Cost of Invasion
Concept : Sum of direct and indirect costs including :
• Cost of decline in catch from maximum sustainable yield
• Lost wages of fishermen and kilka processing plants workers
• Govt subsidies in lieu of fisheries halt
• Annualized cost of fleet deprecations and stopped plants.
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Lessons learnt : “causality’  is an assumption that will need be theoretically backed; hugely difficult to look at consequential damages