DRP
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
EAF
Expert Advisory Forum
PS
Priority Substances
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 7
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
Executive Summary
The main objective of this activity was to prepare a background material for future harmonization of
the ICPDR databases (EMIS, TNMN). Therefore, a comparative analysis of determinands (i) included
in the EMIS inventories/database, (ii) routinely measured in the TNMN and (iii) analysed within the
Joint Danube Survey (JDS) was made. A particular attention was given to a comparison with the
determinands from the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) List of Priority Substances. The
analysis made also a comparison with the recently agreed provisional Danube List of Priority
Substances.
At present, for water matrix 26 determinands from EU & Danube Priority Lists are not in the
analytical programme of TNMN and 29 are not in the EMIS inventories. In the JDS, 17 out of these 26
determinands were included in the analytical programme for the water matrix. Eight JDS determinands
that are listed in the Decision No. 2455/2001/EC showed results below detection limit (n.d.). Mercury
was below detection limit in the JDS datasets (due to relatively high LOD of the analytical method
applied), however, it is reported in the TNMN list. For 14 determinands (all organic micropollutants)
listed in the Decision No. 2455/2001/EC no data in water exists in the ICPDR databases (TNMN and
JDS; data from PHARE Applied Research Programme for DRB exist for PAHs).
For sediment / suspended solids altogether 20 determinands of the EU WFD Priority Substances Lists
are not in the analytical programme of TNMN while 22 are not in the EMIS inventories. Ten, out of
these 20 non-TNMN determinands, were included in the analytical programme of the JDS for
sediments/suspended solids. For ten determinands present in the EU WFD Priority Substances list no
data are available in suspended solids/sediments analysed within the TNMN and JDS.
In the technical report results are discussed in detail for each (group of) determinand(s).
Considerations are presented for each determinand whether to include it or not in either the EMIS
inventories or the analytical programme of TNMN. Comments on possible emission sources were
made as well, based on current versions of respective EC documents (source screening). The
considerations were used as a basis for the recommendations. Recommendations referred also to
monitoring matrices agreed until now by EAF PS.
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 9
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
1. Introduction
A comparative analysis of determinands (i) included in the EMIS inventories/database, (ii) routinely
measured in the TNMN and (iii) analyzed within the Joint Danube Survey (JDS) was made. A
particular attention was given to a comparison with the determinands from the EU Water Framework
Directive (WFD) List of Priority Substances. The analysis inc ludes also a comparison with the
recently agreed provisional Danube List of Priority Substances.
The main objective of this activity was to prepare a background material for future harmonization of
the ICPDR databases (EMIS, TNMN). Recommendations for the harmonization of the databases are
therefore presented, taking into account findings of the JDS as well as the Danube List of Priority
Substances.
2. Methodology
A matrix was produced for five sets of parameters (EU WFD List of Priority Substances, Danube List
of Priority Substances, EMIS, TNMN and JDS), displaying also units associated with each of the
determinands. Both water and suspended solids/sediments (two matrices) were taken into account. The
matrix provided a basis for the comparative analysis. The EU WFD and the Danube lists of Priority
Substances have been included without changes. For the TNMN determinands in both matrices, the
lists presented in the TNMN Yearbook 2000 were used. However, six determinands (Na, K, Ca,
BOD5, COD-Mn and DOC) were exc luded in the water matrix; these parameters were considered as
not relevant for the study. Similarly, seven determinands (Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Al, TOC and Total
extractable matter) were excluded from the TNMN list for the suspended solids/sediments matrix. For
the JDS list of determinands, the lists in Chapter 2 of the JDS Technical Report were used in both
matrices. For the water matrix, the list stayed unchanged; for suspended solids/sediment, similarly as
for TNMN data set, seven determinands were excluded.
Determinands, that are not compatible with EMIS were excluded from the TNMN and JDS lists in
both matrices. These parameters relate to: general physical conditions (e.g., temperature), hydrology
(e.g., flow), biology (e.g., chlorophyll-A), microbiology (e.g., Salmonella) and general chemical
determinands (e.g., alkalinity). A specific group of compounds excluded from the comparison were
pharmaceuticals. The reason was current unavailability of sufficient information on their occurrence in
surface waters in the Danube River Basin as well as their absence in the Decision No. 2455/2001/EC.
However, owing to the increasingly frequent detection of pharmaceuticals in surface waters (mainly
due to upgrade of analytical capabilities of water laboratories) it is advisable to focus on their
occurrence in the future.
The matrices clearly indicate differences among the five investigated data sets. These differences are
discussed for each (group of) determinand(s) and considerations are given on consequences for the set
up of the EMIS database and the analytical programme of TNMN. Based on the above,
recommendations have been developed for harmonization of EMIS and TNMN with the EU WFD and
Danube Priority Substances lists. The EU list is a legal document, approved and adopted by the EU
Member States and may be revised/amended in the future at the EU level. The Danube list of Priority
Substances has recently been agreed by the ICPDR at its 1st Standing Working Group meeting,
however, still being considered only as provisional. National screenings for EU WFD Priority
Substances will have to be performed in order to draft the final list of the Danube Priority Substances.
The current Danube list is based on the determinands contained in the Decision No. 2455/2001/EC. In
total eight parameters have been added (COD, NH4-N, Ntot, Ptot, and four heavy metals). The JDS
was a single, specific survey and provided additional information for recommendations to harmonize
EMIS and TNMN.
III - 10
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
3. Results
The discussed determinands in the five data sets are presented for water and suspended
solids/sediments matrices in Annex 1 and 2, respectively.
3.1 Water (Annex 1)
The columns for the EU and the Danube Lists of Priority Substances show 33, resp. 41 substances,
(44, resp. 52 considering all individual determinands). At present, 26 determinands of these Priority
Lists are not in the analytical programme of TNMN and 29 are not in the EMIS inventories. In the
JDS, 17 out of these 26 determinands were included in the analytical programme for the water matrix.
Eight JDS determinands that are listed in the Decision No. 2455/2001/EC showed results below
detection limit (n.d.). Mercury was below detection limit in the JDS datasets (due to relatively high
LOD of the analytical method applied), however, it is reported in the TNMN list. For 14 determinands
(all organic micropollutants) listed in the Decision No. 2455/2001/EC no data in water exists in the
ICPDR databases (TNMN and JDS; data from PHARE Applied Research Programme for DRB exist
for PAHs).
3.2 Suspended solids/sediments (Annex 2)
The columns for the EU and the Danube Lists of Priority Substances comprise of 25 and 31
substances, respectively. Here, it must be stressed that the selection of parameters relevant for the solid
phase matrices was based on the current status in elaboration of quality standards by the Expert
Advisory Forum of Priority Substances (EAF PS; as of summer 2003). As this issue is not concluded
yet, some amendments in the solid phase matrices may be expected in near future. At present, 20
determinands of the EU WFD Priority Substances Lists are not in the analytical programme of TNMN
while 22 are not in the EMIS inventories. Ten, out of these 20 non-TNMN determinands, were
included in the analytical programme of the JDS for sediments/suspended solids. For ten determinands
present in the EU WFD Priority Substances list no data are available in suspended solids/sediments
analysed within the TNMN and JDS.
3.3 Discussion of the results with recommendations
The results are discussed for each (group of) determinand(s). Considerations are presented for each
determinand whether to include it or not in either the EMIS inventories or the analytical programme of
TNMN. Comments on possible emission sources were made as well, based on current versions of
respective EC documents (source screening). The considerations were used as a basis for the
recommendations. Recommendations will refer also to monitoring matrices agreed until now by EAF
PS.
It is expected that the considerations will be discussed with the MLIM/EMIS expert groups and this
discussion may result to adjustments of the recommendations. Moreover, the evaluation of 5--Years
TNMN will most likely provide additional considerations/recommendations. Therefore, the discussion
presented here can be considered only as a first step in the process and certainly cannot lead to final
conclusions.
Alachlor
This polar pesticide is EU WFD priority substance and is suspected to affect endocrine regulation. Its
major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse
emission to surface waters and emission to atmosphere). AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor
alachlor in water. Alachlor is not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was
measured in water during the JDS, but not detected in any of the samples.
It is recommended to check whether alachlor is manufactured in the Danube River Basin and/or used
as a pesticide. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory
of agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in considerable quantities,
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 11
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific stretches in
the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into account during
national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided whether or not to
include alachlor in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in water.
Anthracene
This polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is a EU WFD priority substance under review. Anthracene has
several major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases. Its major point sources are run
off from buildings and constructions in paved urban area (creosote treated timber) and large industrial
sites (mainly production of creosote). The main non-point source is release from materials and
constructions in non-urban area (creosote treated timber). Its emissions to atmosphere predominantly
origin from traffic and infrastructure, households and other consumer use, and from industry. AMPS
has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Anthracene is not included in the
EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in suspended solids/sediments during the JDS
and detected in all but two sediment samples at concentration levels of 0.0008 1.648 mg/kg and in
all but one suspended solid samples at concentration levels of 0.0012 0.212 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether anthracene is produced/used in industrial technologies in the
Danube River Basin. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of municipal and industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted
investigations/surveys to check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed.
This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these
findings it can be decided whether or not to include anthracene in the TNMN programme for water
and solid phase (suspended solids).
Atrazine
This polar pesticide is EU WFD priority substance under review and it is a substance with evidence on
endocrine disrupting potential. Atrazine metabolites are considered significantly less toxic than
atrazine itself. In terms of exposure, in surface water atrazine itself is the only environmentally
significant residue where contamination results from spray drift.
Its major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse
emission to surface waters and emission to atmosphere). An important role is attributed also to
atmospheric deposition of atrazine on the water surface. AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor
atrazine in water. Atrazine was detected within both TNMN and JDS in water samples. During JDS it
was detected in majority of water samples at concentration levels of 0.02 0.78 µg/l.
It is recommended to check where atrazine is manufactured in the Danube River Basin (e.g., JDS
Technical Report refers to manufacturing site in Sisak in Croatia) and/or used as a pesticide. In
reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of agricultural
diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. It is recommended to keep atrazine among TNMN
determinands to be analyzed in water. It seems to be not relevant to analyze atrazine in solid phase,
due to its polarity.
Benzene
This aromatic hydrocarbon is EU WFD priority substance. Its major point source is emission from
atmosphere from traffic and infrastructure. Direct non-point and point emission sources to surface
waters are of minor importance. AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor benzene in water.
Benzene is not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in water
during the JDS, and detected only in seven from 99 water samples at concentration levels of 0.1 0.5
µg/l.
It is recommended to check whether benzene is produced/used in industrial technologies in the
Danube River Basin. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of municipal and industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted
investigations/surveys to check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed.
III - 12
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these
findings it can be decided whether or not to include benzene in the TNMN programme for water.
Brominated diphenylethers
There are 209 theoretical congeners of polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE), out of which only few
are present in technical mixtures. The individual congeners are numbered according to the IUPAC
system used for the numbering of PCBs. The most frequent congeners are penta-, octa- and deca-
brominated diphenylethers. Pentabromodiphenylether is EU WFD priority hazardous substance,
octabromodiphenyl ether is considered as priorit y substance. Major sources/pathways in quantitative
terms of total releases of PBDEs are (i) point sources to surface water caused by households and
consumer use of flexible polyurethane foam (furniture/upholstery), resins, polyesters, textiles, ABS
plastics in castings and covers for electric and electronic equipment, synthetic carpets; and (ii) large
industrial point sources (either production/formulation of PBDEs or industrial use of PBDEs as flame
retardants in the production of flexible polyurethane foam, resins, polyesters, textiles, etc.). AMPS
agreed on recommendation to monitor bis(pentabromophenyl)ether, pentabromodiphenylether and
octabromodiphenyl ether in suspended particulate matter (SPM), settled sediment and biota.
Polybrominated diphenylethers are not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. They
were analyzed in the JDS in suspended solids and sediment, but not detected in any of the samples.
It is recommended to check whether PBDEs are produced/used in industrial technologies in the
Danube River Basin. In reference to their potential major pathways they should be included into EMIS
inventory of municipal and industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted
investigations/surveys to check for their presence in specific stretches in the basin should be
performed. This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on
these findings it can be decided whether or not to include PBDEs in the TNMN programme for solid
phase (and biota).
Cadmium and its compounds
This heavy metal is EU WFD priority hazardous substance. Cadmium has a wide range of major
sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases (i) diffuse sources (atmospheric deposition
on the water surface, agricultural activities, transport and infrastructure without connection to
canalisation), (ii) point sources (households, consumer use, industrial activities such as zinc mining,
lead and zinc refining, manufacture of cadmium compounds, primary and secondary batteries,
pigments, stabilisers, phosphoric acid and/or phosphatic fertiliser from phosphatic rock, etc.), as well
as (iii) emissions to atmosphere from industry. AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on
monitoring matrices, yet. Cadmium is included in all revie wed data sets and detected in all matrices.
For a proper assessment of occurrence of cadmium of anthropogenic origin in the Danube River Basin
the estimation of natural background concentrations of cadmium in water, suspended particulate
matter (and sediments) should be done (including issues related to the spatial and temporal variability
of these background concentrations). Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep cadmium in all ICPDR
programmes (emission inventories of municipal and industrial point sources, TNMN monitoring in
water and suspended solids).
C10-13- Chloroalkanes
C10-13-Chloroalkanes (short-chain chlorinated paraffins, SCCPs) are polychlorinated n-alkanes with
chlorine content ranging from 49 to 70% by weight. The theoretical maximum number of positional
isomers calculated for n-CnH2n+2-zClz, assuming no more than one bound chlorine atom on an
carbon atom, for SCCPs is 7820. However, the complexity of mixture of C10-13- Chloroalkanes is
further enhanced because chlorine substitution at a secondary carbon atom usually produces a chiral
carbon atom so that enantiomers and diastereomers are generated. Furthermore, although the source
hydrocarbon skeletons are primarily n-alkanes, they can contain branched alkanes and also other
hydrocarbons, which increase the complexity of mixtures. Hence, it can be expected that commercial
mixtures of C10-13- chloroalkanes contain several thousands of compounds.
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 13
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
C10-13-Chloroalkanes are categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous substances. Major
sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases of C10-13-chloroalkanes are industrial point
sources to surface water (manufacture of metal working fluids, leather applications). AMPS has not
agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. C10-13- Chloroalkanes are not included in the
EMIS inventory or TNMN programme.
It is recommended to check whether C10-13-chloroalkanes are produced/used in industrial technologies
in the Danube River Basin. In reference to their potential major pathways they should be included into
EMIS inventory of industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted
investigations/surveys to check for their presence in specific stretches in the basin should be
performed. This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on
these findings it can be decided whether or not to include C10-13-chloroalkanes in the TNMN
programme for water and solid phase.
Chlorfenvinphos
This polar pesticide is EU WFD priority substance. Its major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of
total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse emission to surface waters and emission to atmosphere
including following atmospheric deposition on the water surface). AMPS agreed on recommendation
to monitor chlorfenvinphos in water. Chlorfenvinphos is not included in the EMIS inventory or
TNMN programme. It was measured in water during the JDS, but not detected in any of the samples.
It is recommended to check whether chlorfenvinphos is manufactured in the Danube River Basin
and/or used as a pesticide. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in considerable
quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific
stretches in the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into
account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided
whether or not to include chlorfenvinphos in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in
water.
Chlorpyrifos
This polar pesticide is categorised as EU WFD priority substance under review. Its major
sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse emission to
surface waters and emission to atmosphere). AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor
chlorpyrifos in water. Chlorpyrifos is not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It
was measured in water during the JDS, but not detected in any of the samples.
It is recommended to check whether chlorpyrifos is manufactured in the Danube River Basin and/or
used as a pesticide. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in considerable
quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific
stretches in the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into
account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided
whether or not to include chlorpyrifos in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in water.
1,2-Dichloroethane
This volatile chlorohydrocarbon is categorised as EU WFD priority substance. 1,2-Dichloroethane is
primarily released into atmosphere by industrial point sources (production of 1,2-dichloroethane and
its processing into, e.g., ethylene diamine, ethylene polyamine, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene
and perchloroethylene; degreasing of metals). AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor 1,2-
dichloroethane in water. 1,2-Dichloroethane is not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN
programme. It was measured in water during the JDS and it was detected in 18 from 99 the samples at
concentration levels of 0.1 10 µg/l.
It is recommended to check whether 1,2-dichloroethane is manufactured in the Danube River Basin. In
reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of industrial point
III - 14
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
sources. If it is used in considerable quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to
check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin, close to these regions where it is
produced/used. This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based
on these findings it can be decided whether or not to include 1,2-dichloroethane in the TNMN
programme as a separate determinand in water.
Dichloromethane
This volatile chlorohydrocarbon is categorised as EU WFD priority substance. Dichloromethane is
primarily released into atmosphere by industrial point sources (pharmaceutical industry). Direct
industrial point sources to surface waters are of minor importance. AMPS agreed on recommendation
to monitor dichloromethane in water. Dichloromethane is not included in the EMIS inventory or
TNMN programme. It was measured in water during the JDS, but not detected in any of water
samples.
It is recommended to check whether dichloromethane is manufactured in the Danube River Basin. In
reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of industrial point
sources. If it is used in considerable quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to
check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin, close to these regions where it is
produced/used. This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based
on these findings it can be decided whether or not to include dichloromethane in the TNMN
programme as a separate determinand in water.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)
This alkyl derivative of phthalic acid is categorised as EU WFD priority substance under review.
Major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate are
industrial and municipal point sources to surface water (run off from buildings and constructions in
paved urban area, e.g. from roofs containing PVC with DEHP; households & consumer use of PVC
with DEHP as stabiliser; production of DEHP and of PVC with DEHP as stabiliser). AMPS has not
agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate is not included in
the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in suspended solids/sediments during the
JDS and it was detected in almost all sediment samples at concentration levels of 0.032 170 mg/kg
and in all suspended solids at concentration levels of 0.021 3 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate is manufactured in the Danube River
Basin. In reference to its potential major pathways (especially a frequent consumer use) it should be
included into EMIS inventory of industrial and municipal point sources. If it is used in considerable
quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific
stretches in the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into
account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided
whether or not to include di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in the TNMN programme as a separate
determinand in water and solid phase.
Diuron
This polar pesticide is a EU WFD priority substance under review. Its major sources/pathways in
quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse emission to surface waters and
emission to atmosphere). AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor diuron in water. Diuron is not
included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in water during the JDS, but
not detected in any of water samples.
It is recommended to check whether diuron is manufactured in the Danube River Basin and/or used as
a pesticide. In reference to its major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of
agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in considerable quantities,
further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific stretches in
the basin, close to the regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into account during
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 15
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided whether or not to
include diuron in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in water.
Endosulfan (alpha-endosulphan)
This polar pesticide is a EU WFD priority substance under review. Its major sources/pathways in
quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse emission to surface waters).
AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Alpha-endosulphan is not
included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in water during the JDS, but
not detected in any of water samples.
It is recommended to check whether alpha-endosulphan is manufactured in the Danube River Basin
and/or used as a pesticide. In reference to its major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in cons iderable
quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific
stretches in the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into
account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided
whether or not to include alpha-endosulphan in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in
water.
Fluoranthene
This polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is a EU WFD priority substance. Fluoranthene has seve ral
major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases. Its major point sources are run off from
buildings and constructions in paved urban area (creosote treated timber) and large industrial sites
(power generation; primary aluminium productio n; iron and steel industry; production of creosote and
creosote treated timber; waste incineration; industrial combustion). The main non-point sources are
releases from materials and constructions in non-urban area (creosote treated timber), accidental oil
spills, transport and infrastructure without connection to canalisation and atmospheric deposition on
the water surface. Its emissions to atmosphere predominantly origin from traffic and infrastructure,
households and other consumer use, and from industry. AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on
monitoring matrices, yet. Fluoranthene is not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It
was measured in suspended solids/sediments during the JDS and detected in all sediment samples at
concentration levels of 0.001 0.876 mg/kg and in all suspended solid samples at concentration levels
of 0.0046 0.467 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether fluoranthene is produced/used in industrial technologies in the
Danube River Basin. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of municipal and industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted
investigations/surveys to check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed.
This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these
findings it can be decided whether or not to include Fluoranthene in the TNMN programme for water
and solid phase (suspended solids).
Hexachlorobenzene
This chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon is categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous substance. Its
major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse
emission to surface waters) and losses from historically contaminated (aquatic) soils. AMPS has not
agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Hexachlorobenzene is not included in the
EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured both in water and in suspended
solids/sediments during the JDS. During this survey hexachlorobenzene was not found in water and it
was detected in most of the sediment samples at concentration levels of 0.0001 2.6 mg/kg and in
most of the suspended solid samples at concentration levels of 0.002 0.0069 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether hexachlorobenzene is manufactured in the Danube River Basin
and/or used as a pesticide. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of agricultural and industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted
III - 16
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
investigations/surveys to check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed.
This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these
findings it can be decided whether or not to include hexachlorobenzene in the TNMN programme for
solid phase (suspended solids).
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexachlorobutadiene is categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous substance. There were identified
no major sources/pathways of total releases of hexachlorobutadiene. The industrial point-sources
(production of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene; solid waste treatment) and losses from
historically contaminated (aquatic) soils are considered to have only a minor importance. AMPS has
not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Hexachlorobutadiene is not included in
the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in suspended solids/sediments during the
JDS and its concentrations were below the detection limit in all analyzed samples.
It is recommended to check whether hexachlorobutadiene is manufactured in the Danube River Basin.
In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of industrial
point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted investigations/surveys to check for its
presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed. This should be taken into account
during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided whether or
not to include hexachlorobutadiene in the TNMN programme for solid phase (suspended solids).
Hexachlorocyclohexane (Lindane)
This chlorinated hydrocarbon is categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous substance. There is
evidence suggesting that lindane caused hormonal disruption. Its major sources/pathways in
quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse emission to surface waters,
emission to atmosphere including following atmospheric deposition on the water surface). Losses
from historically contaminated (aquatic) soils are considered to be of a minor importance. AMPS
agreed on recommendation to monitor lindane in water. Lindane is not included in the EMIS
inventory. Within TNMN programme it is monitored in sediments and water. Lindane was also
measured in water and in suspended solids/sediments during the JDS. During this survey Lindane was
not found in water and it was detected in 60% of the sediment samples at concentration levels of
0.0001 2.4 mg/kg and in 50% of the suspended solid samples at concentration levels of 0.0001
0.0058 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether Lindane is manufactured in the Danube River Basin and/or used
as a pesticide. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory
of agricultural and industrial point sources. It is recommended to keep lindane among TNMN
determinands to be analyzed in water and in solid phase.
Isoproturon
This polar pesticide is a EU WFD priority substance under review. Its major sources/pathways in
quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse emission to surface waters and
emission to atmosphere). AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor isoproturon in water.
Isoproturon is not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in water
during the JDS, but not detected in any of water samples.
It is recommended to check whether isoproturon is manufactured in the Danube River Basin and/or
used as a pesticide. In reference to its major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of
agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in considerable quantities,
further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific stretches in
the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into account during
national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided whether or not to
include isoproturon in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in water.
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 17
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
Lead and its compounds
This heavy metal is categorised as EU WFD priority substance under review. Lead has a wide range of
major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases diffuse sources (atmospheric
deposition on the water surface), industrial point sources (zinc production; calcium carbide
production; mining), as well as emissions to atmosphere from industry, traffic and infrastructure.
AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Lead is included in all
reviewed data sets and detected in all matrices.
For a sound assessment of occurrence of lead of anthropogenic origin in the Danube River Basin, an
estimation of natural background concentrations of lead in water, suspended particulate matter (and
sediments) should be done (including issues related to the spatial and temporal variability of these
background concentrations). Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep lead in all ICPDR programmes
(emission inventories of municipal and industrial point sources, TNMN monitoring in water and
suspended solids).
Mercury and its compounds
This heavy metal is categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous substance. Mercury has a wide range
of major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases diffuse sources (atmospheric
deposition on the water surface), industrial point sources (chemical industry using mercury catalysts;
processes involving the manufacture of organic and non-organic mercury compounds; mercury
recovery plants and extraction and refining of non-ferrous metals; plants for the treatment of toxic
waste containing mercury; production of steel; dental technologies), as well as emissions to
atmosphere from industry. AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet.
Mercury is included in all reviewed data sets and detected in all matrices. In JDS water samples
mercury was not detected due to high LOD of the applied analytical method.
For a proper assessment of occurrence of mercury of anthropogenic origin in the Danube River Basin
an estimation of natural background concentrations of mercury in water, suspended particulate matter
(and sediments) should be done (including issues related to the spatial and temporal variability of
these background concentrations). Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep mercury in all ICPDR
programmes (emission inventories of municipal and industrial point sources, TNMN monitoring in
water and suspended solids).
Naphthalene
This polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is categorised as EU WFD priority substance under review. The
major source in quantitative terms of total release of naphthalene is its emission to atmosphere. Direct
emissions from point and non-point sources into surface waters are considered to have only minor
importance. AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Naphthalene is
not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in suspended
solids/sediments during the JDS and detected in most of the sediment samples at concentration levels
of 0.0001 0.02 mg/kg and in approx. 60% of suspended solid samples at concentration levels of
0.001 0.039 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether naphthalene is produced/used in industrial technologies in the
Danube River Basin. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS
inventory of municipal and industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted
investigations/surveys to check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed.
This should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these
findings it can be decided whether or not to include naphthalene in the TNMN programme for water
and solid phase (suspended solids).
Nickel and its compounds
This heavy metal is categorised as EU WFD priority substance. Nickel is primarily released by
emissions to atmosphere from industry, traffic and infrastructure with following deposition to surface
III - 18
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
waters. AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Nickel is included in
all reviewed data sets and detected in all matrices.
For a proper assessment of occurrence of nickel of anthropogenic origin in the Danube River Basin an
estimation of natural background concentrations of nickel in water, suspended particulate matter (and
sediments) should be done (including issues related to the spatial and temporal variability of these
background concentrations). Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep nickel in all ICPDR
programmes (emission inventories of munic ipal and industrial point sources, TNMN monitoring in
water and suspended solids).
Nonylphenols
4-Nonylphenol (branched) and nonylphenol are categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous
substances. Nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates do exhibit estrogenic activity. For nonylphenol
ethoxylates the activity was found to increase with decreasing chain length, with nonylphenol showing
the greatest activity. Most of the tests indicate that estrogenic effects may start to occur at around 10-
20 µg/l. Commercially produced nonylphenols contain predominantly 4-nonylphenol with a varied
and undefined degree of branching in the alkyl group. Nonylphenols found in the environment do not
originate directly from a production process and from their direct use but they are usually degradation
products of the nonylphenol polyethoxylates (non-ionic surfactants).
Major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases of nonylphenols are industrial and
municipal point sources to surface water (domestic cleaning; use of water-based paints; use as
detergent / cleaning agent in industry; use in emulsion polymerisation and as auxiliaries by industrial
sectors for production of polymers, pulp- and paper, textiles, leather, paints, adhesives and plastics;
nonylphenols are absorbed by sewage sludge in treatment plants). AMPS has not agreed on
recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Nonylphenols are not included in the EMIS inventory
or TNMN programme. 4-iso-Nonylphenol was measured in suspended solids/sediments during the
JDS and it was detected in almost all sediment samples at concentration levels of 0.006 160 mg/kg
and in almost all suspended solids at concentration levels of 0.015 1.4 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether nonylphenols are manufactured and/or used at manufacturing of
non-ionic surfactants in the Danube River Basin. In reference to their potential major pathways they
should be included into EMIS inventory of industrial and municipal point sources. If they are used in
considerable quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for their
presence in specific stretches in the basin, close to these regions where they are produced/used. This
should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it
can be decided whether or not to include nonylphenols in the TNMN programme as a separate
determinand in a solid phase.
Octylphenols
Octylphenols (para-tert-octylphenol) are categorised as EU WFD priority substances under review.
Para-tert-octylphenol is a substance with evidence of endocrine disrupting potential. Octylphenols
found in the environment do not originate directly from a production process and from their direct use
but they are usually degradation products of the octylphenol polyethoxylates (non-ionic surfactants).
Major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases of octylphenols are industrial and
municipal point sources to surface water (domestic cleaning; use of water-based paints; use as
detergent / cleaning agent in industry; use in emulsion polymerisation and as auxiliaries by industrial
sectors for production of polymers, pulp- and paper, textiles, leather, paints, printing inks and
pesticides). AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Octylphenols are
not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. Para-tert-octylphenol was measured in
suspended solids/sediment during the JDS and it was detected in ca. half of the sediment samples at
concentration levels of 0.005 1.7 mg/kg. It was not detected in suspended solids.
It is recommended to check whether octylphenols are manufactured and/or used in manufacturing of
non-ionic surfactants in the Danube River Basin. In reference to their potential major pathways they
should be included into EMIS inventory of industrial and municipal point sources. If they are used in
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 19
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
considerable quantities, further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for their
presence in specific stretches in the basin, close to these regions where they are produced/used. This
should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it
can be decided whether or not to include octylphenols in the TNMN programme as a separate
determinand in a solid phase.
Pentachlorobenzene
This chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon is categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous substance. Its
major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse
emission to surface waters and emissions to atmosphere). AMPS has not agreed on recommendation
on monitoring matrices, yet. Pentachlorobenzene is not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN
programme. It was measured in suspended solids/sediments during the JDS. During this survey
pentachlorobenzene was detected in almost all sediment samples at concentration levels of 0.0001
3.5 mg/kg and in most of the suspended solid samples at concentration levels of 0.001 0.028 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether pentachlorobenzene is manufactured in the Danube River Basin
and/or used as a pesticide (also to check its possible occurrence as impurity in pesticide quintozene).
In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of agricultural
and industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted investigations/surveys to
check for its presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed. This should be taken into
account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided
whether or not to include pentachlorobenzene in the TNMN programme for monitoring of a solid
phase.
Pentachlorophenol
Pentachlorophenol is categorised as EU WFD priority substance under review. Its major
sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are industrial activities (point source emission
to surface waters from production of wood and heavy textile). AMPS agreed on recommendation to
monitor pentachlorophenol in water. Pentachlorophenol is not included in the EMIS in ventory or
TNMN programme. It was measured in suspended solids/sediments during the JDS and its
concentrations were below the detection limit in all analyzed samples.
It is recommended to check whether pentachlorophenol is manufactured in the Danube River Basin.
In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of industrial
point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted investigations/surveys to check for its
presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed. This should be taken into account
during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided whether or
not to include pentachlorophenol in the TNMN programme for monitoring of a solid phase.
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are EU WFD priority hazardous substances. They have several
major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases. Their major point sources are run off
from buildings and constructions in paved urban area and large industrial sites (power generation;
production of creosote and creosote treated timber; waste incineration; industrial combustion). The
main non-point sources are releases from materials and constructions in non-urban area (creosote
treated timber), accidental oil spills, transport and infrastructure without connection to canalisation and
atmospheric deposition on the water surface. Their emissions to atmosphere predominantly origin
from traffic and infrastructure, households and other consumer use, as well as from industry. AMPS
has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. PAHs are not included in the EMIS
inventory. They are included TNMN programme (analysis in sediments). They were measured in
suspended solids/sediments during the JDS and detected in all sediment / suspended solid samples.
Their summary concentrations in sediments were mostly below 2 mg/kg, none of the samples had
PAH contamination higher than 20 mg/kg.
III - 20
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
It is recommended to assess the use of PAHs in the Danube River Basin. In reference to their potential
major pathways they should be included into EMIS inventory of municipal and industrial point
sources. It is recommended to keep PAHs among TNMN determinands to be analyzed in a solid
phase.
Simazine
This polar pesticide is a EU WFD priority substance under review and it is a substance with evidence
on endocrine disrupting potential. Its major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are
agricultural activities (diffuse emission to surface waters and emission to atmosphere). AMPS agreed
on recommendation to monitor simazine in water. Simazine is not included in the EMIS inventory or
TNMN programme. It was measured in water during the JDS, but not detected in any of water
samples.
It is recommended to check where simazine is manufactured in the Danube River Basin and/or used as
a pesticide. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of
agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in considerable quantities,
further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific stretches in
the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into account during
national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided whether or not to
include simazine in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in water. It seems to be not
relevant to analyze simazine in solid phase, due to its polarity.
Tributyltin compounds (tributyltin cation)
Tributyltin compounds (tributyltin cation) are categorised as EU WFD priority hazardous substances.
Major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases of tributyltin compounds are diffuse
sources to surface water from transport and infrastructure without connection to canalisation (leaching
antifouling on ship hulls). AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet.
Tributyltin compounds are not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. They were
measured in suspended solids/sediments during the JDS and it was detected in approx. half of
sediment samples at concentration levels of 0.002 0.04 mg/kg and in approx. half of suspended
solids at concentration levels of 0.002 0.02 mg/kg.
It is recommended to check whether tributyltin compounds are manufactured in the Danube River
Basin (even though their manufacturing plants are considered to have negligible importance as
emission sources). In reference to their potential major pathways they should be included into EMIS
inventory of industrial point sources. Their inclusion into inventory of diffuse sources is also
recommended. Regardless to results of emission inventories further targeted investigations/surveys are
necessary to check for the presence of tributyltin compounds in specific stretches in the basin. This
should be taken into account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it
can be decided whether or not to include tributyltin compounds in the TNMN programme as a separate
determinand in a solid phase.
Trichlorobenzenes (1,2,3-TCB; 1,2,4-TCB; 1,3,5-TCB)
These chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons are categorised as EU WFD priority substances under
review. Their major sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are industrial activities
(large industrial point sources - production and or processing of chlorobenzenes via chlorination
and/or using TCB as chemical intermediate). AMPS agreed on recommendation to monitor
trichlorobenzenes in water. Trichlorobenzenes are not included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN
programme. They were measured in water during the JDS and detected only in three samples at
concentration levels of 0.1 0.6 µg/l (summary concentration) and 0.1 0.5 µg/l (1,2,4-TCB).
It is recommended to check whether trichlorobenzenes are manufactured in the Danube River Basin.
In reference to their potential major pathways they should be included into EMIS inventory of
industrial point sources. Based on the emission data, further targeted investigations/surveys to check
for its presence in specific stretches in the basin should be performed. This should be taken into
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 21
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
account during national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided
whether or not to include trichlorobenzenes in the TNMN programme for water.
Trichloromethane
This volatile chlorohydrocarbon is categorised as EU WFD priority substance. Trichloromethane is
primarily released by point sources to surface waters (industrial sources - production of chloroform;
plants using chloroform as solvent or in which cooling water or effluents are chlorinated) and it is also
released into atmosphere by industrial point sources with following atmospheric deposition on the
water surface. Emissions from households and consumer use are of minor importance. AMPS agreed
on recommendation to monitor trichloromethane in water. Trichloromethane is not included in the
EMIS inventory. It is monitored within TNMN programme in water. It was measured in water during
the JDS and detected in ca. 40% of samples at concentration levels of 0.1 1.3 µg/l.
It is recommended to check whether trichloromethane is manufactured in the Danube River Basin. In
reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory of industrial point
sources. It is recommended to keep trichloromethane among TNMN determinands to be analyzed in
water.
Trifluralin
This polar pesticide is categorised as EU WFD priority substance under review. Its major
sources/pathways in quantitative terms of total releases are agricultural activities (diffuse emission to
surface waters and emission to atmosphere with following atmospheric deposition on the water
surface). AMPS has not agreed on recommendation on monitoring matrices, yet. Trifluralin is not
included in the EMIS inventory or TNMN programme. It was measured in water during the JDS, but
not detected in any of the samples.
It is recommended to check whether trifluralin is manufactured in the Danube River Basin and/or used
as a pesticide. In reference to its potential major pathways it should be included into EMIS inventory
of agricultural diffuse sources and of industrial point sources. If it is used in considerable quantities,
further targeted investigations/surveys are necessary to check for its presence in specific stretches in
the basin, close to these regions where it is produced/used. This should be taken into account during
national EU WFD monitoring surveys. Based on these findings it can be decided whether or not to
include trifluralin in the TNMN programme as a separate determinand in water.
Danube Specific Priority Substances (As, Co, Zn, Cr)
These heavy metals are not EU WFD priority substances but were agreed upon as specific for the
Danube River Basin. They are included in all reviewed data sets and were detected in all matrices.
For a sound assessment of occurrence of As, Co, Zn, Cr of anthropogenic origin in the Danube River
Basin an estimation of natural background concentrations of these heavy metals in water, suspended
particulate matter (and sediments) should be performed (including issues related to the spatial and
temporal variability of these background concentrations). Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep As,
Co, Zn, Cr in all ICPDR programmes (emission inventories of municipal and industrial point sources,
TNMN monitoring in water and suspended solids).
General Parameters (COD, NH4, N, P)
These determinands are included as a special category in the Danube List of Priority Substances. They
are included in all reviewed data sets and detected in all investigated matrices (with the exception of
COD within the JDS). Nitrogen is in EMIS inventories reported to as total N, in the TNMN data it is
expressed in terms of organic N and its inorganic forms (NH4, NO3, NO2).
It is recommended to keep COD, NH4, N and P in the ICPDR programmes under current structure. In
case of nitrogen it is worth of consideration to provide information on total N from TNMN / load
programme (Yearbooks) so that a better comparison with EMIS data could be done.
III - 22
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 23
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
Annexes
III - 24
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 25
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
Annex 1
Table 1 Comparison of data in the ICPDR Information System water.
EU WFD
Danube priority
Emission
priority
substances
TNMN
JDS
inventories
substances
Alachlor
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Anthracene
µg/l
µg/l
Atrazine
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
Benzene
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
Brominated diphenylethers
µg/l
µg/l
Cadmium and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
C10-13-chloroalkanes
µg/l
µg/l
Chlorfenvinphos
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Chlorpyrifos
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
1,2-Dichloroethane
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
Dichloromethane
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)
µg/l
µg/l
Diuron
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Endosulfan
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
(alpha-endosulfan)
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Fluoranthene
µg/l
µg/l
Hexachlorobenzene
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Hexachlorobutadiene
µg/l
µg/l
Hexachlorocyclohexane
µg/l
µg/l
(gamma-isomer, Lindane)
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Isoproturon
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Lead and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
Mercury and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
t/a
Naphthalene
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Nickel and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
Nonylphenols
µg/l
µg/l
(4-(para)-nonylphenol)
µg/l
µg/l
Octylphenols
µg/l
µg/l
(para-tert-octylphenol)
µg/l
µg/l
Pentachlorobenzene
µg/l
µg/l
Pentachlorophenol
µg/l
µg/l
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons
µg/l
µg/l
(Benzo(a)pyrene)
µg/l
µg/l
(Benzo(b)fluoranthene)
µg/l
µg/l
(Benzo(g,h,i)perylene)
µg/l
µg/l
(Benzo(k)fluoranthene)
µg/l
µg/l
(Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene)
µg/l
µg/l
Simazine
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Tributyltin compounds
µg/l
µg/l
(Tributyltin-cation)
µg/l
µg/l
Trichlorobenzenes
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
(1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene)
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
Trichloromethane (Chloroform)
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
Trifluralin
µg/l
µg/l
n.d.
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
mg/l
mg/l
t/a
Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH4-N)
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
t/a
Organic Nitrogen
mg/l
mg/l
Total Nitrogen (tot N)
mg/l
t/a
Total Phosphorus (tot P)
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
t/a
Arsenic and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
Copper and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
Zinc and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
Chromium and its compounds
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
p,p'DDT
µg/l
Carbon tetrachloride
µg/l
µg/l
Trichloroethylene
µg/l
µg/l
Tetrachloroethylene
µg/l
µg/l
Iron
mg/l
t/a
Manganese
mg/l
t/a
Magnesium
mg/l
t/a
Aluminium
µg/l
µg/l
t/a
Sulphates
mg/l
t/a
Phenols
mg/l
t/a
Fluorides
t/a
III - 26
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
Table 1 cont.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons
mg/l
t/a
Chlorides
mg/l
t/a
Detergents
mg/l
t/a
Sulfide
t/a
Formaldehyde
t/a
Methanol
t/a
AOX
µg/l
t/a
Nonpolar extractables
t/a
Dissolved inorganic substances
t/a
Chlorinated hydrocarbons
t/a
Suspended solids
mg/l
mg/l
t/a
Nitrate (NO3-N)
mg/l
mg/l
t/a
Nitrite (NO2-N)
mg/l
mg/l
t/a
Ortho-phosphate (PO4-P)
mg/l
mg/l
t/a
Active chlorine
t/a
Dissolved silicate
mg/l
t/a
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Analysis of the results of the EMIS inventory and their comparison with TNMN and JDS results
III 27
with particular attention to the EU Priority List of Pollutants
Annex 2
Table 2 - Comparison of data in the ICPDR Information System suspended solids and sediments.
EU WFD
Danube priority
Emission
priority
substances
TNMN
JDS
inventories
substances
Anthracene
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Atrazine
µg/kg
µg/kg
Brominated diphenylethers
mg/kg
mg/kg
n.d.
Cadmium and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
C10-13-chloroalkanes
µg/kg
µg/kg
n.a.
Chlorpyrifos
µg/kg
µg/kg
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
Endosulfan
µg/kg
µg/kg
(alpha-endosulfan)
µg/kg
µg/kg
Fluoranthene
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Hexachlorobenzene
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Hexachlorobutadiene
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Lindane (gamma HCH)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
Lead and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
Mercury and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
Naphthalene
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Nickel and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
Nonylphenols
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
(4-(para)-nonylphenol)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Octylphenols
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
(para-tert-octylphenol)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Pentachlorobenzene
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Pentachlorophenol
µg/kg
µg/kg
n.d.
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
(Benzo(a)pyrene)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
(Benzo(b)fluoranthene)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
(Benzo(g,h,i)perylene)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
(Benzo(k)fluoranthene)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
(Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
Simazine
µg/kg
µg/kg
Tributyltin compounds
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
(Tributyltin-cation)
µg/kg
µg/kg
mg/kg
Trichlorobenzenes
µg/kg
µg/kg
(1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene)
µg/kg
µg/kg
Trichloromethane (Chloroform)
µg/kg
µg/kg
Trifluralin
µg/kg
µg/kg
Organic Nitrogen
mg/kg
mg/kg
Total Nitrogen (tot N)
mg/kg
t/a
Total Phosphorus (tot P)
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
Arsenic and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
Copper and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
Zinc and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
Chromium and its compounds
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
p,p'DDT
mg/kg
mg/kg
PCB
mg/kg
mg/kg
Petroleum Hydrocarbons
mg/kg
mg/kg
t/a
III - 28
UNDP/GEF Danube Regional Project
RODECO Consulting GmbH