United Nations



Distr. restricted



Environment Programme

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3



















5th April 2002



Global Environment Facility

Original: ENGLISH















Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends
in the
South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand










REPORT

First Meeting of the Regional Working Group for
the Land-based Pollution Component

Bangkok, Thailand, 3 - 5 April 2002















UNEP/GEF
Bangkok, April 2002

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Table of Contents
1.
OPENING OF THE MEETING................................................................................................. 1
1.1 WELCOME ADDRESS........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 INTRODUCTION OF MEMBERS.............................................................................................. 1
2.
ORGANISATION OF THE MEETING ...................................................................................... 1
2.1 DESIGNATION OF OFFICERS................................................................................................ 1
2.2 ORGANISATION OF WORK.................................................................................................. 2
3.
ADOPTION OF THE MEETING AGENDA................................................................................ 2
4.
TERMS OF REFERENCE AND RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE REGIONAL WORKING
GROUP FOR LAND-BASED POLLUTION (RWG-LbP) ............................................................ 2
4.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE REGIONAL WORKING GROUP FOR LAND-BASED POLLUTION ............. 2
4.2 MEMBERSHIP OF THE REGIONAL WORKING GROUP FOR LAND-BASED POLLUTION........................... 3
4.3 RULES OF PROCEDURE...................................................................................................... 3
5.
MANAGEMENT AND OVERALL OBJECTIVES OF THE UNEP/GEF PROJECT ......................... 3
5.1 REPORTING RELATIONSHIPS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE REGIONAL WORKING GROUP AND
ITS ROLE IN ACHIEVING PROJECT OBJECTIVES.......................................................................... 3
5.2 FISCAL RESPONSIBILITIES (RECORDING & REPORTING) OF THE NATIONAL FOCAL POINTS OF
EACH SPECIALISED EXECUTING AGENCY ............................................................................... 4
6.
OVERALL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE LAND-BASED POLLUTION COMPONENT....... 5
6.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES CONTAINED IN THE PROJECT BRIEF...................................... 5
6.2 ANTICIPATED ACTIVITIES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE "REGIONAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE
PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE EAST ASIAN SEAS FROM THE EFFECTS OF
LAND-BASED POLLUTION" ................................................................................................. 6
6.3 OTHER RELEVANT ACTIVITIES IN THE REGION, E.G. THE ASEAN REGIONAL WORKING GROUP ON
COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENT................................................................................. 6
7.
IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF THE IMPACTS OF LAND-BASED POLLUTION
IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA & GULF OF THAILAND............................................................... 7
8.
ASSESSING SOURCES AND PATHWAYS, (I.E. ATMOSPHERIC, GROUNDWATER AND
RIVER DISCHARGE), AND DISTRIBUTION OF CONTAMINATION AND POLLUTION
IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA MARINE BASIN.......................................................................... 8
9.
DATA AND INFORMATION NEEDS FOR THE LAND-BASED POLLUTION COMPONENT ......... 9
9.1 REVIEW OF THE LAND-BASED POLLUTION SECTIONS OF THE NATIONAL REPORTS AND THE
TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS, PRODUCED DURING THE PREPARATORY PHASE OF THE
PROJECT ....................................................................................................................... 9
9.2 NATIONAL AND REGIONAL SOURCES OF DATA AND INFORMATION.............................................. 10
10. DISCUSSION AND ADOPTION OF THE WORKPLANS FOR THE NATIONAL
COMMITTEES AND REGIONAL WORKING GROUP FOR 2002-2003 ..................................... 10
11. ANY OTHER BUSINESS...................................................................................................... 11
12. DATE AND PLACE OF THE NEXT MEETING OF THE REGIONAL WORKING GROUP
FOR LAND-BASED POLLUTION ......................................................................................... 11
13. ADOPTION OF THE REPORT OF THE MEETING ................................................................. 11
14. CLOSURE OF THE MEETING.............................................................................................. 11


List of Annexes
i

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Annex 1
List of Participants


Annex 2
List of Documents

Annex 3
Agenda

Annex 4
Financial Rules and Financial Reporting Requirements for National Focal
Points Operating in the Framework of the UNEP/GEF Project entitled:
"Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf
of Thailand"

Annex 5
ASEAN Working Group on Coastal and Marine Environment: Scope of Work and
Activities

Annex 6
Flow Chart of Actions for the Land-Based Pollution Component of the UNEP GEF
South China Sea Project

Annex 7
Initial guidance for the National Committees on Land-based Pollution regarding
criteria, indicators data and information needs for the analysis of Hot Spots in the
South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand

Annex 8
Analysis of Pollution Data Contained in the National Reports of Participating
Countries

Annex 9
Schedule of Meetings and Workplan for 2002

Annex 10
Data and Information Requirements for Preparation of a Regional Synthesis
and Overview of Land-based Pollution in the South China Sea Marine Basin

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Report of the Meeting

1.
OPENING OF THE MEETING

1.1
Welcome address
1.1.1 The Project Director, Dr. John Pernetta, opened the meeting on behalf of Dr. Klaus Töpfer, the
Executive Director of UNEP and Dr. Ahmed Djoghlaf, the Director, Division of GEF Co-ordination. He
welcomed participants to the first meeting of the Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution
(RWG-LbP) and noted the high importance accorded this project by UNEP and the GEF. He informed
the meeting of the strong desire of the Executive Director that the project stimulate renewed interest in
regional, co-operative management of the most biologically diverse shallow water area of the marine
environment in the world.
1.1.2 Dr. Pernetta noted further that, the project was large and complex and that this Working Group
was central to the regional level co-ordination and management of the national contributions to the Land-
based pollution component. This initial meeting is vital in providing guidance to the National Focal Points
and through them to the National Committees regarding the work to be undertaken and to ensure that
the data and information assembled at the national level are comparable and compatible between all
participating countries. It will be important to ensure that this scientific and technical guidance is
collective, not only at the regional, but also equally importantly, at the national level.
1.1.3 On behalf of the Executive Director the Project Director reiterated the strong support of UNEP
for this initiative and to assisting the countries of the region in developing more regionally co-ordinated
approaches to addressing the problems of the marine environment. He noted that this project was
viewed in many quarters as being both significant and well designed and expressed the hope that the
meeting would be successful in providing the necessary scientific and technical guidance that would
ensure a strong and well balanced initiation of activities in the Land-based component of the project that
would complement other regional activities supported by UNEP in particular those envisaged in the
framework of the Global Programme of Action to Protect the Marine Environment from Land-based
Activities (GPA/LBA).

1.2
Introduction of members
1.2.1 The participants introduced themselves and provided the meeting with a brief outline of their
expertise and experience and elaborated on their roles in the project. The list of participants is attached
as Annex 1 to this report.

2.
ORGANISATION OF THE MEETING

2.1
Designation of officers
2.1.1 In accordance with the rules of procedure for the Project Steering Committee participants were
invited to nominate a Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson and Rapporteur for the meeting.
2.1.2 Mr. Vicente Diaz, National Focal Point for Land-based Pollution in the Philippines nominated
Mr. Sudariyono, Focal Point for Land-based Pollution in Indonesia, as Chairperson of the meeting. Mr.
Sudaryono was duly elected by acclamation.
2.1.3 Mr. Pak Sokharavuth Focal Point for Land-based Pollution in Cambodia nominated Dr. Pham
Van Ninh, Focal Point for Land-based Pollution for Vietnam as Vice Chairperson of the meeting. Dr. Ninh
was duly elected by acclamation.
2.1.4 Mr. Han Baoxin, Focal Point for Land-based Pollution in China, nominated, Ms. Pornsook
Chongprasith, Focal Point for Land-based Pollution in Thailand, as Rapporteur of the meeting. Ms.
Chongprasith was duly elected by acclamation.

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2.2
Organisation of work
2.2.1 The Project Director introduced the document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.1, listing the
discussion documents prepared by the Secretariat for the meeting together with additional information
documents of relevance to the business before the RWG-LbP. He noted that some amendments to the
documents prepared for the meeting had been made and that these would be highlighted during the
presentation of each document under the appropriate agenda items. The list of documents available to
the meeting is attached as Annex 2 to this report.
2.2.2 He further noted that the meeting would be conducted in English and in plenary as far as
possible, although sessional working groups might need to be formed, given the volume of business
before the RWG-LbP. He proposed, and the meeting agreed that, the meeting would commence at
08:30 in the morning and continue at the discretion of the Chairperson and members until such time as
an appropriate point in the agenda was reached.

3.
ADOPTION OF THE MEETING AGENDA
3.1
The Chairperson presented the draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat as document
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/1, and invited discussion and proposals for any amendments or additions
that members might wish to make.
3.2
It was proposed, and the meeting agreed, to adopt the agenda as drafted by the Secretariat and
contained in Annex 3 to this report.

4.
TERMS OF REFERENCE AND RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE REGIONAL WORKING
GROUP FOR LAND-BASED POLLUTION (RWG-LbP)

4.1
Terms of reference for the Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution
4.1.1 The Chairperson invited the Secretariat to introduce document UNEP/GEF/SCS/PSC.1/3 and in
particular the Terms of Reference for the Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution for the project
entitled "Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand"
contained in Annex VIII of that document, and reproduced as document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-
LbP/INF.7. In introducing this document the Project Director noted that these Terms of Reference had
been adopted and approved by the Project Steering Committee and that any proposals for amendment
would need to be referred back to that committee.
4.1.2 The question was asked as to why four regional experts were proposed to be added as
members of the RWG-LbP and how it was intended that the RWG-LbP should "provide a mechanism for
exchange of information" as required under the rationale and purpose. The Project Director informed the
meeting that the original intention to add four regional experts was based on a desire not to outnumber
the national focal points but also to ensure the RWG-LbP contained an adequate balance and spread of
expertise whilst at the same time remaining small enough to ensure that its business was conducted in
an efficient manner. It was further noted that the RWG-LbP should have the opportunity to add additional
members as the requirements of the business required.
4.1.3 In response to a query regarding the requirement for the RWG-LbP to develop guidelines for
national legislation, the Senior Expert responded by pointing out the need for a regional perspective to
be incorporated in national legislation and that the intention was that at a regional level the project
should provide guidance to national governments on alternative instruments, both policy and legislative
that could be used by countries within the region in controlling land-based pollution.
4.1.4 A question was raised regarding the mechanisms whereby the workplans and progress reports
from the RWG-LbP would be transmitted to the RSTC. In response it was pointed out that the
Chairperson of each Regional Working Group was an automatic member of the RSTC and hence they
would be responsible for reporting to the meetings of the RSTC on the work of the Regional Working
Group. In addition it was noted that the Project Co-ordinating Unit had a primary responsibility in
ensuring that information coming from the RWGs was transmitted in a timely manner to both the
members of the RSTC and the PSC.
4.1.5 Participants noted that a key responsibility for the RWG-LbP was to develop workplans and
hence to decide what should be done, how to do it and when to do it, and that this was a key
responsibility for the first meeting. It was suggested that clear guidance needs to be provided to the

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National Committees on what were considered national and what regional level responsibilities and to
provide some guidance on the manner in which the identified tasks should be carried out at the national
level.
4.1.6 A query was raised concerning what was precisely intended by the term meta-data, and in
response it was noted that the intention of the project was not to collect and assemble primary data
sets, but rather to develop a directory of data sources indicating the nature of the data held, the
limitations on its use and the manner of access.
4.1.7 An additional query was raised regarding whether or not pollution resulting from platform-based
activities was to be included in a consideration of land base sources. In response it was suggested that
where such sources are significant contributors to pollution at a particular hot spot they could not be
ignored.
4.1.8 Following some discussion and requests for clarification from the members the terms of
reference were accepted as detailed in Annex VIII of the 1st Project Steering Committee meeting report.

4.2
Membership of the Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution
4.2.1 The meeting noted that the membership of the RWG-LbP as detailed in the Terms of Reference
for the Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution includes as full members, the Chairpersons of
each of the National Committees for Land-based Pollution of the participating countries; one member of
the Project Co-ordinating Unit and up to four regional experts nominated by the PCU in consultation with
the National Technical Focal Points.
4.2.2 The Project Director informed the meeting that Mr. Yihang Jiang would serve as the Project Co-
ordinating Unit nominated member of this RWG-LbP given his extensive experience in the fields of
pollution and oceanographic modelling.
4.2.3 Participants noted that the PCU in consultation with the National Technical Focal Points shall
nominate no more than four regional experts as members of the RWG-LbP. The meeting noted further
that final nominations for these expert members positions would be made by the PCU prior to the next
meeting of the RWG-LbP, but that in the interim Dr. Gullaya Wattayakorn had kindly agreed to
participate in this meeting in her individual expert capacity, following her participation in the First
Meeting of the Regional Scientific and Technical Committee.
4.2.4 The meeting noted that under Rule 6 of the Rules of Procedure for the Project Steering
Committee the group had the right to co-opt additional experts as observers or advisors and that it had
been agreed that the RWG-LbP might need to invite additional experts to participate in meetings to
expand the range of expertise available.

4.3
Rules of procedure
4.3.1 The RWG-LbP noted that the Project Steering Committee had, at its first meeting in October
2001 adopted rules of procedure for the conduct of its meetings. The Rules of Procedure of the Project
Steering Committee are contained in Annex XIII of document UNEP/GEF/SCS/PSC.1/3. The RWG-LbP
noted further that the Regional Scientific & Technical Committee had agreed to adopt, mutatis mutandis1
the Rules of Procedure for the PSC, as rules for the conduct of its business.
4.3.2 The issue was raised during discussion that rule 16 was not appropriate for the RWG-LbP since
the group would hold two sessions between each meeting of the RSTC. It was proposed and agreed that
the Chairperson, Vice-chairperson and Rapporteur of the RWG-LbP would serve for one calendar year in
order to ensure proper representation of the RWG-LbP during the next meeting of the RSTC. The RWG-
LbP agreed to adopt, (subject to the change to rule 16) mutatis mutandis, the Rules of Procedure for the
PSC contained in sections IV, V, VI and VII as rules for the conduct of its sessions.
5.
MANAGEMENT AND OVERALL OBJECTIVES OF THE UNEP/GEF PROJECT
5.1
Reporting relationships and responsibilities of the Regional Working Group and its role
in achieving project objectives
5.1.1 The Project Director was invited to explain the relationship between the National Committees,

1 Subject to any necessary changes including substitution of "Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution" for the
term "Project Steering Committee" throughout.

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the Regional Working Groups and the Regional Scientific & Technical Committee as outlined in
document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RSTC.1/INF.4.
5.1.2 The Project Director explained that the primary purpose of the RWG-LbP was to ensure that the
National Committees for land-based pollution conducted their work in a comparable manner such that
the outputs could be synthesized at a regional level. The RWG-LbP would therefore need to provide
through the Technical Focal Points in each country, guidance regarding the data and information needs
to the National Committees for Land-based Pollution. The RWG-LbP would also need to determine, the
way in which this should be assembled and ultimately this group would determine the regional priorities
for action, capacity needs and networking arrangements to ensure a co-ordinated approach to
addressing issues of land-based pollution.
5.1.3 In addition, it was noted that the Chairperson of the RWG-LbP would serve as a member of the
Regional Scientific and Technical Committee (RSTC) and would therefore be responsible for ensuring
that the recommendations of the group were presented to the RSTC and that advice from the RSTC was
transmitted to the RWG-LbP. The Chairperson would be assisted in this task, by the Project Director
who was also a full member of the RSTC.
5.1.4 The meeting noted that the first meeting of the RSTC had taken place in Pattaya, Thailand from,
21-23rd March and that since all the RWGs had not met prior to this it had not been possible for the
Chairpersons to be invited to that meeting. The meeting noted however, that Drs. Ninh, Wattayakorn,
and Anond Sndivongs, together with Dr. Pernetta and Mr. Jiang from the PCU, had participated in the
first meeting of the RSTC and that they would therefore be in a position to brief the RWG-LbP on the
outcomes of that meeting.
5.1.5 The RWG-LbP discussed the presentation and the contents of the document and agreed that
the responsibilities of the group in terms of reporting and the modalities for interaction at both the
national and regional levels were clear.

5.2
Fiscal responsibilities (recording & reporting) of the National Focal Points of each
Specialised Executing Agency
5.2.1 The Project Director was invited to introduce document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RSTC.1/INF.5 on
financial rules and financial reporting requirements to secure anticipated cash flows in accordance with
the budgets contained in the MoUs. This document is included as Annex 4 to this report.
5.2.2 The Project Director outlined the process of budget approval and fund disbursement and noted
that the Project Steering Committee had overall responsibility for budget allocations and planning within
the framework approved by the GEF Council in the Project Brief. He further noted that the responsibility
for authorizing project expenditures and disbursements lay with the Project Co-ordinating Unit, operating
under the guidance and decisions of the PSC. He noted that initially project activities had been approved
by COBSEA and on the basis of these an estimated budget was prepared by UNEP, submitted and
approved by the GEF Council, which determined the allocations by project component. The Project
Steering Committee at its first meeting in Thailand, October 22-23rd 2001 had approved the overall
framework budget for the five years of the project and the detailed budget including allocations to the
Specialised Executing Agencies (SEAs) for the first two years.
5.2.3 Disbursement of funds by UNEP is facilitated by ESCAP under authorisation from the PCU and
takes place in advance of the SEAs incurring expenditures in line with the budgets attached to the
MoUs. These budgets clearly indicate the purpose for which the funds are provided by UNEP on behalf
of the GEF to the Specialised Executing Agencies. The SEAs are authorised to spend the cash
advances in accordance with the detailed budget, and the meeting noted that UNEP will not reimburse
expenditures for items not detailed in the approved budget. It was noted further that during project
execution there might be unplanned costs, over-expenditures and/or under-expenditures that would
require revision of the budget. When unplanned expenditures, under-expenditures or over-expenditures
are foreseen, the Focal Point in the SEA should contact the PCU to seek a budget revision.
5.2.4 In respect of reporting requirements every six-months the SEA is required to provide three
documents to the PCU as follows: six monthly expenditure statement; cash advance request; and six
monthly progress report. The six monthly expenditure statements should report the actual expenditures
th
st
to 30 June and 31 December in the form provided. Supporting documentation for expenditures were
outlined and it was noted that for items of equipment an original receipt is required; for consultancy
contracts, a copy of the signed contract and copy of the original product; for a meeting, a copy of the

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report of the meeting, plus any substantive outputs; for Travel by air, the original receipt from the Travel
Agent. Each SEA should retain original documentation for each expenditure until the end of the project.
The Six Monthly Progress Report in the form provided should contain details of the substantive activities
and outputs of the SEA and National Committees. On the basis of this report and the substantive
outputs UNEP judges whether the terms of the MoU have been met in a satisfactory manner.

6.
OVERALL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE LAND-BASED POLLUTION COMPONENT
6.1
General description of activities contained in the Project Brief
6.1.1 The Senior Expert, Mr. Jiang presented an outline of the pollution related activities listed in the
Project Brief and summarised in the discussion document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/4, in the
context of the overall goals and medium term objectives of the project, specifically the need to develop
further the draft Strategic Action Programme encompassing specific targeted and costed actions for the
longer-term, to address the priority issues and concerns.
6.1.2 He noted that at various points in the Project Brief specific actions or activities were mentioned
which included inter alia2: an initial review of national standards and controls; harmonisation of such
standards at a regional level; a review and assessment of existing knowledge of regional water quality;
and the need to determine information gaps early in the process. Of a more substantive nature he noted
the need to evaluate the "carrying capacity" of sub-regions and sensitive ecosystems with respect to
pollution load; and to evaluate transboundary movements of contaminants; to produce guidelines/action
programmes for implementation of the GPA at the national and regional level; to review national capacity
to test, monitor, control and enforce water quality and effluent standards; prepare guidelines for the
development of national management plans, including capacity building; legislation, and other
appropriate components to achieve the agreed water quality objectives.
6.1.3 He noted further that a key initial set of activities involved consideration of pollution hot-spots in
the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand including their initial identification and quantification,
determination of regional priorities for action, and an evaluation of the costs and benefits of alternative
interventions.
6.1.4 The meeting noted the contents of document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RSTC.1/4, regarding the
expectations of the GEF with respect to project execution, and reviewed the constraints and limitations
imposed by the terms of the GEF grant in supporting activities in the different project components.
Participants noted that in order to achieve the objectives described within the Land-based Pollution
component of the project it will be necessary to review at the national and regional level, water quality
standards and information regarding contamination, its transboundary movements and impacts on
sensitive ecosystems.


2 Amongst others.

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6.2
Anticipated activities in the framework of the "Regional Programme of Action for the
Protection of the Marine Environment of the East Asian Seas from the Effects of Land-
based Pollution"
6.2.1 The Senior Expert, Mr. Jiang introduced document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/5 and provided
information on planned activities to be undertaken by UNEP in the framework of the "Regional
Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the East Asian Seas from the
Effects of Land-based Pollution", which included initial identification of the regional problems of pollution
from land-based activities, followed by establishment of regional priorities, the development and
implementation of management approaches and processes, and development of pilot projects.
6.2.2 He noted that to date a workshop had been held and a regional project on hot spots developed
with financial support from the United States of America. The workshop had discussed and agreed to
prepare: Regional Guidelines for Treatment and Management of Sewage; Regional Guidelines for
Innovative solutions for Sewage Control and Treatment; and Regional Guidelines for Building
Partnerships in Sewage Control and Treatment.
6.2.3 The Regional Programme of Action (RPA) was designed as a source-specific approach, which
aims to control contaminants/pollutants from different sources in order to protect the marine environment
from pollution sources. A hot spot is defined in the context of the RPA as being:
"A limited and definable area in which there are major anthropogenic sources and/or human
activities, or aggregations of such sources and/or activities, that adversely affect or
threaten to adversely affect, human health, ecosystems, biodiversity, sustainability or have
adverse economic effects such as the viability and marketability of living resources that
would appear to warrant priority management attention"
6.2.4 The longer-term intent of the programme is to upgrade national capacity for managing pollution
at the identified hot spots, to enhance availability of data and information for use in management of hot
spots (A GIS information system will be developed for the region); and to enhance knowledge and
experience of managing land-based pollution in the region.
6.2.5 Questions were raised regarding the relationship between the activities of the GPA Regional
Programme of Action and activities under the South China Sea Project. In response it was noted that
both activities were being co-ordinated by UNEP and in particular through the PCU and EAS/RCU, which
were co-located in Bangkok, and are responsible for managing both activities. In addition the Regional
Programme focussed on the "sources" of land-based pollution whilst the South China Sea project
focuses on the "impacts" of the pollution.

6.3
Other relevant activities in the region, e.g. the ASEAN Regional Working Group on
Coastal and Marine Environment
6.3.1 Dr. Chongprasith provided an over-view of the activities of the ASEAN Working Group on Coastal
and Marine Environment, related to the pollution activities of the South China Sea project, which
included the development of regional water quality criteria by ASEAN based on relevant toxicity testing
undertaken within the region. At the ASEAN/UNEP Workshop on Coastal and Marine Environment in
Southeast Asia: Status and Opportunities for Regional Cooperation, financially supported by UNEP, held
in Thailand during 11-13th March 2002, 17 parameters were adopted to propose as ASEAN criteria for
consideration at the Fourth Meeting of the ASEAN Working Group on Coastal and Marine Environment.
These criteria values were developed by ASEAN experts based on relevant toxicity testing undertaken in
the ASEAN region. The 17 parameters are ammonia, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, copper,
temperature, cyanide, dissolved oxygen, lead, mercury, nitrate, nitrite, oil and grease, total phenol,
phosphate, tributyltin and total suspended solid for aquatic life protection; and bacteria (faecal coliform
and enterococci) for human health protection. A summary is attached as Annex 5 to this report.
6.3.2 It was noted by the RWG-LbP that the Land Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ)
Core Project of the IGBP had undertaken a number of relevant activities within the region, in particular
the nutrient and carbon budgeting project which involved an evaluation of coastal system changes
consequent upon changes in nutrient flux. The second project co-sponsored by LOICZ was the
Southeast Asian Regional Committee for START (SARCS), Netherlands Foundation for Tropical
research (WOTRO), and LOICZ (SWOL) project which was focussed on economic valuation of coastal
resources. The Project Director noted the need to develop coastal valuation methods applicable to the
region for use by policy and decision makers and this need was supported by the Chairperson based on

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his recent experiences in negotiation of insurance claims resulting from oil spill damage to natural
environments in the region.
6.3.3 The activities of PEMSEA in developing models for integrated coastal zone management at a
number of demonstration sites in the region were noted. The meeting noted further that PEMSEA
focussed on local scale interventions whilst the primary focus of the present project was at a regional
scale. It was also noted that during a recent meeting of PEMSEA the management of PEMSEA and the
present project had made it clear to all participants that there was no overlap in the envisaged actions
under each project but that on the contrary clear complementarity and hence possibilities for each
project to build on the activities and experiences of the other existed. The meeting noted that two of the
National Focal Points for Land Based Pollution in the South China Sea Project were also directly
involved in PEMSEA and that provided a sound basis for ensuring transfer of information between the two
separate activities.
6.3.4 The meeting also took note of the fact that GIWA region 55 (the South China Sea) outputs
might be useful to the present project although it was noted that the policy level analysis envisaged in
the later phases of GIWA might not be directly relevant to the regional and national objectives of the
South China Sea Project.
6.3.5 The meeting noted that the South China Sea Informal Working Group, had provided initial funds
to the SEA-START Regional Centre in Chulalongkorn University to commence digitisation of data
relating to the South China Sea and that subsequently additional data sets had been added such that
the system now formed the basis for a growing set of data overlays including population, geology and
bathymetry amongst others. It was agreed that this data set would be made available to the members of
the RWG-LbP and that the national committees would examine this with a view to providing ground
truthing for remotely sensed data and additional data sets to widen and increase the coverage of this
important regional resource.

7.
IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF THE IMPACTS OF LAND-BASED POLLUTION
IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA & GULF OF THAILAND
7.1
The Chairperson invited the PCU to introduce document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/6
containing an initial discussion of the criteria, indicators, data and information required to achieve the
goals and objectives of this component. The Senior Expert noted that the main goal of this component
within the overall framework of the project is to assist the participating countries in identifying appropriate
actions to reduce the impacts of land-based pollution in the marine environment. In order to achieve this
goal the project must assemble appropriate quantitative data including economic valuation of the
impacts, and those in the areas of: human health; water quality; food safety and living marine
organisms.
7.2
Mr. Jiang drew the attention of the meeting to the guidance from the Regional Scientific and
Technical Committee regarding the criteria, indicators, data and information requirements contained in
Annex 5 of the RSTC meeting report. In addition he noted the definition of "pollution hot-spots" proposed
for use within the framework of the UNEP/GEF project, which is as follows:
"A limited and definable area in which there are prevailing environmental conditions
attributable to anthropogenic activities that adversely affect, or threaten to affect, human
health, threaten ecosystem functioning, reduce biodiversity and/or compromise resources
and amenities of economic importance in a manner that would appear to warrant priority
management attention"
7.3
Mr. Jiang then drew the attention of the meeting to two documents presented in the meeting
document folders which were not available for earlier distribution these were the document prepared by
ACOPS entitled: "Methodology for the Identification and Characterization of Environmental Hot Spots:
Case Study for the Russian Arctic" and discussion document UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/8, "Flow
Chart of Actions for the Land-based Pollution Component in the UNEP GEF South China Sea Project".
He presented the contents of this latter document in detail and requested the RWG-LbP to consider
whether or not the proposed set of actions were appropriate; and to further amplify exactly what the
national committees needed to do in this context. The meeting agreed that overall the contents of the
flow chart indicated a reasonable way of proceeding and the framework for the proposed actions is
contained in Annex 6 of this report.
7.4
There followed an extensive discussion of criteria and indicators related to the various elements

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of the flowchart, during which it became apparent that the understanding of members of the RWG-LbP
regarding the nature of what constituted "criteria" and "indicators" differed. It was agreed that for the
purposes of the project "criteria" would be used to indicate a class of observable phenomena, e.g.
impacts on the environment, in contrast indicators would be used to describe the parameters that
constituted the measurement of the criteria e.g. change in ambient water quality.
7.5
Some discussion of the two boxes contained in the ACOPS document regarding identification
and ranking of hot spots followed, and queries were raised regarding the nature of the quantification in
terms of semi-quantitative classes such as high, medium and low. It was agreed that where possible
quantitative rather than semi-quantitative information should be assembled but that where quantitative
data were missing some form of semi-quantitative measure might have to be agreed. A query was raised
regarding the ACOPS category "extremely hazardous" and it was noted that extensive radioactive
pollution was a problem in the Russian Arctic, which was unlikely to be encountered in the present
work.
7.6
The ASEAN marine water quality criteria3 for two use types, human health and aquatic life
including 17 key parameters were discussed and it was agreed that these parameters could be adopted
for use as indicators of water quality within the framework of the hot spot analysis. It was noted that the
People's Republic of China was not a party to the work involved in agreeing these criteria but that it had
its own set of water quality criteria by use, which would be provided to the PCU by the representative of
China within one week of the end of the meeting. Mr. Han also agreed to review the two sets and
indicate if they were likely to encounter any problems in following the ASEAN set for the purposes of
this project.
7.7
In discussing the list of criteria and indicators produced during the RSTC, meeting participants
agreed on the need to re-arrange the information in a form that reflected the agreement regarding what
constituted criteria and what indicators. An initial tabulation was produced by the Secretariat and
following discussion in plenary. It was agreed that this tabulation would be worked on by a small group
and re-presented to the meeting for their consideration. A small group consisting of Drs. Ninh,
Wattayakorn and Snidvongs, worked with the Secretariat to produce an initial tabulation. This tabulation
was discussed in considerable detail, amended and revised as contained in Annex 7 of this report.
7.8
The Secretariat agreed that following receipt of the criteria used by the People's Republic of
China, the PCU would review these together with the ASEAN criteria and produce for review by the
National Focal Points within a three week time frame, a list of "obligate" and "optional" parameters.
Following receipt of comments from the NFPs a final list of obligate parameters would then be issued by
the PCU for use by the National Committees in their descriptions of individual "hot spots".
7.9
There followed a discussion of the nature of the data and information that should be assembled
by the National Committees and it was agreed that the focus of the initial work should be on hot spots
rather than the entire coastline. It was agreed however that the generalised information required at a
regional scale was presented in the National Reports and TDA and that the national committees should
review this material in order to identify gaps, weaknesses or data sets that were more recent than those
included in the National Reports. Some indications from participants suggested that such a review would
take between 2 and 4 weeks. Dr. Snidvongs kindly agreed to review the National Reports overnight and
highlight for the meeting any areas of weakness.
8.
ASSESSING SOURCES AND PATHWAYS, (I.E. ATMOSPHERIC, GROUNDWATER AND
RIVER DISCHARGE), AND DISTRIBUTION OF CONTAMINATION AND POLLUTION IN THE
SOUTH CHINA SEA MARINE BASIN
8.1
The Senior Expert introduced this agenda item. He indicated that in order to understand the
nature of appropriate interventions to address land-based pollution issues in the South China Sea, there
is a need for sound scientific data and information regarding the sources, pathways and distribution of
contaminants impacting the marine environment. The nature of the contaminants needs to be identified,
as does their mode of production, transport, deposition and overall loading within the South China Sea
marine basin.
8.2
It was clarified that in order to complete the causal chain analysis in the later stages of the hot
spot analysis, information is required on the sources, pathways and distribution of contaminants

3 Developed under the ASEAN-Canada co-operative programme on marine science phase II and subsequently adopted
during the ASEAN-UNEP Workshop on the Coastal and Marine Environments of Southeast Asia: Status and
Opportunities for Regional Co-operation.

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covering the entire South China Sea region. It was noted that some information are already available in
the national reports prepared during the preparatory phase of the project.
8.3
The discussion of the meeting first focused on the pathways of contaminant entry to the marine
and coastal environments, which include river inputs, atmospheric deposition and groundwater
discharge. The meeting recognised that an understanding of atmospheric deposition and groundwater
discharge of contaminants will help the general understanding of land-based pollution in the South China
Sea region. The meeting recognised that empirical data regarding groundwater and atmospheric inputs
of contaminants were limited in geographic scope and this would cause some difficulties in assessing
the comparative importance of these transport routes for some "hot spots".
8.4
The RWG-LbP agreed that in the initial stages the assessment of impacts of land-based
pollution in the marine environment should focus on the river inputs. Those participating countries which
have data and information on atmospheric deposition and groundwater discharge should include these
data in the analysis of hot spots and provi de information regarding the way in which these fluxes had
been measured and/or estimated.
8.5
Extensive discussion followed which focused on some specific sources of contaminants to be
included in the assessment of data and information in the project. Following careful consideration of the
scale of impacts resulting from different sources of contaminants, the RWG-LbP agreed that:
(i)
Aquaculture should be included as a source of contaminants including fish farming in off-
shore areas;
(ii)
Port and Harbour work should be included as a source of contaminants, but excluding ships
within the harbour areas;
(iii)
Platforms in offshore areas are not directly linked with land based pollution, while relevant
assessment on the impacts caused by the platforms on the marine environment is to be
encouraged, platforms will not be considered as a land-based source of pollution. In cases
of major impacts resulting from platforms in a pollution hot spot, the contribution of the
platform to total contaminant loads will need to be assessed.
8.6
In order to obtain appropriate data and information on sources, pathways and distribution of
land-based contaminants, the meeting agreed that the National Committees on Land-based Pollution
should review the relevant data and information provided in the national reports, and provide additional
information whenever deemed necessary.
9.
DATA AND INFORMATION NEEDS FOR THE LAND-BASED POLLUTION COMPONENT
9.1
Review of the Land-based Pollution sections of the National Reports and the
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis, produced during the preparatory phase of the
project
9.1.1 Dr. Snidvongs was invited to present the results of his analysis of the data contained in the
national reports. This analysis included a review of the geographic units, the units of measurement and
the years of coverage presented by the individual countries in the National Reports. He noted that
compiling these data into a regional synthesis would be difficult since for example the size of the
geographic units used ranged from 100 to 100,000 Km2. Much of the data were presented as loading and
it was possible that an initial synthesis of loading could be produced. He noted further that the countries
might need to be asked for data relating to sources, which could subsequently be used in some form of
Rapid Assessment of Pollution Sources (RAPS) to produce additional estimates of loading. He noted
that some of the indicators discussed under agenda item could be used in a scaling up exercise to
present a regional perspective. Finally he noted the general absence of "impact" data from all countries.
The analysis of national data is attached as Annex 8 to this report.
9.1.2 The meeting extended its appreciation to Dr. Snidvongs for undertaking this rapid synthesis
overnight and the Chairperson invited the meeting to comment or seek clarification. Mr. Sokharavuth
noted that although only three geographic units had been used in the National Report Kep city had
subsequently been separated as a new administrative unit.
9.1.3 Mr. Han noted the difficulty of collecting information from Hong Kong and Macao which was
recognised as an overall problem for the project since both were located in the estuary of the Pearl River
which constituted a major "pollution hot spot". The meeting noted that it would be important for the Inter-
Ministry Committee in China discuss how to establish mechanisms to secure the required information.
Mr. Han further noted that the existing report lacked data regarding water quality for freshwater, for near

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
page 10


shore waters, for off-shore sources, for groundwater and for atmospheric inputs and indicated that
providing some of these data would not be a problem. For example there are 50 near shore monitoring
stations for which data were collected 8 times a year, he noted further the existence of two coastal
ocean systems, one operated inshore by SEPA and one further off-shore operated by SOA. He noted
that he would pursue the possibility of including data from both systems.
9.1.4 Mr. Mohammad Jaafar noted the absence of impact related data in the present report and the
limited discussion of pollution hot spots and assured the meeting that it would be possible to extend the
existing data and information set.
9.1.5 Mr. Diaz noted that load related data were very limited in his country, he noted further that some
of the data were rather out of date and that more recent and more extensive data were available from a
number of sites in Western Luzon.
9.1.6 Dr. Chongprasith noted that some additional data were available in addition to those in the
National report and noted that it would be possible to estimate loadings for a number of potential hot
spots including loadings resulting from sources such as aquaculture.
9.1.7 Dr. Ninh noted that the national report was comprehensive in the sense that most of the
available data had been included and that there were few other sources, which could be added to the
existing set. He noted that for groundwater data were not generally available but noted that there were
some limited data related to atmospheric inputs. He noted further the limited data available regarding
"impacts" due to the difficulties of distinguishing between impacts resulting from habitat change and/or
from pollution.
9.1.8 Mr. Sudariyono noted that most of the existing data in the report were confined to Jakarta and
Java and felt that through the national committee it would be possible to extend the geographic coverage
of the data from sources in Sumatra and that data relating to impacts in the ocean were also potentially
available.
9.1.9 Dr. Snidvongs noted that following compilation of existing public datasets it might be necessary
to approach the national committees for provision of some specific data and proposed that he would
provide a minimal listing to the meeting at a later point during the meeting. He noted further that a logical
unit for examining loadings would be river catchment rather than administrative unit and that data would
be needed on population size, number of rice paddies, number and types of industry etc. in order to
estimate pollution and contaminant loadings.
9.1.10 There followed a discussion of the time frames needed to establish trends and it was agreed
that 10 years in the past and 10 years in the future would be a reasonable basis for determining trends.
9.2
National and regional sources of data and information
9.2.1 Participants noted that the issue of national sources of data and information had been
considered under agenda Item 8 and that it had been agreed that the National Committees would review
the data and information contained in the National Reports with a view to identifying new and additional
sources of data that should be considered during the initial work of these committees.
9.2.2 Participants also noted that issues regarding regional sources of data had been dealt with under
a number of other agenda items and that it had been agreed that a regional meta-database of land-based
pollution data sources should be established for use in the project. It was agreed that the PCU would
initiate these activities in collaboration with Dr. Snidvongs and Chulalongkorn University and would keep
the members of the working group fully informed of progress in this regard.
10.
DISCUSSION AND ADOPTION OF THE WORKPLANS FOR THE NATIONAL COMMITTEES
AND REGIONAL WORKING GROUP FOR 2002-2003
10.1
The Project Director introduced the draft workplan of the National Committees and RWG-LbP for
2002 and the first quarter of 2003. A question was raised regarding the need for monthly meetings and in
response the Project Director noted that the Project Steering Committee had agreed to monthly
meetings of all National Committees and it was on this basis that the in-kind contribution of governments
had been calculated and agreed. If meetings were held less frequently then the in-kind contributions of
the country would be reduced proportionally. It was noted that if less frequent but longer meetings were
held then this would not impact the in-kind contribution. The Project Director noted that bearing these
factors in mind it was a matter for internal decision by the National Focal Point for Land-based Pollution
with the National Focal Point and National Technical Focal Point.

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
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10.2
Following extensive discussion of the time required to complete the various tasks listed, the
workplan was agreed as contained in Annex 9 of this report.
11.
ANY OTHER BUSINESS
11.1
Dr. Snidvongs presented a list of data and information requirements as requested under agenda
item 7 that are required in order to prepare a regional synthesis and overview. This listing is presented as
Annex 10. Discussion centred on the need for these minimal data sets and it was agreed that where
these data were available, the National Committees would supply them to the PCU, for inclusion by Dr.
Snidvongs in the regional data set.

12.
DATE AND PLACE OF THE NEXT MEETING OF THE REGIONAL WORKING GROUP FOR
LAND-BASED POLLUTION
12.1
It was noted that the dates of the next meeting had been agreed under agenda item 10 as 18-
21st September. The project Director noted that the intention of the Project Steering Committee was that
meetings of the regional Working Groups should not be held only in Thailand but that in later years they
should be convened in proximity to the appropriate demonstration sites. However since this was the
initiation of the project such sites had not been chosen hence it might be appropriate to follow the
precedent of convening the next meeting of the RWG-LbP in the country of the Chairperson.
12.2
The Chairperson indicated his willingness to host the next meeting of the working group subject
to the approval of the members. The members agreed to this proposal and the Chairperson agreed to
work with the PCU in selecting a location within the budgetary limits.

13.
ADOPTION OF THE REPORT OF THE MEETING
13.1
The Rapporteur, Dr. Chongprasith presented the draft report of the meeting, which was
considered, amended, and adopted as contained in this document.

14.
CLOSURE OF THE MEETING
14.1 The Project Director thanked the participants for their hard work, and constructive contributions
to the business of the meeting and expressed the hope that the success of this meeting would lead to
fruitful and productive collaboration over the next five years.
14.2 The Chairperson thanked the participants for the hard work and the Secretariat for their efficient
meeting preparations and support to the work of the meeting.
14.3 The meeting was formally closed at 1615 hrs, 5th April 2002.

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Annex 1
page 1
ANNEX 1

List of Participants
Focal Points

Cambodia
People's Republic of China


Mr. Pak SOKHARAVUTH,Chief Officer
Mr. HAN Baoxin, Deputy Director
Department of Pollution Control
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,
Ministry of Environment
SEPA
48 Samdech Preah Sihanouk
7 West Street, Yuancun
Tonle Bassac, Chamkarmon
Guangzhou, 510655
Phnom Penh, CAMBODIA
Guangdong Province, CHINA


Tel: (855 23) 212 540; 855 12962103
Tel: (86 20) 8552 5658; 86 13902408273
Fax: (855 23) 212 540
Fax: (86 20) 8552 4439; 8553 8243
E-mail: 012962103@mobitel.com.kh
E-mail: hbx@scies.com.cn; bxhan@21cn.com


Indonesia
Malaysia


Mr. SUDARIYONO
Mr. Mohamad Bin JAAFAR
Assistant to the Deputy Minister of Environment
Principal Assistant Director
on Marine and Coastal Ecosystem Affairs
Department of Environment
Ministry of Environment
Level 3-7, Block C4, Parcel C
IL D.I. Panjaitan, Kebon Nanas
Federal Government Administrative Centre
Jakarta 13410, INDONESIA
62662 Putrajaya, MALAYSIA


Tel: (62 21) 8590 5638; 0812 8080585
Tel:
(603) 8885 8200; 8885 8201
Fax: (62 21) 8590 4929
Fax:
(603) 8889 1975; 8888 9987
E-mail: pkepl@bapedal.go.id
E-mail: mj@jas.sains.my

Philippines
Thailand


Mr. Vicente R. DIAZ
Dr. Pornsook CHONGPRASITH, Chief
Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)
Marine Pollution Sub-division, Pollution Control
DENR Compound Visayas Avenue
Department
Dilman, Quezon City
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment
PHILIPPINES
92 Soi Pahonyothin 7

Sam Sen Nai, Phaya Thai
Tel: (632) 426 4332; 426 4337
Bangkok 10400, THAILAND
Fax: (632) 426 4335

E-mail: vicd@edsamail.com.ph;
Tel:
(66 2) 298 2241-2
vr_diaz@hotmail.com
Fax: (66 2) 298 2240

E-mail: pornsook.c@pcd.go.th
pornsook_chongprasith@yahoo.com
Viet Nam

Dr. Pham Van NINH, Director
Center for Marine Environment Survey,
Research and Consultation
Institute of Mechanics, NCST
264 Dai Can Street
Hanoi, VIET NAM

Tel:
(844) 832 6136; 832 6195
Fax: (844) 832 7903
E-mail: pvninh@im01.ac.vn

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 1
page 2

Invited Regional Experts
Dr. Gullaya WATTAYAKORN
Dr. Anond SNIDVONGS, Director,
Marine Science Department
Southeast Asia START Regional Centre
Chulalongkorn University
SWU Pathumwan 5 Building, 5th Floor
Phayathai Road
Henri Dunant Road
Bangkok 10330, THAILAND
Bangkok 10330, THAILAND
Tel:
(66 2) 218 5407; 218 5409
Tel:
(66 2) 218 9464-7
Fax: (66 2) 255 0780
Fax: (66 2) 251 9416
E-mail: gullaya@chula.ac.th
E-mail: anond@start.or.th


Observer
Mr. Ekachai PRAEKULVANICH
Ms. Sirimati NIMMANHEMINDA
Environmental Scientist
Environmental Scientist
Marine Pollution Sub-division, Pollution Control
Marine Pollution Sub-division, Pollution Control
Department
Department
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment,
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment,
92 Soi Pahonyothin 7
92 Soi Pahonyothin 7
Sam Sen Nai, Phaya Thai
Sam Sen Nai, Phaya Thai
Bangkok 10400, THAILAND
Bangkok 10400, THAILAND
Tel:
(66 2) 298 2241-2
Tel:
(66 2) 298 2246; 298 2253; 09 9254326
Fax: (66 2) 298 2240
Fax: (66 2) 298 2240
E-mail: marinepollution_pcd@yahoo.com
E-mail: marinepollution_pcd@yahoo.com


Ms. Pattamaporn SANGWICHIT

Environmental Scientist
Marine Pollution Sub-division, Pollution Control
Department
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment,
92 Soi Pahonyothin 7
Sam Sen Nai, Phaya Thai
Bangkok 10400, THAILAND
Tel:
(66 2) 298 2246; 01 4967847
Fax: (66 2) 298 2240
E-mail: p_sangwichit@hotmail.com

Project Co-ordinating Unit
Dr. John PERNETTA, Project Director
Mr. Yihang JIANG, Senior Expert
UNEP/GEF Project Co-ordinating Unit
UNEP/GEF Project Co-ordinating Unit
United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations Environment Programme
9th Floor, Block A, United Nations Building
9th Floor, Block A, United Nations Building
Rajdamnern Avenue
Rajdamnern Avenue
Bangkok 10200, Thailand
Bangkok 10200, Thailand
Tel:
(66 2) 288 1886
Tel: (66 2) 288 2084
Fax: (66 2) 281 2428
Fax: (66 2) 281 2428
E-mail: pernetta@un.org
E-mail: jiang.unescap@un.org
Ms. Charuvan KALYANGKURA
Ms. Unchalee KATTACHAN
Administrative Assistant, EAS/RCU
Secretary, UNEP/GEF
United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations Environment Programme
9th Floor, Block A, United Nations Building
9th Floor, Block A, United Nations Building
Rajdamnern Avenue
Rajdamnern Avenue
Bangkok 10200, Thailand
Bangkok 10200, Thailand
Tel: (66 2) 288 1894
Tel: (66 2) 288 1670
Fax: (66 2) 281 2428
Fax: (66 2) 281 2428
E-mail: kalyangkura@un.org
E-mail: kattachan.unescap@un.org

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 2
page 1
ANNEX 2
List of Documents
Working documents
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/1
Provisional agenda.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/2
Annotated provisional agenda.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Draft report of the meeting (to be prepared during the
meeting).
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/4
Outline of Pollution Related Activities Described in the
UNEP/GEF Project Brief and Project Document entitled:
"Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South
China Sea and Gulf of Thailand".
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/5
Anticipated Activities in the Framework of the "Regional
Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine
Environment of the East Asian Seas from the Effects of
Land-based Pollution".
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/6
Criteria, Indicators, Data and Information Requirements for
Identifying and Quantifying Impacts of Land-based
Pollution in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/7
Workplan for calendar year 2002.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/8
Flow Chart of Actions for the Land-based Pollution
Component in the UNEP GEF South China Sea Project.
Information documents
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.1
Provisional list of documents.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.2
Provisional list of participants.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.3
Draft programme.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.4
Management Framework and Reporting Structures for the
UNEP/GEF Project entitled: "Reversing Environmental
Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of
Thailand".
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.5
Financial Rules and Financial Reporting Requirements for
National Focal Points Operating in the Framework of the
UNEP/GEF Project entitled: "Reversing Environmental
Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of
Thailand".
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.6
Chapter 3 and 4 of: Regional Coordination for Integrated
Protection and Management of Coastal and Marine
Environments in ASEAN ­ A Working Document for the
ASEAN/UNEP Workshop on the Coastal and Marine
Environments of Southeast Asia: Status and Opportunities
for Regional Cooperation, Bangkok, 11 ­ 13 March 2002.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/INF.7
Terms of Reference for the Regional Working Group on
Land-based Pollution (as approved by the First project
Steering Committee, Bangkok, Thailand, October 22-23rd
2001).
UNEP/GEF/SCS/PSC.1/3
First Meeting of the Project Steering Committee for the
UNEP/GEF Project "Reversing Environmental Degradation
Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand".
Report of the First Meeting UNEP/GEF/SCS/PSC.1/3.
UNEP, Bangkok Thailand, 2000.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RSTC.1/3


First Meeting of the Regional Scientific & Technical
Committee for the UNEP/GEF Project "Reversing
Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 2
Page 2

and Gulf of Thailand" Report of the First Meeting.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RSTC.1/3 Pattaya, Thailand, 14-16
March 2002.
UNEP
Regional Programme of Action for the Protection of the
Marine Environment of the East Asian Seas from the
Effects of Land-based Activities. UNEP/GPA Co-ordination
Office & EAS/RCU (2000). 24pp.
UNEP/GEF/SCS/RSTC.1/4
Expectations of the Global Environment Facility (GEF)
with Respect to Project Execution; Constraints and
Opportunities.
ACOPS




Methodology for the Identification and Characterization of
Environmental Hot Sports: Case Study for the Russian
Arctic, London and Moscow, Sept. 2000.
The following documents are available to participants as both hard copies and on CD Rom
Talaue-McManus, L.
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis for the South China
Sea. EAS/RCU Technical Report Series No. 14. UNEP,
Bangkok, Thailand, 2000.
UNEP/EAS/RCU
National report of Cambodia on the formulation of a
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and preliminary
Framework of a Strategic Action Programme for the South
China Sea. UNEP. Bangkok, Thailand, 2001.
UNEP/EAS/RCU
National report of China on the formulation of a
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and preliminary
Framework of a Strategic Action Programme for the South
China Sea. UNEP. Bangkok, Thailand, 2001.
UNEP/EAS/RCU


National report of Indonesia on the formulation of a
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and preliminary
Framework of a Strategic Action Programme for the South
China Sea. UNEP. Bangkok, Thailand, 2001.
UNEP/EAS/RCU
National report of Malaysia on the formulation of a
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and preliminary
Framework of a Strategic Action Programme for the South
China Sea. UNEP. Bangkok, Thailand, 2001.
UNEP/EAS/RCU
National report of the Philippines on the formulation of a
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and preliminary
Framework of a Strategic Action Programme for the South
China Sea. UNEP. Bangkok, Thailand, 2001.
UNEP/EAS/RCU
National report of Thailand on the formulation of a
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and preliminary
Framework of a Strategic Action Programme for the South
China Sea. UNEP. Bangkok, Thailand, 2001.
UNEP/EAS/RCU
National report of Viet Nam on the formulation of a
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and preliminary
Framework of a Strategic Action Programme for the South
China Sea. UNEP. Bangkok, Thailand, 2001.

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 3
page 1
ANNEX 3

Agenda


1. OPENING OF THE MEETING
1.1 Welcome address
1.2 Introduction of members
2. ORGANISATION OF THE MEETING
2.1 Designation of officers
2.2 Organisation of work
3. ADOPTION OF THE MEETING AGENDA
4. TERMS OF REFERENCE AND RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE REGIONAL WORKING
GROUP FOR LAND-BASED POLLUTION (RWG-LbP)
4.1 Terms of reference for the Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution
4.2 Membership of the Regional Working Group for Land-based Pollution
4.3 Rules of procedure
5. MANAGEMENT AND OVERALL OBJECTIVES OF THE UNEP/GEF PROJECT
5.1 Reporting relationships and responsibilities of the Regional Working Group and its
role in achieving project objectives
5.2 Fiscal responsibilities (recording & reporting) of the National Focal Points of each
Specialised Executing Agency
6. OVERALL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE LAND-BASED POLLUTION COMPONENT
6.1 General description of activities contained in the Project Brief
6.2 Anticipated activities in the framework of the "Regional Programme of Action for the
Protection of the Marine Environment of the East Asian Seas from the Effects of Land-
based Pollution"
6.3 Other relevant activities in the region, e.g. the ASEAN Working Group on Coastal and
Marine Environment
7. IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF THE IMPACTS OF LAND-BASED POLLUTION IN
THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AND GULF OF THAILAND
8. ASSESSING SOURCES AND PATHWAYS, (I.E. ATMOSPHERIC, GROUNDWATER AND RIVER
DISCHARGE), AND DISTRIBUTION OF CONTAMINATION AND POLLUTION IN THE SOUTH
CHINA SEA MARINE BASIN
9. DATA AND INFORMATION NEEDS FOR THE LAND-BASED POLLUTION COMPONENT
9.1 Review of the Land-based Pollution sections of the National Reports and the
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis, produced during the preparatory phase of the
project
9.2 National and regional sources of data and information
10. DISCUSSION AND ADOPTION OF THE WORKPLANS FOR THE NATIONAL COMMITTEES
AND REGIONAL WORKING GROUP FOR 2002-2003
11. ANY OTHER BUSINESS
12. DATE AND PLACE OF THE NEXT MEETING OF THE REGIONAL WORKING GROUP FOR
LAND-BASED POLLUTION
13. ADOPTION OF THE REPORT OF THE MEETING
14. CLOSURE OF THE MEETING

---

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ANNEX 4
Financial Rules and Financial Reporting Requirements for National Focal Points
Operating in the Framework of the UNEP/GEF Project entitled: "Reversing
Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand"


Background

During the first meeting of the Regional Scientific and Technical Committee held in Pattaya, March 22-
25 2002 members requested that the Project Co-ordinating Unit provide some notes for guidance of the
individuals in the Ministries and Specialised Executing Agencies regarding the management of the funds
and reporting requirements. This document has been produced by the PCU in response to that request.

What follows therefore is a simple outline of the budgetary constraints and reporting requirements, rather
than a full detailed listing of the United Nations financial rules and regulations.

Budget Planning and approval

The overall project budget was estimated by UNEP on the basis of planned activities approved by
COBSEA and the participating Governments. These estimates were summarised in the Project Brief at
the time of submission to the GEF Council for approval as total costs for each component and
subcomponent of the Project. Hence variations in allocation between components of the Project can
only be made with authority of the GEF Council.

Subsequently, during the appraisal phase from December 2000 to October 2001 extensive negotiations
were undertaken between UNEP and the Focal Point Ministries in each participating country regarding
the allocation of resources to activities within each component. The overall project budget, broken down
by object of expenditure in UNEP format was approved by the first Project Steering Committee meeting,
held in Bangkok, Thailand, October 22-23rd 2001. This meeting also approved the government
commitments of in-kind contributions to the project.

Overall Budget Control

The body with over-riding authority with respect to the entire project budget is the Project Steering
Committee, which approves on an annual basis the workplans and budgets for the project. In practical
terms what this means is that, at the end of each year the Project Steering Committee decides how any
unspent balance should be reallocated, and makes decisions regarding the budget allocations for
demonstration sites. The Project Steering Committee must however operate within the framework budget
presented in the Project Brief by component and approved by the Global Environment Facility Council at
the time of submission of the Project Brief. Effectively this means that the Project Steering Committee
has authority to move funds between activities in each component but not to transfer funds from one
component to another.

For example: money approved by the GEF as grant support to activities in the coral reef component
cannot be transferred to the mangrove component, for example.

The Project Steering Committee has approved the initial budgetary allocations to the Specialised
Executing Agencies at National level for the first two years on the basis of which the first instalment of
funds has been transferred to all Specialised Executing Agencies with which UNEP has signed
Memoranda of Understanding.

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Responsibilities of the Specialised Executing Agencies

The responsibilities of the Specialised Executing Agencies are detailed in each Memorandum of
Understanding and include inter alia responsibility for Chairing and convening meetings of the National
Committees, for producing the national inputs to the regional level activities and for advising at the
national level, the National Technical Focal Point and National Technical Working Group of priorities
activities which should be undertaken within the framework of the Project. In addition the Specialised
Agencies are responsible for presenting the national perspective at the Regional Working Groups and
providing to the Regional Working Groups and Regional Scientific and Technical Committee the data and
information required to make decisions and recommendations at the regional level. The substantive
needs will be more closely defined during the first sets of meetings of the Regional Working Groups.

Disbursement by UNEP to the SEAs

In order to undertake the substantive work described in the MoU's the GEF has provided grant funds for
project execution. These monies will be disbursed by ESCAP on behalf of UNEP at six monthly intervals
according to the terms given in the MoU. As noted above the first instalment of funds has been
disbursed as a cash advance following joint signature by UNEP and each SEA, of the MoUs.

In terms of fiscal responsibility within the United Nations System the Project Director authorises
financial expenditures including disbursement of funds to the SEAs, in accordance with the project
document, and the workplans and budget approved by the Project Steering Committee. The Senior
Expert certifies that adequate funds exist to support the payments authorised. These authorities are
delegated from the Head of the United Nations Office at Nairobi (UNON), and UNEP headquarters,
Nairobi.

Each MoU contains a budget in UNEP format, which indicates the purpose for which the funds are
provided by UNEP to the Specialised Executing Agencies. Funds have been allocated in these budgets
to the production of the required national level information, for the convening of meetings, for translation
and for other purposes as indicated by the UNEP budget code; for example the extract below is taken
from the budget table for a National Specialised Agency serving as the Focal Point for Land Based
Pollution and represents the anticipated reporting costs. No expenditures on publications are foreseen
during 2002 hence these funds will be transferred in 2003 in two separate allotments around January and
June 2003.

Table 1. Example extract from the budget for a Specialised Executing Agency acting at National level
as the Focal Point for the Land-based Pollution component of the Project (US$ thousands)




2002
2003
TOTAL



1st
2nd
1st
2nd

5200
Reporting costs - publications,





maps, newsletters, printing.
5216
Translation


2.00
2.00
4.00
Publication of National Review of Water

3.00
3.00
5217
Quality data
5218
Publication of evaluation of costs and



3.00
3.00
benefits of alternative courses of action
and pre-feasibility studies
5299
Total
0.00
0.00
5.00
5.00
10.00

Expenditures by the SEAs
Each SEA is authorised under the terms of the MoUs to spend the cash advances in accordance with
the detailed budget, which forms part of each MoU. Since the money in the budgets of the MoUs is
provided to the SEAs by UNEP in advance of the SEAs incurring any expenditures, UNEP will not
reimburse expenditures for items not detailed in the approved budget.
Unplanned costs

In undertaking the work agreed by the Regional Working Groups Specialised Executing Agency may

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find that they need to spend money on items not currently listed in the budgets of the MoUs. Under
such circumstances the Focal Point in the SEA must contact the Project Director to seek changes in
the budget to accommodate these un-planned expenditures.

Over-expenditures

Where an item or an activity costs more than originally estimated then the Specialised Executing
Agency would need to examine the budget and see whether cost savings can be achieved in other parts
of the budget. Any such savings could then be transferred between lines to prevent an over-expenditure
occurring. In cases where quotations are obtained which exceed the allocations the Focal Point should
contact the PCU to arrange for a revision of the budget. Such a revision should be completed before the
over-expenditure is incurred. Focal Points should note that reallocation of funds between lines, which fall
into the same component (i.e. 5000 numbers) is generally accepted automatically, but reallocation of
funds from 2000 to 3000 lines for example should only be done with the agreement in writing of the
Project Director.


Under-expenditures

At the end of a six-month period the Specialised Executing Agency might find that the anticipated costs
of a particular activity have been less than originally planned. For example in the Table presented above
the SEA might find that only 1,800 US$ had been spent on translation by June 30th 2003, hence 200 US
$ would remain unspent in budget line #5216. This money can be carried forward on the same budget
line if for example it was expected that the costs of translating of the second publication would be more
than the planned 2,000 US$. Alternatively the unspent funds can be reallocated internally, for example to
produce more copies of the publication, subject to the approval in writing of the Project Director. In this
case the funds would be removed from budget line #5216 and reassigned to budget line #5217 or #5218
as appropriate.

Revising the budget

In the event that unplanned expenditures, under-expenditures or over-expenditures are foreseen the
Focal Point in the Specialised Executing Agency is advised to contact the Project Co-ordinating Unit
promptly to seek a budget revision, since as noted above UNEP cannot reimburse expenditures which
are not part of the approved budget contained in the MoU.

Reporting requirements

At the end of each six-month period the SEA is required under the terms of the MoU to provide three
documents to the Project Co-ordinating Unit as follows:
· Six Monthly expenditure statement
· Cash advance request.
· Six monthly progress report

Without these three documents the Project Co-ordinating Unit cannot authorise the cash advance for the
next six months.

The six monthly expenditure statement should report the actual expenditures which have
occurred up to the 30th June and 30th December in the form provided in an Annex to the MoU and
reproduced here as Table 2. At this time any under expenditures will become apparent and a revision of
the budget may be undertaken as necessary.

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At the same time that the SEA reports the actual expenditures for the previous six months it completes
a cash advance request in the form annexed to the MoUs and reproduced here as Table 3. This
constitutes a request from the SEA to UNEP to advance monies against the expenditures anticipated in
the next six months.

Supporting documentation for expenditures

If an item of equipment has been purchased, then the original receipt for payment must be
dispatched with the six monthly expenditure statement, since until the time of completion of the project
the equipment remains the property of the United Nations (Transfer to the partner institution is normally
automatic on completion of the project)

If a consultancy contract has been issued for a specified piece of work then a copy of the signed
contract should also be supplied with the expenditure statement, together with a copy of the original
product produced by the consultant.

If expenditures are incurred in organising a meeting then a copy of the report of the meeting and any
substantive outputs must be supplied to UNEP.

If travel by air has been paid for then an original receipt must be supplied with the expenditure
statement.

Whilst UNEP does not require that original receipts for all expenditures be submitted at the time the
expenditure report is dispatched they must be retained by the Specialised Executing Agency until
such time as the external audit report of the organisation has been submitted to, and receipt
acknowledged by, the PCU. Ideally receipts should be retained on file until completion of the project and
financial closure of the MoU. In the event of an audit the Specialised Executing Agency may be required
to produce the original receipts by the United Nations auditors.

It is strongly recommended therefore that each SEA retain original documentation demonstrating the
nature of each expenditure until such time as the terms of the MoU have been fulfilled.

Substantive Reporting

One further report is required from each SEA on a six monthly basis. This is the Six Monthly Progress
Report in the form as annexed to the MoUs and attached here as Table 3. In this report the substantive
activities and outputs of the SEA and National Committees are detailed and it is on the basis of this
report together with the substantive outputs (copies of which should be sent to the PCU) that UNEP
judges whether or not the terms of the Memorandum have been met in a satisfactory manner.

Without the six monthly expenditure report, the six monthly progress report and cash advance
request the PCU cannot authorise any subsequent cash advances. It is important therefore that the
Focal Points adhere as closely as possible to the reporting requirements in order to ensure a steady
flow of funds and smooth operation of the project.

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Table 2


FORMAT OF SIX MONTHLY PROJECT EXPENDITURE ACCOUNTS FOR SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS
Project statement of allocation (budget), expenditure and balance (Expressed in US$) covering the period
from............................to................................
Project No.:...........................................
Supporting organization...............................................................................
Project title:
Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand
Project commencing:...............................
(date)
Project ending:.................................... (date)
Object of expenditure in accordance with UNEP budget
Project budget allocation for the half year ending .......
Expenditure incurred for the half Unspent balance of budget for
codes
year ending .....
the half year ending ............



Amount (1)
Amount (2)
Amount (1-2)
1100 Project personnel



1101




.....
.....




.....
.....




.....
.....




1200 Consultants




1201
Consultants .....




.....
.....




.....
.....




etc. etc. etc.
















(USE OBJECTS OF EXPENDITURE IN



ACCORDANCE WITH THE SIGNED



MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING)









99 GRAND TOTAL



Signed
_______________________________________________________


Designation:
______________________________________________


Duly authorised official



NB: The expenditures should be reported in line with the specific object of expenditures as per project budget.

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Table 3

CASH ADVANCE REQUEST


Statement of cash advance as at
__________________________________________________

And cash requirements for the six month period ending_______________________________________

Name of co-operating agency/
Supporting organization _____________________________________________________________

Project No. ______________________________________________________________

Project title:
Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of
Thailand

I
Cash Statement:

1.
Opening Cash Balance as at _____________ US$___________________
2.
Add: cash advances received
Date:

_______________
US$___________________
Date:


_______________
US$___________________
Date:


_______________
US$___________________
Date:


_______________
US$___________________
3.
Total cash advanced to date

US$___________________
4.
Less: total cumulative expenditures incurred US$___________________
5.
Closing cash balance as at_______________ US$___________________

II Cash requirements forecast
6.
Estimated disbursements for period ending

7.
Less: closing cash balance (item 5, above)
8.
Total cash requirements for the period ending



Prepared by____________________ Request approved by:__________________________

Name: ____________________

__________________________
Duly authorized official of
co-operating agency/supporting
organization

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Table 4

UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME
SIX MONTHLY PROGRESS REPORT

SECTION 1 - BACKGROUND INFORMATION
1.1
Project Title: Reversing Environmental degradation in the South China Sea and Gulf
of Thailand.

1.2
MOU Number:________________________________________________________

1.3
Responsible Office:
South China Sea Project Co-ordination Unit, Bangkok

1.4
Specialised Executing Agency (Supporting Organization):

____________________________________________________________________

1.5
Reporting Period: (the six months covered by this report) _____________________
1.6
Focal Point Name: ___________________________________

SECTION 2 - PROJECT STATUS
2.1
Status of the Implementation of the Activities and Outputs Listed Under the Workplan in
the Memorandum of Understanding (check appropriate box)
Project activities and outputs listed in the Project workplan for the reporting period have been material

completed and the responsible Office is satisfied that the project will be fully completed on
time (give reasons for minor variations as Section 3 below).

Project activities and outputs listed in the Project Workplan for the reporting period have been altere

(give reasons for alterations: lack of finance; project reformulated; project revisions; other at
Section 3 below).


Project activities and outputs listed in the Project Workplan for the reporting period have not been fully


completed and delays in project delivery are expected (give reasons for variations in Section
3.1 and new completion date in Section 3.2 below).


Insufficient detail provided in the Project Workplan.

2.2
List Actual Activities/Outputs Achieved in the Reporting period: (check appropriate box)

(a) MEETINGS (Duplicate this box for each meeting individually)
Inter-Ministry mtg
Expert Group Mtg. Training Seminar/Workshop Others
Title:__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Venue and dates______________________________________________________
Convened by ____________________ Organized by _________________________
Report issued as doc. No/Symbol__________Languages________Dated_________
For Training Seminar/Workshop, please indicate: No. of participants ____________ and attach annex
giving names and nationalities of participants.

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(b) PRINTED MATERIALS (Duplicate this box for each printed item)
Report to IG Mtg.
Technical Publication Technical Report Others
Title: _______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________
Author(s)/Editor(s)
___________________________________________________________________________
Publisher ___________________________________________________________________________
Symbol (UN/UNEP/ISBN/ISSN)
___________________________________________________________________________
Date of publication
___________________________________________________________________________
(When technical reports/publications have been distributed, attach distribution list)

(c) TECHNICAL INFORMATION
PUBLIC INFORMATION (posters, leaflets, broadcasts
etc.)
Description
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
Dates ___________________________________________________________________

(d) SERVICES
Description
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Dates _____________________

(e) OTHER OUTPUTS
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

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SECTION 3 - PROJECT DELIVERY

3.1
Summary of the Problems Encountered in Project Delivery (if any)
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

3.2
Actions Taken or Required to Solve the Problems (identified in Section 3.1 above)
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
__________



Signed:
_____________________________
Name:
_____________________________
Designation: _____________________________

---

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ANNEX 5

ASEAN Working Group on Coastal and Marine Environment:
Scope of Work and Activities

ASEAN countries have initiated cooperative action to maintain, develop and manage regional
marine resources since the 1970s. The Meeting of ASEAN Environmental Experts under the ASEAN
Committee on Science and Technology was held for the first time in 1978. Then, in 1989, such meeting
was officially entitles as the Meeting of ASEAN Senior Officials on the Environment (ASOEN) and six
working groups were appointed to work on different areas of marine environment. The ASEAN Working
on Coastal and Marine Environment (AWGCME) is one of those six. The purpose of the Working Group
is to enhance the co-operation among ASEAN countries in addressing coastal and marine environment
issues.

In the Ninth ASOEN meeting held in Singapore during 23-25 September 1998, the Meeting
agreed on restructure the ASEAN Working Groups under ASOEN to 1 Task Force and 3 Working
Groups. The Pollution Control Department, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment of
Thailand was assigned as the Chairman of AWGCME during 1999-2001.

In November 1998, the ASEAN Minister Meeting on Environment held in Viet Nam directed
ASOEN to formulate the Strategic Plan of Action of Environment (SPAE) based on Hanoi Plan of Action
(HPA) for the ASEAN 2020. The relevant environmental components in HPA that are related to
AWGCME are listed below:
· Develop a framework and improve regional co-ordination for the integrated protection and
management of coastal zones by the year 2001;
· Develop a Regional Action Plan for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land and
Sea-based Activities by the year 2004.


AWGCME deliberated and agreed to initiate activities as part of SPAE in the First Meeting of
AWGCME held in Bangkok, Thailand in 1999. In pursuit of rational and sustainable management of
ASEAN Seas and Marine Environment, scope of work of AWGCME was defined in this Meeting.
AWGCME will endeavour to promote activi ties and policies, relevant to the prevention and control of
marine pollution in the regional seas by:
· Establishing on ASEAN common stand on specific issues on marine pollution particularly in
relation to international convention and protocols;
· Identify areas of short and long-term concern relevant to marine pollution and formulating
strategies that would enhance the capability of ASEAN to mitigate them;
· Identifying, encouraging and promoting projects pertaining to the management of pollution in
ASEAN seas and marine environment;
· Harmonising pollution control legislation and standards with respect to marine pollution.
To achieve this, the Working Group has the following Terms of References:
1. Formulate detailed regional action plans for the sustainable development and management of
coastal and marine resources including eco-development in coastal and marine environment.
2. Development a framework and improve co-ordination, co-operation and information exchange
with ASEAN regional bodies and international organisations for the integrated protection,
conservation and management of coastal zones and marine environment.
3. Development a regional action plan for the protection of the coastal and marine environment from
land and sea-based activities.
4. Formulate activities to promote public awareness and encourage public participation towards
protecting and conserving the coastal and marine environment and resources.
5. Develop ASEAN common approaches to deal with the emerging issues relating to the protection
of coastal and marine environment.
The Second Meeting of AWGCME was held in Hanoi, Viet Nam and the Third Meeting was
previously held in Banda Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam in July, 2001. The activities under SPAE
undertaking by AWGCME are:

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· Identify and establish focal points of the seven subject Areas
o Coral reef, seagrass, mangrove;
o Tanker sludge and ballast water;
o Solid, liquid and hazardous waste management;
o Clean technology;
o Coastal erosion;
o Eco-tourism; and marine protected areas.
· Identify and support ASEAN's participation in workshop/ seminars/ meeting
· Exchange information using standard format on coral monitoring
· Harmonize criteria for identifying coastal and marine pollution "Hot spots"
· Develop internet-based information sharing system by member countries
· Develop criteria aimed at designating areas to protect critical marine habitats and resources in
member countries
· Adopt marine water quality standards for ASEAN
· Develop Guidelines for management and conservation plans for marine resources, including
community-based coastal surveillance
· Develop a framework for national action plan to protect the marine environment form the
discharge of sewage, industrial waste, hydrocarbons and tanker desludging activities
· Develop a regional mechanism to enhance surveillance and follow-up action against illegal
discharge including tanker desludging activities at sea
To accelerate the establishment of regional criteria for marine protected areas and marine water
quality and to synergise, Thailand proposed the Concept Paper on Regional Co-ordination for Integrated
Protection and Management of Coastal and Marine Environment, in the Third Meeting. The Meeting
agreed on the submission of the full proposal to funding agencies and to have Thailand as a project co-
ordinator. The first phase of the initiative composed of preparation of working document and organisation
of the first workshop was funded by UNEP. The ASEAN/UNEP Workshop on Coastal and Marine
Environment in Southeast Asia: Status and Opportunities for Regional Cooperation was successfully
and fruitfully organised in Bangkok, Thailand in March 2002.

At the Workshop, the ASEAN activities and action plans related to coastal and marine
environment were addressed as a base to search for modalities for achieving synergies among existing
and future action plan and that to achieve adoption and implementation of regional criteria and guidelines
for marine protected areas and marine water quality. The outcomes of the Workshop featured below
shall be submitted to AWGCME at the next meeting for endorsement before recommending them to
ASOEN.
Development of criteria for the ASEAN marine protected areas (MPAs)

The experts attending the Workshop agreed to develop 2 different sets of criteria: Regional
Criteria for National MPAs and Criteria for ASEAN Marine Heritage Areas.
· Regional Criteria for National MPAs
According to the review of existing international criteria for MPA, the IUCN Criteria for protected
areas were considered to be the most compatible and applicable to those existing national criteria of
ASEAN countries. The IUCN criteria were classified into social, economic, ecological, pragmatic and
regional. These were further classified into sub-criteria, which were the bases for the discussion. In
developing regional criteria for national MPAs, the IUCN Criteria were adjusted to suit the existing criteria
of member countries obtained by deleting and integrating IUCN sub-criteria. The draft criteria are in
ANNEX 1a. The Meeting also identified action to do if the draft is adopted (ANNEX 1b).
· Criteria for ASEAN Marine Heritage Areas
The discussion was based on the criteria proposed by the ASEAN Working Group on Nature
Conservation and Biodiversity for ASEAN Heritage Park. The working group evaluated such proposed
criteria and considered that they are applicable for proposing as the criteria for ASEAN Marine Heritage
Areas. The group however recommended the addition of a criterion on transboundary since it is one of
the concerns of ASEAN countries. See ANNEX 2a for draft Criteria for ASEAN Marine Protected Areas.

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The Meeting also identified action to do if the draft is adopted (ANNEX 2b).
ASEAN Marine Water Quality Criteria

The Workshop agreed to accept the terminology and methodology adopted by C PMS-II in the
derivation of marine water quality criteria for aquatic life protection, and also to use the CPMS-II
proposed ASEAN marine water quality criteria or interim criteria values as the basis for the formulation of
ASEAN coastal and marine water quality standards.

Following detailed deliberation, the Meeting unanimously agreed to accept the marine water
quality criteria proposed for 17 out of the total of 19 parameters studied. The Meeting recommended
that these 17 accepted marine water quality criteria be submitted for adoption as common ASEAN
marine water quality criteria for the protection of the coastal and marine environment in ASEAN (see
ANNEX 3a). Further review was suggested for another 2 parameters (see ANNEX 3b). In order to
ensure the smooth implementation of ASEAN marine water quality criteria, the Meeting further
unanimously agreed on the recommendations stated in ANNEX 3c. Furthermore, a list of possible
linkages for implementing recommendations were generated (see ANNEX 3d).
a.
Proposed ASEAN marine water quality criteria
For Aquatic Life Protection
Parameter
Criteria values
Note
Ammonia (NH3-N)
70 µg/L

Cadmium
10 µg/L

Chromium (VI)
50 µg/L
Criteria value proposed by CPMS-II is 48 µg/L.
The Meeting recommended to adopt 50 µg/ ,
following the existing national standards of
member countries.
Copper
8µg/L
As the proposed value 2.9 µg/L is too stringent,
the Meeting agreed to use round-up value of 7.7
µg/L, the product of the lowest LOEC from a
chronic study 77 µg/L for reproduction for
Mysidopsis bahia and a safety factor of 0.1.
Temperature
Increase not more than

20C above the maximum
ambient temperature
Cyanide
7µg/L

Dissolved oxygen
4mg/L

Lead
8.5 µg/L

Mercury
0.16 µg/L

Nitrate (NO3-N)
60 µg/L
A single criteria value should be derived for
nitrate and nitrite combined in future.
Nitrite (NO2-N)
55 µg/L

Oil and grease
0.14 mg/L
Other related parameter, e.g. PAH, should be
proposed in the future.
Total phenol
0.12 mg/L

Phosphate (PO 3-
4 -P)
15 µg/L (Coastal)

(Dissolved reactive
45 µg/L (Estuarine)
phosphorous)
Tributyltin
10 ng/L

Total suspended solids Permissible 10% maximum
increase over seasonal
average concentration
For human health protection

Parameter
Criteria values
Note
Bacteria
100 faecal coliform/100mL
Coastal water quality for
35 enterococci/100mL
recreational activities

b.
List of CPMS-II proposed Water Quality Criteria requiring further review

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Parameter
Criteria values
Note
Arsenic
120 µg/L
Need further review of existing concentration in the
environment and criteria derivation
Zinc
50 µg/L
Need further review in view of large variation between existing
national standards of member countries and proposed value.
Additionally, the existing concentrations in the environment
are higher than the proposed value. Do not have adequate
toxicity data.

c.
Proposed actions for implementation of ASEAN Marine Water Quality Criteria
· Chemical and biological monitoring
Priority should be given to establishing a systematic chemical and biological monitoring program in all
ASEAN member countries. Due to the lack of data of some parameters in the region, the monitoring
program should be encouraged to fill up the data gaps and update the existing data. Biological indices
could be additional measurements to monitor the effect of some parameters on living aquatic organisms
as they provide direct and clear pollution status.

· Capacity building
There is a great need for training on marine pollution monitoring and analytical techniques in many
countries. Some parameters, such as tributyltin (TBT), exist in the environment at very low
concentrations and require a high degree of skill for accurate analysis. Moreover, the necessary
equipment and materials are lacking in many member countries. In order to apply common standards
over the region, capacity building in terms of technique, knowledge and human resources, as well as
inter-calibration is therefore necessary. Common practice of Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC)
of the laboratories and QA/QC network should be established to ensure precision of the data when
comparing the data among member countries.

· Additional water quality criteria
Apart from reviewing the derivation of criteria values for Arsenic and Zinc, there is a need to develop
criteria and standards for additional parameters of concern, such as PAH's (polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons), phthalate esters, and pesticides.

· Effluent criteria
Besides water quality standards for the protection of the coastal and marine environment, there is also a
need to formulate ASEAN effluent standards to ensure and enhance the coastal water quality in
ASEAN.

· Sediment quality criteria
Whilst water quality criteria and standards are being developed, there is also a need to develop sediment
quality criteria and standards in order to provide better protection of the aquatic environment. The
monitoring of contaminants in sediment would provide information on both the current as well as part
levels of pollution. The concentration of contaminants accumulated in sediment is usually higher than
that in the water column, and this allows a higher precision of chemical analysis.

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 6
page 1

ANNEX 6

Flow Chart of Actions
for the Land-Based Pollution Component of the UNEP GEF South China Sea Project




Assessment of
Identify & Characterise
Prioritising
Causal Chain
Possible
Investment and
Strategic Action
General Information
Hot Spots
Hot Spots
Analysis
Intervention(s)
economic benefits
Programme
Geographic conditions
Hot Spots
Initial ranking
Identify root cause(s)
Alternative solution
Pre-feasibility
Potential Pilot
(info. on catchment)
definition
of hot spots
of Problems
for barrier removal
Studies
Projects
Socio-economic conditions
Gathering Info. for
Other consideration
Causal chains
Analysis of Cost
Costs of
Priority Investment
the identification
on prioritisation
effective of alternatives
intervention(s)
Portfolio
Initial characterisation
Benefits of
Hot Spots
intervention(s)
Cost of
non-intervention

---

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 7
page 1
ANNEX 7
Initial guidance for the National Committees on Land-based Pollution regarding criteria, indicators data and information needs
for the analysis of Hot Spots in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand
Criteria
Indicators
Data & Information needed
Remarks
Concentration of ammonia, cadmium, chromium (VI), Some of these parameters may be removed after
copper, temperature, cyanide, dissolved oxygen,
Chinese criteria have been considered.
Impacts on the marine
lead, mercury, nitrate, nitrite, oil and grease, total
Data submitted by National Committee for each
environment
Ambient Water Quality
phenol, phosphate, tributyltin, BOD, COD, total
hot spot will be compare with ASEAN/China
suspended solids, and bacteria in the proposed hot
water quality criteria.
spot areas at least twice a year for at least one year,
as well as other parameters available.

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 7
page 2

Data on Concentration and temporal/spatial trend of
Temporal scale should be at least 4-5 years. Can

land-based pollutants (heavy metals, POPs,
also compare with existing sediment standards
Sediment quality
hydrocarbon, Nutrient, organic carbon) in at least few
samples of sediment of the proposed hot spot areas.
Concentration and trend of land-based pollutants
Temporal scale should be at least 4-5 years. Can

Biological samples
(heavy metals, POPs, hydrocarbon) in LMOs from
also compare with existing biological guidelines
each proposed hot spot area.
Number of incidents and location showing any
e.g. imposex in molluscs due to TBT

Changes in living marine changes in physiology, behaviour, or other biological
organisms
characteristics of organisms that can be attributed to
land-based pollutants in each hot spot area.
Area and extent of total loss or modification (including e.g., 50% of original coral reef had been
changes in species composition and abundance) of destroyed by sediments from land erosion)

Affected marine
communities
any marine or coastal habitats in each proposed hot Fish kills due to BOD of LbP
spot areas that can be attributed to land-based
pollutants.
Presence of
e.g. Cs-137 radioactivity above background in
Transboundary
contaminants from non-
Type, concentration and other information (if any) of
water/sediments of the proposed hot spot area
significance
local, non-national
contaminants from non-local source.
without any known nuclear facilities in the area or
sources
in the country.
Potential mode of
Oceanic and atmospheric circulation and dispersion
e.g., maps or figures showing seasonal surface

transportation of
patterns, Plume, fronts, for the areas inferred from
and sub-surface circulation
contaminants and Extent models, or observation, or remote sensing
of water movement

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 7
page 3

Concentration of contaminants due to land-based
e.g. concentration of POP, PAH, heavy metals in

`Quality' of migratory
pollutants in migratory species, such as fish, birds
spiny lobsters
species
and invertebrates, caught in or near the proposed hot
spot area
Regional and/or
Loading of land based pollutants from the catchments BOD, TN, TP, SS, heavy metal, etc. that Can be
global significance
Contaminant load
into each proposed hot spot area
estimated from real data or be derived from WHO
Rapid Assessment of Pollution Source? (RAPS)
Number of people directly linked to the proposed hot
Example of `direct links' are living on shore

Affected population
spot area
adjacent to the proposed hotpot area, fishing in
the area, use the area for recreation,

Affected area
The size of the proposed hot spot
In Km2


Affected species
Internationally recognised endangered and/or
e.g. dugong
threatened species
Concentration of contaminants including bacteria due e.g. E.coli, POP, heavy metal, hydrocarbons
Human health
Food safety
to land-based pollutants in seafood produced or
harvested from the proposed hot spot areas
Number of cases per year and trend over at least 5
E.g. diarrhoea or PSP cases after red tide or

Sickness/Disease
years of sickness, disease or death of humans living
bloom induced by land-based sources.
in, or near, the proposed hot spot areas that can be
attributed to land-based pollutants
Socio-economic
Development plans and time span of the plan for the
Urbanisation, industry, and tourism, port
Future threats
development
proposed hot spot area and its catchments basin,
development, aquaculture, golf course


Population growth
Projected population growth in next 5 and 10 years in

the proposed hot spot area and its catchments

---

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 1
ANNEX 8

Analysis of Pollution Data Contained in the National Reports of Participating Countries

Load related data and Impact Related Data

Cambodia
Major geographic division: Catchment
1. Mekong 70,060 km2
2. Tonle Sap 67,600 km2
3. Coastal 18,300 km3

Major geographic division: Coastal province
1. Koh Kong 11,160 km2
2. Sianouk Ville 868 km2
3. Kampot 5,209 km3

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Rainfall
m3/y
river catchments (35)
Longterm average
Discharge
m3/y
river catchments (35)
Longterm average
Rural Population
Persons
Coastal province (3)
1997
Urban population
Persons
Coastal province (3)
1997
Total population
Persons
Coastal province (3)
68,80,87,92,93,94,95,96,97
City population
Persons
city (9)
1997
Sewer discharge
m3/y
city (9)
1997
BOD loading
ton/day
city (9)
1997
TSS loading
ton/day
city (9)
1997
Total N loading
ton/day
city (9)
1997
Total P loading
ton/day
city (9)
1997
Solid waste generated
ton/day
city (9)
1997
Solid waste collected
ton/day
city (9)
1997
Solid waste disposed to water
ton/day
city (9)
1997
Mines and quarries
Number
city (9)
1998
Manufacturing factories
Number
city (9)
1998
Power plants
Number
city (9)
1998

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 2

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Mines and quarries
Number
country
93,94,95,96,97,98
Manufacturing factories
Number
country
93,94,95,96,97,98
Power plants
Number
country
93,94,95,96,97,98
Import goods
ton/y
Sihanouk Ville Port
92,93,94,95,96
Export goods
ton/y
Sihanouk Ville Port
92,93,94,95,96
Number of groundwater wells drilled
new well/year
country
83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96
Number of groundwater wells drilled
new well/14 years
province (19)
1983-1996
Land use/cover (13 categories)
km2
province (22)
73-76,85-87,92-93
Oil/gas exploration
Map


Shrimp farms
Map
Koh Kong
1992
TSS concentrations
mg/l
Mekong River (5 st)
monthly, Aug 93 ­ Feb 98
D.O.
mg/l
Tonle Sap River (4 st)
bimonthly, Jul 95 ­ Feb 98
Poor groundwater quality
Map
Country


China
Major geographic division: Province
1. Guangdong 83,333 km2
2. Guangxi 20,361 km2
3. Hainan 33,920 km2
4. Hong Kong 1,068 km2
5. Macau 22 km2

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Population
Person
City (33)
1996
Population
Person
Coastal province (3)
1996
Population growth
%
Coastal province (3)
1991-1995
GDP by sectors (4)
RMB/y
City (31) and province (3)
1996
Top 10 export commodities
volume and USD/y
province (3)
Average 1995-1996
Top 10 import commodities
volume and USD/y
province (3)
Average 1995-1996
Agricultural production and growth
RMB/y and %/y
province (3)
average 1992-1996
Population involved in agriculture
person
province (3)
average 1992-1996
Fishery production, value and growth
ton/y RMB/y and %/y
province (3)
average 1994-1996
Aquaculture production and growth
ton/y and %/y
province (3)
average 1994-1996
Forestry production, value and growth
ton/y RMB/y and %/y
province (3)
average 1992-1996

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 3
Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
No. of tourist by origin
person/y
province (3)
average 1992-1996
No. of hotel rooms
rooms
province (3)
average 1992-1996
River discharge
km3/y
rivers (11)
longterm average
Total River discharge
km3/y
province (3)
longterm average
COD loading via rivers
ton/y
province (3)

Inorganic N loading via rivers
ton/y
province (3)

Inorganic P loading via rivers
ton/y
province (3)

SS loading via rivers
ton/y
province (3)

Oil loading via rivers
ton/y
province (3)

COD loading direct to SCS
ton/y
province (3)

Inorganic N loading direct to SCS
ton/y
province (3)

Inorganic P loading direct to SCS
ton/y
province (3)

Waste water from coastal industry
m3/y
province (3)

COD loading from coastal industry
ton/y
province (3)

Inorganic N loading from coastal industry
ton/y
province (3)

Inorganic P loading from coastal industry
ton/y
province (3)

SS loading from coastal industry
ton/y
province (3)

Oil loading from coastal industry
ton/y
province (3)

Heavy metals from coastal industry
ton/y
province (3)

Rice field
ha
province (3)
1995
Other seasonal crops
ha
province (3)
1995
Plantation
ha
province (3)
1995
Poultry
Number
province (3)
1995
Livestock
number
province (3)
1995
Ferilizer used
ton/y
province (3)
1995
Pesticide used
ton/y
province (3)
1995
Freshwater aquaculture
ha
province (3)
1995
Marine aquaculture
ha
province (3)
1995
Land forest
ha
province (3)

Mangrove
ha
province (3)
1990
Timber production
m3/y
province (3)

Other forestry products
ton/y
province (3)

Motor boat
Number and total tonnage
province (3)

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 4

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Barge
Number and total tonnage
province (3)

Sailing boats
Number and total tonnage
province (3)

Port activities--number of vessel and cargo transfer
Number/y and ton/y
major sea ports (17)
1996
Oil/gas terminal
location
province (3)

Coal and oil consumptions
ton/y
province (3)
1995
Vehicles
number
province (3)
1995
MC?
number
province (3)
1995
Water treatment facilities and capacity
number and ton/y
cities (25)
1996-97, and 2003
(project)
Surface current
Map
SCS
August and February
Location of Major Loading
Map
SCS coast


Indonesia
Major geographic division: Region
1. Riau and Batam 94,561 km2
2. Bangla-Belitung and South Sumatera 103,688 km2
3. Jakarta and West Java 46,890 km2
4. East Java 47,921 km2
5. South Kalimantan 37,660 km2
6. West Kalimantan 146,760 km2

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Population
person
Regions 1-6
71,80,90,95,96
fertility, mortality, migration
person/y
Regions 1-6
1996
Total GDP
Rupiah
Regions 1-6
1995-96
GDP by sector (11)
Rupiah
country
1995-96
Top 10 export commodoties
ton/y and USD/y
country
1997
Top 7 import commodoties
ton/y and USD/y
country
1997
BOD Loading
ton/d
Region 3 only
1992
Heavy metal??
mg/l
Regions 2,4,5
1989-1991
River discharge
ton/y
Regions 3,4
1994
BOD loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 3,4
1994
Total N loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 3,4
1994
Total P loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 3,4
1994

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 5
Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
SS loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 3,4
1994
Oil loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 3,4
1994
COD loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 3,4
1994
Per capita load of BOD, COD, N, P, detergent,
g/capita/d


phenol, coliform
Composition of solid waste
%
Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Pekan
1988-89
Baru cities
N loading (total)
ton/y
Regions 1-6
1990
Paddy field
ha
Regions 1-6
1990, 1992-1996
Fertilizer used
ton/y and as ton-N/y
Regions 1-6
1990, 1994
Pollution load from coastal industries
Relative Industrial Pollution Factor?
Regions 1-6
1990
Industrial BOD loading via rivers
kg/d
Regions1,4,5
1997
Industrial COD loading via rivers
kg/d
Regions1,4,5
1997
Pollution? load from industrial and human
ton/d
12 Java rivers

settlement
Other sesonal crop
ha
Regions 1-6

Plantation
ha
Regions 1-6

poultry and livestocks
number
Regions 1-6

Aquaculture area
ha
Regions 1-6

pesticide and other agrochemical used
kg/ha
country
1978-82, 1990-94
Erosion and sediment transport by rivers
mm/y and ton/km2/y
9 major catchment in Java and
vary (1948-1978)
Sumatera
Heavy metals (8) loading
kg/h
9 rivers on Jakarta Bay
1994
Incidents of oil and other spills
date, location


BOD and COD concentrations

27 rivers
1989
Waste treatment capacity
m3/d
Regions 2-6
`present'
Port activities
number of calls/y and tons/y cargo
Regions 1-6
1997
load/unload
Vehicles
number
Regions 1-6
1996
forest fire/urn area
ha/y
Regions 1-6
86,87,88,94,97
Wet precipitation (SO4, Cl, H, Ca, Mg, NH4)
g
Regions 1-6

toilet facility
Number
Regions 1-6
1992
Diarrhea
cases/y
Regions 1-6
1985-90

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 6

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Hotel rooms
number
Regions 1-6

International visitors
number/y
country
1980-1996
Agriculture production and earning
ton/y and
Regions 1-6
91,92,93,94,95
Case of water borne disease
case/y
Regions 1-6
90-95

Malaysia
Major geographic division: State
1. Kelantan 14,922 km2
2. Terengganu 12,995 km2
3. Pahang 35,966 km2
4. Johor 18,986 km2
5. Sabah 73,620 km2
6. Sarawak 123,985 km2

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Total population
person
Regions 1-6
1991
BOD loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 1-4

Total AN loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 1-4

SS loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 1-4

Oil loading by rivers
ton/y
Regions 1-4

Industrial sources of polluion
number
Regions 1-6
1993
Non-rice seasonal crop
ha
Regions 1-4

Plantation
ha
Regions 1-4

Aquaculture area
ha
Regions 1-6

Port acitivities
calls/y and tons cargo transfer/y
Regions 1-6
1993
Oil spill incidents
cases/11 years
Regions 1-6
1987-97
BOD loading from major cities
ton/y
Regions 1-4

Total AN loading from major cities
ton/y
Regions 1-4

Number of waste treament plants
Number
Regions 1-4
1998 and 2003 (projected)
Cases of water related diseases
cases/y
Regions 1-6

Surface current
Map

July, January

Philippines
Major geographic division: Political Jurisdiction

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 7
1. West Luzon 29,270 km2
2. Mindoro 5,880 km2
3. Palawan 14,900 km2

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Solid waste generated--total and coastal areas
ton/day
country
1989,1995,2000
Composition of solid waste
%
country

Upland to lowland loading by sectors (18)--THW?
Te/y?
Metro Manila
1997

Thailand
Major geographic division: Water Resource Region
1. North 171,500 km2
2. Central 64,040 km2
3. East 36,500 km2
4. South 49,890 km2

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
GDP by sectors (3)
USD/y
country
90,91,92,93,94
BOD generated and loading by sectors (4)
ton/y
Regions 1-4
1995
Total P generated and loading by sectors (4)
ton/y
Regions 1-4
1995
Total N generated and loading by sectors (4)
ton/y
Regions 1-4
1995
BOD loading by small factories direct to the sea
ton/y
Regions 1-4

Upland to lowland discharge of BOD
%
Chao Phrya and Tachin Rivers

Maritime accident
case/24 years
Regions 2,3
1973-1996
Coastal land use/cover (4 classes)
ha
Regions 2,3,4
1993
Standard for potable groundwater
ppm
country

Groundwater contamination
location
Regions 1-4


Viet Nam
Major geographic division: River System
1. Red 72,700 km2
2. Thai Binh 15,180 km2
3. Kycung-Bac Giang 11,200 km2
4. Ma 17,600 km2
5. Ca 17,730 km2

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 8

6. Thu Bon 10,350 km2
7. Ba 13,900 km2
8. Dong Nai-Saigon 37,400 km2
9. Mekong 71,000 km2

Major geographic division: Coastal provinces
§ 26 provinces (1,386 ­ 16,449 km2)

Major geographic division: Regions
1. Northern Moutains 5,940 km2
2. Red River Delta 6.810 km2
3. Central Coastal 51,220 km2
4. Eastern 49,820 km2
5. Southern 24,160 km2

Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Average Water discharge
m3/s
All river systems

Population
person
province (26)
1996
Crude oil production
ton/y
country
1986-96
Oil concentration
mg/l
6 stations
1996 (2 periods)
Wastewater generated
m3/d
9 cities/towns in Northern Economic Zone

BOD, COD, generated

3 cities/towns in Northern Economic Zone

oil and grease generated

2 cities/towns in Northern Economic Zone

Wastewater, TSS, BOD, COD dischagre
kg/d
4 provinces in SOuthern Economic Zone

Domestic wastewater
m3/d
6 cities in SEZ

Fluxes of heavy metals (8)
ton/y
6 river systems and by region

Sources (5) of oil to the sea
ton/y
country
1992,1995,2000
NO3 and PO4 fluxes
ton/y
6 river systems

solid waste generated, collected
m3/d
15 provinces
1996
Loading at hot spots

Halong Bay, Hai Phong, Da Nang, GanhRai-Vung Tau

Loading at high risk areas

Red River Delta, Mekong Delta

BOD,COD, SS, TDS Total N and Total P in domestic
ton/y
10 cities

waste water
Groundwater yield
m3/s
regions

coastal aquaculture pond and production
ha and ton/y
region
1991,1993

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 8
page 9
Data
Format
Geogr.Unit
Years
Surface circulation
Map
SCS
January, July
Industrial and population centers
Map
Country

Petroleum activities and navigation route
Map
Country

Major river system
Map

---

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 9
page 1


ANNEX 9
Schedule of Meetings and Workplan for 2002

Table 1

Schedule of Meetings for 2002







































M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31




January
N.Y.





































1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28




February














ChnN.Y.






















1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

March
















RSTC-1

















1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30






April

RWG-LbP-





Thai N.Y.







RWG-W-1

RWG-M-1





1


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31



May




RWG-S-1 RWG-Cr-1




RWG-F-1

















1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

June





































1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31





July






































1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31


August









































1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
September









RWG-W-2
RWG-M-2





RWG-LbP-2



GEF-IW


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31


















GEF Assembly

















October






RWG-F-2












RWG-Cr-2
RWG-S-2









1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

November







Ramadan





























1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
December






Ramadan




RSTC-2

PSC-2





Xmas












































Official United Nations Holidays in Thailand

---

UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 9
page 2





Table 2
Workplan and Timetable for completion of agreed activities in 2002


2002
2003

April
May
June
July
August
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
National Committee meetings
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Review National Reports











Review Regional database and respond











Prepare & produce a review of national legislation,




1st draft

Final



institutional arrangements, standards, criteria,
monitoring and controls relevant to Land-based
Pollution at the national level
Task 1 Hot Spot

Identify Hot-spots












Characterise Hot spots











National Prioritisation













Regional Prioritisation












Second meeting RWG-LbP






x




Task 2 Causal Chain Analysis

Identify sources











Identify proximate to ultimate cause by source












Identify priority points of intervention











Evaluate barriers and possible solutions

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 10
page 1


ANNEX 10

Data and Information Requirements for Preparation of a Regional Synthesis and Overview of Land-based Pollution
in the South China Sea Marine Basin

Geographic Unit:
Load: catchment
Impact: 10,000 km3, 100 km shoreline

Time Frame:
present
10 year ahead
10 year back

Coastal Impact Data
Criteria/Indicators
Description
Time Scale
Spatial Scale
Ambient water quality
Surface concentration of parameters in ASEAN list 1 year average for ~1990 and
Every ~100 km along coastline
~2000
Sediment quality
-%sand,silt,clay

Every ~100 km along coastline
-organic content (wt.loss?)
Human Health
-cases of diarhea per year
Yearly, ~1990 to ~2000
From every administration unit
-cases of PSP per year
(~10,000 km2 or ~100 km apart)
along the coast

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UNEP/GEF/SCS/RWG-LbP.1/3
Annex 10
page 2

Loading Data
Criteria/Indicators
Description
Time Scale
Spatial Scale
Urban population
Number of people in urban area
~1990, 2000, 2010
Every administrative unit
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
catchment
Total population
Total number of people
~1990, 2000, 2010
Every administrative unit
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
catchment
Industrial source
Number and production of factory (by types)
~1990, 2000, 2010 (if any)
Every administrative unit
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
catchment
Agriculture source
-Paddy field area (ha) and rice production (ton/y)
~1990, 2000, 2010 (if any)
Every administrative unit
-Other annual crop area and production
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
-Plantation area (fruits, rubber)
catchment
Livestock source
-Number of poultry (duck, chicken)
~1990, 2000, 2010 (if any)
Every administrative unit
-Number of lifestock (cow, buffalo, sheep...)
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
catchment
Aquaculture
-pond area (ha)
~1990, 2000, 2010 (if any)
Every administrative unit
-production (ton/y)
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
catchment
Solid waste
-waste generated (ton/y)
~1990, 2000, 2010 (if any)
Every administrative unit
-waste collected (ton/y)
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
catchment
Waste water treatment
-Number of facility
~1990, 2000, 2010 (if any)
Every administrative unit
facilities
-Capacity
(~10,000 km2) that belong to the
catchment
Groundwater
-Groundwater yield (m3/d)
2000
Atleast 10 wells for each
-Groundwater salinity/chloride
administrative unit (~10,000
km2) along the coastline

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