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1
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2
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- storage of manure
- storage of fertilizers and plant protection materials
- use of fertilizers and plant protection materials
- Irrigation
- soil cultivation
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3
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- After the restructuring of the Bulgarian agriculture the farm structure
was changed and a lot of family farms appeared. Although there was a
decrease in the livestock numbers the new farmers do not possess the necessary skill and funds
to manage manure properly. The thickness of the soil surface where the
hard wastes are stored is not always 0.5 m.
- Therefore attention is given on the support of the:
- creation of manure pits and platforms (SAPARD programme and FTSF), and
facilities for storing the hard and liquid wastes.
- training of farmers
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4
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- In the most cases the fertilizers and the plant protection materials are
stored in closed premises on a cement base
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5
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- the usage of fertilizers and
manure is not always done in the prescribed period of the good farming
practice
- due to the lack of funds no over
dosage of fertilizers usage is observed. Some cases are noted mainly in
the vegetables growing. However this might change in the future
- the conventional practice is to use
mainly nitrogen fertilizers
- the liquid organic wastes are not treated and used
- no over dosage of plant protection materials use is observed. However
the common practice is to use plant protection materials that have
expired term of usage.
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6
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- Therefore attention is given to the:
- creation of codes of good farming practices
and support to the farmers for introducing them
- support to the organic farming and environmentally friendly practices
and activities
- stopping the subsidies for purchase of fertilizers
- recommendations for the balanced fertilization and proper use of plant
protection materials
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7
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- Irrigation
- the percentage of irrigated area is very low (except for vegetable
growing and a part of the orchards)
- Attention should be given to the use of drop irrigation systems
- Soil cultivation
- in most of the cases good soil cultivation practices are not followed
- Attention should be given to crop rotation, fore crops, additional soil
cultivation etc.
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8
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- It is based on 3 key elements:
- Environmental Legislation – obligatory for all of the farmers in
Bulgaria
- Verifiable Standards of Good Farming Practice – obligatory for all
farmers participating in the agri-environmental schemes
- Additional recommendations for the Protection of Water – recommended
for all farmers participating in the schemes, but not obligatory.
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9
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- Three areas have been identified from the existing environmental
legislation relating to agriculture:
- Water Pollution
- Land Use and Soil Fertility
- Designated Sites and Natural Objects
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10
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- Farmers are prohibited from storing or disposing of pesticides within 20
metres of a river bank, stream, lake, water reservoir or seashore
- Farmers are prohibited from constructing a new cattle shed or storing
manure within 20 metres of a river bank, stream, lake, water reservoir
or seashore
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11
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- Farmers are prohibited from disposing of any surplus manure,
fertilisers, pesticides or other farm wastes (e.g. tractor oil) directly
into any drainage ditch, river or stream channel, lake, water reservoir
or abandoned well.
- Farmers are prohibited from applying any fertiliser or organic manure in
the sanitary protection zone around water sources used for communal
drinking water.
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12
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- Farmers must only use chemical fertilizers and pesticides that are
approved by competent state bodies
- Farmers must not use water for irrigation that is polluted with
excessive levels of harmful substances and wastes
- Farmers are prohibited from using agricultural land for non-agricultural
purposes without the permission of MAF
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13
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- Farmers must apply the animal manure produced on the farm to their
agricultural land in order to maintain and restore soil fertility. The
in excess manure should be stored
without any danger for soil and water pollution
- Farmers must report any obvious pollution problem affecting the quality
and safety of soil and water to the appropriate authority (regional MAF
or MoEW office)
- Where pesticides are used, farmers must follow all recommendations and
regulations for their application and disposal .
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14
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- The government, especially the Minister of Environment and Waters, the
Minister of Public Health, the Minister
of agriculture and forestry are responsible for the implementation of
the soil and water protection related legislation
- Ministries have adopted ordinance of protection of waters
- ORDINANCE No 2 concerning the protection of waters from nitrate
pollution originating from agricultural sources
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15
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- Prepares and validates:
- Codes for good agricultural practice
- Programs for training and information of farmers
- Prepares and together with the Minister of Environment and Waters
validates:
- Programs for limitation and elimination of pollution and organizes
control of their implementation
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16
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- Prepares and provides to the Minister of Environment and Waters
information concerning:
- good agricultural practice
- nitrate contents in the waters intended for irrigation
- conditions for the determination of sensible areas
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17
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- Prepares and provides to the Minister of Environment and Waters and the
Minister of Public health information concerning the agricultural
practice on the territory of
sanitary security areas around the water sources, facilities for
water consumption supply and mineral water sources used for healing,
prophylactic, drinking and hygienic purposes, as well as concerning the
implementation of programs limitation and elimination of pollution
- Entrusts the development of water monitoring programs, included in the
programs for pollution limitation and elimination
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18
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- It was adopted by the European Commission on 9 April 2003
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19
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20
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- “Support to pre-accession strategy of Ministry of Agriculture and
Forestry and Ministry of Environment and Water in the Field of Agri-
environment”
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21
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- Finalization of the harmonization of the Bulgarian legislation with the
EU legislation and EU practice, according to the requirements of the
Directive 91/676/EEC (Nitrate Directive) in the field of Good
Agricultural Practice and the Code for Good Agricultural Practice
implemented.
- Harmonization of the Bulgarian legislation with the EU legislation and
EU practice according to the requirements of the Regulation 1257/99 and
445/2002 (agri-environment and rural development legislation)
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22
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- Strengthened agri-economic capacity to establish area related payment
calculation methods regarding the agri-environmental schemes.
- A monitoring and control system for Agri-environmental measures, the
Code for Good Agricultural Practice and the Rural Development Measures
according to the EU requirements
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23
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- The government, especially the Ministry of agriculture and forestry is
responsible for the implementation of organic farming legislation
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24
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- ORDINANCE No 22 on organic production of plants, plant products and
foodstuffs of plant origin and indications referring thereto on them.
- ORDINANCE No 35 on organic production of livestock, livestock products
and foodstuffs of animal origin
and indications referring thereto on them.
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- The first national certifying body, approved on 15 July 2003 by the
Commission of organic agriculture
- The address of the company is:
- 1504 Sofia
- 25 A “Tzar Osvoboditel” Blvd., P.O.Box 143
- Manager: Levcho Borisov
- phone/fax: (02) 910 15; (02) 981 81 43
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26
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Notes
