•At least 30-40% of
rivers and lakes show eutrophication symptoms or bring high nitrogen fluxes to coastal waters and seas. The agricultural
origin is 50 - 80% of total N inputs to EU waters, depending on Member
States, watersheds and annual variations;
•All M. S. have now
transposed the directive, set up a comprehensive monitoring
network, established a code of good practice, and designated
at least partially their vulnerable zones (except Ireland);
•A CAP
more oriented towards quality rather than quantity, encouraging extensive
cropping or breeding, “buffer” natural areas
and accurate balanced fertilisation, can further contribute to these purposes;
•Cost-efficiency studies
on preventive measures should also be encouraged, in order to focus action
programmes and practice changes towards the most efficient
one;