GUINEA CURRENT LARGE MARINE
ECOSYSTEM PROJECT
REPORT OF THE TRANS-BOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC
ANALYSIS (TDA) AND INDICATORS WORKSHOP
ACCRA, GHANA, 18 - 22 APRIL 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................3
2. BACKGROUND ...............................................................................................3
3. OPENING
CEREMONY...................................................................................4
4. TECHNICAL
SESSION....................................................................................5
5. REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUPS ........................................................9
6. CLOSING
CEREMONY.................................................................................10
ANNEXES
A. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS........................................................ 11
B. WORKSHOP PROGRAMME....................................................................
16
C. STATEMENT BY THE HONOURABLE DEPUTY MINISTER FOR
ENVIRONMENT AND SCIENCE..............................................
17
D. WORKING GROUP REPORTS ON THEMATIC AREAS OF THE
TDA............................................................................................................. 19
E. WORKING GROUP REPORTS ON LOG FRAME MATRIX
ANALYSIS OF THE TDA........................................................ 37
2
1.
INTRODUCTION
The Trans-boundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) and Indicators workshop, of the GCLME
project, was held at the auditorium of the Science and Technology Policy Research Institute
(STEPRI) Accra, Ghana from the 18th to 22nd of April 2005. The two workshops were held
back to back, with the Trans-boundary Diagnostic Analysis Workshop being held from 18th
to 20th, while the Indicators Workshop was from 21st to 22nd.
The workshops were attended by experts in various disciplines from the 16 member
countries of the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME) region, who were
invited based on their personal capacity. Others were cooperating agencies, UN and non-
UN, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and other stakeholders. Also in attendance
were the UNDP Regional Coordinator for International Waters and Biodiversity for West
and Central Africa, Dr. Abdoulaye Ndiaye, and a representative from the United States
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Dr. Bradford Brown.
2.
BACKGROUND
The Guinea Current region encompassing the area between Guinea Bissau and Angola
faces challenging issues involving population, urbanization, fisheries depletion, water
pollution, public health and sanitation, habitat degradation, loss of biological diversity, land
use planning and coastal erosion. The Global Environment Facility (GEF) funded pilot
project, "Water Pollution Control and Biodiversity Conservation in the Gulf of Guinea
Large Marine Ecosystem" from 1995 1999, was initiated to address these problems in six
countries in the region namely, Benin, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria and Togo.
At the end of the project, Ministers of Environment of the participating countries called for
the initiation of an expanded project to include all 10 new countries situated within the
natural limits of the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem. In response to the Ministers'
request in the PDF-B project, "Development of a Strategic Action Programme for the
Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME)" was initiated.
Two important targets of the first year of the GCLME project implementation are the
updating and completion of the TDA and the definition and adoption of indicators relevant
3
to the project. Whereas the TDA provides a basis for the formulation of the Strategic
Action Programme (SAP), the indicators which include Process Indicators, Stress
Reduction Indicators and Environmental Status Indicators, serve to inform the Monitoring
and Evaluation (M & E) process and are adopted by the participating countries as tools for
long term monitoring of SAP implementation.
The joint Workshop recognised the intimate relationship between development of the TDA
and the definition of Indicators. The Workshop was the necessary first step towards the
attainment of the above-mentioned targets.
3.
OPENING CEREMONY
Mr. Edward Osei Nsenkyire, the National Project Director of Ghana, represented by Mr.
Napoleon Gbolonyo, Senior Research Scientist welcomed the participants to the Trans-
boundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) and Indicators Joint Workshop.
The opening ceremony was chaired by International Consultant, Mr. George Nai. The
chairman in welcoming the participants reiterated the importance of the Regional Approach
to the management of the GCLME resources. He also enjoined the participants to proffer
permanent solution to these problems and monitoring to assess the effectiveness of the
solution measures. In acknowledging the importance of funds for the Workshop, he
thanked all those involved in its' provision. Prof. Jide Alo, Director of the Nigerian
Ministry of Environment/ University of Lagos Linkage Centre for Human Resources
Development and chairman of all the working sessions of the development of the TDA
during the PDF phase, welcomed the participants and gave a short statement with regards
to the GCLME TDA, as the first step appropriate to diagnose problems for action in our
International Waters and for the management of the GCLME resources.
Prof. Chidi Ibe, Regional Director of the GCLME, also welcomed participants, saluting
their willingness to sacrifice for common good. He stated that participants were here
because of their expertise / knowledge and potential contribution to the success of the joint
Workshop. In his speech he thanked Dr. Ndiaye of UNDP for his commitment in ensuring
that the project moved forward, Prof. Alo for guiding the TDA process and for his
clairvoyance, Ghana for being an excellent host to the project's Regional Coordination Unit
and the Director General of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). In
4
wishing the participants successful deliberations, he stated that the same team will
participate in the two Workshops because of the intimate relationship between the TDA
and Indicators, thus placing a solid footing for the rest of the GCLME activities for the year
and beyond.
The Ghanaian Honourable Minister for Environment and Science was unavoidably absent
but represented by Mr. Moses Ajaab. The Minister, in her speech, emphasized the
importance of the coastal area and the significant impact of development on the
environment and hence the need for scientists to advise the government on management,
through integrated resource management approach to establish a balance between economic
activity and resources. He declared the Workshop open at 10.50 am.
The vote of thanks was given by Mr. Napoleon Gbolonyo.
4.
TECHNICAL SESSION
The technical session of the Workshop commenced under the chairmanship of Prof. Jide
Alo, who invited Prof. Chidi Ibe to present the project titled "Combating Living Resource
Depletion and Coastal Area Degradation in the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem
through Ecosystem- Based Regional Actions".
Prof. Ibe identified four major trans-boundary environmental issues in the TDA as:
1.
Decline in GCLME fish stocks and unsustainable harvesting of living resources.
2.
Uncertainty regarding ecosystem status, integrity (changes in community
composition, vulnerable species and biodiversity, introduction of alien species)
and yields in a highly variable environment including effects of global climate
change.
3.
Deterioration in water quality (chronic and catastrophic) from land and sea
based activities, eutrophication and harmful algal blooms.
4.
Habitat destruction and alteration including inter alia, modification of seabed
and coastal zone, degradation of coastscape and coastline erosion.
He stated that resolution of the above issues are encapsulated in the overall development
goals of:
1.
Recovery of depleted fish stocks
5
2.
Restoration of degraded habitats
3.
Reduction of land and ship based pollution
4.
Creation of ecosystem-wide assessment and management framework for
sustainable use of living and non-living resources in the GCLME.
He enunciated that in achieving these goals, priority needs to be given to capacity building,
as sustainability would be derived from the improved capacity, strengthened national and
regional institutions and improved policy / legislative framework.
He outlined major components in attaining the expected results to include:
1.
Finalize SAP and develop sustainable financing mechanisms for its
implementation.
2.
Recovery and sustainability of depleted fisheries and living marine resources
including mariculture.
3.
Planning for biodiversity conservation, restoration of degraded habitats and
developing strategies for reducing coastal erosion.
4.
Reduced land and sea based pollution and improved water quality.
5.
Regional coordination and institutional stability.
He also enumerated that there were nine demonstration projects within the region that seek
to address these environmental issues and these consist of three regional and six national
projects.
Regional:
1. Trends in Primary Productivity and Implication for Carrying Capacity of the
System.
2. Fish Trawl Survey and Stock Assessments.
3. Establishment of Common Environmental Information Management Systems.
National:
1.
Creation of Marine Protected Areas in Benin
2.
Institution of ICAM in Kribi, Cameroon
3.
Low Cost, Low Technology Coastal Defence Measure in Cote d'Ivoire
4.
Creation of a Waste Stock Exchange Management System in Ghana
6
5.
Nypa Palm Clearance and Mangrove Re-aforestation in Nigeria
6.
Reduction of Nutrient Discharges in Togo
It is expected that results to be obtained will include:
1.
Improved institutional structure to address priority regional issues including a
GCC for conducting effective regional interventions.
2.
Improved legal / management structures for addressing priority issues, including
a protocol on land based activities for the Abidjan convention and coastal
erosion.
3.
Nine successful demonstration projects as basis for replication in and outside
the region as concrete steps towards achieving agreed environmental quality
objectives.
4.
Nationally endorsed Strategic Action Plans and NAPs with accompanying
sustainable financing plan to lead the way towards continued incremental
improvement to the GCLME, based on regional commitment and consensus.
5.
Enforce national and regional data and information acquisitions, exchange and
management systems to support decision-making.
6.
Effective coordination of programme activities and preliminary SAP
implementation through the establishment of a Regional Coordination Unit,
Steering Committee and development of a GCLME.
Five activities or modules would be involved and these are namely:
1.
Productivity
2.
Fish and Fisheries
3.
Pollution and Ecosystem Health
4.
Socio-Economics
5.
Governance
Prof. Alo, chairman of the technical session also asked Prof. Ibe to present the TDA
document, which constitutes the basis for the TDA Workshop. The crucial components of
the document presented were:
1.
Identification of Major Perceived Problems and Issues (MPPI)
2.
Causal Chain / Root Cause Analysis
3.
Synthesis Matrix
7
4.
Priority Areas of Future Interventions
5.
Ecosystem Quality Objectives (EQOs)
6.
Towards a Sustainable Future in the GCLME Region.
After the presentation, the participants were broken into Working Groups on the basis of
the major problems / issues identified in the TDA document. The groups and their thematic
areas were:
Group 1: Decline in Fish Stocks and Unsustainable Harvesting of Living Resources.
Group 2: Uncertainty Regarding Ecosystem Status and Yields in a Highly Variable
Environment Including Climate Change.
Group 3: Deterioration in Water Quality (Chronic and Catastrophic), Pollution from Sea
and Land Based Activities, Eutrophication and Harmful Algal Blooms
Group 4: Habitat Destruction and Alteration, including inter alia, Modification of Seabed
and Coastal Zone Degradation of Coastscape and Coastline Erosion
The groups were also given cross-cutting issues to work on and these were:
1.
Low Level Capacity, Expertise and Ability to Monitor Environmental
Variability.
2.
Inadequate / Inappropriate Data and Information Management.
3.
Governance and Institutional Framework.
The thematic areas were addressed by each group as follows:
1.
Problems
2.
Causes of Problems
3.
Impacts
4.
Risks / Uncertainty
5.
Socio-Economic Consequences
6.
Trans-boundary Consequences
7.
Activities / Solutions
8.
Anticipated Output
8
5.
REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUPS
The Working Groups set out to work on the thematic areas of the TDA from the afternoon
of the 18th to the morning of the 19th of April 2005. Group 2 changed the title of its
thematic area from "Uncertainty Regarding Ecosystem Status and Yields in a Highly
Variable Environment Including Climate Change" to "Threats to Ecosystem Integrity and
Loss of Yields in a Highly Variable Environment". A title it felt would be more suitable to
the issues in the theme.
The chairman Prof. Alo called for a half way review of the Working Groups at a plenary
session in the afternoon of the 19th to ensure that each group was working according to the
terms of reference. Group representatives presented the work done so far and comments
and contributions were made by other participants. The final presentations of the groups on
the TDA were done during the afternoon plenary session of 20th April. The report of each
group is presented in Annex D.
The second Workshop commenced on the 21st of April with Prof. Alo still chairing the
programme. In his opening speech he stated that for the next two days the log frame matrix
and proposed indicators would be examined. He then invited Dr. Abdoulaye Ndiaye, the
UNDP Regional Coordinator for International Waters and Biodiversity for West and
Central Africa to expatiate on what was expected from the Indicators Workshop.
Dr. Ndiaye welcomed the participants and stated that, strictly speaking, this marked the
kick off of the project. He also said the project is a partnership between the recipient
countries involved and GEF. GEF Secretariat is to coordinate and ensure accountability and
endorsement by participating countries. There are three Agencies for the implementation of
GEF projects: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank and United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). GEF gives the financial assistance for the
execution of the approved projects. UNDP and the other Implementers have chosen United
Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) as the executing agency.
GEF's contribution to the project is $20 m while counterpart funding from the countries is
$34 m, which demonstrates ownership by the countries as well as the probability of
ensuring sustainability and continuity beyond GEF funding of the project.
9
The objective is to involve all stakeholders. Consultation is essential to be on the same
level and establish confidence in each other in order to achieve the common goal of the
project. The project is to benefit the 300 m people in the GCLME region. UNDP's
supervisory role is to ensure that resources are efficiently used to achieve the expected
result.
At the invitation of the chairman, Dr. Brad Brown of NOAA presented a case study from
the USA of the implementation of Large Marine Ecosystem Projects.
Thereafter, the Regional Coordinator of the GCLME, Prof. Ibe presented the Log Frame
Matrix Analysis. The Log Frame Matrix Analysis entails the development of a tool for the
logical implementation of the components of the project. He stated that the SAP would put
in place the necessary institutional arrangements.
The participants again broke into Working Groups to examine and update the Log Frame
Matrix Analysis. At a plenary session in the afternoon of 22nd April, the different Working
Groups presented the results of their deliberations, which was extensively discussed. The
reports of the Working Groups are in Annex E.
6.
CLOSING CEREMONY
The Joint Workshop on TDA and Indicators was brought to an end at 7.30 pm on the 22nd
of April with a short ceremony chaired by Ms. P. O. Abohweyere from Nigeria in the
presence of representatives of Ghana's Ministry of Environment and Science and the
International Waters.
10
ANNEX A
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
COUNTRIES
Angola
Benin
Dr. Maria Esperanca Pires dos Santos
Prof. Sikirou Adams
Head of Department, Fishing Technology
Executive Secretary
National Department of Fisheries,
Centre for Environment and Development in
Ministry of Fisheries
Africa (CEDA)
Luanda, Angola
Cotonou, Benin Republic
Tel: 244- 91515770 (mobile)
Tel: 229-301405
244- 449519 (residence).
Fax: 229-307599
E-mail: esperancamaria2000@yahoo.com
E-mail: adam_ceda@yahoo.fr
Mariasantos35@hotmail.com
Cameroon
Cote d'Ivoire
Nwanyuo Victor Mbai
Prof. Aka Kouame
MINEP
UFR des Sciences de la Terre
Cameroon
et des Ressources Minieres
Tel: 237-7959858
Universite de Cocody, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
E-mail: nkwanyuo_mbai@yahoo.com
Tel: 225- 22445270
Mobile: 225- 07815285
Folack, Jean
Fax: 225- 21351155
Minrest-Irad, Kribi Station
E-mail: akaraphael@yahoo.fr
P. O. Box 219
ksalomon7@hotmail.com
Kribi, Cameroon
Tel: 237-3461646
Affian Kouadio
237-7761480
CURAT - Université de Cocody
Email: j.folack@odinafrica.net
Abidjan, Cote d'ivoire
folack@yahoo.fr
E-mail: k_affian@yahoo.fr
Democratic Republic of Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Leonard Muamba
Fortunato Eneme
Directeur,
University of Guinea
National CGNEL
E-mail: enemeefua@yahoo.es
Democratic Republic of Congo
E-mail: léonard_muambakomla@yahoo.fr
T. Morgades Besari
University of Equatorial Guinea
E-mail: trumi2004@hotmail.com
Don Paulino Esono Marie Mangue
Tecnico de Medio Ambiente
Ministrio de Pesca y Medio Ambiente
Calle la Ronda 51-5, Malabo, Guinée Ecuatorial
Tel: 240-092953 / Fax: 240-091007 /093313
E-mail: ofa@intnet.gq
11
Ghana
Ghana
David Kpele
Prof. E. Owusu-Bennoah
Conservation International
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
Accra, Ghana
Accra, Ghana
E-mail: dguba-kpele@conservation.org
E-mail: eobennoah@ucomgh.com
A.Y. Karikari
Humphrey Kuma
Water Research Institute
Ministry of Tourism & MCC
Accra, Ghana
Accra, Ghana
E-mail: aykarikari@hotmail.com
E-mail: humphreyk10@yahoo.com
Ferguson John Atiso
Dr. George Wiafe
Ministry of Environment and Science
Department of Oceanography and Fisheries
Accra, Ghana
University of Ghana,
P.O. Box LG 99,
Sossou K. Lucien
Legon, Ghana
GAGEC Ltd., Accra
Tel: 233-21-513263/ 233-244-657475
E-mail: luk-sos@yahoo.com
Fax: 233-21-502701
E-mail: wiafeg@yahoo.com/ wiafeg@ug.edu.gh
Mr. Kamal-Deen Ali
M. A. Ajaab
Navy Headquarters
Ministry of Environment and Science
Burma Camp, Accra
Accra, Ghana
Tel : 233-244-380484
E-mail: mosesajaab@yahoo.com
E-mail : alikamaldeen@yahoo.com
Kwamena Quaison
George Nai
Ministry of Environment and Science
Private Consultant
Accra, Ghana
P.O Box TN 768
E-mail: atobiggy@yahoo.co.uk
Teshie-Nungua
Accra,Ghana
Harry Barnes-Dabban
Tel:233-21-777860
GPHA
Mobile: 233-20-8122493
E-mail: hbarnes-dabban@ghanaports.net
E-mail: ggnai@hotmail.com
ggnai@hotmail.com
Adwoa Paintsil
Water Resources Commission
K. Sersah-Johnson
Accra, Ghana
Ministry of Environment and Science
E-mail: adwoap@yahoo.com
Accra, Ghana
E-mail: ksersah@yahoo.com
Ama Kudom-Agyemang
Media, Ghana Broadcasting Corporation
E-mail: kudomagyemang@yahoo.com
12
Gabon
Guinea
Vaz Lourenco
Richard, Theophile
DGE
Ministere Environnement
E-mail: conivaz@yahoo.com.fr
BP. 3118
Conakry Guinea
Mme Solange Loubamono
Tel: 224-278894
La Directrice Général Adjointe de
E-mail: richardtheophile@yahoo.fr
l'Environnement
Ministère de l'Economie forestière, des
Kenya
eaux, de la pêche, chargé de
l'environnement et de la protection de la
Charlemagne Assogba
nature
ACM Ltd,
BP 3903
Box 66441-00800
Libreville Gabon
Nairobi, Kenya
Fax : 241-765548
E-mail: assoba@yahoo.com
E-mail : loubamonosolange@yahoo.fr/
loubamono.solange@caramail.com
Liberia
Nigeria
Benjamin S. Karmorh, Jr
Dr. Sam Anurigwo
Environmantal Protection Agency
Permanent Secretary
Liberia
Office of the Secretary to the Government
E-mail: benkarmorh@yahoo.com
Governor's Office
Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Fax: 234-83-231252
E-mail: sanurigwo@yahoo.com
Nigeria
Ms. Parcy Abohweyere
Dr. E.A. Ajao
Chief Research Officer & Head of Fisheries, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography & Marine
Statistics & Economics Division,
Research
NIOMR, Wilmot Point Road, Bar Beach,
Wilmot Point Road, VI,
V/Island, Lagos
Lagos Nigeria
Tel: 234-1-618977/ 2617530
Tel: 234-1-2617530
Fax: 234-1-2619517
Email: niomr@linkserve.com.ng
E-mail: parcyochuko@yahoo.com/
gboyegaajao@yahoo.com
niomr@hyperia.com
Adesanya L.F. (Dr)
Prof Babatunde Alo
Zecomayo Conference Services
Director
Abuja, Nigeria
Centre for Environmental Human Resources
E-mail: dradesanya2004@yahoo.co.uk
Development and Dean School of Postgraduate
Studies, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos,
Prof. Dike I. Nwankwo
Nigeria
University of Lagos
Fax: 234-1-3200888
E-mail: dikenwankwo@yahoo.com
E-mail: profjidealo@yahoo.com
13
Sao Tome
Sierra Leone
Mr. Fernando Lima da Trindade
Dr. Raymond G. Johnson
Direcçõ , Serviços Geográficos e Cadastrais University of Sierra Leone
Ministry of Building, Infrastructure, Natural Institute of Marine, Biology and Oceanography
Resources and Environnement
Tel: 232-76-629355
C.P. 67, Praca de Amizade
Email: Traymond12001@yahoo.com
Sao Tome e Principe
Tel: 239-222936/ 221617
Mobile: 239-905953
Fax: 239- 222936/ 22824
Email: gefamb@cstome.net
fernandotrindade2001@yahoo.com.br
krtatecnik@cstome.net
Togo
Dr. Adoté Blim Blivi
Docteur en Géomorphologie et Gestion du
Littoral
Université de Lomé
Centre de Gestion Intégrée du Littoral et de
l'Environnement
Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines,
Département de Géographie
BP 1515 / 60047 Bè Lomé Togo
Fax : 228-2218595/ 2258784/ 2216817
E-mail: adoblivi@hotmail.com
NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
Prof. Okond'Ahoka José
Chikwendu, Chike
Président,
General Secretary
Action pour la Gestion Rationnelle des
Friends of the Environment
Substances Chimiques et des Déchets
P O Box 52756
Dangereux, AGCD/asbl (ONG).
Ikoyi,
6, rue Monswaya C/Ngaliema
Lagos Nigeria
BP 16789
Tel: 234-8023188059
Kinshasa 1 République, DRC
Email: c_chikwendu@hotmail.com
Tel: 243- 98227539
chike_chikwendu@yahoo.com
Fax: 1- 775 243 1043
E-mail: okondahuka_fr@yahoo.fr
14
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Dr. Bradford Brown
Dr. Abdoulaye Ndiaye
Science and Research Director
Regional Coordinator
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
West/ Central Africa International Waters &
Administration
Biodiversity, UNDP/GEF
National Marine Fisheries Service
Boite postale 154
Southeast Fisheries Centre
Immeuble Faycal, 19, rue Parchappe
75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL 33149, USA
Dakar, Senegal
Tel: 1- 305-3614285
Tel : 221-8399050
Fax: 1-305-36142194
Fax : 221-8235500
E-mail: Brad.Brown@noaa.gov
E-mail: abdoulaye.ndiaye@undp.org
GCLME RCU
Prof. Chidi Ibe
Dr Jacques Abe
Regional Director
Environment Expert
No. 1 Akosombo Road
E-mail: gclme@unido.org, jabel@hotmail.com
PMB CT 324, Accra, Ghana
Tel: 233-21 781335
Fax: 233-21 781226
E-mail: gclme@unido.org, c.ibe@unido.org
Dr. Djama Theodore
Mr. Napoleo Gbolonyo
Fisheries Expert
Administrative Officer
E-mail: gclme@unido.org,
E-mail: gbolonyo@yahoo.com
theodoredjama@yahoo.co.uk
Mr. Joshua Okechuku Ndubuisi
Ms. Kelechi Ihemeje
ICT Specialist
Personal Assistant to Regional Director / Editor
E-mail: nduijooch@hotmail.com
E-mail: kihemeje@yahoo.com
Ms Sylvia Osei Nsenkyire
Mr. Stephane J.P. Akpa
Intern
LAN Administrator
E-mail: Feasy2k@yahoo.com
E-mail: jmakpa@yahoo.fr
15
U N I D O
U NEP
U NDP
GEF
ANNEX B
WORKSHOP PROGRAMME
Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday
Thursday Friday
Presentation of Log
TDA update
TDA update
8: 30-10 :00
Opening
Frame Analysis/ M and Working Groups
(Working Groups)
(Working Groups)
E process
10 :00-10:30
Coffee/tea break
Presentation of
Indicators
10:30-11:30
GCLME Project
(Working Groups on
TDA update
TDA update
Working Groups
(Working Groups
Process
Presentation of
(Working Groups)
Indicators/Stress
Finalization
11:30-12:30
Finalization.)
TDA Document
Indicators/Environment
status Indicators)
12:30-13:30
Lunch
TDA update
TDA update
TDA update
Indicators (Working
Indicators Synthesis
13:30-15:30
Plenary
(Working Groups)
(Plenary: Synthesis)
Groups Continue)
in Plenary
15:30-16 :00
Coffee/tea break
Indicators Synthesis
TDA update
TDA update
TDA update
Indicators (Working
in Plenary
16 :00-18 :00
Plenary
(Working Groups)
(Synthesis and Conclusion)
Groups Continue)
Conclusion and
Closing
16
ANNEX C
STATEMENT BY THE HONOURABLE DEPUTY MINISTER FOR
ENVIRONMENT AND SCIENCE, DR ADOMBIRE GEYSIKA AGAMBILLA
Mr. Chairman,
Regional Director of the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME) Project,
Representatives of UN Agencies,
Distinguished Members of the GCLME National Project Steering Committee,
Distinguished Workshop Participants
Ladies and Gentlemen,
It is a privilege and a pleasure for me to be part of such an important Workshop whose
theme is informed by the Trans-boundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) of the Guinea
Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME) Project, which provides a basis for the
development of a Regional Strategic Action Plan.
Mr. Chairman,
The Trans-boundary nature of the GCLME Project places an important and major
responsibility on all the participating countries to put their shoulders to the wheel to ensure
an unbridled pursuit of the clearly defined goals of the GCLME project. This is the only
way that we, as worthy stakeholders, can actualize the salient objectives of the project.
The main objective of the TDA is to provide a framework of national and regional policies
and practical strategic actions for the preparation of a comprehensive Regional Strategic
Action Plan by the coastal states. This is expected to provide coastal states the
opportunities to undertake national and regional approaches to protect and maintain the
biological diversity and habitats which form an integrated whole and an essential
component of the global life support system.
It is an undoubted fact that in our various countries, as participating nations of the GCLME
project, we may have national plans and strategies which may significantly address some of
the issues that informed the birth of this project, but the TDA has the capacity to deliver
more sustainable Environmental Management Approaches that will effectively prevent,
reduce and control land-based sources of pollution across the region. This can lead to the
adoption and practice of Environmental Management Systems for effective co-regulation of
the private sector.
According to some environmental reports on the GCLME Project, the most significant
impacts on our ecosystem include:
1. Discharge of industrial effluents with high organic loading.
2. Dumping of sewage with micro-organisms and pathogens with/without industrial
effluents.
3. Oil spills from principal oil refineries, explorations and other oil handling
operations
4. Development of coastal area infrastructure especially ports and hydropower
generation on inland waters disrupting estuary ecosystems.
17
I urge you as scientists and technocrats participating in this Workshop to advise your
various governments to commit themselves to the conservation and sustainable use of
marine living resources for optimum benefit. Our governments should also take action to
promote sustainable exploitation of marine living resources to meet human nutritional
needs as well as social, economic and development goals.
I also wish to advise that in our attempt to address the broad range of social and
environmental issues confronting us regionally, using an integrated resource management
approach, we should also accommodate and protect certain strategic national installations
such as industries. Such industries may be pivotal to the stabilization of our national
economies. I am simply calling for the maintenance of a delicate balance between
economic activities and environmental protection.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
I wish to commend the organizers and sponsors of this Workshop, UNIDO, UNEP, UNDP,
GEF and the Regional Coordination Unit (RCU) of the GCLME Project for their foresight
and commitment towards the numerous projects initiated within the sub-region to address
issues concerning the coastal and marine environment and their living resources.
I take this opportunity to also welcome you all to this dear nation of ours, Ghana. I trust
that the five-day deliberations that we are going to have, will in no small way add
substantially to the knowledge and experience we already possess. I know that the
programme for this Workshop is very tight, nonetheless I urge you to find time to visit
some of our tourist sites and to enjoy the proverbial Ghanaian hospitality.
With this new resolve, which makes it imperative for all countries who share international
waters to work together towards a sustainable exploitation of our natural resources, I
humbly declare this Workshop duly open.
I wish you all the best and look forward to fruitful deliberations.
Thank you.
18
ANNEX D
WORKING GROUP REPORTS ON THEMATIC AREAS OF THE TDA
GROUP 1
THEME: DECLINE IN GCLME FISH STOCKS AND UNSUSTAINABLE
HARVESTING OF LIVING RESOURCES
Members
1. Dr. Raymond G. Johnson (Chairman)
Sierra Leone
2. Harry Barnes-Dabban (Rapporteur) Ghana
3. Benjamin S. Karmorh, Jr
Liberia
4. Theodore Djama
Cameroon
5. Fortunato Eneme Efua
Equatorial Guinea
6. Lourenco Vaz
Guinea Bissau
7. Kwamena E. Quaison
Ghana
8. Dr. Bradford Brown
USA
9. Maria Esperansa Pires dos Santos
Angola
10. Charlemagne Assogba (Interpreter)
Kenya
Introduction
After brief introductory remarks by the chairman, discussion on the theme followed.
Group discussions centred on the following:
a) Problems
b) Causes of problems
c) Impacts
d) Risks/Uncertainties
e) Socio-economic consequences
f) Trans-boundary consequences
g) Activities/solutions
h) Anticipated outputs
The following problems were identified:
· Inappropriate (dangerous) fishing methods (under size meshes, fish blasting, fish
poisoning, etc.)
· Habitat destruction/environmental degradation (destruction of fish breeding and
spawning grounds, mangrove clearing)
· Pollution
· Encroachment of industrial vessels into areas reserved for artisanal fisheries
· Causes related to global climate change
· Areas to be monitored/controlled and placed under surveillance too large
· Inadequate control of access to the resources
· Inadequate control on fishing gear and technology
19
Causes of Problems
· Ineffective institutional and legal framework
· Limited knowledge about the resources and the environment
· Ineffective Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS)
· Ineffective intersectoral coordination
· Habitat degradation
Activities/Solutions
· Establish regional forum on monitoring, control and surveillance activities Page
98
Risks/Uncertainties
· Political instability (Civil unrest, civil war, etc) Page 98
Socio-economic Consequences
· Population surge in non fishing areas Page 98
Trans-boundary Consequences
· Resource decline page 98
· Conflicts
Explanatory notes
· Conflicts may arise from encroachment, availability of limited space, physical
conflict, harvesting of fish at different stages of their life history and harvesting of
migratory species.
Activities/Solutions
· Establish regional forum for resource use, conflict management/Expand the
mandate of the forum for stock assessment and harmonization of management
action to include resource use conflict resolution Page 98
Anticipated Outputs
· Regional forum with expanded mandate to deal with resource use conflict
established Page 98
Recommended Changes
Page No 54, Table/Figure No 5.1-2
· Under sub heading `Inadequate control of access to resources': Lack of or in
operational MCS should read `Inadequate MCS'
· Lack of intersectoral coordination should read `Inefficient intersectoral
coordination'
Mariculture
Page No 107, Table/Figure No T.A3
Causes
· Insufficient technical expertise
20
Risk/Uncertainties
· Modification of species diversity
Activities
· Workshop to develop guidelines on sustainable mariculture
Explanatory notes
· Mariculture, especially cage culture is an activity that requires very high
environmental standards; therefore, a well trained group of technical experts is
crucial to the success of any sustainable mariculture project.
· Modification of species diversity is likely to occur where accidental species release
takes place, e.g. in case of cage breakage.
Cross Cutting Issues
Recommended Changes
· Add to Causal Chain Analysis Fig. 5.1-2 on page 54, under the sub theme
`Inadequate Control of Access to Resources' Inadequate and/or inappropriate data
and information management (Table C6).
· Add to Table A1 on pages 98-99 under the heading `Causes' Inadequate and/or
inappropriate governance regime (Table C7).
· Add to Causal Chain Analysis Fig.51-2 on page 54, under the sub theme `Increasing
Catch and Effort' Climate change issues.
· First line in place of matrix put matrices (P.97).
· Under Table A 1-5; delete A6 P.97.
· Under Table C 1-5 (pg.97); add C6 and C7 and their corresponding titles (see pg.
144-146).
· P.64 Environment impacts as a heading should precede text starting with Sea-level
rise etc.
· Delete Fluctuations in biodiversity as there is no accompanying text to that heading
(Pg.64).
21
GROUP 2
THEME: THREATS TO ECOSYSTEM INTEGRITY AND LOSS OF YIELDS IN A
HIGHLY VARIABLE ENVIRONMENT
Members
1. George Wiafe (Chair) Ghana
2. Parcy Abohweyere (Rapporteur) Nigeria
3. Prof. Dike I. Nwankwo
Nigeria
4. Trinidad M. Besari
Equatorial Guinea
5. Adwoa Paintsil
Ghana
6. Leonard Muamba-Kanda
DR Congo
7. Humphrey Kuma
Ghana
8. Ama Kudom-Agyemang
Ghana
9. Nkwanyuo Victor Mbai
Cameroon
10. Theophilus K. Seddoh (Interpreter) Ghana
Methodology
Abbreviations
· Each update includes tracking information with respect to Working Document. For
example, (Page 112-2). AMD, Refers to page 112, bullet point 2 and AMD means
and AMMENDMENT to the text.
· The following abbreviations were used with the tracking information - ADD:
Addition; AMD: Text has been amended; DEL: Deletion; NEW: New information
Causal Chain Analysis
· Problem
Causes
Impacts
Risks/Uncertainties
Trans-boundary Consequences
Socio-Economic Consequences
Activities/Solutions
Priority
Anticipated Outputs
22
CAUSES
Highly Variable
Vulnerability of
Inadequate
Ecosystem
Biodiversity
Data/Information
Habitat
Complexity of
Harvesting of
Limited Knowledge of
Degradation
Physical,
Endangered spp.
Climate Change
Chemical and
Impact
Biological
Processes
Underutulization
Population
of certain spp.
Inadequate Predictive
Pressure
Models
Climate
Change
Coastal
Poor understanding of
Erosion
Ecosystem
Sea Level Rise
Sand winning
Low Level Human
and Institutional
Capacity
Shore
Development
Inadequate Financial
Resources for
Monitoring
Unconcerted
Management of
Ecosystem
23
Problem 1: Threat to Vulnerable Species and Vulnerability of Habitats
· Causes
Population migration to coast This is a worldwide trend. Logical
consequences are a threat to habitats and resources that are attractive to
tourists, especially mangroves/wetlands (Page 112-2). AMD
Competition for space and food (birds, humans) competition among the
marine organisms for food and breeding space. They are also in competition
for food and space with human populations (Page 112-6). AMD.
· Impact
Loss of coastline due to erosion (Page 112-6). AMD.
· Risks/uncertainties (Delete original)
Lack of policy/legal framework (Page 112). NEW.
Lack of enforcement of existing regulation (Page 112). NEW.
Potential occurrence of tsunamis in the region
· Activities/Solutions
Appropriate mitigation for combating beach erosion (Page 112-2). AMD.
Designation of marine protected areas (Page 112). ADD.
Compliance monitoring for pollution (Page 112). ADD.
Development of a tsunamis warning system
Problem 2: Unknown Role of Non-Harvested Species in the Ecosystem
· Trans-boundary consequences
Unused/under-used stock may have trans-boundary distributions (e.g.
Arioma bondi and A. melanum in Nigeria). Knowledge of what is in the
system, its biology, and what role it plays, and how it can be impacted by
anthropogenic activities would have an effect in all countries (Page 112-1).
AMD.
· Anticipated outputs
Comprehensive ecosystem model for sustainable integrated management of
living resources (Page 116-2). AMD.
Improvement in the exploitation of under-utilized living resources (Page
116). ADD.
· Risks/uncertainties
Unable to predict impacts of changes in abundance of non-harvested species
upon harvested species (Page 116). ADD.
Unknown economic viability (Page 116). ADD.
· Socio-economic consequences
Food security potential (Page 116). ADD.
Jobs (Page 116). ADD.
Revenue (Page 116). ADD.
24
Problem 3: Highly Variable System, Uncertainty Regarding Ecosystem Status and
Yields
· Causes
Limited understanding of cause and effect relationships compounded by the
problems of predicting environmental variability but also ecosystem impacts
(Page 120-2). AMD.
Inadequate data/information: long-term data series are few and incomplete
and, ecological processes are poorly understood (Page 120-4). AMD.
· Impacts
Variations in zooplankton and fish egg/larval survival and higher level
impacts (A, B, and C) through changes in primary production and
stratification/turbulence caused by changes in wind frequency, direction and
strength regulated by remote climatic and hydrographical factors (Page
120-4). AMD.
(A= large scale sustained events; B= decadal changes; C= high frequency/short-
lived/episodic events)
· Socio-economic consequences
Livelihood vulnerability (job losses and gains) (Page 121-1). AMD
Threatened food security (Page 121-4). AMD.
Unconcerted management of ecosystem resulting in regional conflict (Page
121-7). AMD.
Changes in revenue, private income and exports leading to social
unrest/instability (Page 121-8). AMD.
· Activity/Solutions
To obtain archived data/information from historical expedition by
Europeans (Page 122). ADD.
· Anticipated outputs
An established regional environmental analysis/reporting system/network
and activity centre (i.e. Productivity Centre; Regional HAB reporting) (Page
122-5). AMD.
Useful predictions and models on carrying capacity of the GCLME (Page
123-6). AMD.
Cross-Cutting Problem 4: Low Level Capacity, Expertise and Ability to Monitor
Environmental Variability
· Causes
Limited availability of infrastructure, equipment and supplies (Page 126-7).
AMD
· Impacts
Data collection/information gathering methodologies are not uniform across
region (Page 126-5). AMD
· Socio-economic consequences
Under-utilization of non-harvested resource (Page 126-1). AMD
25
Over-exploitation of harvested resources (Page 126-1). AMD
Limited opportunities for potential resource access/management (Page 126-
2). AMD
· Activities/Solutions
Create economic opportunities and carrier prospect to ensure long term
benefits (Page 127-2). AMD
Cross-Cutting Problem 5: Inadequate/Inappropriate Data and Information
Management
· Problem
Inadequate/inappropriate data on living resource and ecosystem resulting in
over-exploitation of harvested species and under-utilization of non-
harvested resource. Information management is hampered by poor data
generation and limited infrastructure in GCLME countries (pg. 144). AMD
· Causes
Poor quality of data generated (pg. 144-1). AMD
· Risks/uncertainty
Inability to retain personnel for continuity of projects (pg. 144). ADD
Incompatibility of data storage and retrieval systems between generations
(pg. 144). ADD
· Activities/Solutions
Set up a network between centres of excellence for training in relevant new
computer packages (e.g. ECOPATH and FISAT); and facilitate exchange
and support. (pg 144). AMD.
Collaborate with appropriate international Agencies (i.e. IOC/UNESCO,
GLOBEC, COADS-NOAA), in the use of IT to develop regional potential
in the management of data and information. (pg 144). AMD.
Cross-Cutting Problem 6: Governance and Institutional Framework
· Problem
Inadequate/inappropriate Governance regime to address ecosystem integrity
and sustainable exploitation of living resources. (pg.146). AMD.
· Causes
Decision making process regarding the ecosystem and its resources is
ineffective because of top-bottom approach (pg.146). AMD.
Poor co-ordination of environmental activities at the national and regional
levels (pg.146). ADD.
· Trans-boundary consequences
Governance issues at the regional level are addressed by
protocols/conventions, which guides member states in the formulation of
individual legal instruments. (pg.146). ADD.
· Activities/Solutions
Development of regional environmental framework for adoption by member
states to guide them in the formulation of enforceable national regulations.
(pg.146-7). ADD.
26
GROUP 3
THEME: DETERIORATION IN WATER QUALITY (CHRONIC AND
CATASTROPHIC), POLLUTION FROM SEA AND LAND BASED ACTIVITIES,
EUTROPHICATION AND HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS
Members
1. Dr Sam C. Anurigwo (Chairman)
Nigeria
2. Lt Cdr Kamal-Deen Ali (Rapporteur)
Ghana
3. Dr Adesanya L.F (Interpreter)
Nigeria
4. Theophile Richard
Guinea
5. Anthony Yaw Karikari
Ghana
6. Prof Aka Kouame
Cote D'ivoire
7. Paulino Esono
Equatorial Guinea
8. Prof Okond' Ahoka Jose
DR Congo
9. Dr Jean Folack
Cameroon
10.Marcos Wabi
Benin
Amendments to Figure 5.3-2 pg 77
Below are recommended amendments to the 3 sources of pollution and the Causal Chain
Analysis contained in figure 5.3-2 (page 77).
Empty boxes mean no changes are made
POLLUTION OF RIVERS AND COASTAL
POLLUTION OF RIVERS AND COASTAL WATERS
LAND AND SEA-BASED ACTIVITIES AND SOURCES
INDUSTRIAL
DOMESTIC/MUNICIPAL/
EFFLUENTS
MINING/OIL
MEDICAL WASTE
EXPLORATION
Use of poor /
Lack/inadequate waste
Disposed directly
inappropriate
treatment facility
into rivers and
technology
coastal waters
Inadequate legal
frame work and
regulatory
enforcement
Inadequate legal and
regulatory
framework
and enforcement
27
Additions to Figure 5.3-2 pg 77
It is recommended that shipping/Maritime Transport and Agricultural/Land Uses should be
added to the figure 5.3-2, page 77
POLLUTION OF RIVERS AND COASTAL WATERS
LAND AND SEA-BASED ACTIVITIES AND SOURCES
SHIPPING/MARITIME TRANSPORT
AGRICULTURAL & LAND USES
Indiscriminate use of fertilizers/ agro
Oil spills, discharge of ballast water and
chemicals including POPs and use of
ship generated waste
chemicals in fishing
Inadequate regulatory framework
Inadequate legal and regulatory frame
work and poor enforcement
Poor enforcement
Inadequate port reception facilities and
tech capacity for emergency response
Non-existence or inadequate
institutional capacity
Lack of mechanisms for regional co-
ordination and surveillance
Inadequate compliance with maritime
conventions and protocols
28
To be added as text (on page 76 before last paragraph) showing shipping/maritime
transport as a source of pollution of the GCLME and laying foundation for the
Causal Chain Analysis above.
Pollution from shipping and maritime transport constitutes another source of degradation of
the marine environment and deterioration of the water quality of the GCLME and
represents a trans-boundary problem in the region. Ship source pollution is mainly from the
discharge of ballast water into the sea and oil spillage from ships.
Undoubtedly, globalization has continued to put demand on maritime transport. More than
90 % of world trade is seaborne. In 2001, seaborne trade came to a record high of 5.88
billion metric tons in its 15th consecutive growth (UNCTAD, Review of Maritime Transport
2001). Most countries of the GCLME are primary exporters of raw materials that feed the
major industrial economies. At the same time these countries rely heavily on imports for
their socio-economic development and serve as transit ports for neighbouring landlocked
states. The increases in maritime transport have come with corresponding pollution and
destruction of the marine environment and ecosystem of the GCLME region.
There are standards and conventions regulating ship source pollution within the umbrella of
the IMO. Indeed, the emphasis for coastal states is the institution of effective coastal and
port state regulation and enforcement and the establishment of facilities such as port
reception facilities. Most GCLME countries however, lack the necessary regulatory
framework and port reception facilities. In some cases the manpower capacity to ensure
effective regulation of ship source pollution is weak and completely lacking in some places.
Amendments/Additions to Log Matrix Table B3 Page 128 And 130 "Management of
Eutrophication and Consequences of Harmful Algal Blooms"
Causes
· Inadequate waste treatment facilities
· Inadequate regulatory frame work and poor enforcement
Socio-Economic Consequences
· Poverty aggravation
· Unemployment
Trans-boundary Consequences
· Reduction in gross fish stock in the region
· Spread of exotic species across the coastal reaches of the GCLME region
· Reduction in tourism potential of the region
Activities/Solutions
· Expand and strengthen the regional Nutrient Activity Working Group
(NAWG)
· Regular monitoring to identify early warning signals
e.g. - Fish death from chocking with diatoms
- Clogging of fishing net by blue green algae
29
Priority (Scores)
· Priority scores should be aligned with bulleted points
· Nutrient Activity Working Group should be scored as priority 1
Out puts · Improved management of nutrients
Amendments/Additions To Log Matrix Table C1-3 Page 132 And Explanatory Notes
on Page 135 "Improvement Of Water Quality, Reduction Of Land And Sea Based
Sources Of Pollution, Prevention And Management Of Oil Spill, Reduction Of Marine
Litter"
C1
Problems · Indiscriminate siting of factories/industries
Causes
· Absence of, or inefficient regulatory institution
· Coastal agricultural activities
Impact
· Public health deterioration
Socio-Economic Consequences
· Poverty aggravation
Activities/Solutions
· Design/development of regional protocols and conventions on pollution
· Develop model legislation for water pollution to help individual states
implementation of conventions and protocols
Anticipated Out Put
· Model regulations for GCLME countries
C2
Causes
· Equipment failure
· Deployment of sub-standard ships/tankers in the region
· Oil pipeline vandalization and sabotage
· Non-compliances with maritime conventions and protocols
Socio-Economic Consequences
· Loss of revenue/income
· Unemployment
C3
Problems · Used plastics
30
· Waste dumped by ships and fishing trawlers
· Illegal dumping of toxic waste and containers
Amendments/Additions To B2 Page 124 "Capacity Strengthening And Training"
Risk/Uncertainty
· Budget size for project implementation
Activities/Solutions
· Generate regional activity tools for effective capacity development
Amendments/Additions To Table C6 Page 144 "Inadequate/Inappropriate Data And
Information Management"
Problems · Non-availability of uniform regional format for data generation
Socio-Economic Consequences
· High project failure rate
Trans -boundary Consequences
· Availability of data with poor regional comparability
Conclusion
The GCLME is encumbered by pollution loads from various land and sea-based activities
which result in eutrophication, cause emergence of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) and
lead to general deterioration in the water quality and carrying capacity of the rivers and
coastal waters of the region, among other things.
The present exercise, (TDA), is therefore a critical process in the multi-sectoral assessment
of the trans-boundary issues and in the identification of the specific activities needed to
address the pollution scenarios in the region.
31
GROUP 4
THEME: HABITAT DESTRUCTION AND ALTERATION INCLUDING INTER-
ALIA MODIFICATION OF SEABED AND COASTAL ZONE DEGRADATION OF
COASTSCAPES AND COASTLINE EROSION
Members
1. Dr. Emmanuel Adogboyega Ajao (Chairman) Nigeria
2. Dr. Kouadio Affian (Rapporteur) Côte
d'Ivoire
3. Dr. Evelyne Solange Ndoulou Loubamono
Gabon
4. Chikwendu Chike
Nigeria
5. Prof. Sikirou Adam
Benin
6. Fernando Trindade
Sao Tome & Principe
Methodology
· Update the text
· Update the tables
Table C4: Retardation /Reversal of Habitat Destruction / Alteration. P.138)
Causes
· Replace first bullet by «Physical alteration arising from demersal trawling
· Add: "Variable river sediment input"
· And "Changing land use"
Table C4
Impact
Add the following bullets:
· Biodiversity degradation
· Shore line change Table C4 (suite I)
Risk
· Land use conflict
· Climate change
· Flooding of coastal area
· Conflict coming from the use of resource
Uncertainties
· Complete lack of data
· Framework of impact monitoring
· Cumulative local vessels impacts
· Impacts from natural spatial and temporal variation
Socio-economic consequences
· Add «Loss of cultural area / heritage / amenities »
Activities / Solutions
The full activities must be the following:
· Comprehensive status report
32
· Assess the cause of habitat destruction (third bullet)
· Determination and prioritization of the vulnerable zones
· Monitor coastal processes and dynamics
· Replicate preferred solution
· Adapt an agreed regional structure to address problem
· Applied control measure to limit the failure of coastal defence structure
· National project demonstration
· Determination of sediment budget
Causal Chain Analysis: Habitat Degradation (P. 41)
The apexes are the following:
· Pollution
· Coastal degradation
· Destructive fishing methods
· Industrial activities
· Climate change
Pollution
· Sediment / siltation instead of siltation
· Coastal agriculture / aquaculture in stead of coastal agriculture
Coastal degradation
· Sand / salt mining
· Dredging activities
· Inadequate planning
· Deforestation / devegetation
Industrial activities
· Oil exploration / exploitation instead of Oil exploration
Table C5 (Conservation of Biodiversity) (p.140)
Risk / Uncertainties
· Delete: No baseline data
· Add: loss of species
Trans-boundary consequences
· Add Fisher / Fishes
Table C6: Inadequate / inappropriate Data and Information Management (P. 144)
Causes (delete all the bullets and replace by the following)
· Poor data collection, processing, storage and networking
· Poor information for data support
· Poor data and information exchanging / networking
· Lack of harmonization in data collection and dissemination
· Lack of data Bank
Impact
· Lack of systematic and time series data for adequate information
33
· Poor data and information exchange
· Lack of regional integration and harmonization data
· Poor decision making based on inadequate data
Risks / Maintenance
· Poor support for decision making and political and economical issues
· Poor natural and regional planning
· Poor expectation based on poor data input
Socio-economic consequences
· Poor planning based on poor data
· Inappropriate information to all stakeholders
· Unfulfilled economic and development goals
Activities / solutions
· Establish a regional cooperation for data harmonization
· Set up centres of excellence for training exchange / networking and support
· Liaise and collaborate with appropriate agencies and partners in data and
information management
· Set up and develop regional data and information management
Table C7: Governance and Institutional framework (P. 146)
Causes
· 2nd bullet use linkage instead of interlinkage
· Third bullet use policy in stead of arrangement
Impact
· 2nd bullet use non harmonization instead of non-coordination
Socio-economic consequences
· 2nd bullet use inadequately instead of poorly
Trans-boundary consequences
· Inadequate regional cooperation
· Inadequate harmonization of legal policy, economy framework
· Inadequate awareness
Activities / solutions
· 2nd bullet- replace the paragraph by Centre for Policy and Strategic Studies.
· Last bullet replace the paragraph by Regional Arbitrage Centre
Table A3: Responsible Development of Mariculture (p.107)
Causes
· Lack of tradition for aquaculture and marine culture
· Inadequate fisheries for development
· Information / awareness
· Lack of regional policies and cooperation
34
Trans-boundary consequences
· Delete the third bullet
· Set the fourth bullet as the following:
· Introduction of potential disease pathogen
Activities / solutions
Break into bullet as the followings
· Undertake socio-economic and feasibility assessment
· Harmonisation of national policy into a regional framework
· Provide mitigation against potential problems
· Promote responsible development of mariculture in GCLME
Table B2 « Capacity Strengthening and Training » (P. 124)
Problems
Break into 3 bullets:
· Storage in capacity and equipment
· Inadequate training for environmental management prediction
· Disparity in regional capacity
Cause
· Limited regional collaboration in training
· Inadequate budgetary allocation
· Inadequate technical skill for equipment maintenance
· Insufficient provision, accessories spares
· Insufficient attention to training and man power development
· Emigration of technocrats due to poor economic conditions
Socio-economic consequences
The restructuring is as follows:
· Suboptimal or over utilization of resources, inadequate information, knowledge,
understanding required for resource management
· Unequal opportunity for resource access / Management
· Limited stakeholder participants
· Creation of conflict
· Insufficient basis for decision making at all levels of government
· Law institutional sustainability
Trans-boundary consequences
Restructure all the bullets as follows:
· Uncoordinated resource management, research and monitoring programmes
· Non harmonization of management of overall system
· Disparity in capacity leading to gaps in research and monitoring effort
· Inability to holistically monitor and manage the system
Activities / Solutions
· Assess capacity needs to address national and Trans-boundary issues
· Device strategies for creating job opportunities and improving infrastructure and
remuneration
35
· Creation of regional multi disciplinary tasks teams
· Establish regional collaboration for training, transfer technology and expertise
· Improve networking via the internet and other suitable technologies
· Improve public education and awareness
· Increase stakeholders participation and co-management
· P. 88 2nd paragraph of chapter 5.4 line 8: in Côte d'Ivoire more than 95 % in the
bay of Cocody
· P. 90: Paragraph 2 line 7, read Adjoufou and not Adjoufun
· P. 90 Paragraph 5 line 3: read Aneho and not Anero
· Before the last paragraph insert a paragraph related to coastal erosion in Gabon as
follows: "In Gabon, Coastal erosion causes serious concerns. It destroys coastal
infrastructures mainly at Libreville, Pointe Pongara, Port Gentil etc."
· P.90 paragraph 7, line 2: read:" Although about seven sand nourishment etc., line 3
read:" completed in 2002 have etc.
36
ANNEX E
WORKING GROUP REPORTS ON LOG FRAME MATRIX ANALYSIS (TDA
INDICATORS)
GROUP 1
Members
1. Dr. Raymond G. Johnson (Chairman)
Sierra Leone
2. Harry Barnes-Dabban (Rapporteur) Ghana
3. Benjamin S. Karmorh, Jr
Liberia
4. Djama Theodore
Cameroon
5. Fortunato Eneme Efua
Equatorial Guinea
6. Lourenco Vaz
Guinea Bissau
7. Kwamena E. Quaison
Ghana
8. Dr. Bradford Brown
USA
9. Leonard Muamba
DRC
10. Theophilus K. Seddoh (Interpreter) Ghana
Component 1:
Under column Objectively Verifiable Indicators, the following inputs were made:
Out put 1.2
· (Add) New data report compiled
Out put 1.3
· (Add) Established regional TDA Working Groups
Out put 1.4
· (Delete) National endorsement obtained by year 2
· (Add) National Action Plan compiled, prepared and endorsed by year 2
Out put 1.7
· (Add) Arrangements finalized for sustainable financing of ecosystem
management of GCLME
Out put 1.8
· (Add) Economic instruments (Policies, Business Plans) developed
· (Add) Other types of incentives to control pollution adopted
· (Add) Less polluting technologies adopted
· Under Sources of Verification, a recommendation was made to
(Add) Progress report on less polluting technology
Component 5
Under column Objectively Verifiable Indicators, a recommendation was made to:
Output 5.2
· (Add) Number of new initiatives developed by Governments
· Under column Sources of Verification, a recommendation was made to
(Add) Reports linking project accomplishments to national/regional goals
37
GROUP 2
Members
1. Parcy Abohweyere (Chair)
Nigeria
2. Prof. Dike I. Nwankwo
Nigeria
3. Trinidad M. Besari
Equatorial Guinea
4. George Wiafe
Ghana
5. Adwoa Paintsil
Ghana
6. Maria Esperanca
Angola
7. Humphrey Kuma
Ghana
8. Ama Kudom-Agyemang
Ghana
9. Nkwanyuo Victor Mbai
Cameroon
10.Theophilus K. Seddoh (Interpreter) Ghana
Out 2.1 · Insert: Activity on top of row showing break down of outputs
Objectively Verifiable Indicators.
· Mechanism for on-going stock assessment established. 3, AMD
4, DEL.
Types of Indicators:
S
Activities
· 2.1.2 Develop and implement common methodology for joint ecosystem-wide
stock assessment. AMD
· 2.1.3 Carry out ecosystem-wide surveys (oceanography, productivity,
ecological and introduced species sampling). AMD
· 2.1.4 Device a mechanism for on-going stock assessment. AMD
Tool of Verification AMD
· 4, DEL.
Out put 2.2
· Identification of appropriate methods to estimate sustainable yields of
commercially important fish species. AMD
Activities
· 2.2.1 Determine methods to estimate sustainable yields for dominant fisheries
through workshop. AMD
· 2.2.2 Estimate sustainable yields for dominant fisheries through ecosystem-
wide stock assessment surveys. AMD
· 2.2.3. Implement fisheries management measures on commercially important
fisheries in the region from estimates of sustainable yields of annual stock
status report through the IGCC and GCC. AMD
38
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
· Workshops held; methods for estimating sustainable yields determined. AMD
Types of Indicators
· S
Assumptions and Risk
· Risk is minimal as similar efforts were successfully undertaken based on data
from two region-wide trawl surveys during the pilot phase GoG-LME project.
2, AMD
Out put 2.3
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
· Marine productivity centre equipped and functional by year 1. ADD
· Productivity analyses completed and published.1 AMD
· ECOPATH/ECOSIM Type analysis completed. 2 AMD
· Gaps defined by year 2. 2, AMD
· Analysis of primary productivity data completed by year 3 and published. 3,
AMD
Types of Indicators:
· S
Tools of Verification
· TORs. DEL
Outcomes
· Ecosystem-wide primary and secondary productivity assessment... AMD
Output 2.4
Activities
· 2.4.2 Establish an Interim Guinea Current Commission followed by a GCC....
AMD
Types of Indicators
· P
Output 2.5
Types of Indicators:
· P
Tools of Verification
· Legal review and modifications completed and adopted... AMD
Outcome
· Legal framework and mechanisms to manage sustainable fisheries adopted
and implemented
Output 2.6
· Output 2.6 Development of ......???
39
· What informed the 3 fisheries (response: 3 fisheries should be left as it is)
Activities
· 2.6.2 Initiate adaptive approach to management of these fisheries through
IGCC / GCC. AMD
Types of Indicators:
· E
Output 2.7
Activities
· 2.7.1 Review existing status, trends....... AMD
· 2.7.4 Enact and enforce law governing coastal aquaculture and mariculture at
national level. AMD
Types of Indicators
· S and P
Outcomes
· Aquaculture and mariculture developed within .......... AMD
Component 5: Regional Coordination and Institutional Sustainability
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
· Regional coordination office opened and staffed at project on set. 1, AMD
· Regional coordination meetings throughout project duration. 1, AMD
· National coordination structures established at project on set. 2, AMD
Types of Indicators:
· P
Output 5.2
· Establishment of effective Steering Committee. AMD
Activities
· 5.2.2 Hold once or twice yearly committee meetings for project governance,
M & E
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
· Stakeholders participate in the SC meeting. AMD
Type of Indicators:
· P
Tools of Verification:
· Project progress report. ADD
Assumption and Risk
· Assumes that SC will be responsive to national concerns. 1, AMD
40
· Assumes that the RCU will effectively communicate the issues and the
suggestions and recommendations by the SC. 1, AMD
· Minimal risk. 2 AMD
Outcomes
· Project SC established and functioning. AMD
Output 5.3
· Establishment of Intersectoral / Interministerial / Ministerial Coordination
both at national and regional levels (Coordinating Structure / Mechanism)
AMD
Activities
· 5.3.1 Establish appropriate national structure / mechanism to ensure.. AMD
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
· Coordination structure established 1, AMD
· Effective communication procedure established 2, AMD
Type of Indicators:
· P
Tools of Verification
· SC / Ministerial meeting reports, 1,........AMD
· SC / Ministerial meeting report, 2, .........AMD
Assumptions and Risks
· Minimal risk. 2, AMD
Outcome
· National coordinating structure / mechanisms functioning in GCLME
countries. 1, AMD
· 2, DEL (Output 5.3 is national)
Output 5.4
Activities
· 5.4.1 Develop work plan for public participation and awareness (PPA) AMD
· 5.4.6 Develop and organize training ......AMD
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
· Private sector actively participating in project workshops, 6...AMD
Types of Indicators:
· P
Assumptions and Risks
· Assumes routine and effective involvement of stakeholders...1, AMD
41
Outcomes
· Full engagement of different sectors in each country in an integrated... 1,
AMD
Output 5.5
Activities
· 5.5.1 Building on existing institutional arrangement where feasible. AMD
· 5.5.1 Establish ......... AMD
· 5.5.4 Develop a centralized system for access and distribution of data...AMD
Types of Indicators:
· P
Output 5.6
Types of Indicators:
· P
Assumptions and Risks
· Minimal risk
Output 5.7
Activities
· 5.7.2 Formally establish the GCC through regional agreement. AMD
Type of Indicators:
· P
Outcomes
· Improved ability to coordinate sustainable management of the GCLME
resources. AMD
Output 5.8
Activities
· 5.8.2 Carry out appropriate training programmes AMD
Types of Indicators:
· P
Tools of Verification
· Training Manuals ADD
42
GROUP 3
Members
1. Dr Sam C. Anurigwo (Chairman) Nigeria
2. Lt. Cdr. Kamal-Deen Ali (Rapporteur) Ghana
3. Dr. Adesanya L.F ( Interpreter) Nigeria
4. Anthony Yaw Karikari Ghana
5. Theophile Richard Guinea
6. Prof. Aka Kouame Cote D'ivoire
7. Paulino Esono Equatorial Guinea
8. Prof. Okond' Ahoka Jose DR Congo
9. Dr. Jean Folack Cameroon
10. Marcos Wabi Benin
Component 4: Reduce land and Sea-based pollution and improve water quality
Objective: Develop strategic programmes for reducing land and sea-based sources of
transboundary pollution and enhance regional ability to address wastes, oil spills, and other major
marine pollution incidents.
Output / Activity / Objectively Verifiable
Tools of
Assumptions and
Outcome
Indicators
Verification
Risks
Output 4.1:
Contracts in countries to
Existence of NPAs,
Assumes countries
Facilitation of
develop NPAs, Regionally-
SC meeting reports, will agree to
development of
consistent and integrated
APR, Project
formulate NPA based
regionally-integrated NPAs developed (P) by end progress reports
on standardized
and consistent
of year 1
methodologies.
National
Workshop curricula,
Programmes of
Training needs assessed and Workshop reports,
Assumes that the
Action for Land-
curricula developed; (P) by
Project progress
success of the GOG
Based Activities,
end of year 1
reports
LME will encourage
including updating
Training workshops
present participating
inventories of
organized (P) by end of year Signed
countries.
pollution and habitat 2.
MOU/Agreements
hot spots
Partnerships developed on
letters on
Risk is minimal as
land-based activities (P) by
partnership, Project
countries are
end of year 2
progress reports
signatories to the
Public participation plan
GPA/LBA, which
developed and
Stakeholder
prescribes common
implemented, stakeholders
Participatory
approaches to
fully involved (P) by end of Workshop Report
formulation of NPA.
year 2
Existence of Public
GPA Clearinghouse
Participation Plan,
Mechanism Node
Project progress
established (P) by end of
reports, Project
year 2
website
Existence of GPA
Clearinghouse
Mechanism,
Clearinghouse
materials,
newsletter, website
43
Component 4: Reduce land and Sea-based pollution and improve water quality
Objective: Develop strategic programmes for reducing land and sea-based sources of
transboundary pollution and enhance regional ability to address wastes, oil spills, and other major
marine pollution incidents.
Output / Activity / Objectively Verifiable
Tools of
Assumptions and
Outcome
Indicators
Verification
Risks
4.1.1 Assist countries in developing realistic and regionally-integrated National Programmes of
Action for land-based sources of pollution and activities
4.1.2 Determine and address training needs in the region for LB sources of pollution and
activities
4.1.3 Develop Regional/ Governmental/ Private Sector partnerships on LB activities and sources
of pollution
4.1.4 Identify, strengthen, and involve Stakeholders in LBS issues in the Region, including their
involvement in Monitoring and Evaluation, as well as development of performance
indicators
4.1.5 Develop and implement a West and Central African regional node of the GPA
Clearinghouse Mechanism within the GCLME Environmental Information Management
System (Component 5)
Outcomes:
Policy frameworks and management measures in place for national level implementation of the
GPA-LBA in 16 GCLME countries.
Pollution from land-based sources into the GCLME reduced.
Stakeholder involvement in reducing land-based sources of pollution and free exchange of related
information in the region.
Trained personnel available in the 16 GCLME countries for them implementation of the GPA-LBA
Regional Programme of
Existence of
Assumes willingness
Action developed by end
Regional
of private sector and
Output 4.2:
of Year 3 (P)
Programme of
civil society to partner
Development and
Action, Project
with governments and
implementation of a
Support garnered for
progress reports
regional organizations
Regional Programme
Regional Programme of
to promote the
of Action for Land-
Action(P)
Letters of support
Regional Programme
Based Activities
and partnership
of Action.
Regional Programme of
agreements
Risk minimal because
between
Action broadly
the private sector and
disseminated (P)
governments and
civil society have
private sector,
already participated in
Project progress
the beginning stages
reports
of this activity to some
degree.
Project website,
Project progress
reports
44
Component 4: Reduce land and Sea-based pollution and improve water quality
Objective: Develop strategic programmes for reducing land and sea-based sources of
transboundary pollution and enhance regional ability to address wastes, oil spills, and other major
marine pollution incidents.
Output / Activity / Objectively Verifiable
Tools of
Assumptions and
Outcome
Indicators
Verification
Risks
4.2.1 Based on National Programmes of Action, develop a Regional Programme of Action for
Land-Based Activities facilitating partnerships between national governments and regional
organizations, the private sector and civil society
4.2.2 Work with governments and other stakeholders to obtain broad support for Regional
Programme of Action and NPAs
4.2.3 Promote the Regional Programme of Action and broadly disseminate the RPA through
public awareness campaign and project website
Outcomes:
Policy frameworks and management measures in place for regional level implementation of the
GPA-LBA in 16 GCLME countries.
Pollution from land-based sources into the GCLME reduced and water quality improved.
(Futuristic)
Output 4.3:
Stakeholders and legal and
Meeting reports,
Assumes countries
Accession to Abidjan technical expert meetings
Project progress
that have not acceded
Convention and
organized
reports
to the Abidjan
Development of a
Convention will do
protocol on LBA for
Accession of Abidjan
Legal/regulatory
so and that all
the Abidjan
Convention assisted
report; Ratification
GCLME Countries
Convention
of Abidjan
will sign and ratify
Legal/regulatory gaps
Convention by all
the Protocol.
reviewed and Protocol
GCLME countries,
drafted, distributed and
Risk moderate
ratified
Project progress
because of concerted
reports, Convention
demands by the
Secretariat reports
countries for the
LBA Protocol.
Protocol to the
Complementary
Abidjan Convention actions will be taken
on LBA
by the RCU to win
accessions to the
Project progress
Abidjan Convention
reports, Convention
by countries who
Secretariat reports
have not already
done so.
4.3.1 Negotiate with Countries yet to accede to the Abidjan Convention to do so
4.3.2 Identify, strengthen and involve key stakeholders in preparation and development of
protocol through sub-regional and regional stakeholder workshops as well as legal and
technical expert meetings
4.3.3 Review gaps in National regulatory/ legislative framework including the review of the
status of the appropriate regional/ international convention by GCLME participating
countries, and assist in developing plans for those that have not yet ratified the Abidjan
Convention
4.3.4 Develop, negotiate and ratify the Protocol to the Abidjan Convention with Annexes on
Land-Based Activities and sources of Pollution
Outcomes:
Abidjan Convention and Protocol on LBA binding on all GCLME Countries
45
Component 4: Reduce land and Sea-based pollution and improve water quality
Objective: Develop strategic programmes for reducing land and sea-based sources of
transboundary pollution and enhance regional ability to address wastes, oil spills, and other major
marine pollution incidents.
Output / Activity / Objectively Verifiable
Tools of
Assumptions and
Outcome
Indicators
Verification
Risks
Output 4.4:
Marine waste management
Working group
Assumes willingness
Completion of
survey completed (P)
reports, Project
on part of port
ecosystem-wide
progress reports
owners/authorities
assessment of marine Survey on port reception
and national/regional
pollution prevention
facility requirements
Working group
maritime authorities
measures,
completed (P)
reports, Project
to enact
contingency
Review of maritime
progress reports.
modifications,
planning, and oil
infrastructure completed (P) Marine Waste
harmonize guidelines
spill response
Survey Report
and cooperate to
capabilities
Assessment of oil spill
prevent/mitigate oil
response completed (P)
Working group
spills.
reports, Project
Advisory services provided
progress reports.
Risk minimal
by technical working group
Port Reception
because most of the
and countries requesting
facility Survey
countries have signed
assistance (P)
Report
the IMO Oil
Pollution Response
Global/regional/national
Working group
Convention, 1991.
seminars and workshops
reports, Project
Furthermore, there is
organized, National systems progress reports.
an existing Protocol
for oil spill response
Maritime
to the Abidjan
developed (P)
infrastructure
Convention on
Review Report
Emergency Response
Assessment of equipment
completed and training
Technical working
materials developed (P)
group reports on
requests from
Suite of 7 ecosystem-wide
countries for
indicators (dissolved
assistance, Project
oxygen, water clarity,
progress reports
coastal wetlands loss,
eutrophic conditions,
Seminar and
sediment contamination,
workshop reports,
benthic condition, fish
Project progress
tissue contamination)
reports, Report on
applied (P)
national system for
oil spill response
Public awareness raised (P)
Training materials
available, Project
progress reports
Project website,
Public awareness
materials, Project
progress reports
46
Component 4: Reduce land and Sea-based pollution and improve water quality
Objective: Develop strategic programmes for reducing land and sea-based sources of
transboundary pollution and enhance regional ability to address wastes, oil spills, and other major
marine pollution incidents.
Output / Activity / Objectively Verifiable
Tools of
Assumptions and
Outcome
Indicators
Verification
Risks
4.4.1 Conduct a survey of the existing integrated approach/ system for the management of all
types of marine wastes in port cities and towns
4.4.2 Conduct a survey/ study on port reception facility requirements and costs in some of the
countries
4.4.3 Review the region's maritime infrastructure with particular regard to survey and
inspection requirements as set out in IMO Conventions
4.4.4 Assess marine pollution, preparedness and response system for oil spill, and spill-
combating equipment needs in each of the countries
4.4.5 Provide advisory services to address specific maritime safety and marine environmental
problems on the request of the countries of the region and for the organization and
implementation of activities related to Prevention of Pollution from Shipping Activities-
Implementation of MARPOL 73/78; Port State Control (PSC); Marine Pollution
Preparedness and Response; assist with the development/ completion of National
Contingency Plans
4.4.6 Implement training through global/ regional/ national seminars, workshops and individual
fellowships; provide assistance in developing the national systems for oil spill response
(institutional capacity building)
4.4.7 Assess equipment, facilitate the provision of pollution response equipment, produce and
disseminate training materials.
4.4.8 Create public awareness regionally on the project activities
Outcomes:
Ecosystem-wide marine pollution prevention measures, contingency planning and spill response
capabilities improved.
Output 4.5:
Emergency response center TORs, Emergency
Assumes countries
Development of
evaluation completed
Response
will agree to
regional systems for
Evaluation Report,
cooperate on joint
cooperation in cases
Contingency plan and
Project progress
emergency
of major marine
cooperation agreements
reports
preparedness and
pollution incidents
completed
response.
(customs, navy,
Existence of
immigration,
Systems for cooperation in
cooperation
Risk minimal, as
communications,
cases of marine pollution
agreements, Project
countries are
response, liability,
incidents developed
progress reports,
signatories to various
and compensation)
IGCC/GCC meeting IMO Conventions in
reports
this domain as well
as to the Protocol on
Working group
the Abidjan
reports, Project
Convention.
progress reports
4.5.1 Evaluate need for and duties of regional emergency response centers
4.5.2 Develop sub-regional/ regional contingency plans and agreement for cooperation
4.5.3 Develop sub-regional/ regional/ inter-regional systems for cooperation in cases of major
marine pollution incidents
Outcomes:
Improved regional cooperation in cases of major marine pollution incidents resulting in decreased
risk to GCLME from maritime activities.
47
Component 4: Reduce land and Sea-based pollution and improve water quality
Objective: Develop strategic programmes for reducing land and sea-based sources of
transboundary pollution and enhance regional ability to address wastes, oil spills, and other major
marine pollution incidents.
Output / Activity / Objectively Verifiable
Tools of
Assumptions and
Outcome
Indicators
Verification
Risks
Output 4.6:
Meeting organized to
Meeting reports,
Assumes
Facilitation of
discuss IMO Conventions
Project progress
commitment of
process to reform
reports
countries to reform
legislation in
Technical assistance
legislation and
GCLME countries to provided to countries to
Technical working
implement
adopt and implement translate conventions into
group reports,
international
international
national legislation
Project progress
conventions.
conventions (e.g.,
reports, IGCC/GCC
Risk is low as
MARPOL, OPRC
meeting reports
countries are
,CLC.) as related to
signatories to the
marine and coastal
relevant IMO and
pollution, especially
other relevant
oil and gas activities
Conventions
4.6.1 Hold high-level meeting of government officials, parliamentarians and the oil and gas
companies (stakeholders) with IMO and other partners to discuss conventions on marine and
coastal pollution related to oil and gas sector, including their benefits and obligations
4.6.2 Provide technical assistance to countries, on request, in translating the provisions of the
Conventions into their national legislation
Outcomes:
National legislative frameworks and implementation of international conventions related to oil and
gas activities improved.
Output 4.7:
Nutrient Activity Working
NAWG
Assumes that the
Strengthening,
Group (NAWG) expanded
Training/Workshop
NAWG set up during
improvement, and
and strengthened.
reports
the GOGLME
demonstration of
project will be
methods to reduce
Nutrient influx survey
Nutrient survey
available for the
nutrient influx to the
conducted
reports
present project.
ecosystem (NAWG,
Assumes that capable
National
Demonstration project on
Demonstration
and responsible
Demonstration
controlling nutrient fluxes
project reports,
parties will execute
Project)
completed
Project progress
the projects.
reports, Inter-
Risk minimal as
Results broadly
Ministerial
course of action was
disseminated
Committee meeting
determined as a
reports, IGCC/GCC
priority by the
meeting reports
country (Togo) for
execution
Project website,
Project progress
reports
48
Component 4: Reduce land and Sea-based pollution and improve water quality
Objective: Develop strategic programmes for reducing land and sea-based sources of
transboundary pollution and enhance regional ability to address wastes, oil spills, and other major
marine pollution incidents.
Output / Activity / Objectively Verifiable
Tools of
Assumptions and
Outcome
Indicators
Verification
Risks
4.7.1 Expand and strengthen the Nutrient Activity Working Group to monitor nutrient input
4.7.2 Survey nutrient loading and point source fluxes into the ecosystem
4.7.3 Based on an identified priority nutrient input, conduct demonstration project on controlling
nutrient fluxes to the ecosystem
4.7.4 Monitor, evaluate and broadly disseminate the results of the Demonstration Project
throughout the region for future replication
Outcomes:
Nutrient influx to GCLME reduced and water quality improved.
Nutrient reduction demonstration replicated in other GCLME countries in the future.
Output 4.8:
Workshops organized and
Workshop reports,
Assumes
Development of
investment opportunities
Project progress
country/donor/private
investment
developed (p)
reports, Inter-
sector willingness to
opportunities for the
Ministerial
make investments in
SAP to reduce
Investments portfolios
Committee reports,
reducing ecosystem
ecosystem threats
developed by Year 4 (p)
IGCC/GCC meeting threats.
identified in the
reports
updated TDA
Risk minimal as co-
(National
Investment portfolio financing proposals
Demonstration
available
by the country and
Project)
private sector give
Project progress
confidence of support
reports
to these measures
4.8.1 Based on identified priority industrial waste inputs, conduct demonstration project on waste
stock exchange management system for controlling industrial waste inputs into the ecosystem
4.8.2 Based on demonstration projects, and through broad stakeholder involvement, conduct two
regional workshops to develop ideas for investment opportunities for the SAP to reduce ecosystem
threats
4.8.3 Based on priority investments identified through the public participation process, develop
investment portfolios for the SAP process
Outcomes:
Industrial pollution into the GCLME reduced and water quality improved.
Capability for Waste stock exchange demonstration replication in other GCLME countries in the
future developed.
49
Component 5: Regional coordination and institutional sustainability
Objective: Create a regional network with broad stakeholder participation and a sustainable
institutional structure for addressing identified threats in the GCLME, including the development of a
regional ecosystem commission and information system.
Output /
Objectively Verifiable
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and
Activity /
Indicators
Risks
Outcome
Output 5.1:
Coordination office opened
SC/Inter-ministerial
Assumes that
Development of a and staff hired at project
meeting reports
countries will provide
regional project
onset, regional coordination
suitable
coordination
meetings throughout project
SC/Inter-Ministerial
national/regional
mechanism
duration
meeting reports, Project
infrastructure and
progress reports
competent personnel
National project coordination
to oversee project
structures established at
activities.
project onset
Risk minimal, as
countries have
committed to
providing suitable
infrastructure and
competent personnel.
5.1.1 Establish, staff and equip a Regional Coordination Unit (RCU)
5.1.2 Develop national project coordination structures/mechanisms in each country, and linkages with
the RCU
Outcomes:
Effective coordination mechanisms for project established and project initiated.
Output 5.2:
5-10 Steering Committee
SC meeting reports
Assumes that the
Development of
meetings held by end of year
program will
effective Steering 5
SC meeting reports
effectively
Committee
communicate the
Stakeholders involved in SC
issues and the
meetings and SC activities
suggestions and
recommendations to
the national sectors
and be responsive to
national needs.
No Risk
5.2.1 Demonstrate value of project to high National Officials to assure continued project support at
high levels
5.2.2 Conduct once or twice-yearly Steering Committee meetings for Governance of Project and
Project M&E
5.2.3 Include broad stakeholder participation in Steering Committee activities to assure project clarity
and transparency.
Outcomes:
Project Steering Committee established, providing strategic and policy guidance, and effectively
overseeing project activities.
50
Component 5: Regional coordination and institutional sustainability
Objective: Create a regional network with broad stakeholder participation and a sustainable
institutional structure for addressing identified threats in the GCLME, including the development of a
regional ecosystem commission and information system.
Output /
Objectively Verifiable
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and
Activity /
Indicators
Risks
Outcome
Output 5.3:
Coordination requirements
SC/Ministerial/IGCC/GCC Assumes that the
Establishment of
determined
meeting reports, Project
program will
Intersectoral/
progress reports
effectively
Interministerial/
Clear communications
communicate the
Ministerial
established
SC/Ministerial/IGCC/GCC issues and the
Coordination
meeting reports, Project
suggestions and
progress reports
recommendations to
the national sectors
and be responsive to
national needs.
No Risk
5.3.1 Determine appropriate national Intersectoral, Interministerial, and/or Ministerial coordination
requirements to assure broad participation in project
5.3.2 Establish clear communications procedures nationally and regionally to track, monitor and
facilitate project execution
Outcomes:
Intersectoral/ Interministerial Coordinating Mechanisms functioning in GCLME countries.
Effective oversight mechanisms for project established.
PPA workplan
PPA committee
Assumes routine and
developed and
meeting reports,
effective involvement by
Output 5.4:
approved by SC
Stakeholders'
stakeholder in planning,
Identification,
participation reports
management and decision-
strengthening and
PPA committee
making.
involvement of
established and holds
Workshop meeting
stakeholders
periodic meetings
reports, Project
Risk minimal because of
progress reports
written commitments by
Country-based and
pertinent stakeholders to
regional workshops
Existence of website
actively participate in the
organized
project
Existence of public
Project Website
awareness materials
developed and online
by end of Year 1
Workshop reports,
Working group
Newsletters and
reports,
publications created
SC/IGCC/GCC
and distributed to at
meeting reports
least 400 stakeholders
51
Component 5: Regional coordination and institutional sustainability
Objective: Create a regional network with broad stakeholder participation and a sustainable
institutional structure for addressing identified threats in the GCLME, including the development of a
regional ecosystem commission and information system.
Output /
Objectively Verifiable
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and
Activity /
Indicators
Risks
Outcome
Output 5.4
Private sector actively
Project progress reports
(contd):
participating in project in
Identification,
workshops and working
Reports from training
strengthening and groups and as co-sponsor of
courses
involvement of
activities
stakeholders
Independent reviews
conducted and results
reported
Training workshops held
5.4.1 Develop a public participation and awareness (PPA) workplan for the project
5.4.2 Implement the PPA workplan involving national experts, private sector, NGOs and other
interested parties
5.4.3 Establish regional information networks and information exchange mechanisms to disseminate
information in West and Central Africa through newsletters, a web page, and publications on the
progress of the project in order to enhance the replication of successful experiences (within the
framework of the Abidjan Convention)
5.4.4 Integrate private sector involved in GCLME development (industry, shipping, fisheries, tourism)
into activities of this project
5.4.5 Promote international support and networking for the action program including a mechanism for
periodic independent reviews and reporting of results
5.4.6 Develop and conduct training workshops for stakeholders
Outcomes:
Full engagement and coordination of different sectors in each country in taking integrated approaches to
governance of the GCLME and sustainable use of its marine and coastal resources.
Broad array of stakeholders actively involved in project activities.
Output 5.5
EIMS established and
Existence of EIMS,
Assumes that
Development of
functional by Year 3
Demonstration project
capacities to execute
Ecosystem
progress report,
this activity are in
Information
Data sharing mechanisms
SC/IGCC/GCC meeting
place.
System (EIS) for
developed and in place
report
GCLME,
Risk minimal because
including
Standards and protocols
Project progress report
pilot phase GOG-
cooperation with
created
LME project has
other available
Working group reports,
provided some of the
regional EIS
Data distribution system
Project progress reports
capacity in the 6
(Regional
developed, Regional
countries. This
Demonstration
demonstration project
Demonstration project
demonstration project
Project)
completed by Year 5
completion reports, Project also includes capacity
progress reports
building in this area.
Project data needs supported
Project progress reports
52
Component 5: Regional coordination and institutional sustainability
Objective: Create a regional network with broad stakeholder participation and a sustainable
institutional structure for addressing identified threats in the GCLME, including the development of a
regional ecosystem commission and information system.
Output /
Objectively Verifiable
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and
Activity /
Indicators
Risks
Outcome
5.5.1 Building on existing institutional arrangement where feasible, establish a Data and
Information Management System for the GCLME to facilitate the updating of the TDA and data
sharing with other regional/global projects
5.5.2 Develop mechanisms for the sharing of data and information for input into the Data and
Information Management System for the GCLME
5.5.3 Create standards and protocols for the collection, processing, analysis and compilation of
data and GIS information
5.5.4 Develop a centralized system for access and distribution of the data to the organizations
involved in the GCLME project, as well as other stakeholders
5.5.5 Support all aspects of the GCLME project in their data and information requirements
Outcomes:
GCLME ecosystem information data synthesized and made accessible to all 16 GCLME countries and
global LME networks to improve decision-making regarding governance of the GCLME and the
sustainable use of its resources.
Output 5.6:
Reviews completed
Project progress reports,
None.
Monitoring and
Evaluations completed
UNDP/UNEP/UNIDO
Evaluation
reports
(M&E)
Indicators and monitoring
system established
Project progress reports,
UNDP/UNEP/UNIDO
reports
5.6.1 Perform annual TPR, APR, PIR
5.6.2 Perform mid-term and final evaluations
5.6.3 Apply GEF IW indicators and monitoring system to evaluate progress on achieving SAP
objectives
Outcomes:
Progress of project regularly evaluated and corrections effected as necessary.
Output 5.7
Regional consensus
Agreement on GCC,
Assumes Political Will to
Development of
achieved
Project progress
achieve joint governance of
regional coordination
reports, SC/IGCC
shared resources.
mechanism (an
GCC established by
meeting reports
Interim Guinea
Year 4
Risk minimal as a Gulf of
Current Commission,
Regional agreement
Guinea Commission with
followed by
Sustainable financing
signed, SC/IGCC
country representation at
establishment of a full- mechanism developed
meeting reports,
Head of State level is in
fledged Commission)
Project progress
existence involving six
reports
countries of the GCLME.
Countries of the pilot phase
Project progress
GOG-LME project also
reports, SC/IGCC
adopted the Accra
meeting reports
Declaration providing joint
governance of shared
resources.
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Component 5: Regional coordination and institutional sustainability
Objective: Create a regional network with broad stakeholder participation and a sustainable
institutional structure for addressing identified threats in the GCLME, including the development of a
regional ecosystem commission and information system.
Output /
Objectively Verifiable
Sources of Verification
Assumptions and
Activity /
Indicators
Risks
Outcome
5.7.1 Develop regional consensus on the responsibilities, duties, structure, and authorities of a GCC
and linkages to the Abidjan Convention and other institutions
5.7.2 Through a regional agreement, formally establish the GCC
5.7.3 Develop sustainable financing mechanisms for the GCC
Outcomes:
Guinea Current LME coordination mechanism established and financing arrangements for future
operations secured.
Improved ability to coordinate sustainable management of the GCLME resources on an ecosystem level.
Output 5.8:
Training modules developed
Project progress reports,
Assumes existence of
Capacity building
IGCC/GCC reports
manpower base,
for the
Technical assistance,
which can be
IGCC/GCC
equipment and
Project progress reports,
improved.
communications facilities
IGCC/GCC reports
acquired
Risk minimal as
competence built in
the countries during
the pilot phase GOG-
LME project and
from other projects.
5.8.1 Develop training modules to enhance capacities of this body
5.8.2 Facilitate the functioning of the GCC through technical assistance, transfer of equipment and
communications facilities
Outcomes:
Improved capacity to coordinate governance of the GCLME and sustainable use of its shared resources.
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GROUP 4
Members
1. Dr. Emmanuel Adogboyega Ajao (Chairman) Nigeria
2. Dr. Kouadio Affian (Rapporteur) Côte
d'Ivoire
3. Dr. Evelyne Solange Ndoulou Loubamono
Gabon
4. Chikwendu Chike
Nigeria
5. Prof. Sikirou Adam
Benin
6. Fernando Trindade
Sao Tome & Principe
7. Prof. Adoté Blivi
Togo
8. Georges NAI
Ghana
Component 3: Planning for Biodiversity Conservation, Restoration of Degraded
Habitats and Development of Strategies for Reducing Coastal Erosion
Output 3.1 (P.17)
Indicators
· All the indicators are maintained and are characterised as Process Indicators
Activities
· 3.1.1 Organize a workshop of all stakeholders to identify the elements for a
GCLME ecosystem-wide Biodiversity Action Plan
· 3.1.3 Elaborate an ecosystem-wide Biodiversity Action Plan and carry out a
broad regional policy framework including local communities consultation
on the proposed Biodiversity Action Plan
· 3.1.5 Promote the endorsement and implementation of the ecosystem-wide
Biodiversity Action Plan and review existing and proposed protected areas,
and develop ecosystem-wide strategy for protected areas involving local
communities
Outcomes
· National and regional policy frameworks in place and priority actions
adopted for conservation of globally significant biodiversity in the GCLME.
· Critical coastal Marine Protected Area established in Benin and replicate
elsewhere in the region.
Output 3.2 (p.18)
Indicators
· All the indicators are maintained and are characterised as Process Indicators
· Reformulate the last indicator as follow: «Results widely disseminated (to
all relevant local communities) »
Activities
· 3.2.1 Identify (in collaboration with local communities) priority mangrove
areas in the region (Nigeria for restoration) based on ecosystem approach
· 3.2.3 Monitor, evaluate, and disseminate results of Demonstration Project
through NGOs and CBOs if successful and replicate else where in the region
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Output 3.3 (p.18)
Indicators
· Add to the two indicators characterised as Process Indicator a third Stress
Reduction Indicators as follow: (S) Increased local awareness and
documented stakeholder involvement
Activities
· Monitor, evaluate and disseminate results of demonstration Project through
NGOs and CBOs if successful and replicate elsewhere in the region
Output 3.4 (p.19)
Indicators
· Add to the two indicators characterised as Process Indicators two other
Indicators as follows:
· (P) Country adoption of sector-related legal reforms, policies, institutions,
standards, and programs necessary to address introduction of alien species,
including stakeholder participation programs.
· (P) Country ratification of the regional and global conventions and protocols
pertinent to the output.
Source of verification
Add the following:
· Adoption of periodic assessment report on introduction of invasive species
in trans-boundary waters
· Accession or ratification of regional and global convention
Output 3.5 (p.19)
Indicators
· All the indicators are maintained and are characterised as Process Indicators
Activities
· 3.5.5 Wide consultation with all stakeholders, including local communities
in the modification and drafting of laws and regulations on biodiversity.
3.6 (p.20)
Indicators
· All the indicators recognized as Process Indicators are maintained except the
second which should be: «Recommendations for low-technology, low-cost
protection measures and other mitigation strategies completed by Year 2"
Activities
· Add: 3.6.4. Undertake impact studies for the national demonstration project.
Outcome
The second line must be changed as follows:
· Coastal erosion in Cote D'Ivoire measurably decreased and adopted low-
cost and low technology replicated elsewhere in the region.
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Component 5: Regional coordination and institutional sustainability (cross cutting)
P.28
Output 5.2.
The first bullet should be as follow:
· One to two Steering Committees meetings held each year
Output 5.3 (P. 29)
Activities
· 5.3.1 Determine and agree on appropriate national Intersectoral,
Interministerial, and/or Ministerial coordination requirements to ensure
broad participation in the project
Output 5.4 (p.30)
Activities
· 5.4.2 Implement the PPA workplan involving national experts, private
sector, local communities, NGOs, CBOs and other interested parties
· 5.4.3 Establish regional information networks and information exchange
mechanisms to disseminate information in West and Central Africa through
GCLME newsletter a web ..........
· 5.4.6 Develop and conduct training workshops for stakeholders (local
government, local communities, NGOs, CBOs, media etc.)
Output 5.5 (p.31)
Indicators
All the indicators are maintained and are characterised as Process Indicator in addition the
following changes were made:
· First line: EIMS established and functional by Year 2
· Line 4: Data distribution system developed, Regional demonstration project
completed by Year 4
Activities
· 5.5.3. Create standards and protocols for the collection, processing and
archiving of data, and GIS.
· 5.5.5 Provide data and information required supporting all aspects of the
GCLME project
Output 5.7 (P.32)
Indicators
Reverse the last indicators as follows:
· Sustainable financing mechanism developed
· GCC established by Year 4
Activities
Reverse the two bullets as follows:
· 5.7.2 Develop sustainable financing mechanisms for the GCC
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· 5.7.3 Through a regional agreement, formally establish the GCC
Output 5.8 (P.32)
Indicators
Reverse the last indicators as follows:
· (P) Technical assistance, equipment and communications facilities acquired
· (P) Training modules developed
Activities
Reverse the two bullets as follows:
· 5.8.1 Facilitate the functioning of the GCC through technical assistance,
transfer of equipment and communications facilities
· 5.8.2 Develop training modules to enhance capacities of this body
58