ANNEX A INCREMENTAL COST ANALYSIS
Broad Development Goal
A1.
The countries of the West Indian Ocean region, both continental and island, face strong
environmental degradation, much of it Transboundary in nature. Though possessing different socio-
economic conditions, and on differing development paths, the threats to their common environment
provide the glue that sustain the dialogue amongst these states. Working under the Nairobi Convention,
the countries have agreed to face these Transboundary environmental threats together. The major
perceived problems and issues that the countries have identified are:
1. Shortage and contamination of fresh water
2. Decline in harvests of marine living resources
3. Degradation of coastal habitats (mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs), loss of biodiversity.
4. Overall water quality decline: Contamination of coastal waters, beaches and living resources.
This project addresses primarily MPPI 3. and 4.
A2.
The broad development environmental goal of this project is to ensure environmentally-
sustainable management and development of the West Indian Ocean region, by reducing land-
based activities that harm rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters.
Baseline
A3.
The WIO is an important global resource. Vast areas of coral reefs, extensive mangrove forests,
and abundant offshore seagrass beds provide living resources and habitat for a number of globally
threatened species. These habitats and the living resources are threatened by land-based activities, which
provide increased sediment loads, contaminant loads, and altered river flow. These activities also directly
affect the habitat, by dredging, filling, and clearing of habitats, and by harming habitats by overfishing,
using harmful fishing techniques (e.g., poison and dynamite). Each country has its own legal/regulatory
structure to address these issues, but none has a National Programme of Action for GPA, and there is no
Protocol with annexes for their Nairobi Convention. Global benefits can be optimized by incremental
improvements to the national approaches.
A4.
The West Indian countries are signatories to many, but not all, international environmental
conventions and agreements. They require assistance in convincing their governments to commit to
conventions they have not yet ratified, and to prepare their Enabling Activities to go along with
ratification.
A5.
Regional monitoring and collaboration in the area of Transboundary issues is weak. A formal
structure is present: the Nairobi Convention. What is missing are mechanisms to provide this
collaboration, in the form of a project coordination unit, regionally agreed environmental quality
standards, regionally agreed environmental monitoring protocols and methods, and the like. Effective
regional assessments of these Transboundary issues are often not possible because of this lack of
coordination.
A6.
The full participation in the Nairobi Convention, and full ratification in 1999, demonstrates the
region's willingness to work together. South Africa is endeavoring to join the Convention. This national
willingness provides a strong foundation for further regional cooperative efforts.
- A-1 -
A7.
A substantial proportion of the assured co-financing by governments is derived from the existing
staff and recurrent budgets of the involved ministries and government departments. It is anticipated that
project activities will strengthen the influence of these ministries at a national level and hence encourage
substantial increases in the recurrent budgets of the departments concerned in the future. The countries
already contribute financially to regionally coordinated actions and such contributions are anticipated to
increase as a consequence of this project.
Global Environmental Objectives
A9.
This project is a result of the participating countries' commitment to address the land-based
threats to prevent further damage to the WIO's transboundary environmental resources. The global
environmental objective being pursued is to improve sectoral policies and activities that are responsible
for the most serious root causes of priority transboundary environmental concerns of the WIO.
A10.
The establishment of a WIO-wide cooperative regime for land-based activities will contribute to
environmentally sustainable economic development in and around the region. An ad hoc system of
national level measures to manage land-based sources will be unsuccessful when applied to a contiguous
natural system such as the WIO unless a regional coordination mechanism exists. This project will
strengthen that mechanism.
A11.
The rich biodiversity of mammals, corals, turtles, birds, and other marine species in the WIO
represents a major contribution to the overall biodiversity of the western Indian Ocean, and consequently
to global biodiversity. In order to avoid further losses of biodiversity in the Indian Ocean, the health of
this degraded ecosystem must be improved, and National Plans of Action, and Regional Protocol on
Land-Based sources, must be agreed upon and implemented.
A12. By providing a framework for the reduction and elimination of land-based sources of
contamination, the project will contribute to reductions in the levels and impacts of pollution in the global
environment.
A13.
This project will create the necessary conditions and framework for concerted actions to protect
globally important environmental resources. The present project is consistent with the GEF Operational
Strategy of April 1996, specifically with the GEF's strategic emphasis on International Waters and
Biodiversity, as well as April 1997 GEF Operational Programme (#9) for integrated land and water
multiple focal area; contaminant-based, and coastal and freshwater ecosystems. The project will
incorporate the priorities delineated in the relevant environmental agreements to which any or all of the
participating countries are involved.
GEF Project Activities
A14.
Under the alternative GEF scenario, the development processes and forces are re-shaped in order
to safeguard the globally important environment. This would be accomplished by GEF provision of
catalytic support for incremental costs associated with the revision of the Transboundary Diagnostic
Analysis (TDA) and Strategic Action Programme (SAP) for the Western Indian Ocean. The SAP consists
of a set of legal, policy and institutional reforms and investments, together with capacity building and
institutional strengthening, to address the priority transboundary concern of land-based sources as
identified in the preliminary TDA.
A15.
In particular, the project will provide technical assistance to strengthen both national and regional
capacities for the implementation of the SAP. The SAP will rely on the cost-effectiveness of joint efforts
- A-2 -
made by the participating countries. In addition, cooperative programmes in data sharing and legislative
reforms will be conducted to enhance regional collaboration to implement the SAP.
A16. The incremental cost of the alternative activities of this project will ensure that all plans and
investments will be designed with global environmental considerations in mind.
A17.
The GEF alternative would support a regionally led initiative to promote the management and
conservation of the coastal and marine resources of the WIO. It would greatly facilitate the abilities of
co-operating countries to address transboundary environmental issues and common natural resources
management concerns at the regional level. The GEF alternative would allow for the realization of a
dynamic action-oriented work programme for the successful implementation of the SAP, to be undertaken
on an accelerated basis with support from a variety of sources. These goals would be realized through
support for the following specific immediate project objectives:
I.
Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving water and sediment quality.
II.
Strengthen regional legal basis for preventing land-based sources of pollution,
including through the implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the
Protection of the Marine Environment from land-based Activities.
III.
Develop regional capacity and strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
development, including the implementation of the Nairobi Convention and its action
plan as approved by participating Governments.
A18.
This project has leveraged approximately US$ 6,902,325 (3,131,675 from countries, plus 375,000
from UNEP, plus 3,395,650 from Norway) from governments to finance the activities of GEF/SAP focal
points, provide logistical support and personnel, set-up institutional arrangements, provide sourcing of
information, and support consultations, meetings and missions. The participating states have provided
estimates of their co-financing to the project as follows:
Comoros
US$
550,000
Kenya
US$ 1,616,675
Madagascar
US$
58,000
Mauritius
US$
120,000
Mozambique
US$
235,000
Seychelles
US$
60,000
South Africa
US$
170,000
Tanzania
US$
322,000
UNEP
US$
375,000
Norway
US$
3,395,650
Total
US$ 6,902,325
A19. In addition to this baseline and co-financing, ongoing activities by UNEP in the region will
contribute to the WIO programme.
System Boundary
The area of intervention is defined as follows:
A20. The continental and island countries of the West Indian Ocean, including Kenya, Tanazania,
Mozambique, South Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, Mauritius, and Seychelles.
- A-3 -
A21.
The approximate marine boundaries are a line connecting the Eastern Cape Provincial Boundary
in South Africa (23.643°E, 33.834°S) to the southern tip of Madagascar; the equator from the Kenya coast
east to E63°30' degrees longitude, south to the Tropic of Capricorn, and west to Madagascar.
A22.
The coastal/upland boundary is defined as the limits of the drainage basins of the Transboundary
rivers.
- A-4 -
ANNEX A INCREMENTAL COST MATRIX
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
I) Reduce stress
Ia) Establish common
Baseline $3,627,932
Each country has its own monitoring methods in
Some data are available for global assessments, though they
to the ecosystem
methods for assessing
place.
are only weakly comparable, and lack adequate quality
by improving
water and sediment
assurance/quality control.
water and
quality, including
sediment quality
bioassays of coastal
biota
Alternative
$4,014,718
Common methods of assessment will enhance
Regional assessments can be made only based on a
comparability of the data, permitting easier
common methodology, which will result from the
exchange with other countries, and allow regional
alternative.
assessments.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$209,686
GEF Co-finance
$177,100
I) Reduce stress
Ib) Fill gaps in
Baseline
$3,108,732
Each country has its own approach for identifying
Regional assessment is difficult since data are neither
to the ecosystem
knowledge of priority
priority pollutions, and sources of concern.
consistent nor uniform.
by improving
pollutants (contaminant
water and
levels) and major
sediment quality
sources of pollutants
(contaminant inputs)
Alternative
$3,502,542
Countries can proceed with Plan of Action with full
Regional solutions will be able to focus on defined, agreed
and complete knowledge of priority pollutants and
priority pollutants and activities, based on full knowledge.
their relative contributions to "risk".
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$168,810
GEF Co-finance
$225,000
I) Reduce stress
Ic) Estimate the
Baseline
$964,500
No activities being carried out in the baseline.
No activities ongoing in the baseline.
to the ecosystem
carrying capacity of the
by improving
coastal waters, using an
water and
ecosystem-based
sediment quality
approach
Alternative
$1,112,700
Countries will be able to make decisions on
Regional assessments can be made based on the knowledge
priorities of pollutants and land-based activities
of regional carrying capacities, so effort and budget are
with knowledge of the carrying capacity of the
expended on the priority pollutants and activities.
waters for that activity/pollutant.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$97,500
GEF Co-finance
$50,700
- A-5 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
I) Reduce stress
Id) Determine coastal
Baseline
$256,000
National programs for hot spot analysis is largely
No regional assessment can be made from the spotty national
to the ecosystem
hot spots of pollution
reactionary, and not pro-active.
data available.
by improving
water and
sediment quality
Alternative
$407,500
Countries can benefit from formal hot spot analysis
Regional assessments and Plan of Action can be done only
by prioritizing budget expenditures on the basis of
with this full regional hot spot analysis.
real knowledge
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$120,500
GEF Co-finance
$31,000
I) Reduce stress
Ie) Establish regional
Baseline
$494,000
Countries don't have overarching EQOs. Each
Regional activities are hampered by lack of uniformity and
to the ecosystem
Environmental Quality
country has own water quality standards, but they
consistency of national approaches to water quality standards.
by improving
Objectives and
are neither complete nor uniform.
water and
Environmental Quality
sediment quality
Standards (EQO/EQS)
for water and sediment
quality
Alternative
$620,343
The countries would have formalized processes for
Regional actions will benefit from uniform standards and
water quality standards, covering the priority
approaches to water quality standards.
contaminants, that are uniform with neighboring
countries.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$100,593
GEF Co-finance
$25,750
I) Reduce stress
If) Develop compliance
Baseline
$1,292,000
Each country at present has its own approach to
Regional benefits cannot be accrued from existing piecemeal
to the ecosystem
and long-term trend
compliance monitoring, may or may not have trend
monitoring programs, which vary from country-to-country.
by improving
monitoring protocols
monitoring, and has a different reporting protocol
water and
and reporting (requires
(method, frequency, media)
sediment quality
data base management
and decision-support
systems)
Alternative
$2,174,900
A standardized monitoring protocol and reporting
Regional assessments of water quality will be possible only
mechanism will be closer to international standards,
with standardized approach to monitoring, methods of
and ease cross-border exchange of data and
monitoring, and data reporting.
information.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$736,900
GEF Co-finance
$146000
- A-6 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
I) Reduce stress
Ig) Implement
Baseline
$4,133,300
Few national activities of this sort take place in
Few national activities of this sort take place in baseline
to the ecosystem
demonstration projects
baseline conditions.
conditions.
by improving
for major land-based
water and
activities and pollutant
sediment quality
sources
Alternative
$5,140,480
Each country will benefit from knowledge gained
The Regional Plan of Action (Protocol to Nairobi
from demonstration projects in the region, as the
Convention) will benefit from having standardized and
information will be widely available and widely
demonstrated methods for controlling land based activities.
shared, and can assist in countries making
investment decisions for controlling land based
activities under the Programmes of Action.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$413,500
GEF Co-finance
$593,680
I) Reduce stress
Ih) Develop guidelines
Baseline
Wastewater guidelines do not currently exist and
Wastewater guidelines do not currently exist and few national
to the ecosystem
on best practices and
few national activities of this sort take place in
activities of this sort take place in baseline conditions.
by improving
procedures to address
baseline conditions.
water and
wastewater and
sediment quality
implement
demonstration projects
Increment
Each country will benefit from knowledge gained
The Regional Plan of Action (Protocol to Nairobi
Norway Co-finance
$1,237,350
from demonstration projects in the region, as the
Convention) will benefit from having guidelines on best
information will be widely available and widely
practices and procedures to address wastewater.
shared, and can assist countries in making
investment decisions on wastewater treatment under
the Programmes of Action.
I) Reduce stress
Ii) Implement action in
Baseline
Few national activities of this sort take place in
Few national activities of this sort take place in baseline
to the ecosystem
specific locations to
baseline conditions.
conditions.
by improving
reduce and prevent
water and
degradation of the
sediment quality
coastal and marine
environment caused by
physical alteration and
destruction of habitats
Increment
Each country will benefit from knowledge gained
The Regional Plan of Action (Protocol to Nairobi
Norway Co-finance
$632,800
from demonstration projects in the region, as the
Convention) will benefit from having demonstrated methods
information will be widely available and widely
for reducing and preventing degradation of the coastal and
shared and can assist countries in making
marine environment caused by physical alteration and
investment decisions on activities to reduce and
destruction of habitats.
prevent the physical alteration and destruction of
habitats under the Programmes of Action.
I) Reduce stress
Total Comoros
GOV Co-finance
$245,000
to the ecosystem
Total Kenya
GOV Co-finance
$1,164,489
by improving
- A-7 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
by improving
Total Madagascar
GOV Co-finance
$26,000
water and
Total Mauritius
GOV Co-finance
$40,000
sediment quality
Total Mozambique
GOV Co-finance
$110,000
Total Seychelles
GOV Co-finance
$22,000
Total South Africa
GOV Co-finance
$110,000
Total Tanzania
GOV Co-finance
$170,000
Total Objective
GOV Co-finance
$1,887,489
II) Strengthen
Iia) Review gaps in
Baseline
$502,250
Not a part of the baseline program.
Not a part of the baseline program.
regional legal
national legislation/
basis for
regulatory frameworks
preventing land-
based sources of
pollution,
including
through the
implementation
of the GPA
Alternative
$613,322
An independent review of the national legal/
Regional benefits will accrue from knowing comparability
regulatory regime will assist the country in focusing
and extent of harmonization of laws, so interventions can
improvements to the regime in those areas where
focus on improving those weaknesses to assure global
the gaps are the widest.
benefits
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$72,062
GEF Co-finance
$39,010
II) Strengthen
Iib) Review status of
Baseline
$1,246,500
Not a part of the baseline program.
Not a part of the baseline program.
regional legal
ratification of
basis for
appropriate
preventing land-
international
based sources of
conventions by
pollution,
countries, and assist
including
countries in developing
through the
plans for ratifying those
implementation
not yet ratified
of the GPA
Alternative
$1,428,450
Countries can benefit from assistance in
Global benefits will arise from broader subscription of the
understanding the benefits of participation in
WIO countries to global conventions.
international conventions, and assistance in drafting
enabling activities for their participation.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$117,200
GEF Co-finance
$64,750
- A-8 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
II) Strengthen
Iic) Implement
Baseline
$3,240,000
There is no baseline activity in this area.
Not a part of the baseline program.
regional legal
effective regional EIA
basis for
processes
preventing land-
based sources of
pollution,
including
through the
implementation
of the GPA
Alternative
$3,370,500
Countries will benefit from a regional EIA process
Regional EIA process will help assure broad input to major
because countries could express their opinions and
developments having strong Transboundary impacts.
concerns on development projects that may have
Transboundary impacts to their own countries (e.g.,
river regulation, water use, major industries, etc.)
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$68,500
GEF Co-finance
$62,000
II) Strengthen
Iid) Assist countries in
Baseline
$681,500
Only a few of the WIO countries are considering
Only a few of the WIO countries are considering National
regional legal
developing realistic and
National Programmes of Action, due to absence of
Programmes of Action, due to absence of funding.
basis for
regionally integrated
funding.
preventing land-
National Programmes
based sources of
of Action for land-
pollution,
based sources and
including
activities
through the
implementation
of the GPA
Alternative
$978,800
A National Programme of Action will serve as a
If each country has a National Programme of Action, it will
blueprint for the country to improve its
signal their commitment to controlling land-based activities
environment, by controlling land-based sources.
contributing to Transboundary water degradation.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$113,200
GEF Co-finance
$184,100
Norway Co-finance
$429,400
- A-9 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
II) Strengthen
Iie) Develop and obtain
Baseline
$214,500
Not a part of the baseline at present, though at the
Not a part of the baseline at present, though at the previous
regional legal
approval for Protocol to
previous COP, the Meeting agreed that this Protocol
COP, the Meeting agreed that this Protocol is to be
basis for
the Nairobi Convention
is to be developed.
developed.
preventing land-
with Annexes, on Land
based sources of
Based Activities and
pollution,
Sources of Pollution
including
through the
implementation
of the GPA
Alternative
$407,782
Each country will benefit from a Regional Protocol,
A regional agreement will globalize the benefits of National
as it will assure that neighboring countries won't
Programmes of Action, by setting common standards,
degrade their own national resources.
common activities of concern, common levels of
commitment, and common activities amongst all countries.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$54,562
GEF Co-finance
$138,720
II) Strengthen
Iif) Promote and
Baseline
$0
ICARM principles not currently being applied in
ICARM principles not currently being applied in the region.
regional legal
enhance the integrated
the region.
basis for
management of river
preventing land-
basin and coastal zone
based sources of
through application of
pollution,
the ICARM principles
including
through the
implementation
of the GPA
Increment
Each country will benefit from knowledge gained
The Regional Plan of Action (Protocol to Nairobi
Norway Co-finance
$418,100
from the pilot project in the region and experiences
Convention) will benefit from having demonstrated methods
shared with other freshwater-coast cases in sub-
integrated management of river basin and coastal zone.
Saharan Africa, as the information will be widely
available and widely shared. This can assist
countries in making policy decisions on the
integrated management of river basin and coastal
zone under the Programmes of Action.
- A-10 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
II) Strengthen
Iig) Establish a
Baseline
$0
No IW coordination mechanism currently exists.
No part of the baseline
regional legal
regional coordinating
basis for
mechanism between
preventing land-
GEF IW projects
based sources of
pollution,
including
through the
implementation
of the GPA
Alternative
$150,000
Better utilization of scarce GEF resources
More effective use of GEF resources will help maximize
global environmental benefits by minimizing overlap.
Increment
$150,000
II) Strengthen
Total Comoros
GOV Co-finance
$155,000
regional legal
Total Kenya
GOV Co-finance
$107,024
basis for
Total Madagascar
GOV Co-finance
$7,500
preventing land-
Total Mauritius
GOV Co-finance
$40,000
based sources of
Total Mozambique
GOV Co-finance
$30,000
pollution,
Total Seychelles
GOV Co-finance
$26,000
including
Total South Africa
GOV Co-finance
$25,000
through the
Total Tanzania
GOV Co-finance
$75,000
implementation
Total Objective
GOV Co-finance
$465,524
of the GPA
III) Develop
IIIa) Establish small
Baseline
$200,100
There is no baseline for this activity.
At the end of the project, the Nairobi Convention Secretariat
regional
GEF project unit within
will have the capacity to execute projects.
capacity and
Nairobi Convention
strengthen
Secretariat in Nairobi
institutions for
for managing the
sustainable, less
GEF/UNEP project
polluting
development,
including the
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Alternative
$1,354,851
A GEF project unit will bring additional resources
A GEF project unit will catalyze and coordinate all WIO
and capacity to the region, to address land-based
countries towards reduction in land-based sources.
sources.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$94,700
GEF Co-finance
$685,051
UNEP Co-finance
$375,000
- A-11 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
III) Develop
IIIb) Strengthen
Baseline
The EAF/RCU has a limited capacity for serving as
The EAF/RCU has a limited capacity for serving as the
regional
EAF/RCU as the
the Regional Seas coordinating unit for all regional
Regional Seas coordinating unit for all regional policies and
capacity and
recognized and
policies and activities related to coastal and marine
activities related to coastal and marine resources.
strengthen
effective Regional Seas
resources.
institutions for
coordinating unit for all
sustainable, less
regional policies and
polluting
activities related to
development,
coastal and marine
including the
resources
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Increment
The strengthened EAF/RCU will enhance each
A strengthened EAF/RCU will have the capacity to
Norway Co-finance
$474,600
country's capacity to effectively manage marine
coordinate regional policies and activities related to coastal
and coastal resources and address land-based
and marine resources, further catalyzing countries to reduce
sources.
land-based sources.
III) Develop
IIIc) Determine and
Baseline
$1,594,357
Existing training programs are based on national
No coordinated training on land-based sources exists at
regional
satisfy training needs in
priorities and subject to vagaries of national
present.
capacity and
region for LB activities
budgets.
strengthen
and sources
institutions for
sustainable, less
polluting
development,
including the
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Alternative
$1,943,857
The GEF project would improve national capacity
Regional training will enhance regional capacities, and assure
at all levels of government, to address in a
a common minimum knowledge base for addressing land-
sustainable fashion the land-based activities
based sources.
contributing to water degradation
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$198,500
GEF Co-finance
$151,000
- A-12 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
III) Develop
IIId) Develop
Baseline
$346,375
Each country has limited budget for education, and
There is little global benefit from existing national education
regional
educational programs at
little of this budget focuses on environmental
programs, due to lack of commonality on environmental
capacity and
all levels on LB
education.
educational initiatives
strengthen
activities and sources
institutions for
sustainable, less
polluting
development,
including the
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Alternative
$563,617
Countries can benefit from educating their children
Regional knowledge and awareness will be enhanced by
by using the GEF land-based source educational
providing children throughout the WIO with common
programs
environmental educational materials and approaches.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$83,062
GEF Co-finance
$134,180
III) Develop
IIIe) Develop
Baseline
$51,673,250
There appears to be little partnering between
There appears to be little partnering between various sectors
regional
Regional/Governmental
various sectors in the region addressing land-based
in the region addressing land-based sources
capacity and
/ Private Sector/Public
sources
strengthen
Sector partnerships on
institutions for
LB activities and
sustainable, less
sources
polluting
development,
including the
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Alternative
$51,897,950
Partnerships will assure more sustainable
Regional success in controlling land-based sources will be
interventions in the area of land-based sources
sustainable only with intersectoral partnerships, including the
Private Sector
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$80,700
GEF Co-finance
$144,000
- A-13 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
III) Develop
IIIf) Identify,
Baseline
$367,500
Governments appear to be improving stakeholder
Lack of uniformity of stakeholder participation in
regional
strengthen, and involve
involvement in environmental decision making, but
environmental decision-making generates disparate public
capacity and
Stakeholders in LBS
some countries are still far behind what is desirable.
buy-in for environmental actions.
strengthen
issues in the Region,
institutions for
including Monitoring
sustainable, less
and Evaluation,
polluting
development of
development,
performance
including the
implementation
indicators
of the Nairobi
Convention
Alternative
$942,140
Stronger public participation will strengthen
Stronger stakeholder participation enhances sustainability
ownership of environmental decisions, and provide
and global benefits of new legislation/ regulations/
longer-term sustainability
environmental projects.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$61,700
GEF Co-finance
$512,940
III) Develop
IIIg) Implement small-
Baseline
$420,000
No small grants program exists in baseline.
No small grants program exists in baseline.
regional
grants programme for
capacity and
broader stakeholder
strengthen
participation
institutions for
sustainable, less
polluting
development,
including the
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Alternative
$906,600
Countries will benefit from participation of
Small-grants will enhance regional participation, thereby
stakeholders in regional environmental issues,
strengthening sustainability and spreading ownership.
which will enhance capacity and improve national
Capacities built under these grants can be applied to other
situations
areas of the environment as well.
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$220,000
GEF Co-finance
$266,600
- A-14 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
III) Develop
IIIh) Update TDA and
Baseline $0
regional
SAP
capacity and
strengthen
institutions for
sustainable, less
polluting
development,
including the
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Alternative
$0
Increment
GOV Co-finance
$0
GEF Co-finance
$130,700
III) Develop
IIIi) Develop an East
Baseline
$0
No East African regional node of the GPA
No East African regional node of the GPA Clearinghouse
regional
African regional node
Clearinghouse Mechanism exists under the
Mechanism exists under the baseline.
capacity and
of the GPA
baseline.
strengthen
Clearinghouse
institutions for
Mechanism
sustainable, less
polluting
development,
including the
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
Increment
Decisionmakers from each country will be given
Regional capacity for addressing land-based sources will be
Norway Co-finance
$203,400
access to current sources of information, practical
enhanced through the dissemination of information and
experience, and scientific and technical expertise
scientific and technical expertise on developing and
relevant to developing and implementing strategies
implementing strategies to prevent land-based sources.
to prevent land-based sources.
III) Develop
Total Comoros
GOV Co-finance
$150,000
regional
Total Kenya
GOV Co-finance
$345,162
capacity and
Total Madagascar
GOV Co-finance
$24,500
strengthen
Total Mauritius
GOV Co-finance
$40,000
institutions for
Total Mozambique
GOV Co-finance
$95,000
sustainable, less
Total Seychelles
GOV Co-finance
$12,000
polluting
Total South Africa
GOV Co-finance
$35,000
development,
Total Tanzania
GOV Co-finance
$77,000
including the
- A-15 -
Objective Component Cost Category
Cost
Domestic Benefits
Global Environmental Benefits
including the
Total Objective
GOV Co-finance
$778,662
implementation
of the Nairobi
Convention
- A-16 -
ANNEX A SUMMARY INCREMENTAL COST MATRIX
Baseline
Alternative
Objective Component
Increment(A-B)
(B)
(A)
Gov'ts
Other
GEF
I) Reduce
Ia) Establish common methods for assessing water and sediment quality, including
stress to the
bioassays of coastal biota $3,627,932 $4,014,718
$209,686
$177,100
ecosystem by
Ib) Fill gaps in knowledge of priority pollutants (contaminant levels) and major
improving
sources of pollutants (contaminant inputs) $3,108,732 $3,502,542
$168,810
$225,000
water and
Ic) Estimate the carrying capacity of the coastal waters, using an ecosystem-based
sediment
approach
$964,500 $1,112,700
$97,500
$50,700
quality
Id) Determine coastal hot spots of pollution $256,000
$407,500
$120,500
$31,000
Ie) Establish regional Environmental Quality Objectives and Environmental Quality
Standards (EQO/EQS) for water and sediment quality $494,000
$620,343
$100,593
$25,750
If) Develop compliance and long-term trend monitoring protocols and reporting
(requires data base management and decision-support systems) $1,292,000 $2,174,900
$736,900
$146,00
Ig) Implement demonstration projects for major land-based activities and pollutant
sources
$4,133,300 $5,140,480
$413,500
$593,680
Ih) Develop guidelines on best practices and procedures to address wastewater and
implement demonstration projects
$1,237,350
$1,237,350*
Ii) Implement actions to reduce and prevent the degradation of the coastal and marine
environment caused by physical alteration and destruction of habitats, using the African
$632,800*
Process results as a starting point
$632.800
Total Comoros
$150,700
$395,700
$245,000
Total Kenya
$8,905,964 $10,070,453 $1,164,489
Total Madagascar
$21,800
$47,800
$26,000
Total Mauritius
$7,766,667 $7,806,667
$40,000
Total Mozambique
$850,000
$960,000
$110,000
Total Seychelles
$58,000
$80,000
$22,000
Total South Africa
$3,095,000 $3,205,000
$110,000
Total Tanzania
$795,000
$965000
$170,000
Total Objective
$21,643,131 $26650700 $1,887,489 $1,870,150 $1,249,230
II) Strengthen Iia) Review gaps in national legislation/ regulatory frameworks
$502,250
$613,322
$72,062
$39,010
regional legal
Iib) Review status of ratification of appropriate international conventions by countries,
basis for
and assist countries in developing plans for ratifying those not yet ratified $1,246,500 $1,428,450
$117,200
$64,750
preventing
land-based
Iic) Implement effective regional EIA processes $3,240,000 $3,370,500
$68,500
$62,000
- A-17 -
Baseline
Alternative
Objective Component
Increment(A-B)
(B)
(A)
Gov'ts
Other
GEF
land-based
Iid) Assist countries in developing realistic and regionally integrated National
sources of
Programmes of Action for land-based sources and activities $681,500
$978,800
$113,200 $429,400*
$184,100
pollution,
Iie) Develop and obtain approval for Protocol to the Nairobi Convention with Annexes, on Land
including
Based Activities and Sources of Pollution
through the
implementation
of the GPA
$214,500
$407,782
$54,562
$138,720
Iif) Promote and enhance the integrated management river basin and coastal zone through
application of the ICARM principles
$418,100
$418,100*
Iig) Establish regional coordination mechanism between GEF IW projects
$150,000
$150,000
Total Comoros
$150,000
$305,000
$155,000
Total Kenya
$1,819,250 $1,926,274
$107,024
Total Madagascar
$8,500
$16,000
$7,500
Total Mauritius
$7,766,667 $7,806,677
$40,000
Total Mozambique
$310,000
$340,000
$30,000
Total Seychelles
$72,000
$98,000
$26,000
Total South Africa
$3,170,000 $3,195,000
$25,000
Total Tanzania
$355,000
$430,000
$75,000
Total Objective
$13,651,417 $15,603,021
$465,524
$847,500
$638,580
IV)
Devel IIIa) Establish small GEF project unit within Nairobi Convention Secretariat in Nairobi
op regional for managing the GEF/UNEP project
$685,051
capacity
$200,100 $1,354,851
$94,700 $375,000**
and
IIIb) Strengthen the EAF/RCU as the recognized and effective Regional Seas
strengthen coordinating unit for all regional policies and activities related to coastal and marine
institutions resources
$474,600
$474,600*
for
IIIc) Determine and satisfy training needs in region for LB activities and sources $1,594,357 $1,943,857
$198,500
$151,000
sustainable, IIId) Develop educational programs at all levels on LB activities and sources $346,375
$563,617
$83,062
$134,180
less
IIIe) Develop Regional/Governmental/Private Sector/Public Sector partnerships on LB
polluting
activities and sources $51,673,250 $51,897,950
$80,700
$144,000
developme IIIf) Identify, strengthen, and involve Stakeholders in LBS issues in the Region,
nt,
including Monitoring and Evaluation, development of performance indicators $367,500
$942,140
$61,700
$512,940
including
IIIg) Implement small-grants programme for broader stakeholder participation $420,000
$906,600
$220,000
$266,600
the
IIIh) Update TDA and SAP
implementa
$0
$0
$130,700
$130,700
IIIi) Develop an East African regional node of the GPA Clearinghouse Mechanism
$203,400
$203,400*
- A-18 -
Baseline
Alternative
Objective Component
Increment(A-B)
(B)
(A)
Gov'ts
Other
GEF
Total Comoros
$45,000
$195, 000
$150,000
Total Kenya
$2,531,082 $2,876,244
$345,162
Total Madagascar
$17,500
$42,000
$24,500
Total Mauritius
$7,766,667 $7,806,667
$40,000
Total Mozambique
$235,000
$330,000
$95,000
Total Seychelles
$52,000
$64,000
$12,000
South Africa
$51,386,000 $51,421,000
$35,000
Total Tanzania
$335,000
$412,000
$77,000
Total Objective
$62,368,249 $66,224,382
$778,662 $1,053,000 $2,024,471
PDF-B: US$325,000
Project Execution Costs: US $273,859
Total Project Costs: US$4,511,140
* Supported by Norway
** UNEP
- A-19 -
ANNEX B LOGFRAME MATRIX
Component
Intervention Logic
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
Long-term
development
/
·
Regional coordination office set-up by
Steering Committees (SC) annual
Assumes continued national commitment to the regional program at
Environment Objectives:
end of year 1;
reports; WMU documents;
each sector level, including offer of national resources. The ability of
environmentally-sustainable
·
Revised TDA available and agreed by
WMU and technical reports;
the SC and WMU to formulate and implement community-based
management and development of the
end of year 4;
Working group reports;
solutions relies on the support of national agencies through
WIO and its watershed: reducing
·
Revised SAP available and endorsed at
Annual project review.
coordinated (but independent) actions. The GEF project will create a
land-based activities that harm rivers,
Ministerial level by middle of year 4;
model that can be adopted in the future as a permanent activity of the
estuaries, and coastal waters
·
Agreed set of environmental indicators
individual national sectors. Broad stakeholder participation will be
(process, stress reduction, and
essential to achieve sustainability.
environmental status) to monitor
progress of SAP implementation by
middle of year 3;
·
Protocol to the Nairobi Convention of
land-based activities, with annexes,
available by middle of year 1;
·
National Plans of Action for five
countries available by end of year 3.
Project purpose: Formulation of a
TDA published and broadly
Remedial actions can be costly and/or unpopular in some sectors. A
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis
disseminated;
well-designed monitoring and evaluation program will provide
(TDA) and a Strategic Action
Countries endorse SAP;
objective technical information with which to assess the success (or
Programme (SAP). Facilitation of the
National and donor commitments to
failure) of specific management actions and can be used to adjust
initial steps of implementing SAP to
financing SAP;
future actions.
manage shared marine resources and
WMU and technical reports.
achieve sustainable development for
the West Indian Ocean.
Develop a mechanism to objectively
measure effects of management
actions
B-1
ANNEX B. LOGFRAME MATRIX (continued)
Objective I. Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
water and sediment quality
OUTPUTS
·
Common regional monitoring
·
Reports on monitoring methods and
·
Reports, annual project reviews
Relies on continued regional cooperation and commitment to the
methods agreed and pilot
monitoring results
·
WMU files
environmental agenda
monitoring carried out
·
SAP focuses on priority pollutants
·
Steering Committee Reports
·
Improved knowledge of priority
·
Signed protocol on EQO/EQS
·
Completion reports on
pollutants and carrying capacity
demonstration projects
·
Regionally agreed EQOs and
water-based EQSs
·
Six demonstration projects
successfully implemented
ACTIVITIES
Ia) Establish common methods for
None
assessing water and sediment quality,
including bioassays of coastal biota
·
I) Regional workshop, with
participation of IAEA, on local
·
Workshop report
·
WMU files, APR
and international methods of
water, sediment, and biota
monitoring and assessment
(including sampling, analysis,
risk assessment)
·
ii) Development of written
guidelines for monitoring and
·
Published guidelines
·
WMU files, www site
assessment of water, sediment,
and biota quality (including
mussel-watch type monitoring)
·
iii) Demonstration of regional
methods for water, sediment,
·
Report on demonstration activity
·
WMU files
and biota quality monitoring
and assessment
·
iv) Purchase and distribution of
minimal quantities of sampling
·
Purchase orders/shipping documents;
·
WMU files, Executing Agency
equipment for water, sediment,
Sampling reports
and biota
B-2
Objective I. Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
water and sediment quality
Ib) Fill gaps in knowledge of priority
Assume countries allow monitoring of their fresh and coastal waters
pollutants (contaminant levels) and
major sources of pollutants
(contaminant inputs)
·
I) Written national summary
·
National reports
·
WMU files, www site
assessments of priority land-
based activities, sources of
contaminants , and pollutant
levels in water and sediments;
include national legislative and
regulatory water and sediment
quality standards
·
ii) Targeted monitoring of
·
Regional monitoring report; TDA
·
WMU files, working group reports
riverine, estuarine, and coastal
waters, sediments, and biota for
purposes of identifying major
hot spots of pollution and land-
based activities
Ic) Estimate the carrying capacity of
Assumes that sufficient scientific data and literature exist to perform a
the coastal waters, using an
theoretical carrying capacity assessment.
ecosystem-based approach
·
I) Using available information
·
GIS maps
·
TDA; WMU files
from existing sources, including
the African Process, identify
the major ecotones of the
region, and their biological and
physical components
·
Report on carrying capacity
·
TDA; WMU files
·
ii) Estimate the carrying
capacity of each of these
ecotones, based on distribution
of living resources, knowledge
of water and sediment quality,
and literature on ecotones
response to pollution
B-3
Objective I. Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
water and sediment quality
Id) Determine coastal hot spots of
None if two previous activities are successful.
pollution
·
I) Using information from the
·
TDA incorporates information on
·
WMU files
two activities above, combined
pollution hot spots
with results from the African
Process, identify the hot spots
of pollution in the environment,
hot spots of sources of land-
based pollution and land-based
activities, and hot spots of
·
Report on Hot Spot Analysis
·
TDA, WMU files, www site,
ecotones at risk
working group reports
·
ii) Publish a Hot Spot Analysis
documenting hot spots of
pollution, land-based activities
and sources, and ecotones at
risk, updating the African
Process work.
Ie) Establish regional Environmental
Assumes all countries will agree to a single regional water quality set
Quality Objectives and
of standards.
Environmental Quality Standards
(EQO/EQS) for water and sediment
quality
·
I) Based on activity Ib.i,
·
National reports
·
WMU files, www site, annual
summarize existing national
project review
standards for water and
sediment quality, and compare
to international standards
·
ii) Regional workshop of
·
Workshop report
·
WMU files
experts on Regional
Environmental Quality
Objectives (EQO) and
Environmental Quality
Standards (EQS) for surface
waters and sediments
·
iii) Draft document on
·
Draft EQO/EQS protocol
·
WMU files, www site
Regional Water and Sediment
EQOs/EQSs, based on use and
values of ecotones
·
iv) Regional workshop of
·
Workshop report with signed agreed
·
WMU files
experts to review and agree on
EQO/EQS protocol
regional water and sediment
EQOs/EQSs
B-4
Objective I. Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
water and sediment quality
If) Develop compliance and long-
None
term trend monitoring protocols and
reporting (requires data base
management and decision-support
systems)
·
I) Based on EQOs/EQSs, and
·
Report on recommended national
·
WMU files; WIO-LaB web site,
on monitoring methods of
monitoring protocols
working group reports
activity Ia.ii and Ia.iii, develop
recommendations for
compliance and long-term trend
monitoring
·
ii) Further develop data-base
·
Data base management system
management system and GIS
accessible from all countries and
·
TDA, WMU files; WIO-LaB web
capabilities at the Nairobi
externally
site
Convention Secretariat, by
selecting and implementing an
existing DBMS and GIS
capability from other GEF
projects
·
iii) Insert existing data in to
·
GIS products available on disk and
·
TDA, WIO-LaB web site
DBMS, and develop basic GIS
widely distributed
products (regional maps,
overlays) to support regional
monitoring and assessments of
land-based sources and
activities
B-5
Objective I. Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
water and sediment quality
Ig) Implement demonstration
projects for major land-based
·
Countries must agree on types of projects
activities and pollutant sources
·
Countries must agree on demonstration project locations
·
I) Based on activity Id.ii, select
·
Working paper on demonstration
·
WMU files, annual project review
·
Capable and responsible parties execute the six projects
demonstration sites for six
projects
representative demonstration
projects: agriculture, tourism,
industry, solid waste, storm
water run-off, community
sewage.
·
ii) Host regional
·
Workshop report
·
WMU files, www site
workshop/symposium on best
available technologies and best
environmental practices
addressing land-based activities
and sources; broadly
disseminate results from the
symposium
·
iii) Select technologies/
·
Contracts awarded
·
WMU files, www site, Executing
practices, and implement
Agency
demonstration projects
·
iv) Monitor and report on
·
Monitoring reports
·
WMU files, annual project review
progress of demonstration
projects
·
v) Disseminate lessons learned
·
Final project completion reports, news
from demonstration projects:
releases
·
WMU files, www site, annual
encourage their application
project review
elsewhere in the region
B-6
Objective I. Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
water and sediment quality
Ih) Develop guidelines on best
·
Countries must agree on types of projects
practices and procedures to address
·
Countries must agree on location of projects
wastewater and implement
·
Financing must be available for projects
demonstration projects*
·
Capable and responsible parties execute the projects
·
Hold progress/ coordination
·
Meeting reports, pilot projects selected ·
EAF/RCU files, meeting reports
meetings every two years as a
follow-up to the regional
meeting on Municipal
Wastewater in the Eastern
Africa region to develop
inventories on best practices and
further selection of pilot
projects*
·
Draft detailed outline of 2-3
·
Detailed outlines of pilot projects,
·
EAF/RCU files
selected fundable long-term
outlines submitted to financing
pilot project proposals to be
institutions
submitted to financing
institutions*
·
iii) Develop training
·
Completion report on training
·
EAF/RCUfiles
programmes within the context
programmes
of the pilot projects which are
supported by the global
knowledge base and the
interactive GPA Clearinghouse
mechanism*
B-7
Objective I. Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
water and sediment quality
) Implement actions to reduce
·
Countries must agree on types of projects
and prevent the degradation of
·
Countries must agree on location of projects
the coastal and marine
·
Capable and responsible parties execute the proje
environment caused by
physical alteration and
destruction of habitats, using
·
Workshop report, guidelines published
·
EAF/RCU files, GPA Clearinghouse
the African Process results as a
Mechanism
starting point *
·
Finalize various tools and
guidelines which outline how all
parties should address physical
alteration and destruction of
·
Completion Reports on pilot projects
·
EAF/RCU files
habitats in a sustainable and cost
effective manner*
·
Set up pilot projects to illustrate
·
Outlines of 2-3 pilot projects completed ·
EAF/RCU files
sustainable use and management
of coastal zones*
·
Identify and prioritize pilot
projects within specific
economic sectors of regional
significance for pre-investment
studies and actions that
·
Completion Reports on Training
·
EAF/RCU files, GPA Clearinghouse
demonstrate alternative
Modules and Programmes
Mechanism
practices*
·
Contribute to the development
of Training Modules &
Programmes through
cooperation with the Coastal
Area Management Center in the
Netherlands and with other
regional institutions*
B-8
ANNEX B. LOGFRAME MATRIX (continued)
Objective II) Strengthen regional legal basis for
preventing land-based sources of pollution, including
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
implementation of the GPA
OUTPUTS
·
Gaps identified in
·
TDA
·
TDA
·
Assumes countries will support need for regional EIA process,
legal/regulatory regimes,
·
Nairobi Convention Secretariat
and have budget to support it
ratification of international
·
WMU
·
Assumes countries will sign protocol on LBS
agreements
·
Annual Project Review
·
Regional EIA process
·
Signed protocol for regional EIA
·
National Programmes of Action
·
Signed NPAs (5)
·
Regional agreement on land-
·
Protocol to Nairobi Convention on LBS
based sources
ACTIVITIES
Iia) Review gaps in national
None
legislation/ regulatory frameworksI)
National reports on policy,
·
National reports
·
WMU, www site
legal, and regulatory
frameworks, and institutional
structure
·
ii) Workshop to review national
·
Workshop reports
·
WMU, www site
frameworks, and recommend
more unified
policy/legislative/regulatory
frameworks; identify gaps and
recommendations for economic
incentives/ disincentives for
reductions in land-based
activities and sources
Iib) Review status of ratification of
None
appropriate international conventions
by countries, and assist countries in
developing plans for ratifying those
not yet ratified
·
I) National reports (from Iia.i)
·
National reports
·
WMU files, www site, TDA
include summary of status of
ratification of countries to
international conventions
relevant to land-based sources
and activities
·
ii) Assistance to countries to
·
Contract for consultants to develop
·
WMU, APR, Executing Agency
develop capacity and
capacity
institutional arrangements for
ratifying and implementing
outstanding international
conventions
B-9
Objective II) Strengthen regional legal basis for
preventing land-based sources of pollution, including
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
implementation of the GPA
Iic) Implement effective regional
Assumes countries support need and budget for regional EIA.
EIA processes
·
I) Workshop to discuss national
·
Workshop report
·
WMU
EIA processes, the Espoo
Convention, and framework for
a regional EIA process
·
ii) Draft Regional EIA process
·
Workshop report with regional EIA
·
WMU; Nairobi Convention
for possible, and review in a
protocol: EIA protocol submitted to
Secretariat
regional workshop; adopt
CoP
regional EIA and submit to CoP
for endorsement in 2004
Iid) Assist countries in developing
Assumes countries use NPA money wisely, and develop NPAs.
realistic and regionally integrated
National Programmes of Action for
land-based sources and activities
·
I) Identify which countries
·
Memo to Steering Committee
·
WMU files
require assistance in developing
National Programmes of Action
·
ii) Assist five countries in
·
Contracts to countries to develop
·
WMU, APR, Executing Agency
developing their National
NPAs; NPAs developed
Programmes of Action, by
providing training, capacity
building, and funds for
development of NPAs.
·
Assist one country (Tanzania)
·
Contract to Tanzania to develop NPA;
·
EAF/RCU, Executing Agency, GPA
in further developing its
NPA developed
Clearinghouse Mechanism
national programme into a
mature, targeted and
domestically resourced
programme that incorporates
pro-active interventions,
legislative review, capacity
building and public spending*
B-10
Objective II) Strengthen regional legal basis for
preventing land-based sources of pollution, including
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
implementation of the GPA
Iie) Develop and obtain approval for
None
Protocol to the Nairobi Convention
with Annexes, on Land Based
Activities and Sources of Pollution
·
I) Draft a Protocol on LBA/S
·
Draft protocol distributed
·
WMU, APR
·
ii) Conduct regional workshop
·
Workshop report
·
WMU
to review draft Protocol on
LBA/S, and identify required
technical annexes for Protocol
·
iii) Revise draft Protocol, and
·
Second draft distributed
·
WMU
develop draft Annexes
·
iv) Regional workshop to adopt
·
Workshop report; Protocol and annexes
·
WMU
Protocol, and review/ approve
approved
Annexes
·
v) Develop final Protocols and
Annexes, and submit to
·
Final protocol with annexes developed
·
WMU and Nairobi Convention
Conference of Parties for
and submitted to CoP
Secretariat
adoption
B-11
Objective II) Strengthen regional legal basis for
preventing land-based sources of pollution, including
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
implementation of the GPA
Iif) Promote and enhance the
None
integrated management of river basin
and coastal zone through application
of the ICARM principles*
·
Develop an environmental and
·
Environmental and socio-economic
·
EAF/RCU files, GPA Clearinghouse
socio-economic profile for the
profile developed
Mechanism
Incomati River and coastal area,
including an inventory of the
state of the river and coastal area
and identification of issues for
the management of the river
basin and coastal area*
·
Analyse the possible relations
·
Completed analysis
·
EAF/RCU files, GPA Clearinghouse
(impacts and/or interactions)
Mechanism
between Incomati River and
coastal area for priority issues*
·
Countries and stakeholders hold
·
Workshop and meeting reports,
·
EAF/RCU files
discussions on priorities,
consensus developed
possible measures and finding
consensus*
·
Conduct joint strategic planning
·
Workshop and meeting reports
·
EAF/RCU files
of the river basin and coastal
area*
·
Communicate results of the
·
Report on communications
·
EAF/RCU files, GPA Clearinghouse
Incomati pilot projects with
Mechanism
representatives of other cases in
sub-Saharan Africa to raise
awareness of the need for
integrated management of
shared river basin and coastal
areas*
IIg) Establish a regional coordination
None
mechanism for IW projects.
·
Conduct periodic coordination
·
Meeting minutes
·
UNEP/GEF and EAF/RCU files
meetings.
·
Formally establish network
·
MOU's sign
·
UNEP/GEF and EAF/RCU files
through MOU's
·
Share information and best
·
Web site established. Workshop and
·
UNEP/GEF, UNDP/GEF, WB
practices between GEF IW
meeting reports, consensus developed
GEF files
projects
B-12
ANNEX B. LOGFRAME MATRIX (continued)
Objective: III) Develop regional capacity and
strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
development, including the implementation of the
Nairobi Convention and its protocol
OUTPUTS
·
Sustainable framework for
·
WMU in place and functioning
·
APR
·
Assumes countries and stakeholders work together well and
managing land-based sources
contribute to project success.
·
Capacity developed for sustainable
·
100 people trained formally on LBA
·
WMU
·
Assumes WMU is effective.
environmental management in
region
·
Full involved stakeholders and
·
Workshop reports; contracts to
·
WMU, Executing Agency
improved civil society
stakeholders
ACTIVITIES
IIIa) Establish small GEF project unit
None
within Nairobi Convention Secretariat in
Nairobi for managing the GEF/UNEP
project
· i) Hire Project Manager,
· Executing Agency records
· UNOPS
environmental scientist,
Administrative Manager, and
secretary
· ii) Establish office at UNEP in
· Physical presence
· UNEP/Nairobi, UNOPS
Nairobi
· iii) Strengthen capacity of Nairobi
· Letter from UNOPS
· UNOPS/UNEP-Nairobi
Convention Secretariat and RCU
B-13
Objective: III) Develop regional capacity and
strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
development, including the implementation of the
Nairobi Convention and its protocol
IIIb) Strengthen EAF/RCU as the
None
recognized and effective Regional Seas
coordinating unit for all regional policies
and activities related to coastal and
marine resources*
·
Consult with all stakeholders, at
·
Workshop and/or meeting notes
·
EAF/RCU files, GPA Clearinghouse
national and regional levels, as a
Mechanism
means of deciding on measures and
partnerships to address priority
concerns, identifying activities and
key stakeholders*
·
Build capacity at the EAF/RCU
·
Report on Twinning Arrangement with ·
EAF/RCU files
through the further implementation
HELCOM
of the Twinning Arrangement with
HELCOM, which will provide
assistance and constitute an
important partner in the
implementation of priorities of the
work programme for the Nairobi
Convention*
·
Provide support and build capacity
·
Progress reports on GPA/EAF and its
·
EAF/RCU files, UNON,
to enable the EAF/RCU to
components
UNEP/GPA coordinating unit, GPA
adequately implement the various
Clearinghouse Mechanism
GPA supportive tools (e.g.,
innovative financing, voluntary
agreements)*
·
iv) Provide support and build
·
Targeted inventories of ongoing
·
EAF/RCU files, UNON,
capacity in the EAF/RCU in the
activities, progress/coordination
UNEP/GPA coordinating unit
field of compliance and
meeting reports
enforcement of environmental
legislation, in the field of
institutional mechanisms and
improved ocean governance, in
international cooperation, and in
mobilizing resources for
awareness-building and public
outreach*
B-14
Objective: III) Develop regional capacity and
strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
development, including the implementation of the
Nairobi Convention and its protocol
IIIc) Determine and satisfy training
Assumes national capacity exists to perform training
needs in region for LB activities and
sources
·
i) Conduct survey of Project
· Consultant report
· WMU, Steering Committee report
National Focal Points on training
needs in Land-Based activities and
sources (for high officials, mid-
level government, community,
experts, industry, etc.)
·
ii) Select five priority training
· Consultant report, training curricula
· WMU, www site
requirements for the region,
developed
addressing land-based activities
and sources, and develop training
curricula using existing capacity
and existing courses, where
possible
·
iii) Conduct training in the
· Letters from governments
· WMU, annual project review
Region, leaving full course
acknowledging training
material to each attendee
IIId) Develop educational programs at
·
Assumes Steering Committee can agree on top priorities
all levels on LB activities and sources
·
Assumes national capacity exists to develop educational
·
i) Conduct survey of National
· Memorandum; Steering Committee
· WMU, Steering Committee
materials
Focal Points on educational needs
Report
to support reduction of land-based
activities and sources
· WMU files,
·
ii) Select three top priority
· Memorandum to files, activities
educational needs, and develop
developed
activities to address those needs
· WMU, Executing Agency, annual
·
iii) Implement the activities to
· Contracts awarded, and educational
project review
address three top priority regional
materials completed
educational needs, in appropriate
languages
B-15
Objective: III) Develop regional capacity and
strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
development, including the implementation of the
Nairobi Convention and its protocol
IIIe) Develop
Assumes WMU staff is familiar with Private Sector, and can convince
Regional/Governmental/Private
them to participate in the project.
Sector/Public Sector partnerships on LB
activities and sources
·
i) Establish a Project Steering
· Steering Committee Meeting reports
· WMU files, Steering Committee
Committee consisting of Project
Meeting reports, Executing Agency
National Focal Points, the Nairobi
Convention Secretariat, local
institutions, an NGO
representative, and two
representatives from private sector
·
ii) Integrate private sector into
· Steering Committee Meeting reports,
· WMU files, Steering Committee
activities of this project, as
sub-contractor contracts awarded
Meeting reports, Executing Agency
appropriate as sub-contractor,
consultant, or co-sponsor of
specific activities
·
iii) Working with private sector,
identify and secure financing to
· Demonstration project completion
· Demonstration project completion
replicate the demonstration
reports, financing secured for replication
reports, WMU files, annual project
projects in other areas of the region
reveiw
B-16
Objective: III) Develop regional capacity and
strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
development, including the implementation of the
Nairobi Convention and its protocol
IIIf) Identify, strengthen, and involve
·
Assumes broad stakeholder participation is permitted by
Stakeholders in LBS issues in the
governments, and that civil society is adequately strengthened
Region, including Monitoring and
·
Assumes central governments permit community-level
Evaluation, development of performance
· Work plan developed
· WMU files
involvement
indicators
·
i) Develop a public participation
and awareness (PPA) work plan
· Contracts awarded
· WMU, Executing Agency
for the Project
·
ii) Implement the PPA workplan
through a PPA committee,
involving national experts, private
sector, NGOs, and other interested
· Consultant report to WMU
· WMU, APR
parties
·
iii) Perform external annual
reviews of the PPA process, and
update the workplan based on
strengths and weaknesses
· Contracts awarded for training,
· WMU, Executing Agency,
identified in the review
consultant reports on training
consultant reports on training
·
iv) Provide training in Stakeholder
activism and involvement, to assist
region in broadening Stakeholder
empowerment in environmental
· Materials prepared and distributed
· WMU, www site, newsletter
issues
·
v) Create regional information
center for broad dissemination of
environmental materials to
Stakeholders; develop newsletters,
web-based informational packages,
· Newspaper articles or project-led
· WMU files, www site
etc.
activities
·
vi) Develop and demonstrate
community-driven development,
including education, local industry,
training, and empowerment in
environmental decision-making
·
vii) Involve stakeholders in
Monitoring and Evaluation Process
·
viii) Develop concrete
performance indicators for the
Project
B-17
Objective: III) Develop regional capacity and
strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and Risks
development, including the implementation of the
Nairobi Convention and its protocol
IIIg) Implement small-grants
None
programme for broader stakeholder
participation
·
i) Develop detailed TORs for a
· TORs developed, Contract awarded to
· WMU, Executing Agency
small-grants programme, and
contractor
select a contractor to implement
the small-grants programme based
on competitive tender
·
ii) Implement two rounds of
· Reports of grant competition
· WMU, Contractor, Executing
small-grants competition
Agency
·
iii) Award and monitor small
· Contracts in place
grants to winning applications
· WMU, Executing Agency
·
iv) Develop lessons learned in
· Report by contractor
small grants activities, and
· WMU, SAP, www site
publicize through the PPA process
(IIIf)
IIIh) Update TDA and SAP
TDA and SAP updated
WMU, Executing Agency, annual
None
project review
IIIi) Develop an East African regional
None
node of the GPA Clearinghouse
Mechanism*
·
Conduct a Needs Evaluation and
·
Report on regional and/or national
·
EAF/RCU files
prepare a strategic Workplan for
needs and Strategic Workplan
the establishment of regional
and/or national GPA nodes*
·
Develop and launch a regional
·
Regional Prototype Node in place
·
EAF/RCU, Executing Agency, GPA
Prototype Node based on national
Clearinghouse Mechanism
inputs, with content derived
primarily from existing GPA
relevant information and data as
identified in the Needs Evaluation*
·
Develop a Project Evaluation and
·
Evaluation and sustainability report
·
EAF/RCU files, Executing Agency
Sustainability Plan to ascertain if
goals and objectives have been
met, including a donor-exit
strategy*
*COMPONENTS AND ACTIVITIES TO BE SUPPORTED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF NORWAY
B-18
ANNEX C STAP
ROSTER TECHNICAL REVIEW
1. PROJECT NAME
Addressing land-based activities in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO-LaB)
2. STAP Roster Technical Review
Dr. Eric Wolanski, FTSE
Leading Scientist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB NO. 3, TOWNSVILLE M.C.
QUEENSLAND 4810
AUSTRALIA
3. Recommendation:
The project is sound and should be supported.
The objectives are likely to be met and the activities are likely to succeed because
-all activities are carried out by national or local authorities, with active support by the EAF/RCU.
-the WIO states have demonstrated their commitment to regional co-operation for conservation of coastal and
marine resources.
-all the important stakeholders are included.
-in most of the countries in the region, there exists basic expertise in the government and non-governmental
organizations, that provide an assurance that these organizations will be able to participate and meet their
obligations as far as the implementation of the prioritized activities are concerned. However, some few
countries have serious problems of lack of expertise, and for these the project needs to have built-in
mechanisms early on to assist them.
-the sustainability of actions proposed is high, due to political commitment shown by the governments.
-only a small Regional Coordination Unit needs to be established in Nairobi.
-the work will be carried out by a series of national consultants and national organizations, including
educational, research, governmental, NGO, and so on. This network will work closely through the National
Focal Point to assure the government will endorse their work products, but the Project will retain some
independence in naming these individuals to assure a broad representation across the stakeholders.
-.in order to attain sustainability, the activities are designed to address interests of large groups of
stakeholders, and thus nearly ¼ of the budget is designed for this task.
-the project will be monitored and reviewed from a complete Project Document, and by Tripartite Reviews,
Annual Project Reports, and mid-term and final project Evaluations. The review system is both internal
and external. The internal review is through the annual programme/project report and this is designed to
obtain the independent views of the main stakeholders of a project on its relevance, performance and the
likelihood of its success. The semi-external review is proposed as both (1) a mid-term project evaluation,
and (2) a policy-level meeting of the parties directly involved in the implementation of a project. The
participants include the Governments, UNEP, project management, the direct beneficiaries, and other
stakeholders. An external review is also proposed as the GEF Project Implementation Review (PIR)
process. This commitment to review and accountability is excellent.
-all scientific and technical issues have been considered and addressed.
4. Key issues
Introduction
This proposal focuses on the coastal waters of Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles,
South Africa, and Tanzania. The broad development environmental goal of this project is to ensure environmentally-
sustainable management and development of the West Indian Ocean region, by reducing land-based activities that
harm rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters.
Key issues identified are:
Shortage and contamination of fresh water
C-1
Decline in harvests of marine living resources
Degradation of coastal habitats (mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs), loss of biodiversity.
Overall water quality decline: Contamination of coastal waters, beaches and living resources.
To tackle these four issues, the proposal proposes three objectives, namely
Objective 1:
Reduce stress to the ecosystem by improving water and sediment quality
Objective 2:
Strengthen regional legal basis for preventing land-based sources of pollution, including
through the implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine
Environment from land-based Activities
Objective 3:
Develop regional capacity and strengthen institutions for sustainable, less polluting
development, including the implementation of the Nairobi Convention and its action plan as approved by
participating Governments.
Scientific and technical soundness of the project
The East Africa coast runs the risk of suffering severe environmental degradation. The causes are
described accurately in the proposal, there are no obvious missing, important issues.
The proposal identifies the following major environmental quality objectives
Target 1: Balanced Marine and Riverine Ecosystems
Target 2: Sustainable Productivity from Coastal Living Resources.
Target 3: Stabilized High Quality Fresh Water Supplies (surface and groundwater).
For each of these, specific targets are set. For target 1, these are:
Reduce land-based pollution by 10% by the year 2010
(Indicator: river pollution surveys show improvement of water quality by 10% by year 2010)
Decline in the quality of selected coral reef sites halted by 2010
(Indicator: coral reef surveys show coral reef areas are stable from year-to-year, other than natural
variability)
Four medium-quality and three high-quality coral sites have improved by at least 1 status level by 2010
(Indicator: seven selected coral reef sites show improvement)
At least 100,000 ha of healthy, viable, and representative mangrove forests spanning the ecoregion by 2010
(Indicator: aerial surveys combined with ground-truthing indicates at least 100,000 ha of healthy
mangroves)
Decline in quantity and quality in sea grass sites will have been halted by 2010
(Indicator: Pentadal sea grass surveys show stability in area of grasses, and absence of increased disease
or altered health of seagrasses).
For target 2, these are:
The economic use of threatened or endangered living resources stabilized by 2010
(Indicator: National reports on threatened and endangered species verify lack of illegal trading activity in
each country)
Reduce the use of illegal fishing methods by 50% by 2010
(Indicator: National reports on illegal fishing verify the decline in this activity)
For target 3, these are:
By 2012, reduce degradation from LB activities by 50%
(Indicator: water quality monitoring at the mouths of rivers and in the coastal zone show halving nutrient
levels, lower turbidity, and decreased contaminants of concern by 2012)
Sustainable allocation of water use by 2010
(Indicators: Regional water agreements in place for all major rivers in the area)
By 2012, areas of groundwater contamination declining by 10%
(Indicator: groundwater surveys show 10% lower levels of nitrogen, bacteria and viruses, and
contaminants of concern by year 2012)
These indicators are solid, straightforward and correct tools to demonstrate the success of this project.
To achieve this outcome, the proposal has promised a number of outputs for each objective, as follows:
C-2
For Objective 1:
Common regional monitoring methods agreed and pilot monitoring carried out
Improved knowledge of priority pollutants and carrying capacity
Regionally agreed EQOs and water-based EQSs
Six demonstration projects successfully implemented.
For objective 2:
Gaps identified in legal/regulatory regimes, ratification of international agreements
Regional EIA process
A set of regionally integrated National Programmes of Action
Increased application of Integrated Coastal Area and River-basin Management (ICARM) principles
Regional agreement on land-based sources.
For objective 3:
Sustainable framework for managing land-based sources, including updated TDA/SAP
Enhanced capacity developed for sustainable environmental management in region
Cross sectoral policy documents and mutually supportive financial budgets explicitly targeting the
reduction of GPA pollution source categories
Fully involved stakeholders and improved civil society
Bi-annual multi-stakeholder meetings including representatives from the freshwater community and the
private sector discussing pilot projects and designing strategies for replication and up-scaling of best
practices
An East African regional node of the GPA Clearing House Mechanism.
A detailed list of activities is proposed. This list is realistic and sound, there are no obvious scientific and technical
gaps or omissions.
To implement this, the project will work with the key stakeholders,
national governments
local governments
the private sector: including fishermen, fishing companies, oil and gas sector, shipping and marine transport
industry, etc.
the scientific community
non-government organizations
community-based organizations, youth and women
environmental advocacy group and people's organization.
For each of these stakeholders, a set of involvements is proposed as a program of work. The proposed
involvements are sound and realistic.
5. The issues
It is very encouraging to see that two activities in particular figure high on this agenda activities that my
experience suggests are indeed most important for the participating countries- namely
1. to promote and enhance the integrated management of river basin and coastal zone through application of
the ICARM principles, and
2. Assist countries in developing realistic and regionally integrated National Programmes of Action for land-
based sources and activities.
This priority is set quite correctly set because
1. only a few of the WIO countries are considering National Programmes of Action, due to absence of funding
2. countries will benefit from a regional EIA process because countries could express their opinions and
concerns on development projects that may have transboundary impacts to their own countries (e.g., river
regulation, water use, major industries, etc.).
3. ICARM principles are not currently being applied in the region and this project will help remedy this problem.
C-3
6. Implementation and environmental impact
How the project fits within the context of the goals of GEF, as well as its operational strategies, programme
priorities, GEF Council guidance and the provisions of the relevant conventions
This is well covered in the Project proposal. This proposal is that it will benefit from, and provide benefit
to, other ongoing projects. There appears to be minimum overlap and much complimentarity.
Regional context
The regional coverage of the Project proposal is excellent.
Replicability of the project (added-value for the global environment beyond the project itself)
This project should measurably add value to similar environmental development and management issues in
West Africa. Like many projects the leadership and follow-through of the Executive will determine the level of
success and its replicability.
Sustainability of the project itself
The strong involvement of stakeholders should ensure its sustainability.
7. Secondary issues
Linkages to other focal areas
No deficiency to report.
Linkages to other programmes and action plans at regional or subregional levels
This proposal will benefit from, and provide benefit to, other ongoing projects. There appears to be minimum
overlap and much complimentarity.
Other beneficial or damaging environmental effects
The social, economic and environmental benefits are clearly stated.
Degree of involvement of stakeholders in the project
The stakeholders are clearly defined in the Project proposal.
Capacity-building aspects
This is adequately covered.
Innovativeness of the project
The Project is straightforward and not particularly innovative. However it is also very much needed in the
participating countries.
Project implementation
The implementation is outlined clearly. Much will depend on the quality of leadership of the Executive. The
participation of stakeholders and the external review process, amongst the several proposed review and monitoring
processes, should ensure a successful implementation.
C-4
ANNEX C1 RESPONSE TO STAP/COUNCIL/IA COMMENTS
Comments on STAP Review
C1-1.
The STAP review provided a positive response to the proposal.
C1-2. The statement was made that the success of the project depends on the quality of leadership of the
Executing Agency. This comment is quite appropriate, and it is why we are recommending co-execution by the
Secretariat of the Nairobi Convention and UNOPS. The Secretariat of the Nairobi Convention will provide technical
and scientific backstopping of the project based on its leadership in Eastern Africa. UNOPS will bring to the project
execution its experience in managing GEF projects and will provide leadership in backstopping the project from the
financial and procurement side.
C1-1
ANNEX D DETAILED LIST OF ACTIVITIES
Objective
Component
Activities
I) Reduce stress to the
Ia) Establish common methods for
i) Regional workshop, with participation of IAEA, on local and international methods of
ecosystem by improving water
assessing water and sediment quality,
water, sediment, and biota monitoring and assessment (including sampling, analysis, risk
and sediment quality
including bioassays of coastal biota
assessment)
ii) Development of written guidelines for monitoring and assessment of water, sediment,
and biota quality (including mussel-watch type monitoring)
iii) Demonstration of regional methods for water, sediment, and biota quality monitoring
and assessment
iv) Purchase and distribution of minimal quantities of sampling equipment for water,
sediment, and biota
Ib) Fill gaps in knowledge of priority
i) Written national summary assessments of priority land-based activities, sources of
pollutants (contaminant levels) and
contaminants , and pollutant levels in water and sediments; include national legislative and
major sources of pollutants
regulatory water and sediment quality standards
(contaminant inputs)
ii) Targeted monitoring of riverine, estuarine, and coastal waters, sediments, and biota for
purposes of identifying major hot spots of pollution and land-based activities
Ic) Estimate the carrying capacity of the i) Using available information from existing sources, identify the major ecotones of the
coastal waters, using an ecosystem-
region, and their biological and physical components
based approach
ii) Estimate the carrying capacity of each of these ecotones, based on distribution of living
resources, knowledge of water and sediment quality, and literature on ecotones response to
pollution
Id) Determine coastal hot spots of
i) Using information from the two activities above, identify the hot spots of pollution in the
pollution
environment, hot spots of sources of land-based pollution and land-based activities, and hot
spots of ecotones at risk
ii) Write and publish a Hot Spot Analysis documenting hot spots of pollution, land-based
activities and sources, and ecotones at risk
Ie) Establish regional Environmental
i) Based on activity Ib.i, summarize existing national standards for water and sediment
Quality Objectives and Environmental
quality, and compare to international standards
Quality Standards (EQO/EQS) for water
and sediment quality
ii) Regional workshop of experts on Regional Environmental Quality Objectives (EQO)
and Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for surface waters and sediments
iii) Draft document on Regional Water and Sediment EQOs/EQSs, based on use and values
of ecotones
D-1
Objective
Component
Activities
iv) Regional workshop of experts to review and agree on regional water and sediment
EQOs/EQSs
If) Develop compliance and long-term
i) Based on EQOs/EQSs, and on monitoring methods of activity Ia.ii and Ia.iii, develop
trend monitoring protocols and reporting recommendations for compliance and long-term trend monitoring
(requires data base management and
decision-support systems)
ii) Further develop data-base management system and GIS capabilities at the Nairobi
Convention Secretariat, by selecting and implementing an existing DBMS and GIS
capability from other GEF projects
iii) Insert existing data in to DBMS, and develop basic GIS products (regional maps,
overlays) to support regional monitoring and assessments of land-based sources and
activities
Ig) Implement demonstration projects
i) Based on activity Id.ii, select demonstration sites for six representative demonstration
for major land-based activities and
projects: agriculture, tourism, industry, solid waste, storm water run-off, community
pollutant sources
sewage, integrated river basin management.
ii) Host regional workshop/symposium on best available technologies and best
environmental practices addressing land-based activities and sources; broadly disseminate
results from the symposium
iii) Select technologies/ practices, and implement demonstration projects
iv) Monitor and report on progress of demonstration projects
v) Disseminate lessons learned from demonstration projects: encourage their application
elsewhere in the region
Ih) Develop guidelines on best practices i) Hold progress/coordination meetings every two years as a follow-up to the regional
and procedures to address wastewater
meeting on Municipal Wastewater in the Eastern Africa region to develop inventories on
and implement demonstration projects*
best practices and further selection of pilot projects*
ii) Draft detailed outline of 2-3 selected fundable long-term pilot project proposals to be
submitted to financing institutions*
iii) Develop training programmes within the context of the pilot projects which are
supported by the global knowledge base and the interactive GPA Clearinghouse
mechanism*
Ii) Implement actions to reduce and
i) Finalize various tools and guidelines which outline how all parties should address
prevent the degradation of the coastal
physical alteration and destruction of habitats in a sustainable and cost effective manner*
and marine environment caused by
physical alteration and destruction of
habitats*
ii) Set up pilot projects to illustrate sustainable use and management of coastal zones*
iii) Identify and prioritize pilot projects within specific economic sectors of regional
significance for pre-investment studies and actions that demonstrate alternative practices*
D-2
Objective
Component
Activities
significance for pre-investment studies and actions that demonstrate alternative practices*
iv) Contribute to the development of Training Modules & Programmes through
cooperation with the Coastal Area Management Center in the Netherlands and with other
regional institutions*
II) Strengthen regional legal
IIa) Review gaps in national legislation/ i) National reports on policy, legal, and regulatory frameworks, and institutional structure
basis for preventing land-based
regulatory frameworks
sources of pollution, including
implementation of the GPA
ii) Workshop to review national frameworks, and recommend more unified
policy/legislative/regulatory frameworks; identify gaps and recommendations for economic
incentives/ disincentives for reductions in land-based activities and sources
IIb) Review status of ratification of
i) National reports (from IIa.i) include summary of status of ratification of countries to
appropriate international conventions by international conventions relevant to land-based sources and activities (e.g., Biological
countries, and assist countries in
Diversity, Ramsar, CITES)
developing plans for ratifying those not
yet ratified
ii) Assistance to countries to develop capacity and institutional arrangements for ratifying
and implementing outstanding international conventions
IIc) Implement effective regional EIA
i) Workshop to discuss national EIA processes, the Espoo Convention, and framework for
processes
a regional EIA process
ii) Draft Regional EIA process for possible, and review in a regional workshop; adopt
regional EIA and submit to CoP for endorsement in 2005
IId) Assist countries in developing
i) Identify which countries require assistance in developing National Programmes of
realistic and regionally integrated
Action
National Programmes of Action for
land-based sources and activities
ii) Assist four countries in developing their National Programmes of Action, by providing
training, capacity building, and funds for development of NPAs.
iii) Assist one country (Tanzania) in further developing its national programme into a
mature, targeted and domestically resourced programme that incorporates pro-active
interventions, legislative review, capacity building and public spending*
IIe) Develop and obtain approval for
i) Draft a Protocol on LBA/S
Protocol to the Nairobi Convention with
Annexes, on Land Based Activities and
Sources of Pollution
ii) Conduct regional workshop to review draft Protocol on LBA/S, and identify required
technical annexes for Protocol
iii) Revise draft Protocol, and develop draft Annexes
D-3
Objective
Component
Activities
iv) Regional workshop to adopt Protocol, and review/ approve Annexes
v) Develop final Protocols and Annexes, and submit to Conference of Parties for adoption
in 2005
IIf) Promote and enhance the integrated i) Develop an environmental and socio-economic profile for the Incomati River and coastal
management of river basin and coastal
area, including an inventory of the state of the river and coastal area and identification of
zone through application of the ICARM
issues for the management of the river basin and coastal area*
principles*
ii) Analyse the possible relations (impacts and/or interactions) between Incomati River and
coastal area for priority issues*
iii) Countries and stakeholders hold discussions on priorities, possible measures and
finding consensus*
iv) Conduct joint strategic planning of the river basin and coastal area*
v) Communicate results of the Incomati pilot projects with representatives of other cases in
sub-Saharan Africa to raise awareness of the need for integrated management of shared
river basin and coastal areas*
IIg) Establish a regional IW
i) Formally establish the network through MOUS
coordination mechanism with UNDP
ii) Meet once annually in the region to discuss ongoing and planned projects and activities,
and WB to share best practices in Sub-
working closely with local execution groups.
Saharan Africa.
iii) Share semi-annual or quarterly phone meetings.
III) Develop regional capacity
IIIa) Establish small GEF project unit
i) Hire Project Manager, environmental scientist, Administrative Manager, and secretary
and strengthen institutions for
within Nairobi Convention Secretariat in
sustainable, less polluting
Nairobi for managing the GEF/UNEP
development, including the
project
implementation of the Nairobi
Convention
ii) Establish office at UNEP in Nairobi
iii) Strengthen capacity of Nairobi Convention Secretariat and RCU
IIIb) Strengthen EAF/RCU as the
i) Consult with all stakeholders, at national and regional levels, as a means of deciding on
recognized and effective Regional Seas
measures and partnerships to address priority concerns, identifying activities and key
coordinating unit for all regional
stakeholders*
policies and activities related to coastal
and marine resources*
ii) Build capacity at the EAF/RCU through the further implementation of the Twinning
Arrangement with HELCOM, which will provide assistance and constitute an important
partner in the implementation of priorities of the work programme for the Nairobi
Convention*
D-4
Objective
Component
Activities
iii) Provide support and build capacity to enable the EAF/RCU to adequately implement
the various GPA supportive tools (e.g., innovative financing, voluntary agreements)*
iv) Provide support and build capacity in the EAF/RCU in the field of compliance and
enforcement of environmental legislation, in the field of institutional mechanisms and
improved ocean governance, in international cooperation, and in mobilizing resources for
awareness-building and public outreach*
IIIc) Determine and satisfy training
i) Conduct survey of Project National Focal Points on training needs in Land-Based
needs in region for LB activities and
activities and sources (for high officials, mid-level government, community, experts,
sources
industry, etc.)
ii) Select five priority training requirements for the region, addressing land-based activities
and sources, and develop training curricula using existing capacity and existing courses,
where possible
iii) Conduct training in the Region, leaving full course material to each attendee
IIId) Develop educational programs at
i) Conduct survey of National Focal Points on educational needs to support reduction of
all levels on LB activities and sources
land-based activities and sources
ii) Select three top priority educational needs, and develop activities to address those needs
iii) Implement the activities to address three top priority regional educational needs, in
appropriate languages
IIIe) Develop
i) Establish a Project Steering Committee consisting of Project National Focal Points, the
Regional/Governmental/Private
Nairobi Convention Secretariat, local institutions, an NGO representative, and two
Sector/Public Sector partnerships on LB representatives from private sector
activities and sources
ii) Integrate private sector into activities of this project, as appropriate as sub-contractor,
consultant, or co-sponsor of specific activities
iii) Working with private sector, identify and secure financing to replicate the
demonstration projects in other areas of the region
IIIf) Identify, strengthen, and involve
i) Develop a public participation and awareness (PPA) work plan for the Project
Stakeholders in LBS issues in the
Region
ii) Implement the PPA workplan through a PPA committee, involving national experts,
private sector, NGOs, and other interested parties
iii) Perform external annual reviews of the PPA process, and update the workplan based on
strengths and weaknesses identified in the review
iv) Provide training in Stakeholder activism and involvement, to assist region in
broadening Stakeholder empowerment in environmental issues
v) Create regional information center for broad dissemination of environmental materials to
Stakeholders; develop newsletters, web-based informational packages, etc.
D-5
Objective
Component
Activities
vi) Develop and demonstrate community-driven development, including education, local
industry, training, and empowerment in environmental decision-making
IIIg) Implement small-grants
i) Develop detailed TORs for a small-grants programme, and select a contractor to
programme for broader stakeholder
implement the small-grants programme based on competitive tender
participation
ii) Implement two rounds of small-grants competition
iii) Award and monitor small grants to winning applications
iv) Develop lessons learned in small grants activities, and publicize through the PPA
process (IIIe)
IIIh) Update TDA and SAP
i) Hire local and international consultants
ii) Prepare draft updated TDA and SAP
iii) Review at regional workshop
iv) Finalized TDA and SAP
IIIi) Develop an East African regional
i) Conduct a Needs Evaluation and prepare a strategic Workplan for the establishment of
node of the GPA Clearinghouse
regional and/or national GPA nodes*
Mechanism*
ii) Develop and launch a regional Prototype Node based on national inputs, with content
derived primarily from existing GPA relevant information and data as identified in the
Needs Evaluation*
iii) Develop a Project Evaluation and Sustainability Plan to ascertain if goals and objectives
have been met, including a donor-exit strategy*
*COMPONENTS AND ACTIVITIES TO BE FUNDED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF NORWAY
D-6
ANNEX E PRELIMINARY TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS
(Separate
attachment,
upon
request)
E-1
pro
iden
integ
F
P
En
y
Commu
Non-
S
m
a
f
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ssible.
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s
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in
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will
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t
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bl
ss o
unity
v
,
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na
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b
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III:
i
n
n
rri
v
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z
-
a
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A
w
need
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l
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t
x
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g
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n
ide
P
t
a
y
ent plan.
ed
m
H
t
ecutio
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a
io
ithin
l
v
e
De
r
n
ernm
n
e
n
a
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s
d
v
t
u
t
r
v
.
is to
o
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ews
t
P
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e
l
s
n
Th
o
the
l
l
be
b
a
o
en
c
i
o
y
n
x
p
a
f
e
t
l
ANNEX G BASELINE ACTIVITIES AND CO-FINANCING
COMOROS AND KENYA
Component Sub-Component
Comoros
Kenya
Baseline Co-financing Total
Baseline Co-financing Total
I. Reduce stress to the
Ia. Water and Sediment Assessment
120,700
100,000
220,700
1,471,732
45,186
1,516,918
ecosystem by improving
Ib. Pollutants
0
20,000
20,000
2,739,232
75,310
2,814,542
water and sediment quality
Ic. Carrying Capacity
0
25,000
25,000
587,500
24,500
612,000
Id. Hot Spots
30,000
20,000
50,000
125,000
24,500
149,500
Ie. Regional EQOa
0
20,000
20,000
82,500
22,593
105,093
If. Monitoring and Reporting Protocols
0
0
0
1,125,000
694,900
1,819,900
Ig. Demonstration Projects
0
60,000
60,000
2,775,000
277,500
3,052,500
Ih. Wastewater Guidelines and Demonstration*
Ii. PADH*
Mixed-sub-components
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
150,700
245,000
395,700
8,905,964
1,164,489
10,070,453
II. Strengthen regional
IIa. Legislation/Regulatory Framework
50,000
30,000
80,000
243,750
15,062
258,812
legal basis for preventing
IIb. International Conventions
60,000
50,000
110,000
993,000
45,200
1,038,200
land-based sources of
IIc. EIA Processes
20,000
30,000
50,000
82,500
7,500
90,000
Pollution, including
IId. National Programmes of Action
20,000
30,000
50,000
375,000
24,200
399,200
Implementation of the GPA
IIe. Protocol to the Nairobi Convention
0
15,000
15,000
125,000
15,062
140,062
IIf. ICARM*
Mixed-sub-components
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
150,000
155,000
305,000
1,819,250
107,024
1,926,274
III. Develop regional
IIIa. Establish RCU
0
30,000
30,000
137,100
45,700
182,800
capacity and strengthen
IIIb. Strengthen EAF/RCU*
institutions for sustainable,
IIIc. Training for LB
0
15,000
15,000
1,490,857
149,000
149,000
less polluting development,
IIId. Education for LB
10,000
20,000
30,000
231,875
15,062
246,937
including implementation of the
IIIe. Partnerships for LB
25,000
20,000
45,000
268,750
37,700
306,450
Nairobi Convention
IIIf. Stakeholders for LBS
10,000
5,000
15,000
282,500
37,700
320,200
IIIg. Small Grants Programme
0
60,000
60,000
120,000
60,000
180,000
IIIh. Update TDA and SAP
0
IIIi. GPA Clearinghouse Mechanism*
Mixed-sub-components
TOTAL COMPONENT:
45,000
150,000
195,000
2,531,082
345,162
2,876,244
Total Components
345,700
550,000
895,700
13,256,296
1,616,675
14,872,971
G-1
MADAGASCAR AND MAURITIUS
Component
Sub-Component
Madagascar
Mauritius
Baseline Co-financing Total
Baseline Co-financing Total
I.
Reduce stress to the
Ia. Water and Sediment Assessment
3,500
2,500
6,000
0
ecosystem by improving
Ib. Pollutants
2500
7,500
10,000
0
water and sediment quality
Ic. Carrying Capacity
2,000
1000
3,000
0
Id. Hot Spots
2,000
0
2,000
0
Ie. Regional EQOa
1,500
1000
2,500
0
If. Monitoring and Reporting Protocols
2,000
5000
7,000
0
Ig. Demonstration Projects
8,300
9000
17,300
0
Ih. Wastewater Guidelines and Demonstration*
Ii. PADH*
Mixed-sub-components
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
21,800
26,000
47,800
7,766,667
40,000
7,806,667
II. Strengthen regional
IIa. Legislation/Regulatory Framework
1,500
1000
2,500
0
legal basis for preventing
IIb. International Conventions
1500
1000
2,500
land-based sources of
IIc. EIA Processes
1,500
1000
2,500
0
Pollution, including
IId. National Programmes of Action
1500
3000
4,500
Implementation of the GPA
IIe. Protocol to the Nairobi Convention
2500
1500
4,000
IIf. ICARM*
Mixed-sub-components
TOTAL COMPONENT:
8,500
7,500
16,000
7,766,667
40,000
7,806,667
III. Develop regional
IIIa. Establish RCU
3,000
4000
7,000
0
capacity and strengthen
IIIb. Strengthen EAF/RCU*
institutions for sustainable,
IIIc. Training for LB
2500
5,500
5,500
0
less polluting development,
IIId. Education for LB
4,500
5000
9,500
0
Including implementation of the
IIIe. Partnerships for LB
4,500
5,000
9,500
0
Nairobi Convention
IIIf. Stakeholders for LBS
3,000
5000
8,000
0
IIIg. Small Grants Programme
0
0
0
0
IIIh. Update TDA and SAP
IIIi. GPA Clearinghouse Mechanism*
Mixed-sub-components
TOTAL COMPONENT:
17,500
24,500
42,000
7,766,667
40,000
7,806,667
Total Components
47,800
58,000
105,800
23,300,000
120,000
23,420,000
G-2
MOZAMBIQUE AND SEYCHELLES
Component
Sub-Component
Mozambique
Seychelles
Baseline
Co-financing Total
Baseline
Co-financing Total
I. Reduce stress to the
Ia. Water and Sediment Assessment
75,000
20,000
95,000
12,000
2,000
14,000
ecosystem by improving
Ib. Pollutants
65,000
15,000
80,000
12,000
6,000
18,000
water and sediment quality
Ic. Carrying Capacity
300,000
20,000
320,000
0
2,000
2,000
Id. Hot Spots
25,000
10,000
35,000
24,000
6,000
30,000
Ie. Regional EQOa
120,000
5,000
125,000
10,000
2,000
12,000
If. Monitoring and Reporting Protocols
65,000
15,000
80,000
0
2,000
2,000
Ig. Demonstration Projects
200,000
25,000
225,000
0
2,000
2,000
Ih. Wastewater Guidelines and Demonstration*
Ii. PADH*
Mixed-sub-components
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
850,000
110,000
960,000
58,000
22,000
80,000
II. Strengthen regional
IIa. Legislation/Regulatory Framework
75,000
5,000
80,000
12,000
6,000
18,000
legal basis for preventing
IIb. International Conventions
50,000
5,000
55,000
12,000
6,000
18,000
land-based sources of
IIc. EIA Processes
60,000
10,000
70,000
26,000
10,000
36,000
Pollution, including
IId. National Programmes of Action
100,000
5,000
105,000
10,000
1,000
11,000
Implementation of the GPA
IIe. Protocol to the Nairobi Convention
25,000
5,000
30,000
12,000
3,000
15,000
IIf. ICARM*
Mixed-sub-components
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
310,000
30,000
340,000
72,000
26,000
98,000
III. Develop regional
IIIa. Establish RCU
5,000
15,000
20,000
20,000
0
20,000
capacity and strengthen
IIIb. Strengthen EAF/RCU*
institutions for sustainable,
IIIc. Training for LB
50,000
10,000
10,000
0
4,000
4,000
less polluting development,
IIId. Education for LB
15,000
5,000
20,000
10,000
3,000
13,000
Including implementation of the
IIIe. Partnerships for LB
15,000
5,000
20,000
10,000
3,000
13,000
Nairobi Convention
IIIf. Stakeholders for LBS
0
10,000
10,000
12,000
2,000
14,000
IIIg. Small Grants Programme
150,000
50,000
200,000
0
0
0
IIIh. Update TDA and SAP
IIIi. GPA Clearinghouse Mechanism*
Mixed-sub-components
TOTAL COMPONENT:
235,000
95,000
330,000
52,000
12,000
64,000
Total Components
1,395,000
235,000
1,630,000
182,000
60,000
242,000
G-3
SOUTH AFRICA AND TANZANIA
Component Sub-Component
South
Africa
Tanzania
Baseline Co-financing Total
Baseline Co-financing Total
I. Reduce stress to the
Ia. Water and Sediment Assessment
1,845,000
20,000
1,865,000
100,000
20,000
120,000
ecosystem by improving
Ib. Pollutants
190,000
25,000
215,000
100,000
20,000
120,000
water and sediment quality
Ic. Carrying Capacity
0
10,000
10,000
75,000
15,000
90,000
Id. Hot Spots
0
50,000
50,000
50,000
10,000
60,000
Ie. Regional EQOa
30,000
0
30,000
250,000
50,000
300,000
If. Monitoring and Reporting Protocols
30,000
5,000
35,000
70,000
15,000
85,000
Ig. Demonstration Projects
1,000,000
0
1,000,000
150,000
40,000
190,000
Ih. Wastewater Guidelines and Demonstration*
Ii. PADH*
Mixed-sub-components
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
3,095,000
110,000
3,205,000
795,000
170,000
965,000
II. Strengthen regional
IIa. Legislation/Regulatory Framework
45,000
0
45,000
75,000
15,000
90,000
legal basis for preventing
IIb. International Conventions
90,000
0
90,000
40,000
10,000
50,000
land-based sources of
IIc. EIA Processes
3,000,000
0
3,000,000
50,000
10,000
60,000
Pollution, including
IId. National Programmes of Action
35,000
20,000
55,000
140,000
30,000
170,000
Implementation of the GPA
IIe. Protocol to the Nairobi Convention
0
5,000
5,000
50,000
10,000
60,000
IIf. ICARM*
Mixed-sub-components
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
3,170,000
25,000
3,195,000
355,000
75,000
430,000
III. Develop regional
IIIa. Establish RCU
35,000
0
35,000
0
0
0
capacity and strengthen
IIIb. Strengthen EAF/RCU*
institutions for sustainable,
IIIc. Training for LB
1,000
5,000
5,000
50,000
10,000
60,000
less polluting development,
IIId. Education for LB
0
20,000
20,000
75,000
15,000
90,000
Including implementation of the
IIIe. Partnerships for LB
51,300,000
0
51,300,000
50,000
10,000
60,000
Nairobi Convention
IIIf. Stakeholders for LBS
50,000
0
50,000
10,000
2,000
12,000
IIIg. Small Grants Programme
0
10,000
10,000
150,000
40,000
190,000
IIIh. Update TDA and SAP
IIIi. GPA Clearinghouse Mechanism*
Mixed-sub-components
TOTAL COMPONENT:
51,386,000
35,000
51,421,000
335,000
77,000
412,000
Total Components
57,651,000
170,000
57,821,000
1,485,000
322,000
1,807,000
G-4
PROJECT SUMMARY
Component
Sub-Component
All Countries Combined
GEF
Donors
Alternative
WIO
Baseline
Co-Financing
Norway*
Project Total
UNEP**
I. Reduce stress to the
Ia. Water and Sediment Assessment
3,627,932
209,686
177,100
4,014,718
4,014,718
ecosystem by improving
Ib. Pollutants
3,108,732
168,810
225,000
3,502,542
3,502,542
water and sediment quality
Ic. Carrying Capacity
964,500
97,500
90,700
1,152,700
1,152,700
Id. Hot Spots
256,000
120,500
31,000
407,500
407,500
Ie. Regional EQOa
494,000
100,593
85,750
680,343
680,343
If. Monitoring and Reporting Protocols
1,292,000
736,900
146,000
2,174,900
2,174,900
Ig. Demonstration Projects
4,133,300
413,500
493,680
5,040,480
5,040,480
Ih. Wastewater Guidelines and Demonstration*
1,237,350*
1,237,350
Ii. PADH*
632,800*
632,800
Mixed-sub-components 0
0
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
21,643,131
1,887,489
1,249,230
1,870,150*
26,650,000
26,650,000
II. Strengthen regional
IIa. Legislation/Regulatory Framework
502,250
72,062
39,010
613,322
613,322
legal basis for preventing
IIb. International Conventions
1,246,500
117,200
64,750
1,428,450
1,428,450
land-based sources of
IIc. EIA Processes
3,240,000
68,500
62,000
3,370,500
3,370,500
Pollution, including
IId. National Programmes of Action
681,500
113,200
184,100
429,400*
1,408,200
1,408,200
Implementation of the GPA
IIe. Protocol to the Nairobi Convention
214,500
54,562
138,720
407,782
407,782
IIf. ICARM*
418,100*
418,100
Iig. Establish a regional coordinating mechanism
150.000
for IW projects
Mixed-sub-components 0
0
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
13,651,417
465,524
638,580
847,500*
15,603,021
15,603,021
III. Develop regional
IIIa. Establish RCU
200,100
94,700
685,051
375,000**
979,851
979,851
capacity and strengthen
IIIb. Strengthen EAF/RCU*
474,600*
474,600
474,600
institutions for sustainable,
IIIb. Training for LB
1,594,357
198,500
151,000
1,943,857
1,943,857
less polluting development,
IIIc. Education for LB
346,375
83,062
134,180
563,617
563,617
Including implementation of the
IIId. Partnerships for LB
51,673,250
80,700
144,000
51,897,950
51,897,950
Nairobi Convention
IIIe. Stakeholders for LBS
367,500
61,700
512,940
942,140
942,140
IIIf. Small Grants Programme
420,000
220,000
266,600
906,600
906,600
IIIg. Update TDA and SAP
130,700
130,700
130,700
IIIh. GPA Clearinghouse Mechanism*
203,400*
203,400
203,400
Mixed-sub-components 0
0
0
0
TOTAL COMPONENT:
62,368,249
778,662
2,024,471
1,053,000
66,224,382
66,224,382
Total Components
97,662,796
3,131,675
3,912,281
3,770,650
108,327,402
108,327,402
G-5
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ANNEX I
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
WIO-LaB
NAIROBI CONVENTION
GOVERNMENTS
SECRETARIAT / RCU
(through Interministerial Coordination
Committee)
NATIONAL FOCAL
OTHER
POINTS
STAKE-
HOLDERS
STEERING
NATIONAL EXPERTS
COMMITTEE
NAT'L INSTITUTIONS
STAKEHOLDERS
WIO LaB Management Unit
(WMU)
INT'L CONSULTANTS
I-1
A
NN
E
X
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2